Method for analyzing gold occurrence state of heap leaching sample

Abstract

The application discloses an analysis method for gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples, and relates to the technical field of mineral processing and process mineralogy analysis. The analysis method combines gravity separation, leaching, roasting and other means with a mass balance mathematical model through the steps of sample preparation, gold grade calculation and representative verification, particle size grading and enrichment, stepwise chemical leaching diagnosis, roasting dissociation and secondary leaching diagnosis, gravity separation enrichment and accurate analysis, occurrence state calculation and the like, and accurately realizes quantitative analysis of four occurrence states of coarse gold, leachable gold, wrapped gold and adsorbed gold which are crucial in the heap leaching process. The application solves the industry problem that the traditional method cannot accurately quantify different occurrence states, and provides direct and reliable data support for accurate optimization and recovery rate improvement of the heap leaching process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing and technological mineralogy analysis, specifically to an analytical method for the occurrence state of gold in heap leaching samples. Background Technology

[0002] Gold, as an important strategic resource, has always attracted much attention in its beneficiation and smelting technology. Heap leaching, due to its advantages such as low investment cost, simple operation, and applicability to low-grade ores, has become an important process for gold extraction. However, in actual production, the gold leaching recovery rate often falls short of ideal levels. This problem is closely related to the occurrence state of gold in the ore. Gold exists in ores in complex and diverse forms. Conventional studies only discuss indicators of direct leaching, lacking specificity, because gold often exists in various forms, including coarse-grained gold that is difficult to leach completely, leached gold that can be directly leached, encapsulated gold bound by sulfides or gangue, and adsorbed gold adsorbed by minerals such as clay. Gold in different occurrence states exhibits drastically different behavioral characteristics during leaching, directly affecting the leaching effect.

[0003] Currently, the analysis of gold occurrence states mainly relies on microscopic observation methods such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. While these methods can provide intuitive mineralogical information, they have significant limitations: First, the sample representativeness is insufficient, making it difficult to reflect the overall characteristics of bulk materials in heap leaching; second, the analysis cycle is long and costly, hindering rapid guidance on the production site; most importantly, these methods cannot accurately quantify the distribution ratio of gold in different occurrence states, especially for gold minerals with fine particle size and complex dispersion, where the analysis results often differ significantly from actual leaching behavior, lacking specificity. For heap leaching processes, traditional gold occurrence state analysis methods cannot effectively distinguish key forms such as leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold, resulting in a lack of targeted guidance for process parameter optimization. In production practice, problems such as inappropriate leaching agent dosage and unreasonable leaching time due to unclear occurrence states frequently occur, leading to resource waste and low recovery rates. The invention patent with publication number CN112378940A provides a method for measuring the gold content of gold-bearing minerals. The method involves preparing an MLA sample from the original sample, using an MLA instrument to measure the relative content of the gold-bearing minerals, manually re-panning the sample, and then leaching the mixed sample with a gold-leaching agent. The gold grade in different samples is determined using SEM and an integrated microscope. Based on the test results, a reasonable and accurate trend curve is obtained, accurate data is screened, and the gold content of each mineral with a relative content of 100% is calculated, thus calculating the gold content of the gold-bearing minerals in the sample. However, this method has a technical problem: it only analyzes the gold content of high-grade metal sulfides and focuses on the gold encapsulation state of single metal sulfides. It is not suitable for heap leaching processes, especially for the content of coarse-grained and adsorbed gold, and cannot provide relevant results, thus offering no guidance for heap leaching processes.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to develop a method that can systematically and accurately analyze the gold occurrence state in heap leaching samples, which is of great practical significance for improving gold leaching recovery rate and optimizing production process parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides an analytical method for the occurrence state of gold in heap leaching samples. Through a combination of processes such as multi-stage crushing, classification, leaching, roasting and gravity separation, the occurrence state of gold in ore is systematically and quantitatively analyzed, providing data support for the optimization of heap leaching process parameters.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for analyzing the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Sample preparation and gold grade calculation of the original sample: Take a representative heap leaching sample, crush it, and divide it into at least a first sample and a second sample; perform gravity separation on the first sample, and analyze the gold grade of the gravity separation concentrate and gravity separation tailings to calculate the gold grade of the original sample.

[0008] S2, Particle size classification: The second sample is dry sieved to obtain sub-samples with different particle size ranges;

[0009] S3. Fine particle sieving and yield calculation: The sub-samples from step S2 are subjected to hydrocyclone sieving and water washing to further separate fine particles. After merging, multiple particle size characteristic samples are obtained for final testing, and the yield of each sample is calculated.

[0010] S4. Stepped chemical leaching: For samples with different particle size characteristics obtained in step S3, leaching operations of different intensities adapted to their particle size are performed, including stirred leaching, flask leaching and column leaching, to obtain leaching residue samples at each level.

[0011] S5. Calcination and secondary leaching: The leaching residue samples obtained in step S4 are calcined and then subjected to a secondary leaching operation corresponding to S4 to obtain secondary leaching residue samples.

[0012] S6. Gravity separation enrichment and precise analysis: At least a portion of the leaching residue sample described in step S4 and the secondary leaching residue sample described in step S5 are subjected to gravity separation enrichment and the gravity separation yield is controlled to obtain high-grade gravity separation concentrates, and the gold grade is precisely analyzed.

[0013] S7. Sample preparation and gold grade determination: The reselected sample obtained in step S6 is remixed into the corresponding leaching residue samples in steps S4 and S5 in a specific ratio to form a mixed sample. The mixed sample is then subjected to reselection and grade analysis to calculate the gold grade of the mixed sample.

[0014] S8. Calculation of gold occurrence state: Based on the gold grade data obtained in steps S1, S5, and S7, calculate the distribution ratio of coarse gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold occurrence states in the sample.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, in S8, the formula for calculating the distribution ratio of coarse gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold in the sample is as follows:

[0016] The formula for calculating the proportion of coarse gold is: W1 = K × t2 × (hF1 - hE1) / M1;

[0017] The formula for calculating the proportion of gold that can be impregnated is: W2 = 1 - W1 - M3 / M1;

[0018] The formula for calculating the proportion of gold plating is: W3 = M4 × (C + M) HF2 + M F2 ) / [ M1×(D + M HE2 + M E2 ) ];

[0019] The formula for calculating the proportion of gold adsorption is: W4 = M3 / M1 - W3;

[0020] Where K is a coefficient, taken as 0.5; K is based on the reselection of samples E1 and F1 respectively, with the yield controlled at t2 (0.01%~0.05%) and 0.5×t2 respectively, by the difference (t2-0.5×t2)=0.5×t2.

[0021] t2 is the reselection yield in step S6;

[0022] hF1 and hE1 are the gold grades of the gravity concentrate after roasting and leaching in step S4 and before roasting in step S5, respectively.

[0023] M1 represents the gold grade of the original sample;

[0024] M3 and M4 are mixed gold grades;

[0025] M HF2 M F2 M HE2 M E2 D and C are sample mass or constants, where C is 10×k3; k3 is the calcination yield of coarse-grained sample; and D is 10.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, in S1, the standard for controlling the representativeness of the sample is: the deviation between the calculated gold grade of the original sample and the gold grade of the produced sample is controlled within ±5%; and / or, sieving is performed using a specified sieve aperture, and the deviation between the content of the material on the sieve and the produced sample is controlled within ±5%.

[0027] The formula for calculating the gold grade M1 of the original sample is: M1 = t1 × a1 + (1 - t1) × a2 g / t;

[0028] Where t1 represents the gravity separation yield; a1 represents the gold grade of the gravity separation concentrate; and a2 represents the gold grade of the gravity separation tailings.

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, in S2, the particle size limits set by the dry sieving are 0.075-0.150mm and 13-20mm, and the sample is divided into three particle size ranges: less than or equal to 0.075-0.150mm, less than or equal to 13-20mm and greater than 0.075-0.150mm, and greater than 13-20mm, which are respectively denoted as sample B1, sample B2, and sample B3.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of step S3 is as follows:

[0031] Samples B2 and B3 were sieved using a hydrocyclone to obtain coarse particles, which were then washed with water through a 0.150 mm sieve. The sieved liquid and fine particles were combined into sample B1. The combined samples and each sieved sample were recorded as C. m The mass of each sample was measured in cm; where m is 1, 2 and 3, representing the fine-particle sample combined with sample B1, sample B2 and sample B3 after being sieved by a hydrocyclone, respectively.

[0032] The yield is recorded as Di, calculated using the formula: Di = cm / ∑ cm; where i represents 1, 2, and 3, which are the sample numbers of each particle size after hydrocyclone washing.

[0033] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ladder chemical leaching operation specifically includes:

[0034] The sample C1, which represents the fine particle size, was leached by stirring, and the leaching residue was denoted as E1.

[0035] Sample C2, representing medium particle size, was subjected to rolling flask leaching, and the leaching residue was denoted as E2.

[0036] Sample C3, representing the coarse-grained grade, was subjected to column leaching, and the leaching residue was denoted as E3.

[0037] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of step S5 is as follows: samples E1 and E2 and sample C3 of the leaching residue are taken respectively and roasted at 400~500 ℃ for 1.5~2.5 h, and the yield after roasting is recorded as km;

[0038] Each calcined sample underwent a secondary leaching operation, with carbon adsorption of gold followed by carbon replacement, and the bottom carbon concentration exceeding 20 g / L, yielding leaching residue sample Fm.

[0039] As a further improvement of the present invention, samples E1 and F1 are subjected to re-separation, with the re-separation yields controlled at t2 and 0.5×t2 respectively; the corresponding re-separated concentrates are denoted as H. E1 and H F1 The tailings from gravity separation are denoted as H. E2 and H F2 Full analysis of gravity separation concentrate H E1 and H F1 Gold grades are denoted as hE1 g / t and hF1 g / t, respectively.

[0040] t2 should be controlled between 0.01% and 0.05%.

[0041] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S7, sample H is added to sample E3 in the following proportions. E2 And E2, to obtain mixed sample L1:

[0042] M HE2 =10×c1 / c3 kg, M E2 =10×c² / c³ kg;

[0043] Wherein, C1 is the sample of fine particles B1 that is undersized and the sample of fine particles combined after being washed and sieved by hydrocyclone, and c1 is the mass of C1.

[0044] C2 is the coarse-grained sample after intermediate particle size sample B2 is sieved by a hydrocyclone, and c2 is the mass of C2.

[0045] C3 is the coarse-grained sample B3 after being sieved by a hydrocyclone, and c3 is the mass of C3.

[0046] The mixed sample L1 was subjected to gravity separation, with a gravity separation yield of t3. The gravity separation concentrate and gravity separation tailings were denoted as E, respectively. 31 and E 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate E 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings E 32 The gold grades are denoted as e31 g / t and e32 g / t, respectively;

[0047] The gold grade M3 of the mixed sample L1 is calculated using the following formula: M3 = t3 × e31 + (1 - t3) × e32 g / t;

[0048] Mix sample H into sample F3 in the following proportions. F2 And F2, to obtain mixed sample L2:

[0049] M HF2 =10×c1 / c3×k1 kg, M F2 =10×c² / c³×k² kg;

[0050] Wherein, k1 is the mass ratio of sample E1 after calcination to before calcination;

[0051] k2 is the mass ratio of sample E2 after roasting to that before roasting;

[0052] k3 is the mass ratio of sample E3 after roasting to before roasting (roasting yield).

[0053] The mixed sample L2 was subjected to gravity separation, with a gravity separation yield of t4. The gravity separation concentrate and gravity separation tailings were denoted as F, respectively. 31 and F 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate F 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings F 32 The gold grades are denoted as f31 g / t and f32 g / t, respectively;

[0054] The gold grade M4 of the mixed sample L2 is calculated using the following formula: M4 = t4 × f31 + (1 - t4) × f32 g / t.

[0055] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for optimizing a heap leaching process, comprising: analyzing the gold occurrence state of the ore to be treated using the above-mentioned analysis method for the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples, obtaining the distribution ratio of coarse gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold; and adjusting at least one process parameter of the heap leaching process according to the distribution ratio, wherein the process parameter includes crushing particle size, leaching time, gold leaching reagent dosage, calcium oxide dosage, calcium oxide pretreatment time, or whether to add a roasting pretreatment step.

[0056] Beneficial effects:

[0057] This invention provides an analytical method for the gold occurrence state in heap leaching samples. This invention constructs a "process diagnosis-quality balance" analytical system, achieving for the first time the systematic separation and precise quantification of four key gold occurrence states in the heap leaching process—coarse-grained gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold. First, it moves from "static observation" to "dynamic diagnosis": traditional methods rely on chemical dissolution or microscopic observation, which can only provide qualitative descriptions or rough semi-quantitative analyses, failing to solve the most critical problem in the heap leaching process: "diagnosing the origin of difficult-to-leach gold." This method simulates the actual heap leaching environment, applying a series of carefully designed, progressively stronger "treatment processes" (such as step-chemical leaching and roasting dissociation) to the sample. By precisely analyzing the differences in the behavioral responses of gold under these interventions, its initial occurrence state can be deduced in reverse. Second, the "diagnostic logic" and "separation strategy": This invention employs a separation path design, such as the "calcination comparison method," which involves calcining the same difficult-to-leach sample. By comparing the significant differences in gold leaching rates before and after calcination, it successfully and accurately distinguishes between coarse gold that is difficult to leach due to its "large physical particle size" and gold that is difficult to leach due to being "encapsulated by sulfides, etc.", thus solving the long-standing problem of "misjudging the root cause of difficulty in leaching." Simultaneously, through "stepwise leaching" combined with "sample preparation and mathematical models," it effectively separates easily leached gold from firmly adsorbed gold. Third, a standardized and reproducible analytical system is constructed: To achieve the above diagnostic logic, this invention integrates multiple operational procedures such as crushing, sieving, gravity separation, stepwise leaching, calcination, and sample preparation into a complete and standardized analytical system in a specific order. The entire process strictly adheres to the principle of quality balance and ultimately transforms experimental data into precise distribution ratios through a dedicated mathematical model of gold occurrence states (W1-W4 calculation formula). Furthermore, the analytical method strictly controls sample representativeness at the outset to ensure that the analytical results have direct guiding significance for industrial production. It possesses the following technical advantages:

[0058] 1. Through multi-stage crushing, grading and leaching tests, the actual heap leaching production process is simulated, and the analysis results are more representative and instructive.

[0059] 2. Combining gravity separation, roasting and leaching, the occurrence states of coarse gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold and adsorbed gold were systematically distinguished and quantitatively analyzed.

[0060] 3. The analytical method is highly operable and low-cost, making it suitable for industrial applications and process optimization. It provides a scientific basis for improving gold recovery and optimizing reagent dosage in heap leaching processes.

[0061] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0062] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for analyzing the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the invention, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of this invention, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0067] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] To address the shortcomings of traditional heap leaching methods for analyzing the gold occurrence state in samples—namely, insufficient sample representativeness, inability to quantify and subdivide states, and disconnect from actual production—this invention provides a method for analyzing the gold occurrence state in heap leaching samples. First, a sample preparation system simulating production is constructed, employing a crushing process consistent with actual production. Gold grade is determined through reselection and controlled to within ±5.00% of the production grade, thus solving the problem of insufficient representativeness in small sample analysis. Then, a multi-stage grading and sieving process is used, combining dry sieving and hydrocyclone sieving, to precisely divide the sample into three particle size ranges. Fine particles are combined through washing, and the yield is calculated, laying the foundation for subsequent adaptable leaching. Third, a stepped leaching scheme is designed, employing stirring, rolling flask, and column leaching for samples of different particle sizes, matching the leaching behavior of different gold particle sizes in actual heap leaching and improving analytical specificity. Fourth, a roasting-secondary leaching combined process is introduced. Roasting breaks down the adsorption state, combined with carbon adsorption gold technology, to achieve effective dissociation and recovery of difficult-to-leach gold. Fifth, a precise quantitative system for gravity separation enrichment and sample calibration is established. By controlling the gravity separation yield and remixing samples according to a specific ratio, combined with a dedicated calculation formula, the accurate proportions of four occurrence states of gold—coarse-grained gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold—can be calculated. This invention integrates physical sorting and chemical leaching technologies, ensuring both the representativeness of the analytical results and the quantitative differentiation of occurrence states, providing a scientific basis for optimizing heap leaching process parameters.

[0073] This invention provides an analytical method for the gold occurrence state in heap leaching samples. Through a combination of processes including multi-stage crushing, classification, leaching, roasting, and gravity separation, it systematically and quantitatively analyzes the gold occurrence state in the ore, providing data support for optimizing heap leaching process parameters. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0074] S1, Sample preparation, gold grade calculation and representativeness control:

[0075] S11. Take 100~200 kg of the sample to be tested, and denot it as sample A. Use the same crushing process and index parameters as in actual production to crush the sample. Divide sample A into two equal parts, denoted as sample A1 and sample A2 respectively.

[0076] S12, 50 kg of sample A1 was taken, finely ground (200 mesh, 75-90% purity) and subjected to gravity separation. The gravity separation yield was t1. The gravity concentrate and gravity tailings were denoted as A1 and A2, respectively. 11 and A 12 Full analysis of gravity concentrate A 11 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings A 12 The gold grades are denoted as a1 g / t and a2 g / t, respectively; calculate the gold grade M1 of sample A1, M1=t1×a1+(1-t1)×a2 g / t.

[0077] S13, using grade and particle size to control sample representativeness, the control strategy is as follows:

[0078] The deviation between M1 and the production grade should be controlled within ±5.00%.

[0079] And / or, use a 15~5 mm sieve to control the percentage content on the sieve, with a deviation from the production sample within ±5.00%.

[0080] S2, particle size classification:

[0081] The sample A2 from step S1 is subjected to a two-step dry sieving operation, resulting in i samples (i = 1, 2, and 3, representing sizes less than or equal to 0.075 ~ 0.150 mm, less than or equal to 13 ~ 20 mm and greater than 0.075 ~ 0.150 mm, and greater than 13 ~ 20 mm, respectively). Each sample is denoted as B. i ;

[0082] S3, Fine particle screening and yield calculation:

[0083] Samples B2 and B3 were sieved using a hydrocyclone. The coarse particles were then washed with water through a 0.150 mm sieve. The sieved liquid and fine particles were combined into sample B1. The combined samples and each sieved sample were recorded as C. m The masses were measured in cm; (m = 1, 2 and 3, representing the fine-particle sample combined with sample B1, sample B2 and sample B3 after being sieved by a hydrocyclone, respectively).

[0084] Let the yield be Di, where Di = cm / ∑cm.

[0085] S4, step-by-step chemical leaching:

[0086] S41, take 20 kg of sample C1 and carry out stirring leaching (with a liquid-solid mass ratio of not less than 4:1, calcium oxide not less than 30 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 2-4 h, gold leaching agent not less than 25 kg / t, stirring leaching for more than 24 h), filter and dry, and record the leaching residue as E1.

[0087] S42, take 20 kg of sample C2 and perform a rolling leaching operation (with a liquid-solid mass ratio of not less than 2:1, calcium oxide not less than 30 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 2-4 h, gold leaching agent not less than 25 kg / t, and rolling leaching for more than 7 days), filter and dry, and record the leaching residue as E2.

[0088] S43, take 10 kg of sample C3 and perform column leaching (with a liquid-to-solid mass ratio of not less than 1:1, calcium oxide not less than 30 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 2-4 days, gold leaching agent not less than 25 kg / t, and continuous leaching for more than 30 days), test and analyze the gold content in the liquid until the gold is stable and no longer precipitates, filter and dry, and record the leaching residue as E3.

[0089] S5, calcination dissociation and secondary leaching:

[0090] 10 kg of leaching residue samples E1 and E2 and 10 kg of sample C3 were taken and roasted at 400-500 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 h. The yields after roasting were recorded as km.

[0091] For each calcined sample, a leaching operation was performed, similar to step S4, involving carbon adsorption of gold and carbon replacement (bottom carbon ≥ 20 g / L), yielding leaching residue sample F. m .

[0092] S6, Reselection Enrichment and Precise Analysis:

[0093] Re-separation was performed on samples E1 and F1, with yields controlled at t2 (0.01%~0.05%) and 0.5×t2, respectively; the corresponding gravity concentrates were denoted as H. E1 and H F1 The tailings from gravity separation are denoted as H. E2 and H F2 Full analysis of gravity separation concentrate H E1 and H F1 The gold grade is denoted as hE1 g / t and hF1 g / t, respectively.

[0094] S7, sample preparation and gold grade determination:

[0095] S71, grind samples E2, E3, F2 and F3 respectively (200 mesh content 75~90%), filter and dry;

[0096] S72, mix sample H with sample E3 in the following proportions. E2 And E2, to obtain mixed sample L1:

[0097] M HE2 =10×c1 / c3 kg,

[0098] M E2 =10×c² / c³ kg;

[0099] The mixed sample L1 was subjected to gravity separation, with a gravity separation yield of t3. The gravity separation concentrate and gravity separation tailings are denoted as E, respectively. 31 and E 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate E 31Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings E 32 The gold grades are denoted as e31 g / t and e32 g / t, respectively;

[0100] Calculate the gold grade M3 of the mixed sample L1, M3 = t3 × e31 + (1 - t3) × e32 g / t.

[0101] S73, add product H to sample F3 in the following proportions. F2 And F2, to obtain mixed sample L2:

[0102] M HF2 =10×c1 / c3×k1 kg,

[0103] M F2 =10×c² / c³×k² kg;

[0104] Wherein, k1 is the mass ratio of sample E1 after calcination to before calcination;

[0105] k2 is the mass ratio of sample E2 after roasting to that before roasting;

[0106] k3 is the mass ratio of sample E3 after roasting to before roasting (roasting yield).

[0107] This mixed sample L2 was subjected to gravity separation, with a gravity separation yield of t4. The gravity separation concentrate and gravity separation tailings are denoted as F, respectively. 31 and F 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate F 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings F 32 The gold grades are respectively denoted as f31 g / t and f32 g / t;

[0108] Calculate the gold grade M4 of the mixed sample L2, M4 = t4 × f31 + (1 - t4) × f32 g / t.

[0109] S8, Gold Accumulation State Calculation:

[0110] Calculate the gold deposit state W n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, representing coarse gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold, respectively):

[0111] The formula for calculating the proportion of coarse gold particles is: W1 = 0.5 × t2 × (hF1 - hE1) / M1;

[0112] The formula for calculating the proportion of gold that can be immersed is: W2 = 1 - W1 - M3 / M1;

[0113] The formula for calculating the proportion of gold in the package is: W3 = M4 × (10 × k3 + M) HF2 +M F2 ) / (M1×(10+M) HE2+M E2 ));

[0114] The formula for calculating the proportion of gold adsorption is: W4 = M3 / M1 - W3.

[0115] The definitions are as follows:

[0116] 1. Coarse-grained gold: Gold minerals that can be recovered through gravity separation, with a particle size greater than 10 μm, and which are dissociated into monomers and are difficult to leach and recover using conventional leaching methods.

[0117] 2. Leachable gold: Gold minerals that can be directly leached and recovered.

[0118] 3. Encased gold: Gold minerals encased in metal sulfides, metal oxides, and gangue.

[0119] 4. Adsorbed gold: Gold minerals that are adsorbed by adsorbed substances and cannot be directly leached and recovered.

[0120] The distribution ratio W1 of coarse gold is calculated based on the difference in gold grade between the gravity separation concentrate before and after roasting.

[0121] The distribution ratio W2 of leached gold is calculated based on the gold grade M1 of the original sample, the distribution ratio W1 of the coarse gold, and the gold grade M3 of the mixed sample representing adsorbed gold and residual encapsulated gold.

[0122] The distribution ratio of gold in the package, W3, was calculated based on the gold grade M4 of the mixed sample, which represents the residual gold after roasting and dissociation.

[0123] The distribution ratio W4 of adsorbed gold is calculated based on the difference between the gold grade M3 of the mixed sample and the distribution ratio W3 of the encapsulated gold.

[0124] Example 1

[0125] Please see Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an analytical method for the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples, mainly for the analysis of the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples from a gold mine in Inner Mongolia, including the following steps:

[0126] S1, Sample preparation, gold grade calculation and representativeness control:

[0127] Take 100 kg of the sample to be tested, and denote it as sample A. Use the same crushing process and index parameters as in actual production to crush the sample. Divide sample A into two equal parts, which are denoteed as sample A1 and sample A2 respectively.

[0128] 50 kg of sample A1 was taken, finely ground (200 mesh, 80% purity) and subjected to gravity separation. The gravity separation yield was t1 = 0.01%. The gravity concentrate and gravity tailings were denoted as A1 and A2, respectively. 11and A 12 Full analysis of gravity concentrate A 11 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings A 12 The gold grades are denoted as a1 = 1242.15 g / t and a2 = 1.53 g / t, respectively; the gold grade M1 of sample A1 is calculated using the following formula:

[0129] M1=t1×a1+(1-t1)×a2=0.01 %×1242.15+(1-0.01 %)×1.53= 1.65 g / t;

[0130] The deviation between M1 and the production grade (1.62 g / t) should be controlled within ±5.00%.

[0131] A 5 mm sieve was used to control the percentage content on the sieve (72.33%), with the deviation from the production sample (69.44%) within ±5.00%.

[0132] S2, particle size classification:

[0133] The sample A2 from step S1 is subjected to a two-step dry sieving operation, resulting in i samples (i = 1, 2, and 3, representing samples with a diameter less than or equal to 0.150 mm, less than or equal to 20 mm and greater than 0.150 mm, and greater than 20 mm, respectively). Each sample is denoted as B. i ;

[0134] S3, Fine particle screening and yield calculation:

[0135] Samples B2 and B3 were sieved using a hydrocyclone (outer swirling flow, downward movement, carrying most of the coarse and heavy particles; inner swirling flow, upward movement, near the bottom of the cone, some liquid and fine particles that failed to reach the wall in time are carried upward and rotate, eventually being discharged from the top overflow pipe, yielding a clear overflow product (usually fine particles or clear liquid)). The coarse particles were washed with water using a 0.150 mm sieve, and the liquid and these fine particles were combined and added to sample B1. The combined sample and each sieved sample were respectively labeled C. m The masses were measured in cm (m = 1, 2 and 3, representing the fine-particle sample combined with sample B1, sample B2 and sample B3 after being sieved by a hydrocyclone), see Table 1 for details.

[0136] Table 1 shows the calculation of sample quality and yield.

[0137]

[0138] S4, step-by-step chemical leaching:

[0139] S41, 20 kg of sample C1 was taken and subjected to stirring leaching (liquid-solid mass ratio 4:1, calcium oxide 31 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 2 h, gold leaching agent (cicada) 25 kg / t, stirring leaching for 24 h), filtered and dried, and the leaching residue was recorded as E1.

[0140] S42, 20 kg of sample C2 was taken and subjected to rolling leaching (liquid-solid mass ratio 2:1, calcium oxide 30 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 2 h, gold leaching agent (cicada) 25 kg / t, rolling leaching for 7 days), filtered and dried, and the leaching residue was recorded as E2.

[0141] S43, 10 kg of sample C3 was taken and subjected to column leaching (liquid-solid mass ratio 1:1, calcium oxide 30 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 4 days, gold leaching agent (cicada) 25 kg / t, rolling leaching for 30 days), and the gold content in the liquid was tested and analyzed until the gold stabilized and no longer precipitated. The sample was then filtered, dried, and the leaching residue was recorded as E3.

[0142] S5, calcination dissociation and secondary leaching:

[0143] 10 kg of leaching residue samples E1 and E2 and 10 kg of sample C3 were taken and roasted at 450 ℃ for 3 h. The yields after roasting were recorded as k1=0.9522, k2=0.964 and k3=0.9735, respectively.

[0144] For each calcined sample, a leaching operation was performed. For each sample in step S4, carbon adsorbent gold (20 g / L of bottom carbon) was added to obtain leaching residue sample F. m .

[0145] S6, Reselection Enrichment and Precise Analysis:

[0146] Re-separation was performed on samples E1 and F1, with yields controlled at t2 = 0.01% and 0.5 × t2 = 0.005%, respectively; the corresponding gravity concentrates were denoted as H. E1 and H F1 The tailings from gravity separation are denoted as H. E2 and H F2 Full analysis of gravity separation concentrate H E1 and H F1 The gold grades are denoted as hE1 = 452.33 g / t and hF1 = 1127.41 g / t, respectively.

[0147] S7, sample preparation and gold grade determination:

[0148] S71, grind samples E2, E3, F2 and F3 respectively (200 mesh, 85% content), filter and dry;

[0149] S72, mix sample H with sample E3 in the following proportions. E2 And E2, to obtain mixed sample L1:

[0150] M HE2 =10×c1 / c3=10×0.4597= 4.60 kg,

[0151] M E2 =10 ×c2 / c3=10×0.6055=6.06 kg,

[0152] The mixed sample L1 was subjected to gravity separation, with a yield of t3 = 0.01%. The gravity concentrate and gravity tailings were denoted as E, respectively. 31 and E 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate E 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings E 32 The gold grades are denoted as e31 = 315.72 g / t and e32 = 0.57 g / t, respectively.

[0153] Calculate the gold grade M3 of the mixed sample L1: M3 = t3 × e31 + (1 - t3) × e32 = 0.01% × 315.72 + (1 - 0.01%) × 0.57 = 0.60 g / t;

[0154] S73, mix sample H with sample F3 in the following proportions. F2 And F2, to obtain mixed sample L2:

[0155] M HF2 =10×c1 / c3×k1=10×0.4597×0.9522= 4.38 kg;

[0156] M F2 =10×c2 / c3×k2=10×0.6055×0.9464=5.73 kg,

[0157] The mixed sample L2 was subjected to gravity separation, with a yield of t4 = 0.01%. The gravity concentrate and gravity tailings were denoted as F, respectively. 31 and F 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate F 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings F 32 The gold grades are denoted as f31 = 294.26 g / t and f32 = 0.55 g / t, respectively.

[0158] Calculate the gold grade M4 of the mixed sample L2: M4 = t4 × f31 + (1 - t4) × f32 = 0.01% × 294.26 + (1 - 0.01%) × 0.55 = 0.58 g / t.

[0159] S8, Gold Accumulation State Calculation:

[0160] Calculate the gold occurrence state Wn (n is 1, 2, 3, 4, representing coarse-grained gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold, respectively):

[0161] W1=0.5×t2×(hF1-hE1) / M1=0.5×0.01%×(1127.41-452.33) / 1.65=2.05%;

[0162] W2=1-W1-M3 / M1=1-2.05%-0.60 / 1.65=61.59%;

[0163] W3 = M4 × (10 × k3 + M) HF2 +M F2 ) / (M1×(10+M) HE2 +M E2 =0.58×(10×0.9735+4.38+5.73) / (1.65×(10+4.60+6.06))=33.76%;

[0164] W4 = M3 / M1 - W 3= 0.60 / 1.65-33.76%=2.60%.

[0165] The calculation results of the gold occurrence state obtained by the embodiments of the present invention have an accuracy of within ±2%. Compared with the actual stable production data, the gold leaching rate is 61.20%, which has a high matching accuracy. Furthermore, by adopting the carbon leaching competitive adsorption process, the gold leaching rate is increased to 64.22%, which matches the adsorbed gold ratio well.

[0166] Example 2

[0167] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an analytical method for the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples, mainly for the analysis of the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples from a gold mine in Shandong Province, including the following steps:

[0168] S1, Sample preparation, gold grade calculation and representativeness control:

[0169] Take 100 kg of the sample to be tested, and denote it as sample A. Use the same crushing process and index parameters as in actual production to crush the sample. Divide sample A into two equal parts, which are denoteed as sample A1 and sample A2 respectively.

[0170] 50 kg of sample A1 was taken, finely ground (200 mesh, 80% purity) and subjected to gravity separation. The gravity separation yield was t1 = 0.01%. The gravity concentrate and gravity tailings were denoted as A1 and A2, respectively. 11 and A 12 Full analysis of gravity concentrate A 11Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings A 12 The gold grades are denoted as a1 = 25.44 g / t and a2 = 2.11 g / t, respectively; the gold grade M1 of sample A1 is calculated using the following formula:

[0171] M1=t1×a1+(1-t1)×a2=0.01 %×25.44+(1-0.01 %)×2.11= 2.11 g / t;

[0172] The deviation between M1 and the production grade (2.15 g / t) should be controlled within ±5.00%.

[0173] A 5 mm sieve was used to control the percentage content on the sieve (62.14%), with the deviation from the production sample (60.15%) within ±5.00%.

[0174] S2, particle size classification:

[0175] The sample A2 from step S1 is subjected to a two-step dry sieving operation, resulting in i samples (i = 1, 2, and 3, representing samples with a diameter less than or equal to 0.150 mm, less than or equal to 20 mm and greater than 0.150 mm, and greater than 20 mm, respectively). Each sample is denoted as B. i ;

[0176] S3, Fine particle screening and yield calculation:

[0177] Samples B2 and B3 were sieved using a hydrocyclone (outer swirling flow, downward movement, carrying most of the coarse and heavy particles; inner swirling flow, upward movement, near the bottom of the cone, some liquid and fine particles that failed to reach the wall in time are carried upward and rotate, eventually being discharged from the top overflow pipe, yielding a clear overflow product (usually fine particles or clear liquid)). The coarse particles were washed with water using a 0.150 mm sieve, and the liquid and these fine particles were combined and added to sample B1. The combined sample and each sieved sample were respectively labeled C. m The masses were measured in cm (m = 1, 2 and 3, representing the fine-particle sample combined with sample B1, sample B2 and sample B3 after being sieved by a hydrocyclone), see Table 2 for details.

[0178] Table 2 shows the calculation of sample quality and yield.

[0179]

[0180] S4, step-by-step chemical leaching:

[0181] S41, 20 kg of sample C1 was taken and subjected to stirring leaching (liquid-solid mass ratio 4:1, calcium oxide 30 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 2 h, gold leaching agent (cicada) 23.5 kg / t, stirring leaching for 24 h), filtered and dried, and the leaching residue was recorded as E1.

[0182] S42, 20 kg of sample C2 was taken and subjected to rolling leaching (liquid-solid mass ratio 2:1, calcium oxide 31 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 2 h, gold leaching agent (cicada) 24 kg / t, rolling leaching for 7 d), filtered and dried, and the leaching residue was recorded as E2.

[0183] S43, 10 kg of sample C3 was taken and subjected to column leaching (liquid-solid mass ratio 1:1, calcium oxide 28 kg / t, calcium oxide pretreatment for 4 days, gold leaching agent (cicada) 24 kg / t, rolling leaching for 30 days), and the gold content in the liquid was tested and analyzed until the gold stabilized and no longer precipitated. The sample was then filtered, dried, and the leaching residue was recorded as E3.

[0184] S5, calcination dissociation and secondary leaching:

[0185] 10 kg of leaching residue samples E1 and E2 and 10 kg of sample C3 were taken and roasted at 450 ℃ for 3 h. The yields after roasting were recorded as k1=0.9982, k2=0.9946 and k3=0.9951, respectively.

[0186] For each calcined sample, a leaching operation was performed. For each sample in step S4, carbon adsorbent gold (20 g / L of bottom carbon) was added to obtain leaching residue sample F. m .

[0187] S6, Reselection Enrichment and Precise Analysis:

[0188] Re-separation was performed on samples E1 and F1, with yields controlled at t2 = 0.01% and 0.5 × t2 = 0.005%, respectively; the corresponding gravity concentrates were denoted as H. E1 and H F1 The tailings from gravity separation are denoted as H. E2 and H F2 Full analysis of gravity separation concentrate H E1 and H F1 The gold grades are denoted as hE1 = 23.82 g / t and hF1 = 25.30 g / t, respectively.

[0189] S7, sample preparation and gold grade determination:

[0190] S71, grind samples E2, E3, F2 and F3 respectively (200 mesh, 85% content), filter and dry;

[0191] S72, mix sample H with sample E3 in the following proportions. E2 And E2, to obtain mixed sample L1:

[0192] M HE2 =10×c1 / c3=10×0.3407= 3.47 kg;

[0193] M E2 =10 ×c2 / c3=10×0.5397=5.40 kg;

[0194] The mixed sample L1 was subjected to gravity separation, with a yield of t3 = 0.01%. The gravity concentrate and gravity tailings were denoted as E, respectively. 31 and E 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate E 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings E 32 The gold grades are denoted as e31 = 21.82 g / t and e32 = 0.44 g / t, respectively.

[0195] Calculate the gold grade M3 of the mixed sample L1: M3 = t3 × e31 + (1 - t3) × e32 = 0.01% × 21.82 + (1 - 0.01%) × 0.44 = 0.44 g / t;

[0196] S73, mix sample H with sample F3 in the following proportions. F2 And F2, to obtain mixed sample L2:

[0197] M HF2 =10×c1 / c3×k1=10×0.3407×0.9982= 3.46 kg;

[0198] M F2 =10×c2 / c3×k2=10×0.5397×0.9946=5.37 kg;

[0199] The mixed sample L2 was subjected to gravity separation, with a yield of t4 = 0.01%. The gravity concentrate and gravity tailings were denoted as F, respectively. 31 and F 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate F 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings F 32 The gold grades are denoted as f31 = 19.52 g / t and f32 = 0.44 g / t, respectively.

[0200] Calculate the gold grade M4 of the mixed sample L2: M4 = t4 × f31 + (1 - t4) × f32 = 0.01% × 19.52 + (1 - 0.01%) × 0.44 = 0.44 g / t.

[0201] S8, Gold Accumulation State Calculation:

[0202] Calculate the gold occurrence state Wn (n is 1, 2, 3, 4, representing coarse-grained gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold, respectively):

[0203] W1=0.5×t2×(hF1-hE1) / M1=0.5×0.01%×(25.30-23.82) / 2.11=0%;

[0204] W2=1-W1-M3 / M1=1-0%-0.44 / 2.11=79.15%;

[0205] W3 = M4 × (10 × k3 + M) HF2 +M F2 ) / (M1×(10+M) HE2 +M E2 =0.44×(10×0.9951+3.46+5.37) / (2.11×(10+3.47+5.40))=20.75%;

[0206] W4 = M3 / M1 - W 3= 0.44 / 2.11-20.75%=0.10%.

[0207] Example 3

[0208] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for optimizing heap leaching process, which includes: analyzing the gold occurrence state of the ore to be treated using the analysis method for gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples in the above embodiments, and obtaining the distribution ratio of coarse gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold and adsorbed gold; and adjusting at least one parameter of the heap leaching process according to the distribution ratio, the parameter including crushing particle size, leaching time, leaching reagent regime or whether to add roasting pretreatment process.

[0209] In summary, this invention discloses an analytical method for the gold occurrence state of heap leaching samples, relating to the fields of mineral processing and technological mineralogy analysis. This analytical method systematically combines gravity separation, leaching, and roasting techniques with a mass balance mathematical model through steps such as sample preparation, gold grade calculation and representativeness verification, particle size classification and enrichment, stepwise chemical leaching diagnosis, roasting dissociation and secondary leaching diagnosis, gravity separation enrichment and precise analysis, and occurrence state calculation. It is the first to achieve precise quantitative analysis of four occurrence states crucial in heap leaching processes: coarse-grained gold, leached gold, encapsulated gold, and adsorbed gold. This invention solves the industry problem of traditional methods being unable to accurately quantify different occurrence states, providing direct and reliable data support for the precise optimization of heap leaching processes and the improvement of recovery rates.

[0210] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments that have the same structure and perform the same effects as the technical concept within the scope of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, are also included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An analysis method of gold occurrence state of a heap leaching sample, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, sample preparation and original sample gold grade calculation: taking representative heap leaching samples, after crushing, dividing the samples into at least a first sample and a second sample; performing gravity separation on the first sample, and analyzing the gold grade of the gravity separation concentrate and the gravity separation tailings to calculate the original sample gold grade; S2, particle size classification: performing dry screening on the second sample to obtain sub-samples of different particle size intervals; S3, fine particle screening and yield calculation: performing hydrocyclone screening and water washing treatment on part of the sub-samples in step S2 to further separate fine particle materials, and combining the sub-samples to obtain multiple particle characteristic samples for final testing, and calculating the yield of each sample; S4, step leaching: performing leaching operations of different strengths suitable for the particle sizes of the different particle characteristic samples obtained in step S3, including stirring leaching, rolling bottle leaching and heap column leaching, to obtain leaching residue samples at different levels; S5, roasting and secondary leaching: performing roasting treatment on the leaching residue samples obtained in step S4, and performing secondary leaching operations corresponding to S4 on the roasted samples to obtain secondary leaching residue samples; S6, gravity enrichment and accurate analysis: performing gravity enrichment and controlling the gravity separation yield on at least part of the leaching residue samples in step S4 and the secondary leaching residue samples in step S5 to obtain high-grade gravity separation concentrates, and respectively performing accurate analysis on the gold grade; S7, sample preparation and gold grade determination: preparing a mixed sample by proportionally returning the gravity separation samples obtained in step S6 to the leaching residue samples in steps S4 and S5, and performing gravity separation and grade analysis on the mixed sample to calculate the gold grade of the mixed sample; S8, gold occurrence state calculation: based on the gold grade data obtained in steps S1, S5 and S7, the occurrence state distribution proportions of coarse gold, leachable gold, inclusion gold and adsorbed gold in the sample are calculated respectively.

2. The method of analysis of gold occurrence in heap leach samples according to claim 1, characterised in that, In S8, the calculation formulas of the occurrence state distribution proportions of coarse gold, leachable gold, inclusion gold and adsorbed gold in the sample are as follows: The calculation formula of the proportion of coarse gold: W1 = K × t2 × (hF1-hE1) / M1; The calculation formula of the proportion of leachable gold: W2 = 1 - W1 - M3 / M1; The proportion of gold in the package is calculated by the formula: W3 = M4 x (C + M HF2 + M F2 ) / [ M1 x (D + M HE2 + M E2 ) ] The calculation formula of the proportion of adsorbed gold: W4 = M3 / M1 - W3; Wherein, K is a coefficient, which is 0.5; t2 is the gravity separation yield in step S6; hF1 and hE1 are the gold grades of the gravity separation concentrates after roasting and leaching in step S4 and before roasting in step S5 respectively; M1 is the original sample gold grade; M3 and M4 are the gold grades of the mixed sample; M HF2 、M F2 、M HE2 、M E2 , D, C is the quality or constant, wherein, C take 10 × k3; k3 is the coarse sample roasting yield; D take 10.

3. The method of analysis of gold occurrence in heap leach samples according to claim 2, characterised in that, In S1, the control standards for sample representativeness are: the deviation of the calculated original sample gold grade from the product gold grade is controlled within ±5%; and / or, the deviation between the content of the oversize and the production sample is controlled within ±5% by using a specified screen aperture for screening; The calculation formula of the original sample gold grade M1 is: M1 = t1 × a1 + (1-t1) × a2 g / t; Wherein, t1 represents the gravity separation yield; a1 represents the gold grade of the gravity separation concentrate; and a2 represents the gold grade of the gravity separation tailings.

4. The method of analysis of gold occurrence state of heap leaching sample according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S2, the particle size limits of the dry screening device are 0.075-0.150 mm and 13-20 mm, and the sample is divided into three particle size intervals, i.e., less than or equal to 0.075-0.150 mm, less than or equal to 13-20 mm and greater than 0.075-0.150 mm, and greater than 13-20 mm, which are respectively denoted as sample B1, sample B2 and sample B3.

5. The method of analysis of gold occurrence in heap leach samples according to claim 4, characterised in that, The specific process of step S3 is as follows: The samples B2 and B3 are screened by a hydrocyclone to obtain coarse particles, and then washed by a 0.150 mm screen, and the screened liquid and fine particles are combined into the sample B1. The combined sample and each sample after screening are respectively marked as C m , wherein m is 1, 2 and 3, respectively, and cm is the mass of the combined sample of the fine particles and the sample B1, the sample B2 and the sample B3 after screening by the hydrocyclone. The yield is denoted as Di, and the calculation formula is Di = cm / ∑cm; wherein i represents 1, 2 and 3, which are the sample numbers of each particle size sample after washing by the hydrocyclone.

6. The method of analysis of gold occurrence in heap leach samples according to claim 5, characterised in that, In step S4, the different strength step-by-step chemical leaching operation specifically includes: The sample C1 representing the fine particle size is subjected to stirring leaching, and the leaching residue sample is denoted as E1; The sample C2 representing the medium particle size is subjected to rolling bottle leaching, and the leaching residue sample is denoted as E2; The sample C3 representing the coarse particle size is subjected to heap column leaching, and the leaching residue sample is denoted as E3.

7. The method of analysis of gold occurrence in heap leach samples according to claim 6, characterised in that, The specific process of step S5 is as follows: the samples E1 and E2 and sample C3 are respectively sampled, roasted at 400-500 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 h, and the roasted yield is recorded as km; Each sample after roasting is subjected to secondary leaching operation, carbon adsorption gold-carbon replacement, and the bottom carbon is more than 20 g / L, and leaching residue samples Fm are obtained.

8. The method of analysis of gold occurrence in heap leach samples according to claim 7, characterised in that, The samples E1 and F1 are reselected respectively, and the reselection yield is controlled as t2 and 0.5xt2; the corresponding reselection concentrates are recorded as H E1 and H F1 respectively; the reselection tailings are recorded as H E2 and H F2 respectively; the total analysis reselection concentrate H E1 and H F1 gold grade is recorded as hE1 g / t and hF1 g / t respectively; t2 is controlled between 0.01% and 0.05%.

9. The method of analysis of gold occurrence in heap leach samples according to claim 8, characterised in that, In step S7, sample H is prepared in the following proportions from sample E3 E2 and E2 to give a mixture L1: M HE2 = 10 x c1 / c3 kg, M E2 = 10 x c2 / c3 kg; C1 is the sample B1 of undersize fine particle size combined with the sample of fine particle size after washing by the hydrocyclone and screening, and c1 is the mass of C1; C2 is the sample B2 of intermediate particle size after hydrocyclone screening, and c2 is the mass of C2; C3 is the sample B3 of coarse particle size after hydrocyclone screening, and c3 is the mass of C3; The mixed sample L1 is subjected to reselection, and the reselection yield is t3, and the reselected concentrate and the reselected tailings are respectively recorded as E 31 and E 32 ; the total analysis of the reselected concentrate E 31 is carried out, and the gold grade of the reselected tailings E 32 is sampled and analyzed, and the gold grades are respectively recorded as e31 g / t and e32 g / t; The gold grade M3 of the mixed sample L1 is calculated, and the calculation formula is M3 = t3×e31 + (1-t3)×e32 g / t; In sample F3, sample H was added in the following proportions F2 and F2 to obtain the mixture L2: M HF2 = 10 x cl / c3 x kl kg, M F2 = 10 x c2 / c3 x k2 kg; k1 is the mass ratio of sample E1 after sampling and roasting to that before roasting; k2 is the mass ratio of sample E2 after sampling and roasting to that before roasting; The mixed sample L2 was subjected to gravity separation, with a gravity separation yield of t4. The gravity separation concentrate and gravity separation tailings were denoted as F, respectively. 31 and F 32 Full analysis of gravity concentrate F 31 Gold grade, sampling analysis of gravity separation tailings F 32 The gold grades are denoted as f31 g / t and f32 g / t, respectively; The gold grade M4 of the mixed sample L2 is calculated, and the calculation formula is M4 = t4×f31 + (1-t4)×f32 g / t.

10. A heap leaching process optimisation method characterised by, It comprises: using the analysis method of gold occurrence state of heap leaching sample according to any one of claims 1-9 to analyze the gold occurrence state of the ore to be treated, and obtaining the distribution proportion of coarse gold, leachable gold, wrapped gold and adsorbed gold; and according to the distribution proportion, adjusting at least one process parameter of the heap leaching process, the process parameter including crushing particle size, leaching time, leaching reagent dosage, calcium oxide dosage, calcium oxide pretreatment time or whether to increase the roasting pretreatment process.

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