Vertical bearing seat capable of quickly adjusting pre-tightening force of bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical bearing seat capable of quickly adjusting bearing pre-tightening force, and relates to the technical field of bearing seats. When a main shaft bearing seat is used, pretightening force needs to be adjusted through a test so as to adjust the relation between the rigidity of a bearing and the temperature of the bearing, a method for replacing a pretightening elastic element is usually adopted for adjusting the pretightening force, and the process is time-consuming and labor-consuming. In order to solve the problem that the elastic pre-tightening force of a bearing cannot be quickly adjusted when the bearing seat is used, a power transmission rotating structure, a lubricating oil supply and return passage and a pre-tightening force adjusting structure are designed and invented, and the bearing seat applying the structure solves the problems that a shaft system needs to be disassembled and an elastic element needs to be replaced when the pre-tightening force of the bearing is adjusted. The invention is suitable for the technical field of bearing pedestals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing housing technology, and specifically to a vertical bearing housing that allows for rapid adjustment of bearing preload. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical transmission systems, transmission equipment typically requires the use of bearing housings in the shaft system to address issues such as the rationality of shaft support points and shaft length limitations. The design of the bearing housing and the selection of bearings must be confirmed based on the required speed and power of the equipment. Appropriate bearing preload can eliminate bearing clearance, improve bearing rigidity, and increase shaft positioning accuracy. This prevents excessive preload from causing significant impact on the rolling elements of the bearing, or excessive preload from increasing heat generation during operation, ultimately reducing bearing life. Bearing specifications recommend preload ranges, but the machining accuracy of various parts and the design of the preload method can affect the actual preload value, leading to deviations from the theoretically calculated value. Therefore, experimental adjustments to the preload are often necessary in practical engineering applications.

[0003] Bearing preload methods can be broadly categorized into rigid preload and elastic preload. Rigid preload involves the bearing and other preload materials undergoing elastic deformation, generating preload force through material deformation. Because this type of preload force is generated by material deformation, and the material itself has high stiffness, the preload force is easily affected by temperature changes causing dimensional variations. Elastic preload, on the other hand, primarily uses elastic elements such as cylindrical springs to generate preload force through deformation. Since the stiffness coefficient of these elastic elements is relatively low, temperature-induced dimensional changes do not significantly alter the preload force.

[0004] In summary, existing elastic preload bearings use the force generated by the deformation of elastic elements such as cylindrical springs as the preload. In engineering applications, it is often necessary to make experimental adjustments to the preload. However, when adjusting the preload of traditional structures, a lot of disassembly work is required to replace the elastic element and then adjust the bearing preload. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problem of cumbersome and time-consuming preload adjustment processes when using elastic elements for bearing preload adjustment, and proposes a vertical bearing housing that allows for rapid adjustment of bearing preload.

[0006] The present invention provides a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload, comprising a preload adjusting sealing plate 1, a preload pressure ring 2, a bearing inner ring clamping nut 3, a nut locking washer 4, a bearing inner spacer ring 5, a transmission shaft system 6, a housing 7, an upper bearing 8, a lower bearing 9, and a sealing oil return flange 10.

[0007] The housing 7 is a hollow cylinder, and a transmission shaft system 6 is provided inside the housing 7. A bearing inner spacer 5 is fitted in the middle of the transmission shaft system 6. An upper bearing 8 is provided at the top of the bearing inner spacer 5, and a lower bearing 9 is provided at the bottom of the bearing inner spacer 5. The inner rings of the upper bearing 8 and the lower bearing 9 are fitted on the outer surface of the transmission shaft system 6. A threaded section is machined in the upper middle part of the transmission shaft system 6, and a bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 is provided on the threaded section. A nut locking washer 4 is provided between the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 and the upper bearing 8. The top of the housing 7 is fixed to the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 by bolts. A preload pressure ring 2 is embedded in the top of the housing 7. The top of the transmission shaft system 6 passes through the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 and the preload pressure ring 2 in sequence. A sealing oil return flange 10 is provided at the bottom of the housing 7 and is fixed to each other by bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-section of the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 is "convex" shaped; the upper surface of the protrusion of the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 is machined with multiple stepped holes 11 along the circumferential direction, each stepped hole 11 has threads machined on the inner wall of the small diameter section, and a clamping bolt is provided inside the small diameter section of the stepped hole 11, and a spring is provided inside the large diameter section of the stepped hole 11, and the bottom end of the clamping bolt contacts one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring contacts the end face of the preload pressure ring 2;

[0009] Furthermore, a sealing ring 12 is provided on the inner wall of the center hole of the preload adjusting sealing plate 1, and multiple oil-lubricating inclined holes 13 are machined along the circumferential direction on the large diameter end face of the preload adjusting sealing plate 1, and multiple preload pressure ring return oil holes 21 are uniformly machined on the outer circumferential surface of the preload pressure ring 2.

[0010] Furthermore, two anti-rotation protrusions 41 are evenly provided along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the central hole of the nut locking washer 4.

[0011] Furthermore, a bearing disassembly groove 61 is machined at the contact point between the transmission shaft system 6 and the inner ring of the lower bearing 9, and a nut anti-rotation groove 62 is machined at the contact point between the transmission shaft system 6 and the center hole of the nut locking washer 4, and the anti-rotation boss 41 on the nut locking washer 4 is connected to the nut anti-rotation groove 62 on the transmission shaft system 6.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the outer surface of the transmission shaft system 6 is machined with an upper transmission spline 63, and the center of the bottom end face of the transmission shaft system 6 is machined with a lower transmission spline 64.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom end face of the transmission shaft system 6 is machined with a skirt-shaped oil-slinging ring groove 65 along the circumferential edge;

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the sealing oil return flange 10 is provided with a conical oil baffle ring 101, and an oil defoaming auxiliary support ring 102 is sleeved on the conical oil baffle ring 101. The conical oil baffle ring 101 has a sealing ring groove structure 104 machined inside. The top of the conical oil baffle ring 101 of the sealing oil return flange 10 is inserted into the skirt-shaped oil throwing ring groove 65 on the bottom surface of the transmission shaft system 6.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the sealing oil return flange 10 is uniformly machined with multiple countersunk mounting holes 105 along the circumferential direction, and the boss end face of the sealing oil return flange 10 is machined with an oil return hole 103.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom end face of the housing 7 is machined with a flange mounting boss 71, and the outer surface of the housing 7 is sequentially machined with two temperature sensor mounting holes 72, two lubricating oil supply holes 73, and multiple vibration test holes 74 along the height direction. The two temperature sensor mounting holes 72 are directly opposite the mounting positions of the upper bearing 8 and the lower bearing 9, and the two lubricating oil supply holes 73 can ensure that lubricating oil is sprayed onto the rolling elements of the upper bearing 8 and the lower bearing 9.

[0017] Furthermore, a bearing oil return hole 75 is machined along the height direction at the top edge of the housing 7, and an upper bearing upper cavity 751 is machined at the upper end of the housing 7, and a lower bearing upper cavity 752 is machined at the lower end of the housing 7. The bearing oil return hole 75 is connected to the upper bearing upper cavity 751 and the lower bearing upper cavity 752. The outer ring of the lower bearing 9 is connected to the lower bearing upper cavity 752, and the upper bearing 8 is connected to the upper bearing upper cavity 751. A lower bearing mounting boss 76 is machined on the inner wall of the bottom end of the housing 7. The lower bearing mounting boss 76 is used to provide support for the outer ring of the lower bearing 9.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixed installation structure of the vertical bearing housing is mainly ensured by the structural features on the housing 7. The structural design of the housing 7 needs to consider sufficient installation strength to ensure that no harmful vibration occurs when the internal shaft system is working. In the structure of the flange mounting boss 71, the flange mainly plays the role of fastening, while the outside plays the role of installation and positioning. In order to ensure sufficient positioning accuracy and rigidity, the outer finishing surface usually needs to have two finishing surfaces, one upper and one lower, and the two finishing surfaces should be as close as possible to the two ends of the housing. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the two finishing surfaces and the inner hole of the housing 7 where the bearing is installed have good machining coaxiality requirements.

[0019] The power transmission rotating structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a bearing inner ring clamping nut 3, a nut locking washer 4, a bearing inner spacer 5, a transmission shaft 6, an upper bearing 8, and a lower bearing 9. The upper bearing 8 and lower bearing 9 act as intermediary components between the rotating and stationary parts. Their operating temperature dissipation and environmental control are achieved through lubricating oil. The selection of the two bearing models determines the working capacity (speed and stress conditions) of the vertical bearing housing. During high-speed rotation of the shaft system, it is essential to ensure that the inner rings of the two bearings are tightly fitted with the transmission shaft 6 without relative movement. To ensure this tightness, axial and radial clamping forces are typically applied. The radial force is achieved through an interference fit during machining, with the interference value usually specified in the bearing sample. The axial force, through the threaded structure of the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3, clamps the nut locking washer 4, further tightening the inner rings of the upper bearing 8, the bearing inner spacer 5, and the lower bearing 9. The tightening torque of the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 is usually specified in the bearing sample. After the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 is tightened to the specified torque value, the rotational freedom of the nut is restricted by the locking method of the clamping nut locking washer 4, which further restricts the unloading of the entire shaft system force.

[0020] The rotating component lubrication structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjusting sealing plate 1, a preload pressure ring 2, a housing 7, and a sealing return flange 10. The lubrication structure includes a sealing structure and an oil return circuit. The preload adjusting sealing plate 1 has a sealing ring 12 and an oil return inclined hole 13. The sealing ring 12 is fitted with the outer diameter of the rotating shaft with a clearance fit, ensuring the upper seal of the vertical bearing housing. The tapered oil retaining ring 101 and the sealing ring groove structure 104 in the sealing return flange 10 are fitted with the outer diameter of the rotating shaft with a clearance fit, forming the lower seal of the vertical bearing housing. The oil return inclined hole 013 communicates with the lower oil return hole, serving as the return hole when the upper sealing structure fails. The preload pressure ring 2, the housing 7, and the preload pressure ring return hole 21, the bearing oil return hole 75, and the return hole 103 on the sealing return flange 10 together form the oil return circuit. The number and size of the return oil circuits are designed to be as numerous as possible, within the limits of the machining process, to ensure smooth oil return.

[0021] The bearing preload structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjusting sealing plate 1 and a preload pressure ring 2. During installation, the outer diameter of the preload pressure ring 2 must be clearance-fitted with the housing 7 to ensure that the spring force can be transmitted to the outer ring of the upper bearing, and then to the lower bearing via the two bearings arranged in an "X" shape. The spring force is adjusted by the amount of spring compression caused by the tightening of the bolts. After adjusting the bolt depth, it must be tightened with threads to prevent loosening due to vibration, which would lead to changes in spring compression. The design of the stepped holes 11 on the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 needs to be based on the required preload force of the bearing, thus determining the number, diameter, and depth of the stepped holes 11. However, it is important to ensure that the hole depth is matched with the bolt length to ensure that the spring does not fail when the bolt is fully tightened and the spring undergoes maximum deformation.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies. It employs a power transmission rotary structure, an oil supply and return passage, and a preload adjustment structure. The power transmission rotary structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a bearing inner ring clamping nut, a nut locking washer, a bearing inner spacer ring, a transmission shaft, an upper bearing, and a lower bearing. The rotating component lubrication structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjustment sealing plate, a preload pressure ring, a mounting housing, and a sealing return flange. The bearing preload structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjustment sealing plate and a preload pressure ring. Combining these three structures solves the problem of disassembling the shaft system for bearing preload adjustment.

[0024] Furthermore, by adjusting the clamping bolts inside the stepped hole, the spring is compressed by the clamping bolts, and the spring force generated by the spring is applied to the upper bearing through the preload ring, thereby achieving the adjustment of different preload forces of the bearing in the bearing housing. The bearing is also lubricated and cooled through the oil supply and return passage. The components in this structure have high fitting precision, and some components need to have high machining precision and a certain interference fit to ensure that the vibration index operates within the normal range. It is suitable for high-speed operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the oil flow direction in a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the preload adjusting sealing plate in a vertical bearing housing that can quickly adjust the bearing preload, as described in this invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a side sectional view of the preload adjusting sealing plate in a vertical bearing housing that allows for rapid adjustment of bearing preload, as described in this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the stepped hole on the preload adjusting sealing plate in a vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0031] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stepped hole on the preload adjusting sealing plate in a vertical bearing housing that can quickly adjust the bearing preload, as described in this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the preload ring in a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the nut locking washer in a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a main sectional view of the bearing inner spacer in a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission shaft system in a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a main sectional view of the transmission shaft system in a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a sealing oil return flange in a vertical bearing housing that can quickly adjust the bearing preload, as described in this invention.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a main sectional view of the sealing oil return flange in a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment describes a vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload, comprising a preload adjusting sealing plate 1, a preload pressure ring 2, a bearing inner ring clamping nut 3, a nut locking washer 4, a bearing inner spacer ring 5, a transmission shaft system 6, a housing 7, an upper bearing 8, a lower bearing 9, and a sealing oil return flange 10.

[0041] The housing 7 is a hollow cylinder, and a transmission shaft system 6 is provided inside the housing 7. A bearing inner spacer 5 is fitted in the middle of the transmission shaft system 6. An upper bearing 8 is provided at the top of the bearing inner spacer 5, and a lower bearing 9 is provided at the bottom of the bearing inner spacer 5. The inner rings of the upper bearing 8 and the lower bearing 9 are fitted on the outer surface of the transmission shaft system 6. A threaded section is machined in the upper middle part of the transmission shaft system 6, and a bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 is provided on the threaded section. A nut locking washer 4 is provided between the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 and the upper bearing 8. The top of the housing 7 is fixed to the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 by bolts. A preload pressure ring 2 is embedded in the top of the housing 7. The top of the transmission shaft system 6 passes through the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 and the preload pressure ring 2 in sequence. A sealing oil return flange 10 is provided at the bottom of the housing 7 and is fixed to each other by bolts.

[0042] This specific embodiment employs a power transmission rotary structure, a lubricating oil supply and return passage, and a preload adjustment structure. The power transmission rotary structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a bearing inner ring clamping nut, a nut locking washer, a bearing inner spacer ring, a transmission shaft, an upper bearing, and a lower bearing. The rotating component lubrication structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjustment sealing plate, a preload pressure ring, a mounting housing, and a sealing return flange. The bearing preload structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjustment sealing plate and a preload pressure ring. This combination of three structures solves the problem of needing to disassemble the shaft system for bearing preload adjustment.

[0043] Furthermore, by adjusting the clamping bolts inside the stepped hole, the spring is compressed by the clamping bolts, and the spring force generated by the spring is applied to the upper bearing through the preload ring, thereby achieving the adjustment of different preload forces of the bearing in the bearing housing. The bearing is also lubricated and cooled through the oil supply and return passage. The components in this structure have high fitting precision, and some components need to have high machining precision and a certain interference fit to ensure that the vibration index operates within the normal range. It is suitable for high-speed operating conditions.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment 1. This embodiment describes a vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload. The preload adjusting sealing plate 1 has a "convex" shaped cross-section. Multiple stepped holes 11 are machined along the circumferential direction on the upper surface of the protrusion of the preload adjusting sealing plate 1. Each stepped hole 11 has threads machined on the inner wall of its small-diameter section, and a clamping bolt is provided inside the small-diameter section of the stepped hole 11. A spring is provided inside the large-diameter section of the stepped hole 11, and the bottom end of the clamping bolt contacts one end of the spring, while the other end of the spring contacts the end face of the preload pressure ring 2.

[0045] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 8This embodiment is a further limitation of the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment Two. The vertical bearing housing with quick adjustable bearing preload described in this embodiment has a sealing ring 12 on the inner wall of the center hole of the preload adjusting sealing plate 1. The large diameter end face of the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 is machined with a plurality of lubricating inclined holes 13 along the circumferential direction. A plurality of preload pressure ring return oil holes 21 are uniformly machined on the outer circumferential surface of the preload pressure ring 2.

[0046] In this specific embodiment, the pre-tightening force adjusting sealing plate 1 has a structure with a sealing ring 12 and a lubricating inclined hole 13. The sealing ring 12 is installed with a clearance fit with the outer diameter of the rotating shaft system, which ensures the sealing of the top of the vertical bearing seat.

[0047] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment 1. The vertical bearing housing described in this embodiment, which allows for quick adjustment of bearing preload, has two anti-rotation protrusions 41 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the central hole of the nut locking washer 4.

[0048] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 11 This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment 4. The vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload described in this embodiment has a bearing disassembly groove 61 machined at the contact point between the transmission shaft 6 and the inner ring of the lower bearing 9, and a nut anti-rotation groove 62 machined at the contact point between the transmission shaft 6 and the center hole of the nut locking washer 4. The anti-rotation boss 41 on the nut locking washer 4 is connected to the nut anti-rotation groove 62 on the transmission shaft 6.

[0049] In this specific embodiment, the anti-rotation boss 41 on the nut locking washer 4 is connected with the anti-rotation groove 62 on the transmission shaft system 6 to achieve circumferential limiting of the transmission shaft system 6 by using the anti-rotation boss 41 on the nut locking washer 4.

[0050] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 12 This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment Five. The vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload described in this embodiment has an upper transmission spline 63 machined on the top of the outer surface of the transmission shaft system 6, and a lower transmission spline 64 machined at the center of the bottom end face of the transmission shaft system 6.

[0051] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 12This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment 1. The vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload described in this embodiment has a skirt-shaped oil-throwing ring groove 65 machined along the circumferential edge of the bottom end face of the transmission shaft system 6.

[0052] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 15 This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment Seven. The vertical bearing housing described in this embodiment, which allows for rapid adjustment of bearing preload, has a tapered oil baffle ring 101 at its top end, and an oil defoaming auxiliary support ring 102 fitted onto the tapered oil baffle ring 101. The tapered oil baffle ring 101 has a sealing ring groove structure 104 machined inside. The top end of the tapered oil baffle ring 101 of the sealing oil return flange 10 is inserted into the skirt-shaped oil-throwing ring groove 65 on the bottom surface of the transmission shaft system 6.

[0053] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 15 This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment Eight. The vertical bearing housing with adjustable bearing preload described in this embodiment has multiple countersunk mounting holes 105 uniformly machined along the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the sealing oil return flange 10, and an oil return hole 103 machined on the boss end face of the sealing oil return flange 10.

[0054] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment further defines the bearing housing described in Specific Embodiment 1. This embodiment describes a vertical bearing housing with quickly adjustable bearing preload. The bottom end face of the housing 7 is machined with a flange mounting boss 71. Along the height direction, the outer surface of the housing 7 is sequentially machined with two temperature sensor mounting holes 72, two lubricating oil supply holes 73, and multiple vibration testing holes 74. The two temperature sensor mounting holes 72 are directly opposite the mounting positions of the upper bearing 8 and the lower bearing 9. The two lubricating oil supply holes 73 ensure that lubricating oil is sprayed onto the rolling elements of the upper bearing 8 and the lower bearing 9. The top edge of the housing 7 has a bearing oil return hole 75 machined along the height direction. The upper end of the housing 7 has an upper bearing cavity 751, and the lower end of the housing 7 has a lower bearing cavity 752. The bearing oil return hole 75 is connected to the upper bearing cavity 751 and the lower bearing cavity 752. The outer ring of the lower bearing 9 is connected to the lower bearing cavity 752. The upper bearing 8 is connected to the upper bearing cavity 751. The inner wall of the bottom end of the housing 7 has a lower bearing mounting boss 76, which provides support for the outer ring of the lower bearing 9.

[0055] Working principle

[0056] The fixed installation structure of the vertical bearing housing is mainly ensured by the structural features on the housing 7. The structural design of the housing 7 needs to consider sufficient installation strength to ensure that no harmful vibration occurs when the internal shaft system is working. In the structure of the flange mounting boss 71, the flange mainly plays the role of fastening, while the outside plays the role of installation and positioning. In order to ensure sufficient positioning accuracy and rigidity, the outer finishing surface usually needs to have two finishing surfaces, one above the other, and the two finishing surfaces should be as close as possible to the two ends of the housing. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the two finishing surfaces and the inner hole of the housing 7 where the bearing is installed have good machining coaxiality requirements.

[0057] The power transmission rotating structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a bearing inner ring clamping nut 3, a nut locking washer 4, a bearing inner spacer 5, a transmission shaft 6, an upper bearing 8, and a lower bearing 9. The upper bearing 8 and lower bearing 9 act as intermediary components between the rotating and stationary parts. Their operating temperature dissipation and environmental control are achieved through lubricating oil. The selection of the two bearing models determines the working capacity (speed and stress conditions) of the vertical bearing housing. During high-speed rotation of the shaft system, it is essential to ensure that the inner rings of the two bearings are tightly fitted with the transmission shaft 6 without relative movement. To ensure this tightness, axial and radial clamping forces are typically applied. The radial force is achieved through an interference fit during machining, with the interference value usually specified in the bearing sample. The axial force, through the threaded structure of the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3, clamps the nut locking washer 4, further tightening the inner rings of the upper bearing 8, the bearing inner spacer 5, and the lower bearing 9. The tightening torque of the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 is usually specified in the bearing sample. After the bearing inner ring clamping nut 3 is tightened to the specified torque value, the rotational freedom of the nut is restricted by the locking method of the clamping nut locking washer 4, which further restricts the unloading of the entire shaft system force.

[0058] The rotating component lubrication structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjusting sealing plate 1, a preload pressure ring 2, a housing 7, and a sealing return flange 10. The lubrication structure includes a sealing structure and an oil return circuit. The preload adjusting sealing plate 1 has a sealing ring 12 and an oil return inclined hole 13. The sealing ring 12 is fitted with the outer diameter of the rotating shaft with a clearance fit, ensuring the upper seal of the vertical bearing housing. The tapered oil retaining ring 101 and the sealing ring groove structure 104 in the sealing return flange 10 are fitted with the outer diameter of the rotating shaft with a clearance fit, forming the lower seal of the vertical bearing housing. The oil return inclined hole 013 communicates with the lower oil return hole, serving as the return hole when the upper sealing structure fails. The preload pressure ring 2, the housing 7, and the preload pressure ring return hole 21, the bearing oil return hole 75, and the return hole 103 on the sealing return flange 10 together form the oil return circuit. The number and size of the return oil circuits are designed to be as numerous as possible, within the limits of the machining process, to ensure smooth oil return.

[0059] The bearing preload structure of the vertical bearing housing consists of a preload adjusting sealing plate 1 and a preload pressure ring 2. During installation, the outer diameter of the preload pressure ring 2 must be clearance-fitted with the housing 7 to ensure that the spring force can be transmitted to the outer ring of the upper bearing, and then to the lower bearing via the X-type bearing arrangement. The spring force is adjusted by the screwing in of the bolts, which affects the spring compression. After adjusting the bolt depth, it must be tightened with threads to prevent loosening due to vibration, which would cause changes in spring compression. The design of the stepped holes 11 on the preload adjusting sealing plate 1 needs to be based on the required preload force of the bearing, thus determining the number, diameter, and depth of the stepped holes 11. However, it is important to note that the hole depth must be matched with the bolt length to ensure that the spring does not fail when the bolt is fully screwed in and the spring undergoes maximum deformation.

Claims

1. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload, characterized in that: It includes a preload adjusting sealing plate (1), a preload pressure ring (2), a bearing inner ring clamping nut (3), a nut locking washer (4), a bearing inner spacer (5), a transmission shaft system (6), a housing (7), an upper bearing (8), a lower bearing (9), and a sealing oil return flange (10). The housing (7) is a hollow cylinder, and the housing (7) is equipped with a transmission shaft system (6). The transmission shaft system (6) is fitted with a bearing inner spacer (5) in the middle. The bearing inner spacer (5) is equipped with an upper bearing (8) at the top and a lower bearing (9) at the bottom. The inner rings of the upper bearing (8) and the lower bearing (9) are fitted on the outer surface of the transmission shaft system (6). The transmission shaft system (6) is machined with a threaded section in the middle and upper part, and a bearing inner ring clamping nut (3) is provided on the threaded section. A nut locking washer (4) is provided between the bearing inner ring clamping nut (3) and the upper bearing (8). The top of the housing (7) is fixed to the preload adjusting sealing plate (1) by bolts. A preload clamping ring (2) is embedded in the top of the housing (7). The top of the transmission shaft system (6) passes through the preload adjusting sealing plate (1) and the preload clamping ring (2) in sequence. The bottom of the housing (7) is equipped with a sealing oil return flange (10), which is fixed to each other by bolts.

2. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the preload adjusting sealing plate (1) is "convex" shaped; the upper surface of the protrusion of the preload adjusting sealing plate (1) is machined with multiple stepped holes (11) along the circumferential direction. Each stepped hole (11) has a thread on the inner wall of the small diameter section, and a clamping bolt is provided inside the small diameter section of the stepped hole (11). A spring is provided inside the large diameter section of the stepped hole (11), and the bottom end of the clamping bolt contacts one end of the spring, while the other end of the spring contacts the end face of the preload pressure ring (2).

3. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preload adjusting sealing plate (1) has a sealing ring (12) on the inner wall of the center hole. The large diameter end face of the preload adjusting sealing plate (1) is machined with multiple oil oblique holes (13) along the circumferential direction. The preload pressure ring (2) has multiple preload pressure ring return oil holes (21) uniformly machined on the outer circumferential surface.

4. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut locking washer (4) has two anti-rotation bosses (41) evenly provided on the inner wall of the center hole along the circumferential direction.

5. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (6) has a bearing disassembly groove (61) at the contact point with the inner ring of the lower bearing (9), and the transmission shaft (6) has a nut anti-rotation groove (62) at the contact point with the center hole of the nut locking washer (4). The anti-rotation boss (41) on the nut locking washer (4) is connected to the nut anti-rotation groove (62) on the transmission shaft (6).

6. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission shaft system (6) has an upper transmission spline (63) machined on the top of its outer surface and a lower transmission spline (64) machined at the center of its bottom end face.

7. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end face of the transmission shaft system (6) is machined with a skirt-shaped oil-slinging ring groove (65) along the circumferential edge.

8. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the sealing return flange (10) is provided with a conical oil baffle ring (101), and an oil defoaming auxiliary support ring (102) is fitted on the conical oil baffle ring (101). The conical oil baffle ring (101) has a sealing ring groove structure (104) inside. The top of the conical oil baffle ring (101) of the sealing return flange (10) is inserted into the skirt-type oil throwing ring groove (65) on the bottom surface of the transmission shaft system (6).

9. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the sealing oil return flange (10) is uniformly machined with multiple countersunk mounting holes (105) along the circumferential direction, and the boss end face of the sealing oil return flange (10) is machined with an oil return hole (103).

10. A vertical bearing housing with rapidly adjustable bearing preload according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end face of the housing (7) is machined with a flange mounting boss (71). The outer surface of the housing (7) is machined sequentially along the height direction with two temperature sensor mounting holes (72), two lubricating oil supply holes (73), and multiple vibration test holes (74). The two temperature sensor mounting holes (72) are directly opposite the mounting positions of the upper bearing (8) and the lower bearing (9). The two lubricating oil supply holes (73) can ensure that lubricating oil is sprayed onto the rolling elements of the upper bearing (8) and the lower bearing (9). The top edge of the housing (7) is machined along the height direction with a bearing lubricating oil return hole (75). The upper end of the housing (7) is machined with an upper bearing cavity (751), and the lower end of the housing (7) is machined with a lower bearing cavity (752). The bearing oil return hole (75) is connected to the upper bearing cavity (751) and the lower bearing cavity (752). The outer ring of the lower bearing (9) is connected to the lower bearing cavity (752). The upper bearing (8) is connected to the upper bearing cavity (751). The inner wall of the bottom end of the housing (7) is machined with a lower bearing mounting boss (76). The lower bearing mounting boss (76) is used to provide support for the outer ring of the lower bearing (9).

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