Source-grid-load-storage integrated project and public power grid tie line anti-countercurrent control system

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-countercurrent control system for a source-grid-load-storage integrated project and a public power grid tie line. The anti-countercurrent control system comprises a rough control process of first control and a fine adjustment process of second control, the first control comprises a source-network-load-storage integrated regulation and control platform; the second control comprises the steps that a rapid power control device is arranged in a main transformer substation, and communication between the rapid power control device and an EMS energy management system of an energy storage system and power control systems of a distributed photovoltaic system and a centralized wind power system is achieved in an optical fiber direct connection mode. And the distributed photovoltaic system uploads the power generation state, the power generation power and the adjustable quantity information to the rapid power control device, and receives a power reduction adjustment instruction issued by the rapid power control device. According to the method, the public power grid is prevented from being influenced by the countercurrent condition of the tie line, economic losses such as fine caused by the countercurrent condition are avoided, it is guaranteed that the grid-load-storage integrated project can be connected to the public power grid, and unnecessary economic losses are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a control method and system for preventing reverse power flow in integrated power generation, grid, load and storage projects and public power grid interconnection lines. Background Technology

[0002] The integrated energy source-grid-load-storage project is an energy system operation mode that deeply integrates and coordinates the power source, grid, load, and energy storage sides through advanced technologies and coordinated control.

[0003] Currently, integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage projects are experiencing rapid development. These projects are encouraged to incorporate new or clean energy sources such as wind and solar power, along with supporting energy storage systems. They are designed to integrate with the load within a specific area, forming a unified power generation, grid, load, and storage system, and to establish an internal distribution network for the project. As a whole, these integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage projects are connected to the public power grid via tie lines. When demonstrating connection schemes, some customers often require that power not flow back into the public grid. This means that the power flow on the tie lines must be a single direction: from the public grid to the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project, with no reverse flow. Preventing backflow is a necessary condition for the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage projects to connect to the public power grid.

[0004] Currently, the two AC power grids are interconnected and mutually supply each other. Their protection and safety automatic devices are designed according to the interconnection and mutual supply operation mode of the power grids. However, the integrated source-grid-load-storage project is an emerging project. The proposed tie-line anti-backflow control is different from the requirements of the current interconnection and mutual supply of the power grids. The current protection and safety automatic devices cannot meet the tie-line anti-backflow control requirements. New methods and systems need to be adopted for control in order to meet the tie-line anti-backflow requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that: an integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project can be regarded as an independent small power grid. When it is connected to the public power grid as a whole, it is required that the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project does not feed back power to the public power grid. This changes the traditional interconnection and mutual supply mode between existing AC power grids, resulting in the current protection and safety automatic devices being unable to meet the backflow prevention control requirements of the interconnection line between the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project and the public power grid. Therefore, this invention provides a backflow prevention control system for the interconnection line between the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project and the public power grid.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A backflow prevention control system for an integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage system connected to a public power grid interconnection line includes at least one substation, with one of the substations serving as the main substation. The main substation is connected to a public power grid substation, a centralized wind power booster station, and / or other substations. The anti-backflow control system of the connection system includes a first-level control process as a coarse control process and a second-level control process as a fine adjustment process; The first level of control includes an integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform. The integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform is the master station layer. The master station layer is connected to the substation layer through the communication layer. The communication layer is the transmission equipment. The substation layer includes substations, energy storage systems, distributed photovoltaic systems and centralized wind power systems. The second layer of control includes installing a fast power control device within the main substation. This device communicates with the energy management system (EMS) of the energy storage system and the power control systems of the distributed photovoltaic (PV) and centralized wind power systems via direct fiber optic connections. The energy storage system sends charge / discharge status, charge / discharge power, and SOC value to the fast power control device and receives charge / discharge adjustment and power reduction commands from it. The distributed PV system sends power generation status, power generation, and adjustable capacity information to the fast power control device and receives power reduction commands. The centralized wind power system sends power generation status, power generation, and adjustable capacity information to the fast power control device and receives power reduction commands. Data interaction is achieved through a direct fiber optic communication channel, allowing the fast power control device to monitor the real-time operating status and adjustable power information of the power generation and energy storage systems.

[0007] The main substation is the #1 main transformer; the #1 main transformer is connected to the first public power grid connection line and the second public power grid connection line via a 110kV bus, thereby connecting to the first public power grid substation and the second public power grid substation at the next higher level, respectively. The main substation is equipped with a first bay and a second bay. The first bay is connected to the first public power grid tie line, and the second bay is connected to the second public power grid tie line. Current transformers and voltage transformers are installed on the first public power grid tie line respectively. The fast power control device collects the measuring current and measuring voltage of the first bay and the second bay respectively, so as to calculate the power of the two tie lines of the first public power grid tie line and the second public power grid tie line respectively.

[0008] The first type of logic control for a fast power control device includes the following steps: Step 1: Set the start value to 1.5 times the S control reference, and calculate the tie-line power of the first and second public grid tie-lines respectively; if the calculated power is greater than 1.5 times the S control reference, return to the previous program; if the calculated power is less than or equal to 1.5 times the S control reference, further determine whether it is less than or equal to 1.3 times the S control reference. Step 2: When the calculated power is ≤ 1.3 × S control benchmark, further determine whether the calculated power is less than 1 times S control benchmark. If the calculated power is greater than 1 times S control benchmark, the first setpoint control condition is triggered, and a power reduction command of 0.4 × S control benchmark is issued to the energy storage system and the wind power and photovoltaic power generation system. At this time, if the energy storage system is in the discharge state, the power is reduced; if it is in the standby state, it is adjusted to the charging state; if the energy storage system is in the charging state or the SOC is full, only the photovoltaic and wind power generation systems are adjusted, and the adjustment degree is S power reduction = 0.4 × S control benchmark. Step 3: If the calculated power is ≤ 1 times the S control benchmark, then it is further determined whether the calculated power is less than 0.5 times the S control benchmark. If the calculated power is greater than 0.5 times the S control benchmark, then the second setpoint control condition is triggered. The second setpoint is 1 × S control benchmark. When the calculated power is ≤ 1 × S control benchmark, a power reduction command of 0.7 × S control benchmark is issued to the energy storage system and the wind power and photovoltaic power generation system. At this time, if the energy storage system is in the discharge state, the power is reduced. If it is in the standby state, it is adjusted to the charging state. If the energy storage system is in the charging state or the SOC is full, only the photovoltaic and wind power generation systems are adjusted. The adjustment degree is S power reduction = 0.7 × S control benchmark. Step 4: If the calculated power is ≤ 0.5 times the S control baseline, the third setpoint control condition is triggered, and a power reduction command of 1.2 × S control baseline is issued to the energy storage system and the wind power, photovoltaic, and other power generation systems. At this time, if the energy storage system is in a discharging state, the power is reduced; if it is in a standby state, it is adjusted to a charging state; if the energy storage system is in a charging state or its SOC is full, only the photovoltaic, wind power, and other power generation systems are adjusted, with the adjustment degree being S power reduction = 1.2 × S control baseline. In the most extreme case, when the power to be reduced is greater than the power that the power generation system can adjust, and the energy storage system has no adjustment margin, the power generation is reduced to 0 and put into standby mode.

[0009] Step 2 is as follows: Step 2.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and power information transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 0.4 times the control reference is sent to the energy storage system; if the adjustable power reduction is < 0.4 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and the charging power adjustment is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, a discharge to charge command is issued to the energy storage system, and the charging power is 0.4 times the control reference minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0010] Step 2.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 0.4 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 0.4 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0011] Step 2.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 0.4 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

[0012] Step 2 can also be: Step 81.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system; if the energy storage system is in a discharging state, proceed to step 81.2; if the energy storage system is in a charging state, proceed to step 81.5. Step 81.2: When the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, a power reduction command of 0.4 times the control reference is sent to the energy storage system. Step 81.3: When the adjustable amount of power reduction is less than 0.4 times the control reference, switch to charging mode. When the ∑ discharge power + charging power adjustment amount is greater than or equal to 0.4 times the control reference, send a discharge to charge command to the energy storage system. The charging power is: 0.4 times the control reference - discharge power. Step 81.4: When the sum of discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, a discharge-to-charge command is sent to the energy storage system. The charging power is the maximum rechargeable power. Then proceed to step 81.5. Step 81.5: When the sum of photovoltaic power reduction and the total adjustment of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction command is issued to the photovoltaic power generation system. The power reduction value is: 0.4 times the control benchmark - the total adjustment of the energy storage system. Step 81.6: When the sum of photovoltaic power reduction and the total adjustment of the energy storage system is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction command is issued to the photovoltaic power generation system. The power reduction value is the maximum adjustable amount, and then proceed to step 81.7. Step 81.7: When ∑ wind power reduction + (overall adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system) ≥ 0.4 times the control benchmark, issue a power reduction command to the wind power generation system. The power reduction value is: 0.4 times the control benchmark - (overall adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system). Step 81.8: When ∑ wind power reduction + (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system) < 0.4 times the control benchmark, issue a power reduction command to the wind power generation system. The power reduction value is the maximum adjustable amount until standby.

[0013] Step 3 specifically includes: Step 3.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and power information transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction limit is ≥ 0.7 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 0.7 times the control reference is issued to the energy storage system; if the adjustable limit is < 0.7 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and the charging power adjustment is ≥ 0.7 times the control reference, a discharge to charge command is issued to the energy storage system, and the charging power is 0.7 times the control reference minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.7 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 3.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 0.7 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 0.7 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 0.7 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 3.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 0.7 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

[0014] Step 4 specifically includes: Step 4.1: Prioritize the adjustment of the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and charging / discharging power information transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 1.2 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 1.2 times the control reference is issued to the energy storage system; if the adjustable power reduction is < 1.2 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage's discharge power and charging power adjustment is ≥ 1.2 times the control benchmark, a discharge-to-charge command is issued to the energy storage system, with the charging power being 1.2 times the control benchmark minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 1.2 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 4.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 1.2 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 1.2 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 1.2 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 4.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 1.2 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

[0015] It also includes a third level of control, which is the fine-cutting process; In any other substation, a Type I outgoing control device is deployed. The Type I outgoing control device is connected to the busbar equipment cabinet, the first load outgoing cabinet, the second load outgoing cabinet, the third load outgoing cabinet, the first photovoltaic outgoing cabinet, the second photovoltaic outgoing cabinet, the third photovoltaic outgoing cabinet, the first energy storage outgoing cabinet, and the second energy storage outgoing cabinet via a 10kV busbar. The Type I outgoing control device collects the current and protection action signals of the load outgoing cabinets that need to be controlled. The power matching process of the Type I outlet linkage control device is as follows: The Type I outlet linkage control device calculates the power of each load outlet cabinet, photovoltaic outlet cabinet, and energy storage outlet cabinet by collecting the voltage and current, and matches all load outlets with the power input power one by one according to the load and power supply matching relationship. The selection principle of the power supply circuit during matching is as follows: First, energy storage in the discharge state is given priority; second, when the total power of energy storage in the discharge state is less than the load outlet power, the photovoltaic outlet is included in the power supply for matching; finally, the total power of the power supply outlet closest to the load power is selected, and the total power of the power supply outlet is greater than or equal to the load outlet power; when the total power of the power supply outlet is less than the load outlet power, and the power deficit (load outlet power - total power supply outlet power) is greater than 1.2×S control benchmark, the power matching deficit value needs to be reported to the next level Type II outlet linkage control device through the optical port.

[0016] The Type I outlet linkage control device performs power calculations and completes power matching, stores the results, and initiates the outlet linkage control program when a fault occurs in a load line that needs to be controlled. The specific process is as follows: Step 61.1: Use the power direction element to determine whether each energy storage output line is in a charging or discharging state. Energy storage output lines in a discharging state are considered as power supply circuits, while energy storage output lines in a charging state are considered as load circuits. When the charging power is greater than 1.2 times the control reference, the energy storage output line is included in the fine-tuned control range as a load. Step 61.2: Perform power matching on the load outgoing lines and power outgoing lines included in the fine-cut control range. The matching principle is as follows: Select the ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) that is closest to the power of a certain load outgoing line for matching, and ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) ≥ load outgoing line power; prioritize the energy storage outgoing lines in the discharge state to participate in the calculation of ∑(total power of power outgoing lines). Only when the total power of energy storage outgoing lines < load outgoing line power, will the photovoltaic outgoing lines be included in the calculation of ∑(total power of power outgoing lines). Step 61.3: When the total power output of all power supply lines ∑ (total power output of power supply lines) < the power output of the load lines, and the power deficit (power output of load lines - total power output of power supply lines) > 1.2 × S control benchmark, a remote power linkage value of load line power output - ∑ (total power output of power supply lines) is sent to the Type II outlet linkage control device configured at the next higher voltage level for power matching calculation. At the same time as the Type I outlet linkage control device takes action, a remote outlet linkage signal is sent to the Type II outlet linkage control device. Step 61.4: Store the above calculation and matching results in a rolling data format.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The anti-backflow control system for the grid-load-storage integrated project and the public power grid interconnection line of the present invention includes a three-stage control process of coarse control, fine adjustment, and fine cutting. The anti-backflow control system of the present invention meets the requirements put forward by the public power grid management department when the grid-load-storage integrated project is connected to the public power grid, and at the same time avoids the occurrence of backflow in the interconnection line, which would cause an impact on the public power grid and avoid economic losses such as fines. It ensures that the grid-load-storage integrated project can be connected to the public power grid and avoids unnecessary economic losses. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system wiring for an integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project. Figure 2 This is a topology diagram of the first-level control system. Figure 3 This is a topology diagram of the second-level control system. Figure 4 This is the first logic control flowchart for a fast power control device; Figure 5 This is the second logic control flowchart for a fast power control device; Figure 6 This is the first topology diagram of the third control system. Figure 7 This is the second topology diagram of the third control system. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a system wiring diagram of the integrated power generation, grid, load and storage project of the present invention. Generally, integrated power generation, grid, load and storage projects build 1 to 3 110kV substations. The system wiring diagram of the present invention is illustrated using 2 110kV substations.

[0022] An integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage system connected to the public power grid includes at least one substation, with one substation designated as the main substation. Taking two substations as an example, including substation #1 and substation #2, substation #1 is the core and crucial substation of the integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage project. It is connected to relevant substations via 110kV lines, thus serving as the main substation. Firstly, it is directly connected to the public power grid; that is, main substation #1 is connected to the first public power grid connection line 11 and the second public power grid connection line 12 via 110kV bus 2, thereby connecting to the upstream first... The system consists of three substations: 1) Public grid substation 4 and the next-level public grid substation 5; 2) Access to the centralized renewable energy source built by the integrated power generation, grid, load and storage project, i.e., #1 main transformer 1 is connected to the first renewable energy line 13 and the second renewable energy line 14 via 110kV bus 2, thereby connecting to the first centralized wind power booster station 6 and the second centralized wind power booster station 7 respectively; 3) Power supply to other substations in the integrated power generation, grid, load and storage project, i.e., #1 main transformer 1 is connected to the first line 15 and the second line 16 of substation #2 via 110kV bus 2, thereby supplying power to substation #2.

[0023] The system wiring diagram is for illustrative purposes only. For example, considering the importance of substation #1, the 110kV busbar 2 in this invention is a double busbar connection, but it could also be a single busbar segmented connection. Furthermore, the diagram simplifies some equipment; for example, only one main transformer is shown for each substation, and only the outgoing line cabinets relevant to this invention are shown for the 10kV section. Integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage projects are generally located in industrial parks of different types. Distributed photovoltaic power can be built on rooftops and connected to the substation at a 10kV voltage level. A portion of the energy storage project is constructed and connected to the substation at a 10kV voltage level. Integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage projects can connect to wind power at a certain distance and connect to the substation at a 110kV voltage level. Figure 1 The first public power grid connection line 11, the second public power grid connection line 12, the first new energy line 13, the second new energy line 14, the first line 15 of substation #2 and the second line 16 of substation #2 shown are all equipped with communication optical cables, providing communication channels for the communication transmission equipment of the control system of this invention and direct optical cable communication.

[0024] A reverse current prevention control system for the interconnection line between the integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage project and the public power grid includes three levels of control: coarse control, fine adjustment, and fine cut-off. Since power generation and consumption in a power system are real-time dynamic balancing processes, power flow control must also be real-time. This invention's three-level control is divided into minute-level, second-level, and time-delay-free real-time control, and further divided into three control processes: coarse control (minute-level), fine adjustment (second-level response precision control), and fine control (minute-level). Coarse control and fine adjustment enable flexible power regulation within the integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage project, avoiding large power fluctuations. Fine cut-off serves as the final line of defense among the three control methods. In extreme situations such as load shedding, it selectively and synchronously cuts off a certain number of generating systems without time delay while shedding load, thereby ensuring unidirectional power flow between the integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage project and the public power grid interconnection line, preventing reverse power flow.

[0025] (I) The first level of control, coarse control process, of an integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system: Figure 2 The diagram shows the topology of the first-level control system. To achieve scientific scheduling and management of the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project, the anti-backflow control system for the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage interconnection line with the public power grid includes an integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage control platform 21. From a hierarchical management perspective, the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage control platform 21 is the master station layer. The master station layer connects to the substation layer through a communication layer. The communication layer consists of transmission equipment 22, which generally includes SDH, communication power supplies, integrated wiring units, and other equipment. The substation layer includes substations 23, energy storage systems 24, distributed photovoltaic systems 25, and centralized wind power systems 26, etc.

[0026] Substation 23 transmits real-time data such as load power consumption to the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform 21; energy storage system 24 transmits information such as charging and discharging status, charging and discharging power, and SOC value to the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform 21, and receives charging and discharging control commands issued by the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform 21; distributed photovoltaic system 25 transmits information such as power generation status, power generation, and adjustable capacity to the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform 21, and receives power generation control commands issued by the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform 21; centralized wind power system 26 transmits information such as power generation status, power generation, adjustable capacity, and power prediction values ​​to the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform 21, and receives power generation control commands issued by the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform 21.

[0027] The integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage control platform 21 is equipped with application function modules such as active power automatic control, reactive power and voltage automatic control, planning and forecasting, and centralized power forecasting. Among them, active power automatic control is mainly used for active power balance and frequency stability, reactive power and voltage automatic control is mainly used for reactive power balance and voltage stability, and planning and forecasting includes load forecasting, new energy power generation forecasting, and charging and discharging management and forecasting of energy storage systems. Since the distributed photovoltaic system 25 generally does not build a power forecasting system, centralized power forecasting provides photovoltaic power generation forecasting function for the distributed photovoltaic system 25 of this invention.

[0028] Typically, integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage projects require a load to generate revenue. This is usually based on the current load or the load of projects that are expected to be installed. The current load already includes some historical load curve data.

[0029] The integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage control platform 21 receives data from substations regarding power generation status, power output, adjustable capacity, power forecast, load power consumption, energy storage charging / discharging status, charging / discharging power, and SOC value. Combining this with historical load curves and renewable energy generation curves over a specific time period, it generates a load forecast curve, a renewable energy generation forecast curve, and a charging / discharging forecast curve for the energy storage system. This composite power generation forecast curve and power consumption forecast curve then inform future power generation strategies and the charging / discharging control of the energy storage system. To avoid disrupting normal production processes, load adjustments are minimized; only the switching between renewable energy generation and the energy storage system's charging / discharging is controlled. This process utilizes planned forecasts, centralized power forecasts, and other predicted values, employing automatic active power control and automatic reactive power and voltage control to achieve planned power generation.

[0030] The integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage control platform 21 issues power generation control commands to the AGC / AVC equipment of the power generation substations. When the power generation S > the load S, the energy storage system is adjusted to a charging state, achieving the control target of S power generation ≤ S load power + S energy storage charging power. When the power generation S > the load S + S energy storage charging power, in addition to adjusting the energy storage system to a charging state, the output of each power generation substation is also limited, achieving the control target of S power generation ≤ S load power + S energy storage charging power. When the power generation S < the load S, the power generation substations are adjusted to a high-power state, and the energy storage system is adjusted to a discharging state according to the planned time period, achieving the control target of S power generation + S energy storage discharging power ≤ S load power. Through the charging and discharging control of the energy storage system, power regulation is participated in. Simultaneously, the integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage control platform 21 also manages the charging and discharging of the energy storage system 24 in conjunction with peak, flat, and valley time periods. Typically, power forecasting systems require medium-term forecasts of 240 hours, short-term forecasts of 72 hours, and ultra-short-term forecasts of 15 minutes to 4 hours, with a time resolution of 15 minutes. Load forecasting also has a resolution of minutes or more. Therefore, power balance control through load forecasting, new energy power generation forecasting, and the charging and discharging management and forecasting of energy storage systems has a granularity of minutes, which is a relatively coarse control process.

[0031] Of course, plans can't keep up with changes. There are differences between real-time power generation and power forecast values, as well as between load forecast and real-time load. In addition to data exchange for power balance control, substations and master stations also handle many other business processes. Substation data is uploaded to the master station, which processes the data, forms a control strategy, and then distributes it to each substation. This process takes at least seconds, and a delay of seconds makes it difficult to guarantee that reverse power flow will not occur. This requires an additional layer of protection in addition to coarse control, and more precise regulation, i.e., fine-tuning.

[0032] The first-level control system is essentially based on the mature architecture and control of the existing dispatch automation system. That is, the first-level control system is existing technology and is the basic control of the triple control of this invention.

[0033] (II) A second-level control and fine-tuning process for an integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system: Figure 3The diagram shows the topology of the second-level control system: A fast power control device 35 is installed in substation #1. To reduce latency, instead of using traditional transmission equipment 22, a direct fiber optic connection is used to enable communication between the fast power control device 35 and the EMS energy management system of the energy storage system 24, as well as the power control systems of the distributed photovoltaic system 25 and the centralized wind power system 26. The energy storage system 24 sends information such as charge / discharge status, charge / discharge power, and SOC value to the fast power control device 35, and receives charge / discharge adjustment and power reduction adjustment commands from the fast power control device 35. The distributed photovoltaic system 25 sends information such as power generation status, power generation, and adjustable parameters to the fast power control device 35, and receives power reduction adjustment commands from the fast power control device 35. The centralized wind power system 26 sends information such as power generation status, power generation, and adjustable parameters to the fast power control device 35, and receives power reduction adjustment commands from the fast power control device 35. Data interaction is achieved through direct fiber optic communication channels, enabling the rapid power control device 35 to monitor the operating status and adjustable power information of wind power, photovoltaic and other power generation systems and energy storage systems in real time.

[0034] Under normal operating conditions, relevant management departments require that the two interconnection lines to the first public grid interconnection line 11 and the second public grid interconnection line 12 operate separately and are not allowed to be looped through the next voltage level. Therefore, all energy storage systems 24, distributed photovoltaic systems 25, centralized wind power systems 26, and one of these two interconnection lines must be electrically connected to each other. Figure 1 Taking the No. 1 substation shown as an example, assuming that under a certain operating mode, one of the photovoltaic outgoing switchgear is electrically connected to the first public power grid interconnection line 11, then there is no electrical connection between the photovoltaic outgoing switchgear and the second public power grid interconnection line 12. Furthermore, under this assumed operating mode, all switchgear on the 10kV busbar shown in the figure are only electrically connected to the first public power grid interconnection line 11. The fast power control device 35 of this invention has the capability to flexibly adjust the correspondence between the interconnection lines and the energy storage system 24, the distributed photovoltaic system 25, and the centralized wind power system 26 based on the operating mode.

[0035] Figure 3 As shown, Substation #1 is equipped with a first bay 31 and a second bay 32. The first bay 31 is connected to the first public power grid tie line 11, and the second bay 32 is connected to the second public power grid tie line 12. Current transformers and voltage transformers are respectively installed on the first public power grid tie line 11. In this way, the fast power control device 35 collects the measuring current 33 and measuring voltage 34 of the first bay 31 and the second bay 32 respectively, and calculates the power of the two tie lines 11 and 12 respectively.

[0036] To achieve rapid power control, a power control reference value S (where S is apparent power) needs to be selected. By combining historical load curves and load forecasts, the fluctuation range of load power consumption under normal operating conditions can be determined. Emphasis is placed on the magnitude and rate of decrease, especially frequent and significant power reductions within minutes, which are then used as the control reference value S. This type of power change is difficult for the power balance control strategy of the integrated power generation, grid, load, and energy storage platform 21 to handle in real time. Therefore, a rapid power control device 35 is needed to quickly adjust the power generation of wind power, photovoltaic systems, and the charging, discharging, and power regulation of energy storage systems.

[0037] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a first type of logic control flowchart for a fast power control device, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Set the start value to 1.5 times the S control reference, and calculate the tie-line power of the first public grid tie-line 11 and the second public grid tie-line 12 respectively; if the calculated power is greater than 1.5 times the S control reference, return to the previous level program; if the calculated power is less than or equal to 1.5 times the S control reference, further determine whether it is less than or equal to 1.3 times the S control reference. Step 2: When the calculated power is ≤ 1.3 × S control benchmark, further determine whether the calculated power is less than 1 times S control benchmark. If the calculated power is greater than 1 times S control benchmark, trigger the first setpoint control condition and issue a power reduction command of 0.4 × S control benchmark to the energy storage system and wind power, photovoltaic, and other power generation systems. At this time, if the energy storage system is in a discharging state, the power is reduced; if it is in a standby state, it is adjusted to a charging state; if the energy storage system is in a charging state or the SOC is full, only the photovoltaic, wind power, and other power generation systems are adjusted, and the adjustment degree is S power reduction = 0.4 × S control benchmark; here, step 2 is... Figure 4 Step 81 in the process: Step 2.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and power transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 0.4 times the control reference is sent to the energy storage system; if the adjustable power reduction is < 0.4 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and the charging power adjustment is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, a discharge to charge command is issued to the energy storage system, and the charging power is 0.4 times the control reference minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0038] Step 2.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 0.4 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 0.4 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0039] Step 2.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 0.4 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

[0040] Step 3: If the calculated power is ≤ 1 times the S control benchmark, then further determine whether the calculated power is less than 0.5 times the S control benchmark. If the calculated power is greater than 0.5 times the S control benchmark, then trigger the second setpoint control condition. The second setpoint is 1 × the S control benchmark. When the calculated power is ≤ 1 × the S control benchmark, issue a power reduction command of 0.7 × the S control benchmark to the energy storage system and wind power, photovoltaic, and other power generation systems. At this time, if the energy storage system is in a discharging state, then the power is reduced; if it is in a standby state, then it is adjusted to a charging state; if the energy storage system is in a charging state or the SOC is full, then only the photovoltaic, wind power, and other power generation systems are adjusted, and the adjustment degree is S power reduction = 0.7 × the S control benchmark. Here, step 3 is... Figure 4 Step 82: Step 3.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and power transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction limit is ≥ 0.7 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 0.7 times the control reference is issued to the energy storage system. If the adjustable limit is < 0.7 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and the charging power adjustment is ≥ 0.7 times the control reference, a discharge to charge command is issued to the energy storage system, and the charging power is 0.7 times the control reference minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.7 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0041] Step 3.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 0.7 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 0.7 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 0.7 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0042] Step 3.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 0.7 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

[0043] Step 4: If the calculated power is ≤ 0.5 times the S control baseline, the third setpoint control condition is triggered, and a power reduction command of 1.2 × S control baseline is issued to the energy storage system and wind power, photovoltaic, and other power generation systems. If the energy storage system is in a discharging state, the power is reduced; if it is in standby mode, it is adjusted to a charging state; if the energy storage system is in a charging state or its SOC is full, only the photovoltaic and wind power generation systems are adjusted, with an adjustment degree of S power reduction = 1.2 × S control baseline. In the most extreme case, when the power reduction to be controlled is greater than the power that the power generation system can adjust, and the energy storage system has no adjustment margin, the power generation is reduced to 0 and put into standby mode; Step 4 is... Figure 4 Step 83: Step 4.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and power transmitted from the energy storage system. If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 1.2 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 1.2 times the control reference is issued to the energy storage system. If the adjustable power reduction is < 1.2 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage's discharge power and charging power adjustment is ≥ 1.2 times the control benchmark, a discharge-to-charge command is issued to the energy storage system, with the charging power being 1.2 times the control benchmark minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 1.2 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0044] Step 4.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 1.2 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 1.2 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the photovoltaic system's power reduction and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 1.2 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted.

[0045] Step 4.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 1.2 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

[0046] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a second logic control flowchart for a fast power control device. Figure 5 Taking step 81 as an example, through Figure 5The fine-tuning control process of energy storage systems (91), photovoltaic power generation systems (92), and wind power generation systems (93) are described in further detail. Figure 4 Step 81 is the control process of issuing adjustment commands.

[0047] Step 81 can be optimized as follows: Step 81.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system; if the energy storage system is in a discharging state, proceed to step 81.2; if the energy storage system is in a charging state, proceed to step 81.5, which is the fine-tuning control process 92 of the photovoltaic power generation system. Step 81.2: When the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, a power reduction command of 0.4 times the control reference is sent to the energy storage system. Step 81.3: When the adjustable amount of power reduction is less than 0.4 times the control reference, switch to charging mode. When the ∑ discharge power + charging power adjustment amount is greater than or equal to 0.4 times the control reference, send a discharge to charge command to the energy storage system. The charging power is: 0.4 times the control reference - discharge power. Step 81.4: When the ∑ discharge power + charging power adjustment amount < 0.4 times the control benchmark, a discharge to charge command is sent to the energy storage system. The charging power is the maximum rechargeable power. Then, proceed to step 81.5, that is, switch to the fine-tuning control process of the photovoltaic power generation system 92. Step 81.5: When the sum of photovoltaic power reduction and the total adjustment of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction command is issued to the photovoltaic power generation system. The power reduction value is: 0.4 times the control benchmark - the total adjustment of the energy storage system. Step 81.6: When the sum of photovoltaic power reduction and the total adjustment of the energy storage system is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction command is issued to the photovoltaic power generation system. The power reduction value is the maximum adjustable amount, and the process switches to the fine-tuning control process 93 of the wind power generation system, i.e., proceeding to step 81.7. Step 81.7: When ∑ wind power reduction + (overall adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system) ≥ 0.4 times the control benchmark, issue a power reduction command to the wind power generation system. The power reduction value is: 0.4 times the control benchmark - (overall adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system). Step 81.8: When ∑ wind power reduction + (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system) < 0.4 times the control benchmark, issue a power reduction command to the wind power generation system. The power reduction value is the maximum adjustable amount until standby.

[0048] Figure 4The control process for issuing adjustment commands in steps 82 and 83 is similar, except that the control reference multiple is adjusted accordingly. Step 82 shifts to fine-tuning control similar to steps 91, 92, and 93, adjusting the control power from 0.4 times the control reference to 0.7 times the control reference. Step 83 shifts to fine-tuning control similar to steps 91, 92, and 93, adjusting the control power from 0.4 times the control reference to 1.2 times the control reference.

[0049] It should be noted that both the control reference and the multiple of the set value can be set and adjusted later based on actual operating experience. When the calculated power is ≥1.7×S control reference, the power reduction control adjustment release value is reached. At this time, the fast power control device returns to the power regulation control process and does not issue control commands.

[0050] The above adjustment process fully utilizes the flexible charging and discharging adjustment function of the energy storage system, prioritizing the control and regulation of the energy storage system, and secondarily using the power reduction control of new energy power generation systems such as photovoltaic and wind power.

[0051] The above provides a method for setting the control strategy. After the system is put into operation, empirical values ​​can also be calculated based on the actual operating conditions, and the set values ​​can be finely adjusted based on the empirical values.

[0052] The fast power control device collects the current and bus voltage of the tie line and calculates the power of the tie line. One cycle is 20ms. In order to avoid instantaneous load fluctuations or interference jitter signals, several cycles of continuous sampling values ​​are usually used as the reference, which takes about 100ms. In addition, the transmission time difference of optical fiber communication is several milliseconds. The energy storage also needs nearly 100ms to switch from discharging to charging. In addition, the adjustment response time of each system is at least tens of milliseconds. The overall adjustment time can be controlled within 0.5s, which means that its control accuracy is less than 1 second.

[0053] Wind power, photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems, etc., act as substations receiving control commands from the master station, and simultaneously receive adjustment commands from the fast power control device. When commands from both the master station and the fast power control device are received at the same time, the following principles apply: the fast power control device's commands take precedence over the master station's coarse control. When the master station issues an increase in power while the fast power control device issues a decrease in power, only the decrease in power command is executed; when both the master station issues a decrease in power and the fast power control device issues a decrease in power, the sum of the decrease in power commands is executed for wind power, PV, and other power generation systems.

[0054] The coarse and fine control of the above anti-reverse flow control system can ensure that there is no reverse power flow in the tie line under normal operating conditions. However, there is a load change under a fault condition, namely, the load shedding when the main transformer of the substation or the outgoing line of different voltage levels trips the circuit breaker due to a fault. Faced with the load change under this sudden fault condition, the minute and second-level control accuracy of coarse and fine control cannot effectively guarantee that there is no reverse power flow in the tie line. At this time, an additional line of defense is needed, namely the third control: fine shearing.

[0055] (III) A third level of control for an integrated source-grid-load-storage system and a backflow prevention control system for public power grid interconnection lines, detailed process: Figure 6 The diagram shows the first topology of the third-level control system: Taking substation #2 as an example, a Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 is deployed on the 10kV busbar 40 of substation #2. The Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 is connected to the busbar equipment cabinet 41, the first load outgoing cabinet 42, the second load outgoing cabinet 43, the third load outgoing cabinet 44, the first photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 45, the second photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 46, the third photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 47, the first energy storage outgoing cabinet 48, and the second energy storage outgoing cabinet 49 via the 10kV busbar 40. The Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 collects the current and protection action signals of the load outgoing cabinets that need to be controlled.

[0056] Assuming the load outgoing cabinets 1 through 3 need to be controlled, the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 is connected to the secondary current of the current transformer 53 of the first load outgoing cabinet 42, the second load outgoing cabinet 43, and the third load outgoing cabinet 44, and the protection action signal of the protection device 51; the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 is also connected to the current of all photovoltaic outgoing cabinets connected to the 10kV busbar 40, namely the current of the first photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 45, the second photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 46, and the third photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 47. The secondary current of current transformer 53; due to the dual characteristics of the energy storage system as both load and power source, the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 is connected to the current and protection operation signals of all energy storage outgoing cabinets connected to the 10kV bus 40, namely the secondary current of current transformer 53 of the first energy storage outgoing cabinet 48 and the second energy storage outgoing cabinet 49 and the protection operation signal of protection device 51; the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 is connected to the secondary voltage of voltage transformer 54 of bus equipment cabinet 41 connected to the 10kV bus 40. The outlet of the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 is connected one-to-one with the tripping circuit of the circuit breaker 52 of the above outgoing cabinets.

[0057] The aforementioned load outgoing switchgear that needs to be controlled can be selected according to the following principles: Classify the 10kV load outgoing switchgear of the substation according to the historical load curve and the load power prediction curve. 10kV load outgoing switchgear with S outgoing load ≤ 1.2×S control benchmark will not participate in the control, so as to reduce the range of the third fine-tuning control. This is because even if such lines experience fault tripping and load shedding, they will still be within the control range of the second level of control - fine-tuning. Only 10kV load outgoing switchgear with S outgoing load > 1.2×S control benchmark will be included in the fine-tuning control range.

[0058] The power matching process of the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 is as follows: The Type I outlet linkage control device 55 can calculate the power of each load outlet cabinet, photovoltaic outlet cabinet, and energy storage outlet cabinet by collecting the voltage and current, and match all load outlets with the power input power according to the load and power matching relationship. The selection principle of the power circuit during matching is as follows: First, energy storage in the discharge state is given priority; second, when the total power of energy storage in the discharge state is less than the load outlet power, the photovoltaic outlet is included in the power matching; finally, the total power of the power outlet closest to the load power is selected, and the total power of the power outlet is greater than or equal to the load outlet power; when the total power of the power outlet is less than the load outlet power, and the power deficit (load outlet power - total power outlet power) is greater than 1.2×S control benchmark, the power matching deficit value needs to be reported to the next level Type II outlet linkage control device through the optical port.

[0059] Special attention should be paid to energy storage outputs that are in a charging state and meet the conditions for control, which are then treated as load outputs for power matching.

[0060] During normal operation, the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 performs power calculations and completes power matching, storing the results. When a fault occurs in a load line requiring control, the outlet linkage control program is activated. The specific process is as follows: Step 61.1: Use the power direction element to determine whether each energy storage output line is in a charging or discharging state. Energy storage output lines in a discharging state are considered as power supply circuits, while energy storage output lines in a charging state are considered as load circuits. When the charging power is greater than 1.2 times the control reference, the energy storage output line is included in the fine-tuned control range as a load. Step 61.2: Perform power matching on the load outgoing lines (including the first charging energy storage outgoing line) and power outgoing lines included in the fine-cut control range. The matching principle is as follows: Select the ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) that is closest to the power of a certain load outgoing line for matching, and ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) ≥ load outgoing line power; give priority to selecting the energy storage outgoing lines in the discharging state to participate in the calculation of ∑(total power of power outgoing lines). Only when the total power of energy storage outgoing lines < load outgoing line power, will the photovoltaic outgoing lines be included in the calculation of ∑(total power of power outgoing lines). Step 61.3: When the total power output of all power supply lines ∑ (total power output of power supply lines) is less than the power output of the load lines, and the power deficit (power output of load lines - total power output of power supply lines) is greater than 1.2×S control benchmark, a remote power linkage value of load line power output - ∑ (total power output of power supply lines) is sent to the Type II outlet linkage control device configured at the next higher voltage level for power matching calculation. At the same time as the Type I outlet linkage control device takes action, a remote outlet linkage signal is sent to the Type II outlet linkage control device.

[0061] Step 61.4: Store the above calculation and matching results in a rolling data format.

[0062] The output linkage control process of the Type I output linkage control device is illustrated using the second load output cabinet 43 as an example. The specific process is as follows: Step 62.1: By comparing the three-phase current of the second load outgoing cabinet of the access device with the set value, it is determined whether there is a fault in the circuit. Combined with the protection action signal of the second load outgoing cabinet, if both conditions are met, the matching result of the second load outgoing cabinet 43 before the fault is retrieved from the storage.

[0063] Step 62.2: Based on the matching results before the fault, perform output linkage control. The following is an explanation under several assumptions: Assumption 1: If the second load outgoing line cabinet 43 is matched with the first energy storage outgoing line cabinet 48 and the second energy storage outgoing line cabinet 49, then the output linkage will synchronously trip the circuit breakers of the second load outgoing line cabinet 43, the first energy storage outgoing line cabinet 48, and the second energy storage outgoing line cabinet 49, and issue an output linkage action signal. Assumption 2: If the first photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 45 and the second energy storage outgoing cabinet 49 are under maintenance, their calculated power is 0. The second load outgoing cabinet 43 is matched with the first energy storage outgoing cabinet 48, the second photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 46, and the third photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 47, and ∑(total power output of power sources) < load outgoing power, then the circuit breakers of the second load outgoing cabinet 43, the first energy storage outgoing cabinet 48, the second photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 46, and the third photovoltaic outgoing cabinet 47 will trip synchronously, and an output linkage action signal will be issued. It should be noted that, for the case of step 61.3, a remote output linkage signal is simultaneously sent to the Type II output linkage control device configured at the next higher voltage level. The Type II output linkage control device, based on its own criteria and matching results, will then link the circuit breakers of the new energy outgoing bay connected to the next higher voltage level.

[0064] Preferably, through the third control of the present invention—the fine-cutting process, the faulty load outgoing line cabinet and the power outgoing line cabinet with matching power can be simultaneously and jointly disconnected. The total power of the disconnected power outgoing lines is greater than or equal to the load outgoing line power, thereby meeting the backflow prevention requirements of the integrated power source-grid-load-storage project and the public power grid interconnection line.

[0065] Figure 7 The diagram shows the second topology of the third-level control system: taking substation #1 as an example, a Type II outlet linkage control device 75 is deployed on the 110kV busbar corresponding to substation #1. In substation #1, the 110kV busbar 2 is connected to the first line 61 to substation #2, the second line 62 to substation #2, the first new energy line 63, the second new energy line 64, the bus tie 65, the incoming line of main transformer #1 66, the first busbar equipment 67, and the second busbar equipment 68. The Type II outgoing linkage control device 75 collects the current and protection action signals of the load outgoing line cabinets that need to be controlled. Assuming the cabinets to be controlled are the first line 61 bay to substation #2, the second line 62 bay to substation #2, and the incoming line 66 bay of main transformer #1, then the Type II outgoing linkage control device 75 connects to the secondary current of the current transformer 72 and the protection action signals of the protection device 73 in the first line 61 bay and the second line 62 bay to substation #2, as well as the secondary current of the current transformer 72 and the protection action signals of the protection device 74 in the incoming line 66 bay of main transformer #1; the Type II outgoing linkage control device 75 connects to the new energy first... The secondary current of current transformer 72 in bay 63 of line and bay 64 of the second new energy line is connected; the secondary voltage of voltage transformer 70 in bay 67 of the first busbar equipment is connected; the secondary voltage of voltage transformer 71 in bay 68 of the second busbar equipment is connected; the secondary voltage of voltage transformer 71 in bay 68 of the second busbar equipment is connected; the secondary voltage of voltage transformer 72 in bay 61 of the first line to substation #2, bay 62 of the second line to substation #2, bay 66 of the incoming line to main transformer #1, bay 63 of the first new energy line, and bay 64 of the second new energy line is connected; and the secondary voltage of voltage transformer 72 in bay 64 of the second new energy line is connected. The output of the secondary voltage transformer 75 is connected one-to-one with the tripping circuit of circuit breaker DL in bay 61 of the first line to substation #2, bay 62 of the second line to substation #2, bay 66 of the incoming line to main transformer #1, bay 63 of the first new energy line, and bay 64 of the second new energy line.

[0066] The Type II output linkage control device 75 determines the operating mode by collecting the 1G and 2G position signals of the first line 61 bay to substation #2, the second line 62 bay to substation #2, the incoming line 66 bay of main transformer #1, the first new energy line 63 bay, the second new energy line 64 bay, and the 1G, 2G, and DL position signals of the bus tie 65 bay. It confirms which load outgoing lines and new energy lines are connected to the same bus section. Only load outgoing lines and new energy lines connected to the same bus section can form a corresponding relationship.

[0067] Similar to the Type I outlet linkage control device, the 110kV load outgoing line bays that need to be controlled, as mentioned above, can be selected according to the following principles: The 110kV load outgoing line bays of the substation are classified according to historical load curves and load power prediction curves. 110kV load outgoing line bays with a S outgoing line load ≤ 1.2 × S control benchmark are not included in the control, thus reducing the third-level fine-tuning control range. This is because even if such lines experience fault tripping and load shedding, they are still within the second-level control—fine-tuning control range. Only 110kV load outgoing line bays with a S outgoing line load > 1.2 × S control benchmark are included in the fine-tuning control range. In actual operation, the load on 110kV lines is much larger than that on 10kV lines, and usually all 110kV load outgoing line bays are included in the control range. Unlike the Type I outlet linkage control device, the Type II outlet linkage control device 75 needs to process the remote power linkage value sent by the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 at the next voltage level and match it with a 110kV power supply line for outlet linkage control.

[0068] right Figure 7 The power matching process of the Type II outlet linkage control device 75 shown is as follows: Step 71.1: The Type II outlet linkage control device 75 determines the operating mode by collecting the 1G and 2G position signals of each bay and the 1G, 2G, and DL position signals of the bus tie 65 bay. It then identifies the load outgoing line bays and new energy line bays connected to different 110kV bus sections and performs power matching for different bus sections. The Type II outlet linkage control device 75 calculates the power of each load outgoing line bay (main transformer incoming lines are considered load outgoing line bays) and new energy line bay by collecting voltage and current data, and matches the power of all load outgoing lines with the power of the incoming power according to the load and power supply matching relationship. Specifically: power matching is performed on load outgoing lines and new energy power outgoing lines included in the fine-cut control range. The matching principle is as follows: the ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) closest to the power of a certain load outgoing line is selected for matching, and ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) ≥ load outgoing line power. When all new energy outgoing lines of this voltage have participated in matching, it is no longer required that the condition ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) ≥ load outgoing line power must be met. Step 71.2: Unlike the Type I outlet linkage control device, the Type II outlet linkage control device 75 needs to process the remote power switching value sent by the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 at the next voltage level. It treats each load outgoing cabinet of the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 as an independent load outgoing line for power matching, virtually creating one 110kV load outgoing line interval for it, and identifying it according to the set conditions. Figure 7 Which of the following three bays—bay 61 of the first line to substation #2, bay 62 of the second line to substation #2, and bay 66 of the incoming line to main transformer #1—provides power to the substation?

[0069] Step 71.3: The Type II outlet linkage control device 75 performs power calculation and completes power matching, and stores the above results. When a fault occurs in the outgoing line of a load that needs to be controlled, the outlet linkage control program is activated.

[0070] Combination Figure 7 The output linkage control process of the Type II output linkage control device is illustrated using bay 66 of the #1 main transformer incoming line as an example: Step 72.1: Compare the three-phase current of the #1 main transformer incoming line 66 bay with the set value to determine whether the bay is faulty. Combine this with the protection action signal of the #1 main transformer incoming line 66 bay. If both conditions are met, retrieve the stored power matching result of the #1 main transformer incoming line 66 bay before the fault.

[0071] Step 72.2: Based on the matching results before the fault, perform output linkage control. The following is an explanation under several assumptions: Assumption 1: If the #1 main transformer incoming line bay is matched with the new energy first line 63 bay, then the output linkage synchronous trips the circuit breakers of the #1 main transformer incoming line 66 bay and the new energy first line 63 bay, and sends an output linkage action signal. Assumption 2: If the incoming line bay of the #1 main transformer is matched with the 63 bay of the first new energy line and the 64 bay of the second new energy line, then the circuit breakers of the #1 main transformer incoming line 66 bay, the 63 bay of the first new energy line and the 64 bay of the second new energy line will be tripped simultaneously, and an outgoing linkage action signal will be issued.

[0072] The following section uses the example of the hierarchical cooperation between the Type II outlet linkage control device 75 and the Type I outlet linkage control device 55 to illustrate the outlet linkage control process, and combines it with... Figure 7 A detailed description is also provided, including the following steps: Step 72.3: The Type II outgoing linkage control device 75 receives the remote outgoing linkage signal sent by the Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 of substation #2, identifies which load outgoing cabinet of the Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 sent the signal, identifies the first line 61 bay and the second line 62 bay of substation #2 as its power supply lines, and judges whether there is a fault component by collecting the secondary current of the current transformer 72 of the bay. If the remote outgoing linkage signal is received and the outgoing cabinet of the next-level Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 is indeed faulty by judging by the current, then the matching result before the fault of the virtual 110kV load outgoing bay corresponding to step 71.2 is retrieved.

[0073] Step 72.4: Based on the matching results before the fault, identify which 110kV line of this voltage level is the power supply corresponding to the Type I outlet linkage control device of the next voltage level. By comparing the three-phase current of the 110kV line bay connected to the device with the set value, determine whether there is a fault in the outgoing branch of the next voltage level. Combined with the received remote outlet linkage signal, if both conditions are met, then outlet linkage control is performed. The following explains several hypothetical scenarios: Assumption 1: The first load outgoing cabinet 42 of the Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 sends a remote outgoing linkage signal. The power line matching result of the virtual 110kV load line is: the first line 61 to substation #2 is the power supply corresponding to the Type I outgoing linkage control device of the next voltage level. The power matching result is the first new energy line 63 bay. By comparing the three-phase current of the first line 61 bay to substation #2 with the set value, a fault component is confirmed. Combined with the remote outgoing linkage signal sent by the first load outgoing cabinet 42 of the Type I outgoing linkage control device, both conditions are met. Therefore, the circuit breaker of the first new energy line 63 bay will trip synchronously. Assumption 2: The second load outgoing cabinet 43 of the Type I outgoing linkage control device 55 sends a remote outgoing linkage signal. The result of the power line matching for the virtual 110kV load is: the second line 62 to substation #2 is the power supply corresponding to the Type I outgoing linkage control device of the next voltage level. The power matching result is the first new energy line 63 bay and the second new energy line 64 bay. By comparing the three-phase current of the second line 62 bay to substation #2 with the set value, a fault component is confirmed. Combined with the remote outgoing linkage signal sent by the second load outgoing cabinet 43 of the Type I outgoing linkage control device, both conditions are met. Therefore, the circuit breakers of the first new energy line 63 bay and the second new energy line 64 bay will trip synchronously due to the outgoing linkage.

[0074] It should be noted that although the output linkage control device ensures the synchronization of tripping at the outputs of each switchgear or bay, considering the differences in circuit breaker mechanisms, the entire operation time of different circuit breaker mechanisms may differ by up to about 5ms. One cycle is 20ms, and the microcomputer device typically samples dozens of points per cycle. 5ms accounts for a quarter of one cycle, with about 6 to 16 sampling points. Such a small number of sampling points can be ignored for telemetry, which has a resolution of s. The power in the reverse direction in 5ms is basically imperceptible on the public power grid side.

[0075] The output linkage control device of the present invention is set up in layers. In this case, there are two layers: 110kV and 10kV. The upper and lower layers cooperate with each other, with the upper layer serving as a backup for the lower layer to supplement the control of the lower layer. Figure 5 Taking the 10kV substation #2 as an example, one Type I outlet linkage control device is configured, and Figure 7Taking the 110kV substation of substation #1 as an example, one Type II outlet linkage control device is configured. For the present invention... Figure 1 The diagram shows the system wiring diagram for the integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage project. A complete output linkage control device also requires one Type I output linkage control device to be configured at the 10kV level of Substation #1. Therefore, this invention configures a total of three output linkage control devices: one Type II output linkage control device for 110kV voltage and two Type I output linkage control devices for 10kV voltage. The Type I and Type II output linkage control devices are connected via optical ports to transmit information.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A source-grid-load-storage integrated anti-reverse current control system for public power grid interconnection lines, characterized in that: The integrated power generation, grid, load, and storage system with the public power grid connection line includes at least one substation, with one of the substations serving as the main substation. The main substation is connected to the public power grid substation, the centralized wind power booster station, and / or other substations. The anti-backflow control system of the connection system includes a first-level control process as a coarse control process and a second-level control process as a fine adjustment process; The first layer of control includes the integrated source-grid-load-storage control platform (21), which is the master station layer. The master station layer is connected to the substation layer through the communication layer. The communication layer is the transmission equipment (22). The substation layer includes the substation (23), energy storage system (24), distributed photovoltaic system (25), and centralized wind power system (26). The second layer of control includes installing a fast power control device (35) in the main substation, using a direct fiber optic connection to enable communication between the fast power control device (35) and the EMS energy management system of the energy storage system (24), the power control systems of the distributed photovoltaic system (25) and the centralized wind power system (26); the energy storage system (24) sends the charging and discharging status, charging and discharging power, and SOC value to the fast power control device (35), and receives charging and discharging adjustment and power reduction adjustment commands issued by the fast power control device (35); the distributed photovoltaic system (25) Sends power generation status, power generation and adjustable information to the fast power control device (35) and receives power reduction adjustment instructions issued by the fast power control device (35); The centralized wind power system (26) sends power generation status, power generation and adjustable information to the fast power control device (35) and receives power reduction adjustment instructions issued by the fast power control device (35); Data interaction is realized through the direct optical fiber communication channel, and the fast power control device (35) can keep track of the operating status and adjustable power information of the power generation system and the energy storage system in real time.

2. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main substation is the #1 main transformer (1); the #1 main transformer (1) is connected to the first public power grid connection line (11) and the second public power grid connection line (12) via the 110kV bus (2), and is thus connected to the first public power grid substation (4) and the second public power grid substation (5) at the next higher level, respectively. The main substation is equipped with a first bay (31) and a second bay (32). The first bay (31) is connected to the first public grid connection line (11), and the second bay (32) is connected to the second public grid connection line (12). Current transformers and voltage transformers are installed on the first public grid connection line (11). The fast power control device (35) collects the measurement level current (33) and measurement level voltage (34) of the first bay (31) and the second bay (32) respectively, so as to calculate the power of the two connection lines of the first public grid connection line (11) and the second public grid connection line (12) respectively.

3. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first type of logic control of the fast power control device (35) includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the setpoint to 1.5 times the S control reference, and calculate the tie line power of the first public grid tie line (11) and the second public grid tie line (12) respectively; if the calculated power is greater than 1.5 times the S control reference, return to the previous level program; if the calculated power is less than or equal to 1.5 times the S control reference, further determine whether it is less than or equal to 1.3 times the S control reference. Step 2: When the calculated power is ≤ 1.3 × S control benchmark, further determine whether the calculated power is less than 1 times S control benchmark. If the calculated power is greater than 1 times S control benchmark, the first setpoint control condition is triggered, and a power reduction command of 0.4 × S control benchmark is issued to the energy storage system and the wind power and photovoltaic power generation system. At this time, if the energy storage system is in the discharge state, the power is reduced; if it is in the standby state, it is adjusted to the charging state; if the energy storage system is in the charging state or the SOC is full, only the photovoltaic and wind power generation systems are adjusted, and the adjustment degree is S power reduction = 0.4 × S control benchmark. Step 3: If the calculated power is ≤ 1 times the S control benchmark, then it is further determined whether the calculated power is less than 0.5 times the S control benchmark. If the calculated power is greater than 0.5 times the S control benchmark, then the second setpoint control condition is triggered. The second setpoint is 1 × S control benchmark. When the calculated power is ≤ 1 × S control benchmark, a power reduction command of 0.7 × S control benchmark is issued to the energy storage system and the wind power and photovoltaic power generation system. At this time, if the energy storage system is in the discharge state, the power is reduced. If it is in the standby state, it is adjusted to the charging state. If the energy storage system is in the charging state or the SOC is full, only the photovoltaic and wind power generation systems are adjusted. The adjustment degree is S power reduction = 0.7 × S control benchmark. Step 4: If the calculated power is ≤ 0.5 times the S control benchmark, the third setpoint control condition is triggered, and a power reduction command of 1.2 × S control benchmark is issued to the energy storage system and the wind power, photovoltaic and other power generation systems. At this time, if the energy storage system is in the discharge state, the power is reduced; if it is in the standby state, it is adjusted to the charging state; if the energy storage system is in the charging state or the SOC is full, only the photovoltaic, wind power and other power generation systems are adjusted, and the adjustment degree is S power reduction = 1.2 × S control benchmark. In the most extreme case, when the power reduction required is greater than the power that the power generation system can regulate, and the energy storage system has no regulation margin, the power generation drops to 0 and goes into standby mode.

4. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 2 is as follows: Step 2.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and power information transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 0.4 times the control reference is sent to the energy storage system; if the adjustable power reduction is < 0.4 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and the charging power adjustment is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, a discharge to charge command is issued to the energy storage system, and the charging power is 0.4 times the control reference minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 2.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 0.4 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 2.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 0.4 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

5. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 2 can also be: Step 81.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system; if the energy storage system is in a discharging state, proceed to step 81.2; if the energy storage system is in a charging state, proceed to step 81.

5. Step 81.2: When the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 0.4 times the control reference, a power reduction command of 0.4 times the control reference is sent to the energy storage system. Step 81.3: When the adjustable amount of power reduction is less than 0.4 times the control reference, switch to charging mode. When the ∑ discharge power + charging power adjustment amount is greater than or equal to 0.4 times the control reference, send a discharge to charge command to the energy storage system. The charging power is: 0.4 times the control reference - discharge power. Step 81.4: When the sum of discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, a discharge-to-charge command is sent to the energy storage system. The charging power is the maximum rechargeable power. Then proceed to step 81.

5. Step 81.5: When the sum of photovoltaic power reduction and the total adjustment of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction command is issued to the photovoltaic power generation system. The power reduction value is: 0.4 times the control benchmark - the total adjustment of the energy storage system. Step 81.6: When the sum of photovoltaic power reduction and the total adjustment of the energy storage system is less than 0.4 times the control benchmark, a power reduction command is issued to the photovoltaic power generation system. The power reduction value is the maximum adjustable amount, and then proceed to step 81.

7. Step 81.7: When ∑ wind power reduction + (overall adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system) ≥ 0.4 times the control benchmark, issue a power reduction command to the wind power generation system. The power reduction value is: 0.4 times the control benchmark - (overall adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system). Step 81.8: When ∑ wind power reduction + (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system) < 0.4 times the control benchmark, issue a power reduction command to the wind power generation system. The power reduction value is the maximum adjustable amount until standby.

6. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 3 specifically includes: Step 3.1: Prioritize adjusting the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and power information transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction limit is ≥ 0.7 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 0.7 times the control reference is issued to the energy storage system; if the adjustable limit is < 0.7 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and the charging power adjustment is ≥ 0.7 times the control reference, a discharge to charge command is issued to the energy storage system, and the charging power is 0.7 times the control reference minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 0.7 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 3.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 0.7 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 0.7 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 0.7 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 3.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 0.7 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

7. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 4 specifically includes: Step 4.1: Prioritize the adjustment of the energy storage system, and analyze the data based on the charging / discharging status and charging / discharging power information transmitted from the energy storage system: If it is in charging mode, there is no adjustment margin, and the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. If the system is in a discharge state and the adjustable power reduction is ≥ 1.2 times the control reference, then a power reduction command of 1.2 times the control reference is issued to the energy storage system; if the adjustable power reduction is < 1.2 times the control reference, When the sum of the energy storage's discharge power and charging power adjustment is ≥ 1.2 times the control benchmark, a discharge-to-charge command is issued to the energy storage system, with the charging power being 1.2 times the control benchmark minus the discharge power. When the sum of the energy storage discharge power and charging power adjustment is less than 1.2 times the control benchmark, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 4.2: Adjustment of the photovoltaic system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is ≥ 1.2 times the control benchmark, a power reduction adjustment command is issued to the photovoltaic system. The power reduction value is 1.2 times the control benchmark minus the overall adjustment of the energy storage system. When the sum of the power reduction of the photovoltaic system and the overall adjustment of the energy storage system is < 1.2 times the control benchmark, the wind power generation system needs to be adjusted. Step 4.3: Adjustment of the wind power system. Send a power reduction adjustment command to the wind power system. The power reduction value is 1.2 times the control benchmark - (total adjustment amount of photovoltaic + energy storage system).

8. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third level of control, which is the fine-cutting process; In any other substation, a Type I outlet linkage control device (55) is deployed. The Type I outlet linkage control device (55) is connected to a busbar equipment cabinet (41), a first load outgoing cabinet (42), a second load outgoing cabinet (43), a third load outgoing cabinet (44), a first photovoltaic outgoing cabinet (45), a second photovoltaic outgoing cabinet (46), a third photovoltaic outgoing cabinet (47), a first energy storage outgoing cabinet (48), and a second energy storage outgoing cabinet (49) via a 10kV busbar (40). The Type I outlet linkage control device (55) collects the current and protection action signals of the load outgoing cabinets that need to be controlled. The power matching process of the Type I outlet linkage control device (55) is as follows: The Type I outlet linkage control device (55) calculates the power of each load outlet cabinet, photovoltaic outlet cabinet, and energy storage outlet cabinet by collecting the voltage and current, and matches all load outlets with the power input power according to the load and power matching relationship. The selection principle of the power circuit during matching is as follows: First, energy storage in the discharge state is given priority; second, when the total power of energy storage in the discharge state is less than the load outlet power, the photovoltaic outlet is included in the power supply for matching; finally, the total power of the power outlet closest to the load power is selected, and the total power of the power outlet is greater than or equal to the load outlet power; when the total power of the power outlet is less than the load outlet power, and the power deficit (load outlet power - total power outlet power) is greater than 1.2×S control benchmark, the power matching deficit value needs to be reported to the next level Type II outlet linkage control device through the optical port.

9. The integrated source-grid-load-storage and public power grid interconnection anti-reverse control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Type I outlet linkage control device (55) performs power calculation and completes power matching, stores the above results, and starts the outlet linkage control program when a load that needs to be controlled fails. The specific process is as follows: Step 61.1: Use the power direction element to determine whether each energy storage output line is in a charging or discharging state. Energy storage output lines in a discharging state are considered as power supply circuits, while energy storage output lines in a charging state are considered as load circuits. When the charging power is greater than 1.2 times the control reference, the energy storage output line is included in the fine-tuned control range as a load. Step 61.2: Perform power matching on the load outgoing lines and power outgoing lines included in the fine-cut control range. The matching principle is as follows: Select the ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) that is closest to the power of a certain load outgoing line for matching, and ∑(total power of power outgoing lines) ≥ load outgoing line power; prioritize the energy storage outgoing lines in the discharge state to participate in the calculation of ∑(total power of power outgoing lines). Only when the total power of energy storage outgoing lines < load outgoing line power, will the photovoltaic outgoing lines be included in the calculation of ∑(total power of power outgoing lines). Step 61.3: When the total power output of all power supply lines ∑ (total power output of power supply lines) < the power output of the load lines, and the power deficit (power output of load lines - total power output of power supply lines) > 1.2 × S control benchmark, a remote power linkage value of load line power output - ∑ (total power output of power supply lines) is sent to the Type II outlet linkage control device configured at the next higher voltage level for power matching calculation. At the same time as the Type I outlet linkage control device takes action, a remote outlet linkage signal is sent to the Type II outlet linkage control device. Step 61.4: Store the above calculation and matching results in a rolling data format.

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