A structure for taking clear water in turbid water area

Abstract

The application discloses a clear water taking structure in turbid water area and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering. The structure is arranged between an upstream turbid water area and a downstream river channel and comprises a water taking and discharging control system, a water inlet system and a water filtering system capable of controlling the sand particle size and sand content within a certain range. The upper portion of the water inlet system is provided with a water inlet connected with the turbid water area, the bottom is connected with the input end of the water filtering system, the output end of the water filtering system is connected with the input end of the water taking and discharging control system, and the filtered silt is discharged to the downstream river channel by the water filtering system. Compared with the existing turbid water guiding and sand filtering technology, the turbid water guiding engineering, the silt filtering engineering outside the turbid water area and the silt treatment engineering are omitted, so that the structure has the advantages of small land area, low cost, wide water head adaptation range, high silt discharging capacity and the like, solves the problem that the existing turbid water area cannot directly supply clear water during flood season, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of users on different sand particle sizes and sand contents in water.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a structure for taking clear water in turbid water area. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the flood season approaches, the rainfall is significantly increased compared with the past. When the rainstorm falls on the surface of the river basin, the rock-soil of the eroded slope and gully is transported to the river, reservoir, lake and other water areas by the water flow in the runoff and confluence process, so that the content of impurities in the water is greatly increased, and the water gradually becomes turbid. For this situation, the water area (such as reservoir, lake and the like) with water supply task, especially the water supply reservoir specially built on the river for the purpose of regulation and storage, how to take clear water in the turbid water area has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] The water taking in the water area is generally divided into two kinds, one is water taking in the water area, and the other is water taking in the diversion tunnel. The water taking in the water area needs to build a shore fixed pump station on the shore or a floating pump station in the water area to take water, and then the water is lifted to the required height and transported to the water using area. The water taking in the diversion tunnel needs to build a tower type water taking device at the water retaining structure or the suitable position on the shore of the water area, so that the water flows out through the culvert under the action of gravity and is transported to the water using area. However, the above two water taking methods cannot solve the problem of directly taking clear water from the turbid water area, so at present, most of the water areas do not supply water in the flood season because of the mud in the water, which is difficult to meet the demand of the water users, and reduces the economic benefit of the operation of the water area.

[0004] At present, the domestic technology for taking clear water in turbid water area is to first introduce the water in the turbid water area to a suitable place, and then take certain engineering measures to filter out the mud. The methods for filtering out the mud mainly include natural sedimentation method and sand filtration method. The natural sedimentation method generally takes water after sedimentation in a sand sedimentation tank; the sand filtration method generally uses seepage well, seepage channel and interception of underflow to take water by seepage. The sedimentation tank sedimentation method for treating the sediment-laden water has high requirements for the topographic conditions, large land occupation area, large civil engineering investment and high operation cost; the existing seepage well seepage water taking technology has the problems that the artificial filter layer is easily silted by the mud and the permeability coefficient is reduced, which leads to the reduction of the actual water output, the difficulty in operation and maintenance, and the short service life of the water taking project. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a structure for taking clear water in turbid water area, so as to solve the above problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the application discloses a structure for taking clear water in turbid water area, which is arranged between upstream turbid water area and downstream river channel, and comprises a water taking and discharging control system, a water inlet system and a water filtering system capable of controlling the sand particle size and sand content within a certain range, the upper part of the water inlet system is provided with a water inlet connected with the turbid water area, the bottom is connected with the input end of the water filtering system, the output end of the water filtering system is connected with the input end of the water taking and discharging control system, and the filtered silt is discharged to the downstream river channel by the water filtering system.

[0007] Further, the water filtering system comprises a support structure, a water filtering unit arranged on the support structure and a water collecting pool, the water filtering unit comprises a water passing cavity and filter cloth, the side of the water passing cavity connected with the water inlet system is provided with the filter cloth, the turbid water in the water passing cavity enters the water collecting pool after being filtered by the filter cloth, and the water collecting pool is connected with the input end of the water taking and discharging control system.

[0008] Further, the water filtering unit further comprises a water filtering unit structure, the support structure comprises a foundation and side walls arranged at both ends of the foundation, the water collecting pool comprises a water collecting pool top plate and water collecting pool support columns for supporting the water collecting pool top plate above the foundation, support columns are arranged on the water collecting pool top plate along the length direction of the water passing cavity, the water filtering unit structure is arranged between the support columns, the water collecting pool top plate is provided with water passing holes connected with the water filtering unit structure, and the filter cloth is covered on one side of the water filtering unit structure close to the water passing cavity.

[0009] Further, the top of the support column is provided with a support beam, a water permeable support wall is arranged between the support columns along the length direction of the water passing cavity, the water filtering unit structure is arranged between the water permeable support wall and the filter cloth, the upper part of the filter cloth is fixed on the support beam, and the lower part of the filter cloth is covered on one side of the water filtering unit structure, the top of the water permeable support wall extends to the support beam, and the bottom of the water permeable support wall extends to the water collecting pool top plate and is connected with the water passing hole.

[0010] Further, the bottom of the water passing cavity is provided with a sand setting and flushing groove, and the top of the water passing cavity is provided with a support top, and the support top is connected with the support beam of the adjacent water passing cavity.

[0011] Further, the water filtering unit structure is provided with a filter cloth flushing pipe, the filter cloth flushing pipe is provided with water inlet flushing holes for forward water inlet and reverse filter cloth flushing close to the filter cloth, and the both ends of the filter cloth flushing pipe are fixed on the support columns.

[0012] Further, the filter cloth flushing pipe is provided with a water discharge pressure relief hole facing the filter water unit structure, a piston valve plate is arranged between the water discharge pressure relief hole and the water inlet flushing hole and sealingly slides with the inner wall of the filter cloth flushing pipe, and the spring is abutted between the piston valve plate and the inner wall of the end of the filter cloth flushing pipe.

[0013] Further, the filter cloth flushing pipe is provided with a water discharge pressure relief hole facing the filter water unit structure, a piston valve plate is arranged between the water discharge pressure relief hole and the water inlet flushing hole and sealingly slides with the inner wall of the filter cloth flushing pipe, and the spring is abutted between the piston valve plate and the inner wall of the end of the filter cloth flushing pipe.

[0014] Further, the water taking and discharging control system comprises a muddy water period clean water taking pipe, a raw water taking pipe and a sand flushing pipe, the muddy water period clean water taking pipe is connected with the water collecting pool, the muddy water period clean water taking pipe is provided with a muddy water period clean water taking pipe control valve, the raw water taking pipe is connected with the water passing cavity, the raw water taking pipe is provided with a raw water taking pipe control valve, and the sand flushing pipe is connected with the water passing cavity and provided with a sand flushing pipe control valve.

[0015] Further, the water collecting pool is divided into a plurality of sub water collecting pools by a plurality of partition walls, the filter water unit is provided with different specifications of filter cloths corresponding to the sub water collecting pools, and muddy water is filtered by the different specifications of filter cloths and then enters the corresponding sub water collecting pools to meet different requirements of users on the sand particle size or sand content.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0017] The application controls the sand particle size and sand content within a certain range through the water inlet system, the filter water system and the water taking and discharging control system, and the filtered silt is discarded in the downstream of the muddy water area through the original water and sand flow path. Compared with the prior art, the muddy water diversion engineering, the silt filtering engineering outside the muddy water area and the silt treatment engineering are omitted, so that the application has the advantages of small occupied land area, low required cost, wide water head adaptation range, strong silt discharging capacity and the like, and solves the problem that the muddy water area cannot directly supply clean water during the flood season. The application can also meet the requirements of users on different silt particle sizes and sand contents in water, and has strong popularization value, wide development prospect and application prospect.

[0018] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate the preferred embodiment of the application and assist in

[0020] Figure 1 The plane structure schematic diagram of the clear water taking structure in the muddy water area disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 The cross section structure schematic diagram of the clear water taking structure in the muddy water area disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 The filtration cross section structure schematic diagram of the water filtering system disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application (the cross section position is 1-1); Figure 5

[0023] Figure 4 The support cross section structure schematic diagram of the water filtering system disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application (the cross section position is 2-2); Figure 5

[0024] Figure 5 The A-A cross section schematic diagram of 1 or 4; Figure 3

[0025] The cross section schematic diagram of the filter cloth flushing pipe disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 6

[0026] The transverse cross section schematic diagram of the water inlet flushing hole of the filter cloth flushing pipe disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 7

[0027] The transverse cross section schematic diagram of the water outlet pressure reducing hole of the filter cloth flushing pipe disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 8

[0028] The transverse cross section schematic diagram of the retaining pier of the filter cloth flushing pipe disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 9

[0029] The structure schematic diagram of the water taking and discharging control system disclosed by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 10

[0030] The structure schematic diagram of the water filtering system disclosed by the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 11

[0031] The plane schematic diagram of the water collecting pool disclosed by the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 12

[0032] The B-B cross section schematic diagram of 1 or 4; Figure 13 Figure 12

[0033] ​​​​Figure 14 Structure diagram of the water taking and placing control system disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 15 d 需 Structure diagram of the water taking and placing control system disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 16 Structure diagram of the water taking and placing control system disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 1. turbid water area;

[0038] 2. water retaining structure;

[0039] 3. water inlet system;

[0040] 4. water filtering system; 4-1, first water filtering system section; 4-2, second water filtering system section; 4-3, third water filtering system section;

[0041] 5. water taking and placing control system; 5-1, wall body;

[0042] 6. support structure; 6-1, side wall; 6-2, foundation; 6-3, support top; 6-4, support column; 6-5, support beam; 6-6, water permeable support wall;

[0043] 7. water filtering unit; 7-1, filter cloth; 7-1-1, first filter cloth; 7-1-2, second filter cloth; 7-1-3, third filter cloth; 7-2, water filtering unit structure; 7-3, sand flushing groove; 7-4, filter cloth flushing pipe; 7-5, end head; 7-6, water inlet flushing hole; 7-7, piston valve plate; 7-8, spring; 7-9, guide rail; 7-10, retaining pier; 7-11, guide rail support; 7-12, water discharge pressure relief hole; 7-13, water passage cavity;

[0044] 8. water collecting pool; 8-1, water collecting pool top plate; 8-2, water passage hole; 8-3, water collecting pool support column; 8-4, partition wall; 8-5, sub water collecting pool;

[0045] 9. sand flushing pipe; 9-1, sand flushing pipe control valve;

[0046] 10. raw water taking pipe; 10-1, raw water taking pipe control valve;

[0047] 11. clear water taking pipe in turbid water period; 11-1, clear water taking pipe control valve in turbid water period;

[0048] 12. clear water taking pipe in second turbid water period; 12-1, clear water taking pipe control valve in second turbid water period;

[0049] 13. Clear water intake pipe for the third turbid water period; 13-1. Control valve for the clear water intake pipe for the third turbid water period. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention discloses a structure for drawing clear water from a turbid water area, located between an upstream turbid water area 1 and a downstream river channel. It includes a water intake and discharge control system 5, a water inlet system 3, and a filtration system 4 capable of controlling the particle size and sediment content within a certain range. The upper part of the water inlet system 3 has an inlet connected to the turbid water area 1, allowing water to automatically enter. The bottom of the water inlet system 3 is connected to the input end of the filtration system 4, and the output end of the filtration system 4 is connected to the input end of the water intake and discharge control system 5. The filtration system 4 discharges the filtered sediment to the downstream river channel. The function of the water inlet system 3 is to control the amount of water entering the filtration system 4 and to block floating debris in the water. The filtration system 4 consists of a support structure 6, several pressurized filtration units 7, a non-pressurized collection tank 8, and a clear water intake pipe 11 for turbid water periods. See also... Figure 1 The structure is arranged in conjunction with the water-retaining structure 2, and can be directly modified for the existing water-retaining structure 2. The water inlet system 3 and the water filtration system 4 are set on the water-retaining structure 2. The water inlet system 3 is located upstream of the water-retaining structure 2, the water filtration system 4 is located inside the water-retaining structure 2, and the water intake and discharge control system 5 is located downstream of the water-retaining structure 2.

[0053] In this embodiment, see Figures 3-5The supporting structure 6 is the load-bearing support structure of the entire system, including the side wall 6-1, foundation 6-2, supporting top 6-3, supporting column 6-4, supporting beam 6-5, and permeable supporting wall 6-6, which together constitute the supporting structure 6 of the water filtration system 4, bearing the earth pressure, water pressure, and other forces from the outside of the structure. The water filtration unit 7 is embedded in the middle of the supporting column 6-4 and does not bear external loads. The water filtration unit 7 consists of filter cloth 7-1, water filtration unit structures 7-2 on both sides, a bottom arc-shaped sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3, filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, and auxiliary structures for the flushing pipe. The function of the filter cloth 7-1 is to filter silt and sand larger than a certain particle size in the water. It is laid on the water filtration unit structures 7-2 on both sides of the water filtration unit 7 and is washable and replaceable. The function of the water filtration unit structures 7-2 on both sides of the water filtration unit 7 is twofold: first, to provide a channel for the infiltration of clean water; and second, to form the structure of the water filtration unit 7 with the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3, bearing the internal water pressure and other forces. The bottom of the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3 is an arc-shaped channel, designed to allow sediment to settle during filtration and concentrate the water flow for rapid flushing. A base connects the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3 to the structure of the filtration system 4. To maintain the filtration efficiency of the filter cloth 7-1, a filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 is installed on the back-flow side of the filter cloth 7-1 to flush the sediment adhering to the front-flow side of the filter cloth 7-1 in the reverse direction. The filter cloth 7-1 is replaceable, allowing different filter cloths 7-1 to be installed according to the user's requirements for sand particle size or sand content.

[0054] When water users measure the particle size of sand in the water (d) min When required, a suitable filter cloth 7-1 can be selected based on the sand particle size. This ensures that the sand particle size in the water passing through the filter cloth 7-1 meets the user's requirements. When the user has specific requirements regarding the sand content (S) in the water... 需 When required, the sediment content (S) of the turbid water should be measured first. 水 Then, the gradation curve of sediment in the turbid water area 1 was measured, and the compositional relationship between sediment particle size and sediment mass percentage was established. This was achieved by calculating S... 需 / S 水 The percentage can be used to obtain the required sediment mass for water filtration by the user, and based on this, the sediment gradation curve in the turbid water area 1 can be obtained. Figure 15 The specific sediment particle size d that meets the sediment content requirements of water users can be found online. 需 Then according to d 需 Select and set the filter cloth 7-1.

[0055] Wherein, it is assumed that the sediment content S in turbid water area 1 水 It is the sand content S corresponding to n different particle size groups i Composed of multiple particles, each particle size group represents a percentage of the total sand mass as r. di And smaller than a certain particle size d mCorresponding sediment concentration S 需 The water user's demand can be met, m≤n.

[0056] S 需 / S 水 =

[0057] =

[0058] =

[0059] =

[0060] = (m≤n);

[0061] G is the total mass of sediment in the water sample of turbid water area 1; G i is the mass percentage of the particle size group d i-1 ~d i corresponding to the sediment; V0 is the volume of the sediment water sample; r di is the mass percentage of the particle size group d i-1 ~d i corresponding to the sediment concentration; and

[0062] is the mass percentage of less than a certain particle size dm, that is, the d 需 corresponding to S 需 .

[0063] Therefore, according to the S 需 required by the water user and the S 水 of the turbid water, S 需 / S 水 is calculated, the sediment grading curve of the turbid water is searched Figure 15 , and the corresponding horizontal coordinate, the particle size d 需 of the sediment, at the vertical coordinate S 水 / S 需 is the particle size of the sediment that should be controlled to meet the sediment concentration S 需 required by the water user. That is, when the particle size of the sediment is less than d 需 , the sediment concentration in the clear water filtered by the filter cloth 7-1 is certainly less than S 需 .

[0064] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 6-9The water filtering units 7 under pressure can be multiple, three are shown in the figure, which can be box culverts or pipes, but are not limited to this; the water filtering unit 7 comprises filter cloth 7-1, water filtering unit structure 7-2, sand and silt flushing groove 7-3, filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, end head 7-5, water inlet flushing hole 7-6, piston valve plate 7-7, spring 7-8, guide rail 7-9, retaining wall 7-10, guide rail support 7-11, water discharge pressure relief hole 7-12 and water passing cavity 7-13; the filter cloth 7-1 is arranged on the outside of the water filtering unit structure 7-2, specifically, the upper part of the filter cloth 7-1 is fixed on the support beam 6-5, and the lower part covers one side of the water filtering unit structure 7-2 and is sealingly connected with the upper part of the sand and silt flushing groove 7-3; the water filtering unit structure 7-2 is composed of a water permeable structure and a water permeable filler, which is embedded between the support columns 6-4 and closely combined with the water permeable support wall 6-6; the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 can flush the filter cloth 7-1 (there can be multiple, four are shown in the figure on each side wall), the two ends of which are fixed on the support columns 6-4; the water inlet flushing hole 7-6 is also a flushing jet hole when the filter cloth 7-1 is flushed in reverse, which is arranged on the side of the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 in contact with the filter cloth 7-1; the piston valve plate 7-7 is arranged in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, and the piston valve plate 7-7 is water-stopped around; one end of the spring 7-8 is connected to the end head 7-5, and the other end is connected to the piston valve plate 7-7; the guide rail 7-9 penetrates the middle of the spring 7-8 (the spring 7-8 can be compressed or stretched along the guide rail), one end of which is connected to the end head 7-5, and the other end penetrates the center of the piston valve plate 7-7 (sealing measures are taken between the piston valve plate 7-7 and the guide rail 7-9) and is connected to the fixed guide rail support 7-11, preventing the spring 7-8 from deflecting during the movement of the piston valve plate 7-7; the retaining wall 7-10 limits the movement of the piston valve plate 7-7 within a certain range; the guide rail support 7-11 fixes the other end of the guide rail 7-9; the water discharge pressure relief hole 7-12 is arranged along the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 up and down and on the backwater side, and the water is discharged into the water filtering unit structure 7-2.

[0065] In this embodiment, the seepage path of the pressure turbid water is as follows: the water flows through the filtering effect of the filter cloth 7-1 in the water passing cavity 7-13 of the water filtering unit 7, the silt is filtered out in the water passing cavity 7-13 and deposited in the sand depositing and flushing groove 7-3 in the lower part of the cavity; the clear water passing through the filter cloth 7-1 enters the filtering unit structure 7-2 immediately, and seeps under reduced pressure; in order to prevent the structure of the water filtering unit 7 from being deformed and damaged under the pressure, a water permeable support wall 6-6 is arranged between the two units, which can balance the horizontal pressure of the two units, expand the water seepage section, reduce the water seepage pressure, form low pressure seepage, and make the seepage water enter the water collecting pool 8 through the water passing hole 8-2 on the top plate 8-1 of the water collecting pool. The filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 uses the shock wave to flush the silt adhered to the upstream side of the filter cloth 7-1. When the water in the turbid water area 1 passes through the filter cloth 7-1 and the water inlet flushing hole 7-6 and enters the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, the flushing pipe is gradually filled with water and becomes a pressure state. Since the water level of the water area is high, the water pressure in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 increases continuously in the process of continuous water inlet. Therefore, the water with pressure pushes the piston valve plate 7-7 to compress the springs 7-8 on both sides along the guide rail 7-9. In this process, the springs 7-8 store energy. When the piston valve plate 7-7 passes the water outlet pressure relief hole 7-12 due to the continuous compression of the springs 7-8, the water in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 is discharged through the water outlet pressure relief hole 7-12 and enters the filtering unit structure 7-2 due to the pressure difference. At this time, the water pressure in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 is instantaneously reduced, the springs 7-8 release energy to drive the piston valve plate 7-7 to rebound, the water flow in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 reverses and flows back, the water body in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 is compressed to the middle area of the pipe, a shock wave is generated, the pressure rises suddenly, the water flow in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 is quickly ejected from the water inlet flushing hole 7-6, the filter cloth 7-1 is flushed, and the silt adsorbed on the filter cloth 7-1 falls into the water in the water filtering unit 7. Subsequently, the shock wave pressure decreases rapidly, and the water in the water filtering unit 7 passes through the filter cloth 7-1, enters the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 through the water inlet flushing hole 7-6, and continuously increases the pressure in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, drives the piston valve plate 7-7 to move to the far end, and compresses the spring 7-8 to store energy, until the piston valve plate 7-7 passes the water outlet pressure relief hole 7-12, the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 starts to discharge water again, the spring 7-8 rebounds to release energy, and a shock wave is generated. In the process of repeated compression and rebound of the spring 7-8 and the piston valve plate 7-7, a shock wave is generated to flush the filter cloth 7-1, and an automatic filter cloth silt flushing mechanism is formed. When the arc-shaped sand depositing and flushing groove 7-3 in the water filtering unit 7 deposits a certain amount of silt, the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 can be opened to flush the silt deposited in the arc-shaped sand depositing and flushing groove 7-3 to the downstream of the turbid water area 1 through the sand flushing pipe 9. The water filtering unit 7 can be operated in groups and controlled by the water inlet system 3 and the water taking and placing control system 5. Part of the groups perform water filtering and water taking operation, and the other part of the groups perform sand flushing or maintenance operation.Under the condition of water regime permit, the flushing and dredging operation can be carried out at the same time of the filtered water taking operation. The technical approach to control the sediment content in the percolated water is to control the sediment particle size in the percolated water through the filter cloth 7-1. The number of the filtered water units 7 can be designed according to the filtered water taking amount. The water collecting pool 8 is located between the lower part of the filtered water unit 7 and the bottom of the support structure 6, and includes the water collecting pool support column 8-3 arranged on the bottom of the support structure 6, the water collecting pool top plate 8-1 supported by the water collecting pool support column 8-3, the water collecting pool top plate 8-1 supporting the filtered water unit 7, and the water collecting pool 8 storing the percolated clear water. The water collecting pool 8 is provided with a clear water taking outlet and connected with a clear water taking pipeline.

[0066] In the present embodiment, the water taking and releasing control system 5 mainly includes the flushing pipe control valve 9-1 connected with the flushing pipe 9, the turbid water period clear water taking pipe control valve 11-1 connected with the turbid water period clear water taking pipe 11, the non-flood period raw water taking pipe control valve 10-1 connected with the raw water taking pipe 10, and the like. The upstream of the flushing pipe control valve 9-1 is connected with the inner cavity of the filtered water unit 7, and when it is closed, the filtered water unit 7 performs the percolation operation. When the bottom of the filtered water unit 7 is filled with sediment and needs to be removed, the flushing pipe control valve 9-1 is opened to discharge the sediment through the downstream flushing pipe 9 to the downstream river channel of the water retaining structure 2. The raw water taking pipe control valve 10-1 is located on the upstream side of the flushing pipe control valve 9-1. When the water area is the turbid water area 1 during the flood period and the filtered water unit 7 performs the filtered water operation, the valve is in the closed state. When the water area is not turbid or has a low turbidity during the non-flood period, the water in the inner cavity of the filtered water unit 7 can be directly introduced to the user by opening the raw water taking pipe control valve 10-1. The percolated clear water is stored in the water collecting pool 8. The turbid water period clear water taking pipe control valve 11-1 is connected with the upstream water collecting pool 8, and the clear water can be introduced to the user through the turbid water period clear water taking pipe 11.

[0067] Among them, referring to Figure 10 , the water quality of the water area is turbid during the flood period (flood period). At this time, the raw water taking pipe control valve 10-1 and the flushing pipe control valve 9-1 are closed, and the water inlet system 3 is opened. The turbid water enters the filtered water system 4 and fills the filtered water unit 7. At this time, the water flow velocity in the unit is slowed down and close to static, the density of the sediment particles is greater than that of the water, and under the action of gravity, the sediment particles will overcome the buoyancy of the water and the water flow resistance and gradually sink downward into the sediment flushing chute 7-3. The water enters the water collecting pool 8 through the two side filter cloths 7-1, the two side filtered water unit structures 7-2 and the water permeable support wall 6-6. At this time, the water collecting pool 8 is filled with clear water. The turbid water period clear water taking pipe control valve 11-1 is opened, and the clear water is supplied to the user through the turbid water period clear water taking pipe 11.

[0068] When the water quality in the non-flood season meets the water supply requirements, the inlet system 3 is opened, and turbid water enters the filtration system 4. At this time, the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 is closed, and the raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1 is opened. The filtration system 4 no longer operates, and the raw water is directly supplied to the water user through the filtration unit 7 and the raw water intake pipe 10. During the turbid water season, the clear water intake pipe control valve 11-1 can be opened or closed. When it is open, it can supply users with both raw water and filtered clear water.

[0069] After a flood season (a flood) or after the water filtration system 4 has been running for a period of time, a lot of silt accumulates in the water filtration unit 7 of the water filtration system 4. At this time, the control valve 11-1 of the clear water intake pipe and the control valve 10-1 of the raw water intake pipe are closed, and the control valve 9-1 of the flushing pipe is opened to flush the sand. The water flow carries the silt in the water filtration unit 7 into the downstream river channel through the flushing pipe 9, achieving the effect of flushing the sand.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] In this embodiment, as Figures 11-15 As shown, the main structure is similar to that of Embodiment 1, except that the first filtration system segment 4-1, the second filtration system segment 4-2, and the third filtration system segment 4-3 are different segments of the filtration system 4 (there can be multiple segments, three are shown in the figure), mainly to meet the needs of different users; support columns 6-4 are set between different filtration system segments, and at this time, the support columns 6-4 also serve as filter cloth partition columns to ensure that the filtered water does not mix within the filtration unit structure 7-2 and the permeable support wall 6-6. The lower part of the filter cloth partition column is connected to the partition wall 8-4. The filtration units 7 of different filtration system segments are inlaid with filter cloths 7-1 of different specifications, such as the first filter cloth 7-1-1, the second filter cloth 7-1-2, and the third filter cloth 7-1-3. The first filter cloth 7-1-1, the second filter cloth 7-1-2, and the third filter cloth 7-1-3 can filter silt of different particle sizes. The number of filter cloths 7-1 is related to the number of filtration units. The system is segmented and matched; the partition wall 8-4 can divide the unpressurized water collection tank 8 into several independent sub-collection tanks 8-5, corresponding to the water filtration system segments; the water intake and discharge control system 5 includes the wall 5-1, the sand flushing pipe 9 and the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 installed on it, the raw water intake pipe 10 and the raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1 installed on it, the turbid water period clear water intake pipe 11 and the turbid water period clear water intake pipe control valve 11-1 installed on it, the second turbid water period clear water intake pipe 12 and the second turbid water period clear water intake pipe control valve 12-1 installed on it, and the third turbid water period clear water intake pipe 13 and the third turbid water period clear water intake pipe control valve 13-1 installed on it. Each control valve is installed on the inside of the wall 5-1. The number of water intake pipes and water intake pipe control valves should be the same as the number of water filtration system segments. Both are mainly used to take clear water with different sand particle sizes or sand content after infiltration by the water filtration system 4.

[0072] Similarly, if water users measure the particle size (d) of sand in the water... min There are requirements, or water users have requirements regarding the sand content (S) in the water. 需 If there are requirements, you can also refer to the specific implementation method in Example 1.

[0073] Furthermore, if downstream water users have different requirements for the sediment content and particle size of the water, such as industrial water supply having different requirements for sediment content and particle size depending on the process, irrigation water having higher requirements for sediment content, and domestic water having lower requirements for sediment content, then the filtration system 4 can be divided into several sections for filtering turbid water according to the specific requirements of the water supply users. The filter cloth 7-1 in the filtration unit 7 is arranged according to the requirements for sediment content and particle size. The corresponding collection tank 8 is also divided into several closed sections, each of which can infiltrate to obtain clean water with different sediment content and particle size specifications to meet the requirements of different water users. For example, as follows: Figures 11-14 The segmentation shown is illustrated in 3 segments. In the first water filtration system segment 4-1, the first filter cloth 7-1-1 is installed. The requirement is that the sand content of the water passing through the first filter cloth 7-1-1 must not exceed 10g / m³. 3 Alternatively, the particle size of the sediment must not exceed 0.01 mm; a second filter cloth 7-1-2 shall be installed in section 4-2 of the second filtration system, and the sediment content of the water passing through the second filter cloth 7-1-2 shall not exceed 50 g / m³. 3 Alternatively, the particle size of the sediment must not exceed 0.1 mm; a third filter cloth 7-1-3 shall be installed in section 4-3 of the third filtration system, and the sediment content of the water passing through the third filter cloth 7-1-3 shall not exceed 100 g / m³. 3 Alternatively, the sediment particle size must not exceed 0.5mm. The collection tank 8 is divided into three sections based on the filter cloth arrangement. The clear water intake pipe 11 for the turbid water period, the clear water intake pipe 12 for the second turbid water period, and the clear water intake pipe 13 for the third turbid water period can supply different water users through the clear water intake pipe control valves 11-1 (turbid water period), 12-1 (second turbid water period), and 13-1 (third turbid water period). That is, by adjusting the ratio of filter cloth specifications in different closed sections within the water passage chamber 7-13, the clear water intake ratio for different users can be adjusted.

[0074] Example 3:

[0075] In this embodiment, as Figure 16 As shown, the main structure is similar to that of Embodiment 1. The water intake and discharge control system 5, the water inlet system 3, and the water filtration system 4 have essentially the same structural composition and function as in Embodiment 1. The difference is that this structure is not arranged in conjunction with the water-retaining structure 2, but rather integrated with the upstream bank slope of the turbid water area 1, specifically for water areas without a water-retaining structure 2. Specifically, the water inlet system 3 is located in the turbid water area 1, the water filtration system 4 is located at a certain elevation on the underwater bank slope of the turbid water area 1, and the water intake and discharge control system 5 is located on the downstream riverbank slope.

[0076] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A structure for extracting clear water from turbid water areas, located between an upstream turbid water area (1) and a downstream river channel, characterized in that, The system includes a water intake and discharge control system (5), a water intake system (3), and a water filtration system (4) that can control the particle size and sand content of the sand within a certain range. The upper part of the water intake system (3) is provided with an inlet connected to the turbid water area (1), and the bottom is connected to the input end of the water filtration system (4). The output end of the water filtration system (4) is connected to the input end of the water intake and discharge control system (5). The water filtration system (4) discharges the filtered sediment to the downstream river channel. The water filtration system (4) includes a support structure (6) and a system installed on the water intake and discharge system. The water filtration unit (7) and the water collection tank (8) are on the supporting structure (6). The water filtration unit (7) includes a water passage chamber (7-13). A sedimentation and flushing trough (7-3) is provided at the bottom of the water passage chamber (7-13). The turbid water in the water passage chamber (7-13) is filtered and then enters the water collection tank (8). The water collection tank (8) is connected to the water intake and discharge control system (5). During the water filtration process, the sediment falls and is deposited in the sedimentation and flushing trough (7-3). When the water is discharged and flushed, the concentrated water flow quickly flushes and discharges the sediment to the downstream river channel.

2. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water filtration unit (7) also includes a filter cloth (7-1). The filter cloth (7-1) is provided on the side of the water passage cavity (7-13) connected to the water inlet system (3). The turbid water in the water passage cavity (7-13) is filtered by the filter cloth (7-1) and then enters the water collection tank (8).

3. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water filtration unit (7) also includes a water filtration unit structure (7-2). The support structure (6) includes a foundation (6-2) and side walls (6-1) at both ends of the foundation (6-2). The water collection tank (8) includes a water collection tank top plate (8-1) and water collection tank support columns (8-3) that support the water collection tank top plate (8-1) above the foundation (6-2). Support columns (6-4) are arranged at intervals along the length of the water passage cavity (7-13) on the water collection tank top plate (8-1). The water filtration unit structure (7-2) is arranged between the support columns (6-4). The water collection tank top plate (8-1) is provided with water passage holes (8-2) connected to the water filtration unit structure (7-2). The filter cloth (7-1) covers the side of the water filtration unit structure (7-2) near the water passage cavity (7-13).

4. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 3, characterized in that, A support beam (6-5) is provided at the top of the support column (6-4). A permeable support wall (6-6) is provided between the support columns (6-4) along the length of the water passage cavity (7-13). The water filter unit structure (7-2) is located between the permeable support wall (6-6) and the filter cloth (7-1). The upper part of the filter cloth (7-1) is fixed on the support beam (6-5), and the lower part covers one side of the water filter unit structure (7-2). The top of the permeable support wall (6-6) extends to the support beam (6-5), and the bottom extends to the top plate (8-1) of the water collection tank and is connected to the water passage hole (8-2).

5. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the water passage cavity (7-13) is provided with a support top (6-3), and the support top (6-3) is connected to the support beam (6-5) of the adjacent water passage cavity (7-13).

6. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter unit structure (7-2) is provided with a filter cloth flushing pipe (7-4). The filter cloth flushing pipe (7-4) is provided with a water inlet flushing hole (7-6) near the filter cloth (7-1) for forward water intake and reverse water flushing of the filter cloth (7-1). Both ends of the filter cloth flushing pipe (7-4) are fixed on the support column (6-4).

7. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4) is provided with a drain pressure reducing hole (7-12) facing the water filtration unit structure (7-2). The filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4) is provided with a piston valve plate (7-7) and a spring (7-8). The piston valve plate (7-7) is located between the drain pressure reducing hole (7-12) and the water inlet rinsing hole (7-6) and is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4). The spring (7-8) abuts against the inner wall between the piston valve plate (7-7) and the end (7-5) of the filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4). When the water pressure drives the piston valve plate (7-7) to release pressure through the drain pressure reducing hole (7-12), the piston valve plate (7-7) drives the water flow in the opposite direction to clean the filter cloth (7-1) through the water inlet rinsing hole (7-6).

8. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4) is also provided with a guide rail (7-9), a baffle (7-10), and a guide rail bracket (7-11). The guide rail bracket (7-11) is installed on the baffle (7-10). The spring (7-8) is sleeved on the guide rail (7-9). One end of the guide rail (7-9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end (7-5) of the filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4), and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide rail bracket (7-11). The valve plate hole of the piston valve plate (7-7) is in sealed sliding contact with the guide rail (7-9).

9. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water areas according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The water intake and discharge control system (5) includes a turbid water intake pipe (11), a raw water intake pipe (10), and a sand flushing pipe (9). The turbid water intake pipe (11) is connected to the water collection tank (8). The turbid water intake pipe (11) is equipped with a turbid water intake pipe control valve (11-1). The raw water intake pipe (10) is connected to the water passage chamber (7-13). The raw water intake pipe (10) is equipped with a raw water intake pipe control valve (10-1). The sand flushing pipe (9) is connected to the water passage chamber (7-13). The sand flushing pipe (9) is equipped with a sand flushing pipe control valve (9-1).

10. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water areas according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The water collection pool (8) is divided into multiple sub-collection pools (8-5) by multiple partition walls (8-4). The water filtration unit (7) is equipped with filter cloths (7-1) of different specifications corresponding to the sub-collection pools (8-5). Turbid water enters the corresponding sub-collection pool (8-5) after being filtered by filter cloths (7-1) of different specifications to meet the different requirements of different users for sand particle size or sand content.

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