Power adapter power scheduling method and system based on bidirectional handshake

Abstract

This invention discloses a power scheduling method and system for power adapters based on bidirectional handshake, belonging to the field of power scheduling technology. It includes: S1, real-time acquisition of port power data and preprocessing of the port power data; S2, determination of port abnormal states, generation of abnormality type identifiers, extraction of real-time port power data to assess the degree of port abnormality, and determination of the port abnormal state; S3, when the port is in a persistent abnormal state, performing power degradation scheduling until the port abnormal state is updated to a recoverable abnormality, then entering a backoff timing process and triggering bidirectional handshake renegotiation; S4, continuous monitoring of port status, generation of user-side indication signals, and dynamic adjustment of the determination threshold based on historical port power data. This solves the problem that traditional power adapters rely too heavily on hard disconnection in port abnormality handling, lacking degradation-based power supply and self-healing control, resulting in the inability to quickly recover from minor abnormalities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power scheduling technology, specifically to a power scheduling method and system for power adapters based on bidirectional handshake. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the growing demand for multi-port fast charging and USB-PD / UFCS protocols in scenarios where mobile terminals, laptops and peripherals use power in parallel, existing technologies generally adopt multi-port adapters and bus-level power distribution architectures to perform closed-loop control of port output voltage / current and implement basic overcurrent and overtemperature protection on the port side.

[0003] For example, the invention disclosed in CN119401376A provides a power scheduling method, apparatus, medium, controller, and product for a parallel power supply system. The parallel power supply system includes two or more power modules connected in parallel. The power scheduling method includes: after the parallel power supply system reaches a steady state, calculating the expected output power of each power module using a heuristic optimization algorithm based on the approximate efficiency characteristic curve of each of the two or more power modules; calculating a second load error adjustment amount for each power module based on the calculated expected output power and the actual output power of each power module; and performing load distribution control for each power module in the parallel power supply system based on the determined second load error adjustment amount for each power module.

[0004] For example, the invention with publication number CN119341118A provides a distributed power source scheduling optimization method and system, which relates to the field of scheduling optimization technology. The method includes: performing variational mode decomposition on historical data of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, and load to obtain stationary subsequences; performing power prediction on the stationary subsequences to obtain predicted values ​​of power generation and load demand; constructing a multi-objective optimization scheduling model using the predicted values ​​of power generation and load demand; solving the optimization model of the objective optimization scheduling model to obtain the optimal solution; obtaining a microgrid scheduling strategy and determining the output power reference value of the distributed power source; adjusting the output power reference value and implementing microgrid scheduling.

[0005] However, existing parallel systems and distributed power dispatching are mostly focused on module-level efficiency optimization or grid-friendly output optimization, lacking port-level anomaly identification for multi-port adapters, renegotiation based on protocol handshake, and cross-port transient coordination capabilities; and have not yet formed a closed-loop self-healing mechanism for typical user-side anomalies such as port short circuits / over-temperature / poor contact, which can be quantified for assessment, limit-down and degraded power supply, backoff and retry, and user-side visual indication.

[0006] Therefore, in order to address the above problems, there is an urgent need for a power adapter power scheduling method and system based on two-way handshake. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a power scheduling method and system for power adapters based on bidirectional handshake. This solves the problem that traditional power adapters rely too heavily on hard disconnection in port anomaly handling, lack degradation and self-healing control, and thus cannot quickly recover from minor anomalies.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The power scheduling method for power adapters based on bidirectional handshake includes: S1, real-time acquisition of port power data, and performing time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing, and numerical standardization on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data; S2, determining the abnormal state of the port based on the preprocessed port power data, generating an abnormality type identifier, extracting real-time port power data to assess the degree of port abnormality after determining the abnormality type, determining the abnormal state of the port, and constructing an abnormality parameter set; S3, receiving the abnormality parameter set, and when the port is in a continuous abnormal state, performing power degradation scheduling according to the abnormality type until the port abnormality state is updated to a recoverable abnormality, entering the backoff timing process and triggering bidirectional handshake renegotiation; S4, monitoring the port status during power scheduling and generating user-side indication signals, and dynamically correcting the judgment threshold based on historical port power data when the same type of abnormality occurs consecutively, thereby realizing closed-loop control of power scheduling.

[0010] Furthermore, the port power data is acquired in real time, and time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing, and numerical standardization are performed on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data. The specific steps are as follows: Real-time acquisition of port power data from the power adapter, including port output voltage, port output current, bus current, bus voltage, port temperature, bus temperature, handshake communication status code, and handshake power request value; For the acquired port power data, a unified time base correction is performed using a timestamp resampling algorithm to ensure all data is aligned under the same time base; The port power data is smoothed using a moving average filtering algorithm to suppress high-frequency noise and transient jitter; Missing points in the port power data caused by sampling packet loss and communication interruption are compensated using a linear interpolation algorithm; The port power data is dynamically smoothed using an exponentially weighted moving average algorithm to reduce historical lag effects; Finally, the port power data is numerically standardized using a Z-Score standardization algorithm to unify the numerical scale and eliminate dimensional differences.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps for determining port abnormal states and generating abnormality type identifiers based on preprocessed port power data are as follows: A fixed-length sliding time window is set as a determination period. Within each determination period, based on the preprocessed port power data, the port output voltage drop rate and port output current rise rate are calculated. When either the port output voltage drop rate exceeds a voltage drop rate threshold or the port output current rise rate exceeds a current rise rate threshold, the abnormality determination process is initiated to determine the port abnormal state and generate an abnormality type identifier: When the port output voltage is below the voltage threshold and the port output current is above the current threshold for a duration exceeding the determination period time window length, it is marked as a short-circuit abnormality; when either the port temperature or the bus temperature exceeds a temperature threshold, it is marked as an over-temperature abnormality; when the handshake communication status code presents an interruption or failure code, it is marked as a contact abnormality.

[0012] Further, the specific steps for extracting real-time port power data to assess the port anomaly level are as follows: Multiply the port output voltage and port output current, differentiate with respect to time, take the absolute value, and multiply by the judgment period time window length to obtain the port power change; divide the port power change by the product of the bus voltage and bus current to obtain the power disturbance normalization term; subtract the temperature threshold from the port temperature and bus temperature respectively, add them together, and divide the sum by the difference between the port rated temperature and the temperature threshold to obtain the temperature offset ratio; use the temperature offset ratio as an exponent, take the power function value with base e, to obtain the thermal coupling amplification term; multiply the power disturbance normalization term and the thermal coupling amplification term to obtain the anomaly level assessment value.

[0013] Further, the specific steps for determining the abnormal state of a port and constructing an abnormal parameter set are as follows: Extract the abnormality assessment values ​​of the current determination period and the previous determination period, perform differential calculation and take a moving average to obtain the abnormal trend coefficient; when the abnormality assessment value is less than or equal to the abnormal threshold, the port is determined to be in a transient disturbance state; when the abnormality assessment value is greater than the abnormal threshold and the trend coefficient is positive, the current port is marked as a continuous abnormal state; when the abnormality assessment value is greater than the abnormal threshold and the trend coefficient is non-positive, the current port is marked as a recoverable abnormal state; construct an abnormal parameter set based on the port number, abnormality type identifier, abnormality assessment value, abnormal trend coefficient and port abnormal state of each port; and when the abnormality assessment value is lower than the abnormal threshold and the trend coefficient is negative for N consecutive determination periods, automatically clear the abnormality type identifier and port abnormal state of the corresponding port.

[0014] Furthermore, when a port is in a continuous abnormal state, power degradation scheduling is performed according to the abnormality type until the port's abnormal state is updated to a recoverable abnormal state. The specific steps for entering the backoff timing process and triggering a two-way handshake renegotiation are as follows: Receive the abnormal parameter set, read the abnormality type identifier, abnormality severity assessment value, abnormality trend coefficient, and port abnormal state for each port, and calculate the current total output power of the bus in real time based on the port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, and bus current. Calculate the remaining bus power by subtracting the adapter's rated power from the current total bus output power. When any port is in a continuous abnormal state, extract the corresponding abnormality type identifier. If it is a short-circuit abnormality, set the port's output power limit to zero and enter isolation monitoring, not participating in power allocation. If it is an over-temperature abnormality or a contact abnormality, enter the power degradation and continuation mode: calculate the power limiting ratio coefficient based on the port's abnormality trend coefficient, and apply the limiting ratio coefficient to the corresponding port's rated power to obtain the port power limiting value. Then compare the port power limiting value with the remaining bus power, and take the smaller of the two. The output power limit is set as the upper limit of the port. When the handshake power request value is higher than the output power limit, the output power is set to the upper limit; otherwise, the original handshake power request value is maintained. During the power degradation and continuation process, the anomaly assessment value is continuously calculated and the port anomaly status is determined according to the judgment period. When the port status is detected to become a recoverable anomaly status, the power degradation and continuation mode is exited and the backoff timing process is entered. After entering the backoff timing process, the backoff period is set according to the anomaly trend coefficient. After the backoff period ends, the two-way handshake is triggered to renegotiate. When the handshake communication is normal and the real-time anomaly assessment value is lower than the previous judgment period, the output power limit is restored according to the linear increment strategy until the safe upper limit power is reached. When the handshake fails, the backoff period is extended and the degradation and continuation are maintained until the maximum number of backoff times is reached. In the backoff timing process, the real-time port power data and the anomaly assessment value are extracted to calculate the recovery judgment assessment value. When the recovery judgment assessment value is positive and the anomaly assessment value is lower than the anomaly threshold for M consecutive judgment periods, the amplitude limiting control is released and normal power scheduling is restored; otherwise, the current power scheduling strategy is maintained.

[0015] Further, the specific steps for calculating the power limiting ratio coefficient are as follows: Multiply the ratio of the abnormal trend coefficient to the abnormality assessment value divided by the abnormality threshold, take the negative number as the exponent, and calculate the power function value with base e to obtain the abnormality suppression term; add one to the ratio of the bus remaining power to the adapter rated power and take the natural logarithm to obtain the power load margin term; subtract the bus temperature from the port temperature and divide it by the difference between the temperature threshold and the port rated temperature, take the hyperbolic tangent function value of the obtained ratio, and subtract the obtained hyperbolic tangent function value by one to obtain the temperature correction term; finally, multiply the abnormality suppression term, the power load margin term, and the temperature correction term in sequence to obtain the limiting ratio coefficient.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps for extracting real-time port power data and anomaly assessment values ​​to calculate the recovery judgment assessment value in the backoff timing process are as follows: Multiply the port output voltage and port output current, divide by the product of bus voltage and bus current, add one to the ratio, and take the natural logarithm to obtain the port power recovery term; subtract the ratio of the anomaly assessment value to the anomaly threshold from one to obtain the anomaly attenuation term; subtract the temperature threshold from the port temperature and bus temperature respectively, add them together, and divide the sum by the difference between the port rated temperature and the temperature threshold to obtain the temperature offset ratio; add the power recovery term, the anomaly attenuation term, and the temperature offset ratio, and then input them into the hyperbolic tangent function to obtain the recovery judgment assessment value.

[0017] Furthermore, during power scheduling, the port status is monitored, and user-side indication signals are generated. When the same type of anomaly occurs consecutively, the judgment threshold is dynamically adjusted based on historical port power data. The specific steps for achieving closed-loop control of power scheduling are as follows: Real-time monitoring of the abnormal status of each port, and dynamic generation of user indication information based on the anomaly type identifier, anomaly severity assessment value, and recovery judgment assessment value: When a port is in a continuous abnormal state, the user indication terminal emits a red flashing signal and displays the port number and anomaly type; when a port is in a recoverable abnormal state, a yellow solid light signal is displayed to indicate port recovery; when the port returns to normal, a green solid light signal is displayed; when the same type of anomaly is detected to occur consecutively within multiple judgment cycles, the historical data of the corresponding port's output voltage, port output current, and port temperature are automatically extracted, and combined with the anomaly trend coefficient and anomaly severity assessment value for fitting analysis, and the voltage threshold, current threshold, and temperature threshold are dynamically adjusted.

[0018] The second aspect of this invention provides a power adapter power scheduling system based on bidirectional handshake, comprising: a data acquisition and preprocessing module, an anomaly identification parameter construction module, a power scheduling renegotiation module, and a status indication closed-loop feedback module, wherein: the data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire port power data in real time and perform time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing, and numerical standardization on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data; the anomaly identification parameter construction module is used to determine the port abnormal state based on the preprocessed port power data, generate an anomaly type identifier, extract real-time port power data after determining the anomaly type to evaluate the degree of port anomaly, determine the port abnormal state, and construct an anomaly parameter set; the power scheduling renegotiation module is used to receive the anomaly parameter set, and when the port is in a continuous abnormal state, perform power degradation scheduling according to the anomaly type until the port abnormal state is updated to a recoverable anomaly, then enter the backoff timing process and trigger bidirectional handshake renegotiation; the status indication closed-loop feedback module is used to monitor the port state during power scheduling and generate user-side indication signals, and dynamically correct the judgment threshold based on historical port power data when the same type of anomaly occurs consecutively, thereby realizing closed-loop control of power scheduling.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) The power scheduling method and system for power adapters based on bidirectional handshake calculates the anomaly assessment value and anomaly trend coefficient on the preprocessed port power data, thereby realizing real-time determination of three types of states: short circuit anomaly, over-temperature anomaly, and contact anomaly. This mechanism integrates power disturbance characteristics with temperature coupling characteristics to form a quantifiable anomaly identification standard, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of port anomaly identification.

[0021] (2) The power adapter power scheduling method and system based on bidirectional handshake, through a dynamic power scheduling algorithm based on anomaly parameter sets, performs power degradation and resumes supply when a continuous abnormal state of the port is detected, and enters the backoff timing and bidirectional handshake renegotiation process when the abnormal state can be recovered. This process combines the abnormal trend coefficient and the recovery judgment evaluation value to ensure that the power output gradually recovers within a safe range and prevents bus impact or thermal imbalance caused by sudden changes.

[0022] (3) The power adapter power scheduling method and system based on bidirectional handshake monitors the port operating status in real time during the power scheduling process. When the same type of abnormality occurs continuously, it automatically extracts historical port power data and performs fitting analysis based on the abnormality trend coefficient and the abnormality degree evaluation value. It dynamically corrects the voltage threshold, current threshold and temperature threshold so that the judgment criteria can adapt to the operating characteristics and ensure the continuous optimization of the scheduling strategy.

[0023] (4) The power adapter power scheduling method and system based on bidirectional handshake achieves closed-loop control of power adapter power scheduling through the coordinated action of four continuous links: data acquisition, anomaly identification, power scheduling, and status feedback. The system has degradation protection capability in abnormal conditions, gradual recovery characteristics in the recovery phase, and self-correction capability in long-term operation, thereby ensuring the power output safety, dynamic stability, and energy utilization efficiency under multi-port operation conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The flowchart shows a power scheduling method for power adapters based on bidirectional handshake.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a power adapter power dispatching system based on bidirectional handshake.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of power degradation and recovery control based on two-way handshake.

[0027] Figure 4 To restore the trend of the assessment value changes. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-4 This invention provides a technical solution: a power adapter power scheduling method and system based on bidirectional handshake, comprising: S1, real-time acquisition of port power data, and performing time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing and numerical standardization on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data; S2, determining the abnormal state of the port based on the preprocessed port power data, generating an abnormality type identifier, extracting real-time port power data after determining the abnormality type to evaluate the degree of port abnormality, determining the abnormal state of the port, and constructing an abnormality parameter set; S3, receiving the abnormality parameter set, and when the port is in a continuous abnormal state, performing power degradation scheduling according to the abnormality type until the port abnormality state is updated to a recoverable abnormality, entering the backoff timing process and triggering bidirectional handshake renegotiation; S4, monitoring the port status during power scheduling and generating user-side indication signals, and dynamically correcting the judgment threshold based on historical port power data when the same type of abnormality occurs consecutively, thereby realizing closed-loop control of power scheduling.

[0030] Specifically, the process involves real-time acquisition of port power data, followed by time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing, and numerical standardization to obtain preprocessed port power data. The steps are as follows: Real-time acquisition of port power data from the power adapter, including port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, bus current, port temperature, bus temperature, handshake communication status code, and handshake power request value. Specifically, port output voltage is acquired through a port voltage detection circuit; port output current through a port current detection circuit; bus voltage through a bus voltage sensor; bus current through a bus current sensor; port temperature through a port temperature sensor; bus temperature through a bus temperature sensor; handshake communication status code through a communication detection unit; and handshake power request value through real-time parsing of the handshake communication link. During the acquisition process, a fixed sampling time interval is set and the corresponding timestamp is recorded to ensure the continuity of each power data point in the time series, guaranteeing the synchronous consistency and data integrity of the sampling results for voltage, current, temperature, and communication status. For the collected port power data, a unified time base correction is first performed using a timestamp resampling algorithm. This realigns the port output voltage and current, bus voltage and current, and port temperature and bus temperature signals to the same time base, eliminating time offsets during sampling and ensuring that power, temperature, and communication data strictly correspond at the same moment, thus guaranteeing the timing accuracy of subsequent calculations. After time base correction, a moving average filtering algorithm is used to smooth the port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, and bus current. A window weighting method is used to reduce high-frequency noise and transient jitter, making the voltage and current signal trends more stable. For port temperature and bus temperature, a weighted smoothing method is used to reduce sampling fluctuations, making the heat change recording more stable and avoiding the impact of instantaneous temperature changes on subsequent judgment results. When missing port power data is detected due to sampling loss, data interruption, or communication anomalies, a linear interpolation algorithm is used to compensate for the missing data. The missing data is calculated based on the time interval and numerical trend of adjacent valid sampling points, restoring the continuous changes in port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, bus current, port temperature, and bus temperature. This ensures the overall time series remains complete and smooth, avoiding discontinuities or abrupt changes in the power curve. After compensation, an exponentially weighted moving average algorithm is applied to the repaired power data, making the port power signal more sensitive to load changes and maintaining its dynamic characteristics of real-time changes. The same weighting method is used for temperature data to enhance the real-time tracking capability of temperature trend changes and improve the accuracy of reflecting thermal state changes.Finally, the port power data after dynamic smoothing is numerically standardized. A standardization method based on mean and standard deviation is adopted to convert the range of voltage, current, power, temperature and communication request values ​​into a unified dimension, eliminate the scale difference between different physical quantities, and make all data comparable and consistent. This provides a unified, stable and directly applicable standardized data foundation for subsequent anomaly identification and power scheduling.

[0031] In this implementation scheme, by synchronously acquiring and uniformly processing port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, bus current, port temperature, bus temperature, handshake communication status code, and handshake power request value, the sampled signals maintain a strict correspondence in the time dimension, eliminating timing deviations between data. Through continuous processing such as moving average, linear interpolation, exponential weighting, and standardization, the stability, completeness, and comparability of port power data are significantly improved. Random noise in the data is effectively reduced, sampling gaps are smoothly compensated, and dynamic response characteristics remain consistent. This processing flow improves the accuracy and reliability of real-time power acquisition, enabling subsequent anomaly identification, power assessment, and scheduling calculations to be based on high-precision input data, achieving a true reflection and continuous tracking of changing trends during power control.

[0032] Specifically, the steps for determining port abnormalities and generating anomaly type identifiers based on preprocessed port power data are as follows: A fixed-length sliding time window is set as a determination period. Within each determination period, calculations are performed based on the preprocessed port power data. First, the rate of decrease of the continuously sampled port output voltage and the rate of increase of the continuously sampled port output current are calculated within the determination period. To ensure the accuracy of the rate calculation, the voltage and current sampling points must maintain a consistent time base, and all data are calculated using a differential method between adjacent time points to obtain the instantaneous rate of change. After calculation, the rate of decrease of the port output voltage is compared with a voltage decrease rate threshold, and the rate of increase of the port output current is compared with a current increase rate threshold. When any comparison result exceeds the corresponding threshold, the anomaly determination process begins. In the anomaly determination process, the port abnormality is determined based on the comprehensive performance of voltage, current, temperature, and communication status within the current period. Specifically, when the duration of the port output voltage being lower than the voltage threshold and the port output current being higher than the current threshold exceeds the length of the determination period time window, the abnormality of the port is recorded and marked as a short-circuit anomaly. When a port temperature sample value or a bus temperature sample value exceeds a temperature threshold within the judgment period, the corresponding port's abnormal information is recorded and marked as an over-temperature abnormality. When the sampling result of the handshake communication status code shows a communication interruption state or a handshake failure state, it is determined that the current port has a communication abnormality and is marked as a contact abnormality. The identification of communication abnormalities is based on the continuity detection result of the handshake signal. When the handshake signal does not respond or returns an error status code within the set judgment period, the contact abnormality flag is triggered. Through the above judgment steps, the port output voltage, port output current, port temperature, bus temperature, and handshake communication status are jointly analyzed within each judgment period to form a real-time identification process for port abnormal states. Finally, a corresponding abnormality type flag is generated for subsequent abnormality assessment and power scheduling decisions.

[0033] In this implementation scheme, by synchronously determining the port output voltage drop rate, port output current rise rate, port temperature, bus temperature, and handshake communication status code within a fixed determination period, the identification process of port abnormal states becomes real-time and hierarchical. This method achieves multi-dimensional joint determination based on rate thresholds, temperature thresholds, and communication status within a continuous time sequence after data preprocessing, accurately distinguishing between short-circuit anomalies, over-temperature anomalies, and contact anomalies. Through duration judgment and continuous sampling verification, misjudgments caused by transient disturbances are avoided, improving the stability and reliability of anomaly identification results. This allows the power scheduling process to dynamically respond based on actual abnormal states, thereby ensuring the safety and continuity of port power allocation.

[0034] Specifically, the steps for extracting real-time port power data to assess the degree of port anomalies are as follows: First, preprocessed data of port output voltage and current are multiplied point-by-point over time to obtain a continuous sequence of instantaneous port power changes. Second, the time derivative of this instantaneous power sequence is calculated to obtain a rate curve of power change over time, using a central difference method to reduce numerical jitter. Third, the absolute value of the derivative is multiplied by the length of the judgment period time window to obtain the port power change, which characterizes the intensity of power fluctuations within a unit period. Fourth, the port power change is divided by the product of the bus voltage and bus current to obtain a power disturbance normalization term. This normalization calculation uses bus power as a benchmark to reflect the relative magnitude of port power changes relative to bus power changes, ensuring that power disturbances between different ports can be compared on a uniform scale under multi-port operation conditions, avoiding interference caused by bus load fluctuations. Fifth, the port temperature and bus temperature are subtracted from a temperature threshold and then added together. The sum is then divided by the difference between the port's rated temperature and the temperature threshold to obtain a temperature deviation ratio, which describes the degree to which heat deviates from the safe operating range. Using the temperature deviation ratio as an exponent, a power function value with the natural constant e as the base is obtained to derive a thermal coupling amplification term. This term enhances the weight of temperature factors on power disturbances, making anomalies under thermal imbalance conditions more prominent and ensuring that the sensitivity of anomaly identification in high-temperature or heat accumulation environments is not masked by power stability. Multiplying the power disturbance normalization term by the thermal coupling amplification term yields an anomaly severity assessment value, which quantifies the combined intensity of port power fluctuations and temperature deviations, serving as a crucial basis for subsequent port status assessments.

[0035] The specific formula for calculating the anomaly assessment value is as follows:

[0036] ;

[0037] In the formula, Indicates the assessment value of the degree of abnormality. Indicates the length of the decision period time window. Indicates the port output voltage. Indicates the port output current. Indicates bus voltage. Indicates the bus current. Indicates port temperature. Indicates the busbar temperature. Indicates the temperature threshold. Indicates the port's rated temperature.

[0038] In this implementation scheme, an anomaly assessment mechanism centered on power variation and thermal offset is established by jointly calculating port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, bus current, port temperature, and bus temperature under the same time reference. This mechanism transforms the coupling relationship between power disturbance and temperature into quantifiable indicators, enabling dynamic identification of composite anomalies involving power fluctuations and thermal imbalances. Through normalization and exponential amplification calculations, a refined assessment of port operating status under different loads and heat dissipation conditions is achieved, improving the sensitivity and differentiation of anomaly detection. This allows power scheduling to be precisely adjusted based on more representative real-time data, ensuring the stability and thermal safety of port operation.

[0039] Specifically, the steps for determining the abnormal state of a port and constructing an abnormal parameter set are as follows: Before entering the determination process, the integrity of the preprocessed data for the current determination period is checked, and samples with discontinuous timestamps and obvious out-of-bounds samples are removed before participating in the calculation; the abnormality assessment values ​​of the current determination period and the previous determination period are extracted, and after differential calculation, a moving average is taken to obtain the abnormal trend coefficient. The moving average window length maintains a fixed mapping relationship with the determination period length to reduce the impact of single-point jitter; when the abnormality assessment value is less than or equal to the abnormal threshold, the port is in a transient disturbance state. To avoid frequent jitter, a minimum dwell time is set at the state transition point, and the number of consecutive satisfactions is recorded; when the abnormality assessment value is greater than the abnormal threshold and the trend coefficient is positive, the current port is marked as a continuous abnormal state. Simultaneously, the reference baseline from the previous normal state is frozen for subsequent recovery assessment. When the anomaly severity assessment value is greater than the anomaly threshold and the trend coefficient is non-positive, the current port is marked as a recoverable anomaly state, and the initial count value required for backoff timing is started to facilitate subsequent renegotiation. An anomaly parameter set is constructed based on the port number, anomaly type identifier, anomaly severity assessment value, anomaly trend coefficient, and port anomaly state of each port, with a timestamp and judgment period number attached during generation to ensure traceability consistency. When the anomaly severity assessment value is lower than the anomaly threshold and the trend coefficient is negative for N consecutive judgment periods, the anomaly type identifier and port anomaly state of the corresponding port are automatically cleared, and the dwell count and reference baseline associated with that port are reset to ensure that the clearing operation is consistent with the actual operating state. Here, N is a positive integer greater than one.

[0040] In this implementation scheme, by jointly analyzing the anomaly severity assessment value and the anomaly trend coefficient within a continuous judgment period, the identification results of port anomaly states are made more dynamic and consistent. This method achieves smooth extraction of the anomaly change direction through differential and moving average calculations, effectively distinguishing between transient disturbances, persistent anomalies, and recoverable anomalies. The continuous periodic judgment and automatic clearing strategy endows anomaly states with self-healing characteristics, avoiding the accumulation of misjudgments caused by short-term fluctuations. The anomaly parameter set constructed based on port number, anomaly type identifier, anomaly severity assessment value, anomaly trend coefficient, and port anomaly state provides traceable and updatable data for subsequent power scheduling and state backoff, improving the accuracy and process stability of anomaly management.

[0041] Specifically, upon receiving the abnormal parameter set, when the port is in a persistent abnormal state, power degradation scheduling is performed according to the abnormality type until the port's abnormal state is updated to a recoverable abnormality. The specific steps for entering the backoff timing process and triggering a two-way handshake renegotiation are as follows: Figure 3As shown, after receiving the abnormal parameter set, the system sequentially reads the abnormal type identifier, abnormality assessment value, abnormal trend coefficient, and port abnormal status of each port, and synchronizes the data according to the time sequence to ensure that the abnormal information and real-time power data correspond within the same judgment period. Based on the real-time collected port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, and bus current, the system calculates the current total output power of the bus. Simultaneously, using the adapter's rated power as a reference, the system calculates the adapter's rated power minus the current total output power of the bus to obtain the remaining power of the bus, which is used for subsequent power allocation and limiting judgment. When any port is in a continuous abnormal state, the corresponding abnormal type identifier is immediately extracted. If the abnormal type identifier is a short-circuit abnormality, the upper limit of the port's output power is set to zero, and the port enters an isolation monitoring state. During isolation, only the handshake communication status code is polled; the port does not participate in power allocation calculations to prevent instantaneous bus current overload. If the abnormal type identifier is an over-temperature abnormality or a contact abnormality, the system enters a power degradation and continuation mode. The system calculates the power limiting ratio coefficient based on the port's abnormal trend coefficient and applies this coefficient to the rated power of the corresponding port to obtain the port power limiting value. After the power limiting calculation, the port power limit value is compared with the remaining bus power in real time, and the smaller of the two is taken as the upper limit of the port's output power to ensure that the total bus power does not exceed the safe range. When the handshake power request value is higher than the upper limit of the output power, the upper limit of the output power is output; when the handshake power request value is lower than the upper limit of the output power, the original handshake power request value is maintained to keep the power supply stable. During the power degradation and resumption process, the anomaly assessment value is continuously calculated according to the judgment period and the port anomaly status is re-judged to ensure that the degradation control has dynamic update capability. When the port status is detected to change from continuous anomaly to recoverable anomaly, the power degradation and resumption mode is automatically exited and the backoff timing process is entered. After entering the backoff timing process, the backoff period is set according to the anomaly trend coefficient. The period length is proportional to the anomaly persistence to realize a gradual recovery strategy. After the backoff period ends, the bidirectional handshake renegotiation process is automatically triggered, the handshake communication status code is extracted, and the handshake communication status is verified and synchronized. When the handshake communication status is normal and the real-time anomaly assessment value is lower than the previous judgment period, the output power upper limit is restored according to a linear incremental strategy, increasing by a fixed percentage each period until the safe upper limit power is reached. The safe upper limit power is calculated based on the adapter's rated power, bus voltage, bus current, and port thermal balance status, and is used to limit the highest boundary of output power restoration, ensuring that the restoration process is both linearly smooth and does not exceed thermal and electrical safety limits. When the handshake communication status is abnormal or the handshake fails, the backoff period is extended while maintaining the current power degradation and continued supply status, repeating the detection until the maximum number of backoff attempts is reached.The maximum backoff count limit limits the number of times the backoff timing process can be executed in the event of consecutive handshake failures. Its value is set based on the adapter's rated power, the number of ports, and historical communication handshake stability. This prevents repeated entry into the backoff loop during continuous communication anomalies, which could cause power control lag. Once the maximum backoff count limit is reached, the port remains in a power degradation and renegotiation is paused until the communication link is detected to have returned to normal. During the backoff timing process, real-time port power data and anomaly assessment values ​​are continuously extracted, and a recovery judgment assessment value is calculated. If the recovery judgment assessment value is positive and the anomaly assessment value is below the anomaly threshold for M consecutive judgment periods, power limiting control is lifted and normal power scheduling is restored. If the recovery judgment assessment value is non-positive, the current power scheduling strategy is maintained to prevent premature recovery and power surges. Here, M is a positive integer greater than one.

[0042] In this implementation scheme, a dynamic response mechanism based on anomaly parameter sets is introduced during power scheduling, enabling adaptive degradation and recovery control of port output power according to the anomaly type and trend coefficient. This method achieves safe power supply under abnormal conditions through multi-layered strategies such as short-circuit anomaly isolation, over-temperature anomaly limiting, and contact anomaly continuation. Simultaneously, real-time comparison of the bus's remaining power and the port's rated power ensures power allocation remains within a safe range. The coordination of backoff timing and bidirectional handshake renegotiation provides delayed verification and communication calibration characteristics for power recovery, preventing power surges caused by premature recovery. By continuously calculating anomaly severity and recovery judgment values, a closed-loop connection between power degradation, maintenance, and recovery is achieved, enhancing the stability and reliability of the scheduling process and ensuring continuous safe output from the power adapter during multi-port operation.

[0043] Specifically, the steps for calculating the power limiting ratio are as follows: Multiply the abnormal trend coefficient by the ratio of the abnormality assessment value to the abnormal threshold, taking the negative number as the exponent. Then calculate the power function value with the natural constant e as the base to obtain the abnormality suppression term, which reflects the degree of suppression of power output by abnormal changes. Add one to the ratio of the bus remaining power to the adapter rated power, and take the natural logarithm to obtain the power load margin term, which describes the adjustable range of the current load relative to the rated capacity. Subtract the bus temperature from the port temperature, then divide by the difference between the temperature threshold and the port rated temperature. Take the hyperbolic tangent function value of the resulting ratio, and subtract one from the obtained hyperbolic tangent function value to obtain the temperature correction term. During the calculation, the temperature data must be real-time values ​​after dynamic smoothing to ensure that the temperature difference calculation reflects the actual changes in the port's thermal state. The temperature correction term is used to mitigate the power limit caused by temperature rise, ensuring output safety during the temperature rise phase. Finally, multiply the abnormality suppression term, the power load margin term, and the temperature correction term sequentially to obtain the limiting ratio, which constrains the maximum output power of the port under abnormal conditions.

[0044] The specific formula for calculating the amplitude limit ratio coefficient is as follows:

[0045] ;

[0046] In the formula, K represents the limiting ratio coefficient. Indicates the abnormal trend coefficient. Indicates the assessment value of the degree of abnormality. Indicates the abnormal threshold. Indicates the remaining power of the busbar. Indicates the rated power of the adapter. Indicates port temperature. Indicates the busbar temperature. Indicates the temperature threshold. Indicates the port's rated temperature.

[0047] In this implementation plan, a limiting ratio calculation method based on anomaly trend coefficient, anomaly severity assessment value, bus remaining power, and temperature difference is established to enable adaptive adjustment characteristics in the power regulation process. This method dynamically suppresses power output under abnormal conditions through an anomaly suppression term to prevent instantaneous power overshoot; it reflects the bus power margin through a power load margin term, enabling the allocation process to automatically match the current power supply capacity; and it suppresses power release at high temperatures through a temperature correction term, ensuring port thermal balance safety. The combined effect of these three factors allows the limiting ratio calculation results to reflect the port operating status and environmental conditions in real time, enhancing the flexible adjustment capability and thermal stability of power dispatch, and improving the continuous power supply safety of the power adapter under complex operating conditions.

[0048] Specifically, the steps for extracting real-time port power data and anomaly assessment value to calculate recovery judgment assessment value in the backoff timing process are as follows: multiply the port output voltage and port output current, divide by the product of bus voltage and bus current, add one to the ratio, and take the natural logarithm to obtain the port power recovery term. To avoid distorting the ratio due to the denominator approaching zero, a lower limit is set for the product of bus voltage and bus current, and saturation clipping is applied. The calculation result of the port power recovery term is recorded with the corresponding timestamp and used for subsequent continuity verification. The abnormal attenuation term is obtained by subtracting the ratio of the abnormality assessment value to the abnormality threshold from one. The temperature offset ratio is obtained by subtracting the temperature threshold from the port temperature and the bus temperature respectively and then adding them together. The sum is then divided by the difference between the port rated temperature and the temperature threshold. The temperature data uses the real-time value after dynamic smoothing. The difference between the port rated temperature and the temperature threshold must be positive. If it is not positive, the output of this cycle will maintain the value of the previous moment and record the alarm mark. The power recovery term, the abnormal attenuation term, and the temperature offset ratio are added together and then fed into the hyperbolic tangent function for calculation to obtain the recovery judgment assessment value. Among them, in order to suppress the numerical amplification caused by extreme values, a safety upper limit and a safety lower limit are set for the input of the hyperbolic tangent function so that the recovery judgment assessment value falls within the range of negative one to one, and is archived together with the judgment cycle number to support the recovery decision after the subsequent backoff ends.

[0049] The specific formula for calculating the restoration assessment value is as follows:

[0050] ;

[0051] In the formula, This indicates the restoration judgment assessment value. Indicates the assessment value of the degree of abnormality. Indicates the abnormal threshold. Indicates the port output voltage. Indicates the port output current. Indicates bus voltage. Indicates the bus current. Indicates port temperature. Indicates the busbar temperature. Indicates the temperature threshold. Indicates the port's rated temperature.

[0052] Table 1. Recovery Judgment Assessment Values ​​Data Table

[0053]

[0054] like Figure 4As shown, the changes in the port recovery judgment evaluation value within a continuous judgment period are illustrated, reflecting the dynamic trend of the port during power degradation recovery and self-healing. The figure is plotted as a bar chart of the recovery judgment evaluation results for each judgment period, with the vertical axis representing the recovery judgment evaluation value and the horizontal axis representing the judgment period number. The bar color distinguishes the abnormal recovery state of the port; blue bars indicate judgment periods where the recovery judgment evaluation value is less than zero, meaning the port is still in an abnormal or limited state; green bars indicate periods where the recovery judgment evaluation value is greater than zero, meaning the port has met the recovery conditions and has the potential to be unlimited. When M is set to three, combined with Table 1 and... Figure 4 As can be seen, at judgment period P5, the judgment recovery evaluation value exceeds the recovery threshold, and at this time the anomaly degree evaluation value is lower than the anomaly threshold for three consecutive judgment periods, indicating that the port anomaly has been significantly alleviated, triggering the release of the limiting control and realizing power recovery.

[0055] In this implementation scheme, a method for calculating the recovery judgment evaluation value is introduced into the backoff timing process, enabling the port to make multi-dimensional judgments based on power changes, abnormal attenuation, and temperature deviation during the abnormal recovery phase. This method jointly analyzes port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage, bus current, and temperature data. By comprehensively calculating the ratios of power recovery, abnormal attenuation, and temperature deviation, a quantitative basis for judging the recovery trend is established. Utilizing the nonlinear mapping characteristics of the hyperbolic tangent function, the recovery judgment result can reflect the state change trend within a high-sensitivity range, avoiding false recovery or delayed response. This calculation process enhances the accuracy of power recovery judgment after backoff timing, enabling power scheduling to have self-calibration characteristics during the recovery phase, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the port power recovery process.

[0056] Specifically, the following steps are taken to monitor port status and generate user-side indication signals during power scheduling. When the same type of anomaly occurs consecutively, the judgment threshold is dynamically adjusted based on historical port power data to achieve closed-loop control of power scheduling: Real-time monitoring of the abnormal status of each port; real-time status identification based on the anomaly type identifier, anomaly severity assessment value, and recovery judgment assessment value of the latest judgment period, combined with the port number. A unified time base is used to record anomaly changes during monitoring to ensure that the port status judgment results remain synchronized in the time series. User indication information is dynamically generated based on the real-time monitoring results. The user-side indication device displays the port operating status using different colors and brightness levels to provide visual status prompts. When a port is in a continuous abnormal state, the user-side indication device emits a red flashing signal and simultaneously displays the corresponding port number and anomaly type on the display interface, indicating to the user that the current port is in an unrecoverable state and is undergoing power limiting or isolation control. The frequency of the red flashing signal is proportional to the anomaly severity assessment value; the higher the anomaly severity, the faster the flashing frequency, to enhance the distinguishability of the anomaly prompt. When a port is in a recoverable abnormal state, a solid yellow signal indicates that the port has entered the recovery phase. Simultaneously, the port number and recovery prompt text are displayed on the indicator interface, indicating that the port is in backoff timing or bidirectional handshake renegotiation. The brightness of the yellow signal is correlated with the recovery judgment evaluation value to reflect the strength of the port's recovery trend. When the port returns to normal, a solid green signal is displayed, indicating that the port's power output has returned to a stable range. The signal duration covers the entire judgment cycle to prevent false blanking. During the green signal state, the port recovery time and the abnormality type identifier before recovery are recorded to form historical tracking data of the port's operating status. When the same type of abnormality is detected to occur consecutively within multiple judgment cycles, historical data on the corresponding port's output voltage, output current, and temperature are automatically extracted. The historical data extraction covers the most recent W judgment cycles, where W is a positive integer greater than one, and is stored in chronological order. The extracted historical data, along with the abnormality trend coefficient and abnormality severity evaluation value of the corresponding judgment cycle, are input into the fitting analysis process. The least squares fitting method is used to extract the variation patterns of voltage, current, and temperature with the evolution of the abnormality. The voltage, current, and temperature thresholds are dynamically adjusted based on the fitting results, ensuring that the adjusted criteria better reflect the actual changes in the port during long-term operation. Constraints are set during the adjustment process to ensure that the threshold adjustments remain within a safe range, and the parameter log table is updated after each adjustment for continuous tracking.

[0057] In this implementation scheme, by continuously monitoring port anomalies during power scheduling and providing real-time feedback via user-side indication signals, the operating status becomes visualized and traceable. This method combines anomaly type identification, anomaly severity assessment, and recovery judgment assessment to achieve hierarchical display and dynamic prompts of port operating status, improving the intuitiveness of anomaly identification. The introduction of continuous anomaly detection and historical data fitting analysis enables voltage, current, and temperature thresholds to adaptively adjust based on port operating characteristics, thus maintaining consistency between judgment criteria and actual operating conditions. This closed-loop feedback mechanism gives power scheduling long-term self-correction capabilities, improving the stability and response accuracy of the power adapter under complex load conditions.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a power adapter power scheduling system based on bidirectional handshake, comprising: a data acquisition and preprocessing module, an anomaly identification parameter construction module, a power scheduling renegotiation module, and a status indication closed-loop feedback module, wherein: the data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire port power data in real time and perform time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing, and numerical standardization on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data; the anomaly identification parameter construction module is used to determine the port abnormal state based on the preprocessed port power data, generate an anomaly type identifier, extract real-time port power data after determining the anomaly type to evaluate the degree of port anomaly, determine the port abnormal state, and construct an anomaly parameter set; the power scheduling renegotiation module is used to receive the anomaly parameter set, and when the port is in a continuous abnormal state, perform power degradation scheduling according to the anomaly type until the port abnormal state is updated to a recoverable anomaly, then enter the backoff timing process and trigger bidirectional handshake renegotiation; the status indication closed-loop feedback module is used to monitor the port state during power scheduling and generate user-side indication signals, and dynamically correct the judgment threshold based on historical port power data when the same type of anomaly occurs consecutively, thereby realizing closed-loop control of power scheduling.

[0059] This implementation scheme establishes a power adapter power scheduling system based on bidirectional handshake, achieving coordinated control throughout the entire process from data acquisition to power regulation and status feedback. The system ensures the accuracy and continuity of input data during real-time acquisition and preprocessing of port power data; achieves fine-grained classification of port operating states during anomaly identification and parameter construction; dynamically adjusts power allocation during power scheduling and renegotiation; and implements adaptive closed-loop control during status monitoring and threshold correction. Through multi-stage linkage, the power scheduling process possesses real-time performance, adaptability, and stability, ensuring that the power adapter maintains efficient, safe, and sustainable power output under complex loads and multi-port operating conditions.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0061] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 collects port power data in real time and performs time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing and numerical standardization on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data. S2, Based on the preprocessed port power data, determine the abnormal state of the port, generate an abnormality type identifier, extract real-time port power data after determining the abnormality type to evaluate the degree of port abnormality, determine the abnormal state of the port, and construct an abnormal parameter set; S3, receive the abnormal parameter set. When the port is in a continuous abnormal state, perform power degradation scheduling according to the abnormality type until the port abnormal state is updated to a recoverable abnormality. Then, enter the backoff timer process and trigger a two-way handshake to renegotiate. S4 monitors the port status during power scheduling and generates user-side indication signals. When the same type of anomaly occurs continuously, the judgment threshold is dynamically adjusted based on historical port power data to achieve closed-loop control of power scheduling. The specific steps for receiving abnormal parameter sets, when a port is in a continuous abnormal state, to perform power degradation scheduling based on the abnormality type until the port's abnormal state is updated to a recoverable abnormal state, and then to enter the backoff timing process and trigger a two-way handshake renegotiation are as follows: Receive the abnormal parameter set, read the abnormal type identifier, abnormality assessment value, abnormal trend coefficient and abnormal status of each port, and calculate the current total output power of the bus in real time based on the real-time port output voltage, port output current, bus voltage and bus current, and calculate the remaining power of the bus by subtracting the current total output power of the bus from the rated power of the adapter. When any port is in a continuous abnormal state, the corresponding abnormal type identifier is extracted. If it is a short circuit abnormality, the upper limit of the port output power is set to zero and it enters isolation monitoring, and does not participate in power distribution. If it is an over-temperature abnormality or a contact abnormality, it enters the power degradation and power supply mode: the power limiting ratio coefficient is calculated based on the abnormal trend coefficient of the port, and the limiting ratio coefficient is applied to the rated power of the corresponding port to obtain the port power limiting value. Next, compare the port power limit with the bus remaining power, and take the smaller of the two as the upper limit of the port output power; When the handshake power request value is higher than the output power limit, the output power is set to the upper limit. Otherwise, maintain the original handshake power request value output; During the power degradation and power supply recovery process, the abnormality assessment value is continuously calculated according to the judgment period and the abnormal port status is determined. When the port status is detected to become a recoverable abnormal state, the power degradation and power supply recovery mode is exited and the backoff timing process is entered. After entering the backoff timing process, the backoff period is set according to the abnormal trend coefficient. After the backoff period ends, a two-way handshake is triggered to renegotiate. When the handshake communication is normal and the real-time anomaly assessment value is lower than the previous judgment period, the upper limit of output power is restored according to the linear increment strategy until the safe upper limit power is reached; when the handshake fails, the backoff period is extended and the degraded power supply is maintained until the maximum number of backoff times is reached. In the backoff timing process, real-time port power data and anomaly assessment values ​​are extracted to calculate the recovery judgment assessment value. When the recovery judgment assessment value is positive and the anomaly assessment value is lower than the anomaly threshold for M consecutive judgment periods, the amplitude limiting control is lifted and normal power scheduling is restored; otherwise, the current power scheduling strategy is maintained.

2. The power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for acquiring port power data in real time and performing time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing, and numerical standardization on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data are as follows: Real-time acquisition of port power data of the power adapter, including port output voltage, port output current, bus current, bus voltage, port temperature, bus temperature, handshake communication status code and handshake power request value; The collected port power data is subjected to unified time base correction using a timestamp resampling algorithm to ensure that all data are aligned under the same time base; the port power data is smoothed using a moving average filtering algorithm to suppress high-frequency noise and transient jitter; the missing points in the port power data caused by sampling packet loss and communication interruption are compensated using a linear interpolation algorithm; the port power data is dynamically smoothed using an exponentially weighted moving average algorithm to reduce the historical lag effect; finally, the port power data is numerically standardized using a Z-Score standardization algorithm to unify the numerical scale and eliminate dimensional differences.

3. The power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for determining port abnormality status and generating an abnormality type identifier based on preprocessed port power data are as follows: A fixed-length sliding time window is set as a judgment period. Within each judgment period, based on the preprocessed port power data, the port output voltage drop rate and the port output current rise rate are calculated. When either the port output voltage drop rate exceeds a voltage drop rate threshold or the port output current rise rate exceeds a current rise rate threshold, the anomaly judgment process is initiated to determine the port's abnormal state and generate an anomaly type identifier. When the duration of a port output voltage lower than the voltage threshold and a port output current higher than the current threshold exceeds the length of the judgment period time window, it is marked as a short circuit anomaly. When either the port temperature or the bus temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, it is marked as an over-temperature anomaly. When the handshake communication status code shows an interruption or failure code, it is marked as a contact anomaly.

4. The power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for extracting real-time port power data to assess the degree of port anomaly are as follows: Multiply the port output voltage and port output current, differentiate with respect to time, take the absolute value, and multiply by the judgment period time window length to obtain the port power change. Divide the port power change by the product of the bus voltage and bus current to obtain the power disturbance normalization term. Subtract the temperature threshold from the port temperature and bus temperature respectively, add them together, and divide the sum by the difference between the port rated temperature and the temperature threshold to obtain the temperature deviation ratio. Use the temperature deviation ratio as an exponent and take the power function value with base e to obtain the thermal coupling amplification term. Multiply the power disturbance normalization term and the thermal coupling amplification term to obtain the anomaly assessment value.

5. The power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for determining the abnormal state of the port and constructing the abnormal parameter set are as follows: Extract the anomaly assessment values ​​of the current judgment period and the previous judgment period, perform differential calculation and take the moving average to obtain the anomaly trend coefficient; when the anomaly assessment value is less than or equal to the anomaly threshold, the judgment port is in a transient disturbance state; when the anomaly assessment value is greater than the anomaly threshold and the trend coefficient is positive, the current port is marked as a continuous anomaly state. When the anomaly assessment value is greater than the anomaly threshold and the trend coefficient is non-positive, the current port is marked as a recoverable anomaly state; An abnormal parameter set is constructed based on the port number, abnormal type identifier, abnormality assessment value, abnormal trend coefficient, and port abnormal status of each port; and when the abnormality assessment value is lower than the abnormal threshold and the trend coefficient is negative for N consecutive judgment periods, the abnormal type identifier and port abnormal status of the corresponding port are automatically cleared.

6. The power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for calculating the power limiting ratio are as follows: The anomaly suppression term is obtained by multiplying the anomaly trend coefficient by the ratio of the anomaly severity assessment value to the anomaly threshold and taking the negative number as the exponent. The power function value with base e is then calculated. The power load margin term is obtained by adding one to the ratio of the bus residual power to the adapter rated power and taking the natural logarithm. The power load margin term is obtained by subtracting the bus temperature from the port temperature and dividing the result by the difference between the temperature threshold and the port rated temperature. The resulting ratio is then taken as the hyperbolic tangent function value, and one is subtracted from the resulting hyperbolic tangent function value to obtain the temperature correction term. Finally, the anomaly suppression term, the power load margin term, and the temperature correction term are multiplied sequentially to obtain the limiting ratio coefficient.

7. The power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for extracting real-time port power data and anomaly assessment values ​​and calculating recovery determination assessment values ​​in the backoff timing process are as follows: Multiply the port output voltage and port output current, then divide by the product of the bus voltage and bus current. Add one to the resulting ratio and take the natural logarithm to obtain the port power recovery term. Subtract the ratio of the abnormality assessment value to the abnormality threshold from one to obtain the abnormal attenuation term. Subtract the temperature threshold from the port temperature and bus temperature respectively, then add them together. Divide the sum by the difference between the port rated temperature and the temperature threshold to obtain the temperature deviation ratio. Add the power recovery term, the abnormal attenuation term, and the temperature deviation ratio, and then input them into the hyperbolic tangent function to obtain the recovery judgment assessment value.

8. The power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for monitoring port status and generating user-side indication signals during power scheduling, and dynamically adjusting the judgment threshold based on historical port power data when the same type of anomaly occurs consecutively, to achieve closed-loop control of power scheduling are as follows: Real-time monitoring of abnormal status of each port, and dynamic generation of user instruction information based on abnormality type identifier, abnormality severity assessment value and recovery judgment assessment value: When a port is in a continuous abnormal state, the user instruction terminal emits a red flashing signal and displays the port number and abnormality type; when the port is in a recoverable abnormal state, it displays a yellow solid light signal to indicate that the port has recovered. Once the port returns to normal, a solid green light will be displayed. When the same type of anomaly is detected to occur continuously within multiple judgment periods, the historical data of the port output voltage, port output current and port temperature of the corresponding port are automatically extracted, and the anomaly trend coefficient and anomaly degree evaluation value are combined for fitting analysis to dynamically correct the voltage threshold, current threshold and temperature threshold.

9. A power adapter power scheduling system based on bidirectional handshake, using the power adapter power scheduling method based on bidirectional handshake as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: include: The module comprises a data acquisition and preprocessing module, an anomaly identification parameter construction module, a power scheduling renegotiation module, and a status indication closed-loop feedback module, among which: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire port power data in real time and perform time base correction, noise suppression, missing data compensation, dynamic smoothing and numerical standardization on the port power data to obtain preprocessed port power data. The anomaly identification parameter construction module is used to determine the port anomaly status based on the preprocessed port power data, generate anomaly type identifier, extract real-time port power data after determining the anomaly type to evaluate the degree of port anomaly, determine the port anomaly status, and construct an anomaly parameter set. The power scheduling renegotiation module is used to receive an abnormal parameter set. When the port is in a continuous abnormal state, it performs power degradation scheduling according to the abnormality type until the port abnormal state is updated to a recoverable abnormal state. Then, it enters the backoff timer process and triggers a two-way handshake renegotiation. The status indication closed-loop feedback module is used to monitor the port status during power scheduling and generate user-side indication signals. When the same type of abnormality occurs continuously, the judgment threshold is dynamically corrected based on historical port power data to realize closed-loop control of power scheduling.

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