A turning apparatus for a shaft member

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of turning processing equipment for shaft piece, it is related to the technical field of turning machine tool, including turning mechanism and pedestal, the side of the pedestal is provided with turning mechanism, at least one support seat is provided on the pedestal, the side wall of the support seat is provided with clamping arm, clamp is provided on the support seat, slide rail is provided on the pedestal, sliding assembly is provided on the slide rail, the sliding assembly is slidably connected along slide rail, the side of the sliding assembly close to clamp is provided with alignment assembly, the alignment assembly is used to workpiece and detects shaft and workpiece surface;Controller controls clamping arm to be processed workpiece to the side close to clamp is transported, when workpiece is transported to clamp, clamp is clamped and fixed to workpiece, then sliding assembly moves to the side close to clamp along slide rail, sliding assembly moves in the process to drive alignment assembly to move, so that alignment assembly processes workpiece to shaft, avoid workpiece in eccentric state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turning machine tool technology, specifically a turning equipment for shaft components. Background Technology

[0002] A turning machine tool is a machine tool used for cutting workpieces. It is widely used in the field of machinery manufacturing and is mainly used for machining rotating parts such as shafts and discs. Traditional turning machine tools typically include components such as a base, spindle box, tool post, and tailstock. They complete the machining of surfaces such as outer diameters, inner holes, and end faces by rotating the workpiece and moving the cutting tool.

[0003] However, existing turning machine tools often lack effective online detection functions during the machining process, and the workpiece is prone to eccentricity during clamping, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy. At the same time, parameters such as the surface quality and hole depth of the machined workpiece need to be detected offline, which is not only inefficient, but may also introduce errors due to repeated clamping. In addition, the cooling and chip removal control of traditional equipment is not precise enough during the machining process, which can easily affect the machining quality and tool life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a turning machine for shaft components to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A turning machine for shafts includes a turning mechanism and a base. The turning mechanism is provided on one side of the base. At least one support seat is provided on the base. A clamping arm is provided on the side wall of the support seat. A fixture is provided on the support seat. A slide rail is provided on the base. A sliding component is provided on the slide rail. The sliding component is slidably connected along the slide rail. An alignment component is provided on the side of the sliding component near the fixture. The alignment component is used to inspect the workpiece relative to the shaft and the workpiece surface.

[0007] The alignment assembly consists of a sleeve and an alignment cone, the alignment cone being composed of several semi-circular cones, the bottoms of which are combined to form a pointed cone.

[0008] The controller controls the clamping arm to transport the workpiece to be processed to the side closer to the fixture. After the workpiece is transported to the fixture, the fixture clamps and fixes the workpiece. Then, the sliding component moves along the slide rail to the side closer to the fixture. During the movement, the sliding component drives the alignment component to move, so that the alignment component performs axis alignment processing on the workpiece to avoid the workpiece being in an eccentric state.

[0009] Preferably, the sleeve is located on the side of the sliding assembly near the clamp, and the alignment cone is disposed on the side of the sleeve near the clamp.

[0010] By setting an alignment cone on the sleeve, the alignment cone can both perform workpiece alignment detection and act as a positioning cone, so that the alignment cone leaves a positioning point on the workpiece surface under the action of the sliding component.

[0011] Preferably, the sleeve is provided with a ramp on the side near the alignment cone, the semi-circular cone is provided with a moving block on the side near the ramp, the moving block is slidably connected along the ramp, and a spring is provided between the moving block and the ramp.

[0012] As the moving ring moves closer to the alignment cone, the pushing block also pushes several moving blocks, causing them to move along the inclined path. This causes the semi-circular cones to move closer to the sleeve axis. At this time, the semi-circular cones are moving synchronously at the same speed. When the pushing block moves to the maximum stroke, the semi-circular cones combine to form an alignment cone. In the state of combining to form an alignment cone, there is no gap between two adjacent semi-circular cones.

[0013] When the moving ring moves in the opposite direction, it drives the pushing block to reset, causing the pushing block to gradually move away from the moving block. Then, after the moving block loses the pushing force of the pushing block, it is pulled by the spring, causing the moving block to drive the semi-circular cone to reset along the inclined path, causing several semi-circular cones to separate again. During the separation process, there is a gap between two adjacent semi-circular cones.

[0014] Preferably, the sleeve has a plurality of rotating grooves on its wall, and a detection block is disposed in each of the rotating grooves. The detection block is rotatably connected to the rotating groove. The sleeve has a cavity inside, and a rotating column is disposed in the cavity. A movable ring is disposed on the rotating column. The movable ring and the rotating column are driven by a screw and nut. A hinge seat is disposed on the side wall of the movable ring and on the side of the detection block near the sleeve axis. A hinge rod is disposed between two of the hinge seats.

[0015] During the rotation of the rotating column, the moving ring is driven by a screw and nut, causing the rotating column to drive the moving ring to move. The moving ring moves along the axis of the rotating column. When the moving ring moves closer to the alignment cone, it pushes the hinge rod to move. During the movement of the hinge rod, it pushes the detection block to rotate. The detection block rotates away from the rotating groove, causing it to disengage from the rotating groove. While the detection block is rotating, the sliding component drives the sleeve to move closer to the workpiece. During the movement of the sliding component, the sliding component drives the alignment cone to extend into the drill hole of the workpiece. The alignment cone can be used to check whether the drill depth of the workpiece meets the requirements. However, the rotating detection block will contact the upper surface of the workpiece during the rotation, and thus the detection block can complete the detection of the angle between the plane of the upper surface of the workpiece and the axis of the workpiece.

[0016] When the rotating column reverses, it drives the moving ring to move in the opposite direction, causing the moving ring to rotate away from the alignment cone. During the movement, the moving ring drives the hinge rod to move, which in turn drives the detection block to rotate, causing the detection block to retract into the rotating groove.

[0017] Preferably, a push block is provided at the bottom of the moving ring, and the push block is used to push the semi-circular cone to move.

[0018] As the moving ring moves, it drives the pushing block to move. During the movement, the pushing block will come into contact with the top of several moving blocks, causing the pushing block to push the moving blocks to move.

[0019] Preferably, the sliding assembly is provided with an air slip ring inside, one end of the air slip ring is connected to the rotating column, the side of the air slip ring near the rotating column is rotatably connected to the sleeve, the sliding assembly is also provided with a micro air pump, the micro air pump is connected to the air slip ring through a pipe, and the air slip ring is connected to the cavity.

[0020] Before inspecting the machined workpiece, the controller starts the micro air pump, which draws in outside air and delivers it through a pipe to the air slip ring. The air slip ring then delivers the air into the cavity, causing the gas to move along the cavity towards the side closest to the alignment cone. Since the moving ring has not yet moved, several semi-circular cones are separated, allowing the gas to be ejected through the gap between adjacent semi-circular cones. This allows the gas to be sprayed from the sleeve onto the workpiece surface, cleaning up any remaining debris and preventing it from affecting the inspection quality.

[0021] Preferably, the support base is further provided with a cooling chamber, a cooling pump is provided in the cooling chamber, the cooling pump is connected to a slip ring through a pipe, and the cooling chamber is filled with coolant.

[0022] During the turning process, the controller starts the cooling pump, which draws coolant from the cooling chamber and delivers it through pipes to the air slip ring. Then, it is delivered to the cavity through the air slip ring and finally delivered to the workpiece through the gap between two adjacent semi-circular cones, thus ensuring the cooling of the workpiece and the cutting tool during the turning process.

[0023] Preferably, there is a gap between two adjacent semi-circular cones.

[0024] Preferably, an angle sensor is provided on the side of the detection block away from the sleeve axis.

[0025] During the rotation of the detection block, the angle sensor continuously monitors the rotation angle of the detection block. When the side of the detection block away from the sleeve contacts the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece applies a supporting force to the detection block, causing the detection block to stop rotating under the action of the workpiece. At this time, the angle sensor detects the angle between the axis of the detection block and the axis of the sleeve, thereby obtaining the angle between the plane of the upper surface of the workpiece and the axis of the workpiece, thus detecting whether the surface processing of the workpiece meets the requirements.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The alignment component is moved by the sliding component, and combined with the openable alignment cone structure, automatic alignment and precise positioning are achieved when the workpiece is clamped, effectively avoiding eccentric clamping.

[0028] 2. The alignment cone is composed of multiple semi-circular cones. It can be closed into a complete cone during inspection and separated to form a gas-liquid channel when not inspecting. It can be used for both aligning the shaft and drilling positioning holes, as well as for conveying fluid to the workpiece, without the need for additional fluid pipelines.

[0029] 3. Before testing, air jets are used to remove debris from the workpiece surface to avoid residue affecting the measurement results. During testing, the detection block can rotate adaptively according to the workpiece surface shape. The deployable / retractable detection block, in conjunction with an angle sensor, can detect the workpiece surface flatness, axial angle, and hole depth in real time, realizing online monitoring of key dimensions during processing. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding component and the alignment component;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment component when it is in the detection state.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture and alignment assembly.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment component when it is in a non-detection state.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment component.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Support; 13. Clamp; 14. Slide rail; 15. Sliding assembly;

[0038] 2. Alignment assembly; 21. Sleeve; 22. Alignment cone; 221. Semi-arc cone; 222. Moving block; 23. Inclined track; 24. Rotating groove; 25. Detection block; 26. Cavity; 27. Rotating column; 28. Moving ring; 281. Push block; 29. ​​Hinge seat; 30. Hinge rod; 31. Air slip ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example: Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a turning equipment for shaft components, including a turning mechanism and a base 1. The turning mechanism is provided on one side of the base 1. At least one support seat 11 is provided on the base 1. A clamping arm is provided on the side wall of the support seat 11. A clamp 13 is provided on the support seat 11. A slide rail 14 is provided on the base 1. A sliding component 15 is provided on the slide rail 14. The sliding component 15 is slidably connected along the slide rail 14. An alignment component 2 is provided on the side of the sliding component 15 near the clamp 13. The alignment component 2 is used for workpiece alignment with the shaft and workpiece surface inspection.

[0041] The alignment assembly 2 consists of a sleeve 21 and an alignment cone 22. The alignment cone 22 is composed of a plurality of semi-circular cones 221, and the bottoms of the plurality of semi-circular cones 221 are combined to form a pointed cone.

[0042] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the sleeve 21 is located on the side of the sliding assembly 15 near the clamp 13, and the alignment cone 22 is disposed on the side of the sleeve 21 near the clamp 13.

[0043] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the sleeve 21 is provided with a ramp 23 on the side near the alignment cone 22, and the semi-circular cone 221 is provided with a moving block 222 on the side near the ramp 23. The moving block 222 is slidably connected along the ramp 23, and a spring is provided between the moving block 222 and the ramp 23.

[0044] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, there is a gap between two adjacent semi-circular cones 221.

[0045] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the sleeve 21 has a plurality of rotating grooves 24 on its wall, and a detection block 25 is provided in the rotating groove 24. The detection block 25 is rotatably connected to the rotating groove 24. The sleeve 21 has a cavity 26 inside, and a rotating column 27 is provided in the cavity 26. A moving ring 28 is provided on the rotating column 27. The moving ring 28 and the rotating column 27 are driven by a screw and nut. A hinge seat 29 is provided on the side wall of the moving ring 28 and on the side of the detection block 25 near the axis of the sleeve 21. A hinge rod 30 is provided between two hinge seats 29.

[0046] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, an angle sensor is provided on the side of the detection block 25 away from the axis of the sleeve 21.

[0047] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a pushing block 281 is provided at the bottom of the moving ring 28, and the pushing block 281 is used to push the semi-arc cone 221 to move.

[0048] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, an air slip ring 31 is provided inside the sliding assembly 15. One end of the air slip ring 31 is connected to the rotating column 27. The side of the air slip ring 31 near the rotating column 27 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 21. A micro air pump is also provided inside the sliding assembly 15. The micro air pump is connected to the air slip ring 31 through a pipe. The air slip ring 31 is connected to the cavity 26.

[0049] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a cooling chamber is also provided on the support base 11, a cooling pump is provided in the cooling chamber, the cooling pump is connected to the air slip ring 31 through a pipe, and the cooling chamber is filled with coolant.

[0050] Working principle of the invention:

[0051] The controller controls the clamping arm to transport the workpiece to be processed towards the side closer to the clamp 13. After the workpiece is transported to the clamp 13, the clamp 13 clamps and fixes the workpiece. Then, the sliding assembly 15 moves along the slide rail 14 towards the side closer to the clamp 13. During the movement, the sliding assembly 15 drives the alignment assembly 2 to move, so that the alignment assembly 2 performs axis alignment processing on the workpiece. By providing an alignment cone 22 on the sleeve 21, the alignment cone 22 can not only complete the axis alignment detection of the workpiece, but also act as a positioning cone, so that the alignment cone 22 is in the sliding assembly Under the action of component 15, positioning points are left on the surface of the workpiece. After the positioning points are marked, the sliding component 15 drives the alignment component 2 to move away from the fixture 13, so that the alignment component 2 will not affect the turning operation of the turning mechanism. While the alignment component 2 is moving, the alignment cone 22 formed by several semi-arc cones 221 separates, so that a conveying gap is formed between two adjacent semi-arc cones 221, thereby realizing the function of cooling down the workpiece and the turning position of the turning mechanism. Then the turning mechanism performs turning and drilling processing on the workpiece.

[0052] During the turning process, the controller starts the cooling pump, which draws coolant from the cooling chamber and delivers it through pipes to the air slip ring 31. Then, it is delivered to the cavity 26 through the air slip ring 31. In order to ensure that the coolant can be delivered smoothly through the cavity 26, the diameter of the moving ring 28 is smaller than the diameter of the cavity 26, so that there is a delivery channel between the moving ring 28 and the inner wall of the cavity 26. The coolant is delivered through the delivery channel between the moving ring 28 and the inner wall of the cavity 26, and finally delivered to the workpiece through the gap between the two adjacent semi-circular cones 221. After the coolant is sprayed out from the gap between the two adjacent semi-circular cones 221, the spray direction of the coolant is directed towards the workpiece and the cutting tool of the turning mechanism. The coolant is sprayed out in a dome-shaped arc, so that the coolant covers the workpiece and the cutting tool, thereby ensuring the cooling of the workpiece and the cutting tool during the turning process.

[0053] Before inspecting the machined workpiece, the sliding assembly 15 moves the alignment cone 22 closer to the workpiece. At this time, the distance between the alignment cone 22 and the workpiece is reduced. During the movement of the alignment cone 22, the controller controls the micro air pump to start. The micro air pump draws in outside air and delivers it to the air slip ring 31 through the pipeline. Then, it is delivered to the cavity 26 through the air slip ring 31, so that the gas moves along the cavity 26 closer to the alignment cone 22. Since the moving ring 28 has not moved at this time, several semi-arc cones 221 are in a separated state. The gas can then be ejected through the gap between two adjacent semi-arc cones 221, so that the gas is sprayed from the sleeve 21 onto the surface of the workpiece. This cleans the surface of the workpiece close to the alignment assembly 2 and the residual debris in the drill hole, so as to avoid the residual debris affecting the inspection quality.

[0054] During the rotation of the rotating column 27, it is driven by the screw and nut of the moving ring 28, so that the rotating column 27 drives the moving ring 28 to move. The moving ring 28 moves along the axis of the rotating column 27. When the moving ring 28 moves closer to the alignment cone 22, the moving ring 28 drives the pushing block 281 to move during the movement. The pushing block 281 will contact the top of several moving blocks 222 during the movement.

[0055] As the moving ring 28 moves closer to the alignment cone 22, the pushing block 281 also pushes several moving blocks 222, causing the moving blocks 222 to move along the inclined path 23. This causes the moving blocks 222 to drive the semi-arc cone 221 to move closer to the axis of the sleeve 21. At this time, the semi-arc cones 221 are moving synchronously and at the same speed. When the pushing block 281 moves to the maximum stroke, the semi-arc cones 221 combine to form the alignment cone 22. In the state of combining to form the alignment cone 22, there is no gap between two adjacent semi-arc cones 221.

[0056] Simultaneously, the moving ring 28 pushes the hinge rod 30 to move. During the movement, the hinge rod 30 pushes the detection block 25 to rotate, causing the detection block 25 to rotate away from the rotating groove 24, thus disengaging the detection block 25 from the rotating groove 24. While the detection block 25 rotates, the sliding assembly 15 drives the sleeve 21 to move closer to the workpiece. During this movement, the sliding assembly 15 drives the alignment cone 22 to extend into the drilled hole of the workpiece. At this time, the alignment assembly 2 performs inspection on the workpiece. The alignment cone 22 can be used to check whether the drilled depth of the workpiece meets the requirements. If the alignment cone 22 does not fully extend into the drilled hole of the workpiece, the detection block... If the detection block 25 cannot contact the surface of the workpiece near the alignment cone 22, it means the drilling depth of the workpiece is less than the standard depth. If the alignment cone 22 extends excessively into the drilled hole of the workpiece, the detection block 25 will rotate under the influence of the edge of the drilled hole, meaning the drilling depth of the workpiece is greater than the standard depth. When the drilling depth of the workpiece meets the standard depth, the alignment cone 22 will just extend into the drilled hole of the workpiece, and the detection block 25 will just contact the surface of the workpiece near the alignment cone 22. However, the rotating detection block 25 will contact the upper surface of the workpiece during the rotation process, and thus the detection block 25 can complete the detection of the angle between the plane of the upper surface of the workpiece and the axis of the workpiece.

[0057] During the rotation of the detection block 25, the angle sensor continuously monitors the rotation angle of the detection block 25. When the side of the detection block 25 away from the sleeve 21 contacts the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece applies a supporting force to the detection block 25, causing the detection block 25 to stop rotating under the action of the workpiece. At this time, the angle sensor detects the angle between the axis of the detection block 25 and the axis of the sleeve 21, thereby obtaining the angle between the plane of the upper surface of the workpiece and the axis of the workpiece, thereby detecting whether the surface processing of the workpiece on the side close to the alignment component 2 meets the requirements.

[0058] When the test is completed, the rotating column 27 reverses and drives the moving ring 28 to move in the opposite direction, causing the moving ring 28 to rotate away from the aligned cone 22. During the movement, the moving ring 28 drives the hinge rod 30 to move, causing the hinge rod 30 to drive the detection block 25 to rotate, causing the detection block 25 to retract into the rotating groove 24. At the same time, the moving ring 28 drives the pushing block 281 to reset, causing the pushing block 281 to gradually move away from the moving block 222. Then, after the moving block 222 loses the pushing force of the pushing block 281, it is pulled by the spring, causing the moving block 222 to drive the semi-circular cone 221 to reset along the inclined path 23, causing several semi-circular cones 221 to separate again. During the separation process, there is a gap between two adjacent semi-circular cones 221.

[0059] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A turning machine for shaft components, comprising a turning mechanism and a base (1), wherein the turning mechanism is disposed on one side of the base (1), characterized in that: At least one support seat (11) is provided on the base (1), a clamping arm is provided on the side wall of the support seat (11), a clamp (13) is provided on the support seat (11), a slide rail (14) is provided on the base (1), a sliding component (15) is provided on the slide rail (14), the sliding component (15) is slidably connected along the slide rail (14), and an alignment component (2) is provided on the side of the sliding component (15) near the clamp (13). The alignment component (2) is used to inspect the workpiece to the shaft and the workpiece surface. The alignment assembly (2) consists of a sleeve (21) and an alignment cone (22). The alignment cone (22) is composed of a plurality of semi-circular cones (221), and the bottoms of the plurality of semi-circular cones (221) are combined to form a pointed cone. The sleeve (21) is located on the side of the sliding assembly (15) near the clamp (13), and the alignment cone (22) is disposed on the side of the sleeve (21) near the clamp (13); The sleeve (21) is provided with a ramp (23) on the side near the alignment cone (22), and the semi-circular cone (221) is provided with a moving block (222) on the side near the ramp (23). The moving block (222) is slidably connected along the ramp (23), and a spring is provided between the moving block (222) and the ramp (23). The sleeve (21) has several rotating grooves (24) on its wall. A detection block (25) is provided in the rotating groove (24). The detection block (25) is rotatably connected to the rotating groove (24). The sleeve (21) has a cavity (26) inside. A rotating column (27) is provided in the cavity (26). A moving ring (28) is provided on the rotating column (27). The moving ring (28) and the rotating column (27) are driven by a screw and nut. A hinge seat (29) is provided on the side wall of the moving ring (28) and on the side of the detection block (25) near the axis of the sleeve (21). A hinge rod (30) is provided between the two hinge seats (29). The bottom of the moving ring (28) is provided with a push block (281), which is used to push the semi-arc cone (221) to move.

2. The turning equipment for shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (15) is provided with an air slip ring (31). One end of the air slip ring (31) is connected to the rotating column (27). The side of the air slip ring (31) near the rotating column (27) is rotatably connected to the sleeve (21). The sliding assembly (15) is also provided with a micro air pump. The micro air pump is connected to the air slip ring (31) through a pipe. The air slip ring (31) is connected to the cavity (26).

3. The turning equipment for shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support base (11) is also provided with a cooling chamber, and a cooling pump is provided in the cooling chamber. The cooling pump is connected to the air slip ring (31) through a pipe, and the cooling chamber is filled with coolant.

4. The turning equipment for shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap between two adjacent semi-circular cones (221).

5. The turning equipment for shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle sensor is provided on the side of the detection block (25) away from the axis of the sleeve (21).

Images