Electrically-driven drill rod power tongs

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrically-driven drill rod power tong, and relates to the technical field of petroleum well workover, all actions of the electrically-driven drill rod power tong are electric cylinder driving and control integrated in an automatic PLC electric control system, after a sensor detection seat captures the position of a drill rod, the electric control system sends a clamping instruction to a tong body clamping electric cylinder, a servo motor rotates forwards, and the electric cylinder is driven by the electric cylinder to clamp the drill rod. The driving piston rod pulls the tong head plate to be closed through the pull rod. During gear shifting, the electric control system sends a gear shifting signal to the gear shifting electric cylinder, a piston rod of the gear shifting electric cylinder stretches out and draws back to push the shifting fork to switch gears, and the gear shifting electric cylinder confirms that gear shifting is completed after feeding back the signal. And the electric control system starts a rotary power motor of the drill rod power tongs to drive the tongs body to rotate forwards for screwing on. After screwing-on is in place, the sensor detects the torque of the tong head and sends a signal, the rotating power motor stops rotating, the electric control system sends a signal to the tong body clamping electric cylinder, the servo motor rotates reversely, the piston rod of the electric cylinder contracts, the spring is matched to assist the pull rod to reset, and the drill rod is loosened to complete circulation. The full-electric-drive servo electric cylinder is adopted to be matched with the sensor, the operation precision and efficiency are remarkably improved, and the device is suitable for automatic drill rod loading and unloading operation under the complex well condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil well workover equipment technology, specifically to an electrically driven drill pipe power tong, which is particularly suitable for high-precision positioning and multi-axis coordinated control in drill pipe uncoupling operations. Background Technology

[0002] During oil well workover operations, the workover rig frequently needs to connect, disconnect, and transport drill pipe. Current drill pipe tongs are mostly driven by hydraulic cylinders, with the hydraulic system controlling the opening and closing of the tong arm and torque output. However, hydraulic systems are susceptible to fluctuations in oil temperature and pressure, leading to insufficient torque control accuracy; the hydraulic pump operates continuously, resulting in high energy consumption; the hydraulic pipeline is complex, posing a risk of oil leakage; hydraulic oil and filters require regular replacement and cleaning, resulting in high maintenance costs; and the tongs have slow response times and poor environmental adaptability, making them unsuitable for automated well workover operations. With the development of intelligent well workover equipment, there is an urgent need for an electrically driven drill pipe tong to achieve high precision, low energy consumption, and high reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned hydraulic technical challenges, this invention provides an electrically driven drill pipe power tong. Replacing traditional hydraulic cylinders with electric drive, it achieves high-precision, automated drill pipe connection through multi-axis coordinated electronic control of the jaw movements. The electrically driven drill pipe power tong comprises a column assembly, a lifting seat assembly, a folding arm mechanism, a suspension assembly, a tong head floating assembly, a tong body assembly, and an electronic control system.

[0004] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the column assembly of the electric drill pipe power tong comprises a connecting sleeve, a rotary drive, a connecting flange, a column body, a rotary drive electric cylinder, and a rotary encoder. The connecting sleeve is bolted to the base and limited by a brake block. The upper end of the connecting sleeve directly engages with the rotary drive. The rotary drive and the column body are connected via a connecting flange. The rotary drive electric cylinder is fixed to the rotary base of the column assembly via a flange. The rotary encoder is mounted on the rotary drive and provides real-time feedback of the rotation angle to the electronic control system.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the lifting platform assembly comprises a lifting platform body, a lifting cylinder connecting seat, a lifting cylinder, and a roller assembly. The lifting cylinder connecting seat is bolted to the column body, and the lifting cylinder is centrally positioned between the slide rails of the column assembly. The lug structure at the end of the cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the lifting cylinder connecting seat. When the lifting cylinder extends, it drives the lifting platform to move upward; when it retracts, it moves downward. The fixing bracket of the roller assembly has pre-drilled threaded holes that align with the threaded holes on the side of the lifting platform body. Bearings are installed inside the rollers, which move up and down on the slide rails of the column body. The two sides are the roller moving surfaces, and there are two rollers on each side of the slide rail, arranged symmetrically around the center.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the folding arm mechanism comprises eight telescopic arms, two left and right chain arms, two telescopic electric cylinders, and an intermediate link. One end of each telescopic arm is hinged to the intermediate link, and the other end is hinged to the double-ear seat of the pliers floating assembly and the lifting seat body. The bottom of the telescopic electric cylinder barrel is hinged to the lifting seat body connecting seat as a fixed end, and the cylinder rod head is hinged to the telescopic arm auxiliary ear seat as a movable end. The telescopic cylinder's extension and retraction drive the telescopic arm to move axially. The two ends of the left and right chain arms are respectively hinged and fixed to the telescopic arms, achieving synchronous extension and retraction of multiple arm stages through chain drive.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the upper end of the front joint of the pliers floating assembly is bolted to the guide seat, and the lower end of the double-ear seats on both sides are hinged to the telescopic arm. The boom bracket moves up and down on the side of the guide seat via rollers and wheels. The base of the spring buffer device is bolted to the front joint, and the lower end of the spring buffer device is hinged to the base and passes through the guide seat. The side of the guide seat has a slot, and the pin passes through the slot and is hinged to the upper end of the spring buffer device.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the clamp assembly is connected to the boom via a suspension device, the sensor mounting base is fixed on the clamp body, the proximity switch is fixed on the mounting base via bolts, the shifting device assembly is connected to the drill pipe power clamp via a reducer, and the shifting electric cylinder is fixed on the shifting device assembly via a mounting base.

[0009] The advantages and technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0010] 1. Electric cylinder drive control: Replaces the traditional hydraulic system, avoids the risk of oil leakage, simplifies pipeline layout, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0011] 2. High-precision control: Through the use of servo electric cylinders, encoders and sensors, high-precision control of the opening and closing angle of the movable clamp arm and the tightening torque is achieved, which significantly improves the tightening quality and work efficiency.

[0012] 3. Multi-axis coordinated control: The rotation, clamping and gear shifting are synchronized through the PLC.

[0013] 4. Explosion-proof and environmentally adaptable design: meets the safe operation requirements of the petroleum industry in flammable and explosive environments.

[0014] 5. Automation Integration: The electrical control module supports linkage with the workover rig's main control system and access to a remote monitoring platform to meet the needs of intelligent operations. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric drill rod power tong.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary motor and rotary drive for the column assembly.

[0017] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the lifting seat assembly and the lifting electric cylinder.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic boom assembly and telescopic electric cylinder.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the floating pliers assembly.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension device and clamp assembly.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Column body, 2. Rotary motor, 3. Rotary drive, 4. Rotary encoder, 5. Connecting sleeve, 6. Connecting flange, 7. Servo motor, 8. Lifting cylinder, 9. Lifting seat body, 10. Lifting seat double ear seat, 11. Lifting cylinder connecting seat, 12. Roller, 13. Telescopic cylinder, 14. Telescopic arm, 15. Telescopic arm auxiliary ear seat, 16. Intermediate link, 17. Chain arm, 18. Boom, 19. Guide seat, 20. Front joint, 21. Clamping cylinder, 22. Rotary power motor, 23. Suspension device, 24. Gear shifting device, 25. Sensor, 26. Gear shifting cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the electric drill rod power tong in this embodiment consists of a column body 1, a rotary motor 2, a rotary drive 3, a rotary encoder 4, a connecting sleeve 5, a connecting flange 6, a servo motor 7, a lifting cylinder 8, a lifting seat body 9, a lifting seat double ear seat 10, a lifting cylinder connecting seat 11, a roller 12, a telescopic cylinder 13, a telescopic arm 14, a telescopic arm auxiliary ear seat 15, an intermediate link 16, a chain arm 17, a boom 18, a guide seat 19, and a front joint 20, etc. The assembly is mounted on the base.

[0024] In this embodiment, the column assembly of the electric drill pipe power tong consists of a connecting sleeve 5, a rotary drive 3, a connecting flange 6, a column body 1, a rotary motor 2, and a rotary encoder 4. The connecting sleeve 5 is bolted to the base and limited by a brake block. The upper end of the connecting sleeve 5 directly engages with the rotary drive 3. The rotary drive 3 and the column body 1 are connected via the connecting flange 6. The rotary encoder 4 is mounted on the rotary drive 3 and provides real-time feedback of the rotation angle to the electronic control system.

[0025] In this embodiment, the lifting seat assembly consists of a lifting seat body 9, a lifting cylinder connecting seat 11, a lifting cylinder 8, and rollers 12. The lifting cylinder connecting seat 11 is bolted to the column body 1. The lifting cylinder 7 is centrally positioned between the slide rails of the column assembly 1. The lug structure at the end of the cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder 8 is hinged to the lifting cylinder connecting seat 11. When the lifting cylinder 8 extends, it drives the lifting seat body 9 to move upward; when it retracts, it moves downward. The fixing bracket of the roller assembly has pre-set threaded holes that align with the threaded holes on the side of the lifting seat body 9. The rollers 12 are equipped with bearings and move up and down on the slide rails of the column body 1. The two sides are the roller moving surfaces. There are two rollers 12 on each side of the slide rail, arranged symmetrically around the center.

[0026] In this embodiment, the folding arm mechanism consists of eight telescopic arms 14, two left and right chain arms 17, two telescopic electric cylinders 13, and an intermediate link 16. One end of the telescopic arm 14 is hinged to the intermediate link 16, and the other end is hinged to the double-ear seat of the front joint 20 of the clamp head floating assembly and the double-ear seat 10 of the lifting seat. The bottom of the cylinder of the telescopic electric cylinder 13 is hinged to the lifting seat body 9 as the fixed end, and the cylinder head is hinged to the telescopic arm auxiliary ear seat 15 as the movable end. The telescopic electric cylinder 13 extends and retracts, driving the telescopic arm to move axially. The two ends of the left and right chain arms are respectively hinged and fixed to the telescopic arms 14, and the multi-stage synchronous extension and retraction of the arm body is achieved through chain drive.

[0027] In this embodiment, the upper end of the front joint 20 of the pliers floating assembly is bolted to the guide seat 19, and the lower end of the double ear seats on both sides is hinged to the telescopic arm 14. The boom 18 moves up and down on the side of the guide seat 19 via rollers and wheels. The base of the spring buffer device is bolted to the front joint 20. The lower end of the spring buffer device is hinged to the base and passes through the guide seat 19. The side of the guide seat 19 has a slot, and the pin passes through the slot and is hinged to the upper end of the spring buffer device.

[0028] The clamp assembly is connected to the boom 18 via the suspension device 23. The sensor 25 is fixed to the clamp assembly via the mounting base. The shifting device 24 is connected to the drill pipe power clamp via the reducer. The shifting electric cylinder 26 is fixed on the shifting device assembly to realize gear switching. The clamp clamping electric cylinder 21 is fixed to the bottom of the clamp with bolts. The rotary power motor 22 is supported by the boom and connected to the power clamp.

[0029] In this embodiment, the main installation steps of the electric drill rod power tong before field use are as follows:

[0030] 1. Place the electric drill rod power tong base in the predetermined installation position, measure the levelness with a level, and then connect the bolts.

[0031] 2. Check that all electric cylinders, control system, and sensor positioning system of the power pliers are normal.

[0032] 3. Conduct operational tests to verify whether the clamping force, torque output, and operating efficiency of the power clamp meet the requirements.

[0033] In this embodiment, the working process of the electric drill pipe power tong is as follows: After the sensor 25 detects the position of the drill pipe, it transmits the signal to the electronic control system. Confirming that the tong head is aligned with the drill pipe, the electronic control system sends a clamping command to the clamping cylinder 21. The servo motor rotates forward, driving the lead screw to extend the piston rod. The piston rod pulls the tong head plate closed via a pull rod until the sensor 25 provides feedback. At this point, the clamping cylinder 21 stops and locks. During gear shifting, the electronic control system sends a shifting signal to the shifting cylinder 26. The piston rod of the shifting cylinder 26 extends and retracts, pushing the shift fork to switch gears. After the shifting cylinder 26 provides feedback, it confirms the shift is complete. The electronic control system starts the rotary power motor 22 of the drill pipe power tong, causing the tong body to rotate forward and engage. After engaging, the sensor 25 detects the torque of the tong head and sends a signal. The rotary power motor 22 stops, and the electronic control system sends a signal to the clamping cylinder 21. The servo motor reverses, the piston rod retracts, and the spring-assisted pull rod resets, releasing the drill pipe and completing the cycle.

[0034] In this embodiment, all movements of the electrically driven drill pipe power tong are electrically driven during operation. The control system is integrated into the PLC electrical control system. The control system consists of a clamping electric cylinder 21, a rotary power motor 22, a shifting electric cylinder 26, a rotary motor 2, and sensors 25. The PLC is used to achieve multi-axis coordinated control between the electric cylinders. Panel operation is used; sensor signals are collected or combined and then transmitted to the control system. Before each operation, the start button is manually pressed, and the system automatically completes the start and stop actions. The control system has functions such as emergency stop and manual reset.

[0035] The following is an explanation of this embodiment:

[0036] The drill pipe power tong drive unit is entirely equipped with an all-electric servo motor system.

[0037] The opening and closing of the clamp head and the operation of the main drive system are coordinated by a servo motor group to ensure synchronous matching of torque and speed, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of clamping and unclamping.

[0038] When adapting to various drill pipe specifications, the system automatically adapts to drill pipe requirements without the need to replace system components, thanks to the preset program in the control system.

Claims

1. An electrically driven drill pipe power tong, applied in the field of oil well workover equipment technology, used for drill pipe coupling and uncoupling operations, characterized in that, The drill pipe power tong is a fully electric drive structure, consisting of a column body, rotary motor, rotary drive, rotary encoder, connecting sleeve, connecting flange, servo motor, lifting cylinder, lifting seat body, lifting seat double lugs, lifting cylinder connecting seat, rollers, telescopic cylinder, telescopic arm, telescopic arm auxiliary lugs, intermediate link, chain arm, boom, guide seat, front joint, tong body clamping cylinder, rotary power motor, suspension device, shifting device, sensor, shifting cylinder, etc. It controls the clamping, shifting, and uncoupling actions of the power tong through the cylinder and sensor to achieve high-precision drill pipe uncoupling.

2. The electrically driven drill rod power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting sleeve directly engages with the rotary drive, and the lower end is fixed to the base with bolts. It is limited by a brake block. The rotary drive is connected to the column body via a connecting flange. The rotary motor drives the power clamp to rotate around the column axis. The rotary encoder is installed on the rotary drive to provide real-time feedback of the rotation angle to the electronic control system.

3. The electrically driven drill pipe power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting cylinder connecting seat is fixed to the column body, and the lifting cylinder is embedded between the slide rails of the column body and hinged to the lifting cylinder connecting seat; the lifting seat body slides in cooperation with the slide rails of the column body, and the roller assembly is installed on the lifting seat body through bearings and forms rolling contact with the slide rails.

4. The electrically driven drill rod power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the telescopic arm is hinged to the intermediate link, and the other end is hinged to the front joint double ear seat of the pliers floating assembly and the double ear seat of the lifting seat. The bottom of the telescopic electric cylinder is hinged to the lifting seat body as the fixed end, and the cylinder rod head is hinged to the telescopic arm auxiliary ear seat as the movable end. The telescopic electric cylinder extends and retracts, driving the telescopic arm to move axially. The two ends of the left and right chain arms are respectively hinged and fixed to the telescopic arm. The two telescopic electric cylinders move synchronously, and the multi-stage arm body synchronous extension and retraction is achieved through chain drive.

5. The electrically driven drill pipe power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the front joint of the pliers floating assembly is bolted to the guide seat, and the lower end of the double ear seats on both sides is hinged to the telescopic arm. The boom slides with the guide seat through rollers. The base of the spring buffer device is bolted to the front joint, and the lower end is hinged to the base and passes through the guide seat. A slot is opened on the side of the guide seat, and the pin passes through the slot and is hinged to the upper end of the spring buffer device.

6. The electrically driven drill pipe power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp assembly is connected to the boom via a suspension device. The sensor is embedded in the mounting base and fixed on the clamp body. The shifting device is connected to the drill pipe power clamp body via a reducer. The shifting electric cylinder is fixed on the shifting device assembly to realize gear switching. The clamp clamping electric cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the clamp body with bolts. The rotation power motor is connected to the power clamp input end via the boom support.

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