Friction and wear testing device and testing method for bionic micro-texture guide rail

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of testing devices, and discloses a bionic micro-texture guide rail friction wear testing device and testing method. The bionic micro-texture guide rail friction wear testing device comprises a base, a mounting frame fixedly mounted at the top end of the base, a lower clamp arranged above the base and a driving mechanism arranged on the base and used for driving the lower clamp to horizontally reciprocate, and an upper sliding table and a lower sliding table are slidably mounted on the inner side of the mounting frame; uniform oil dripping is achieved through cooperation of the flow dividing pipe and the multiple oil outlets and movement of the lower sample, meanwhile, the scraper blade is combined for blade coating of lubricating oil, the piston in the flow dividing pipe can synchronously move along with adjustment of the oil suction assembly so as to automatically close the oil outlet in the outer side, the working range of the oil outlets can adapt to the lower samples of different sizes, and the working efficiency is improved. The dripping amount of the lubricating oil is effectively controlled, the situation of excessive adding or insufficient adding caused by different sizes of lower samples during manual dripping is avoided, the waste of oil liquid is reduced, and the accuracy and uniformity of lubricating oil coating are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing equipment technology, specifically to a biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Bionic microtextured guideways are guideways designed based on biomimetic principles. They improve performance by machining tiny structures with specific shapes, sizes, and arrays onto the guideway surface. For example, some bionic microtextured guideways mimic the crawling patterns of snakes, machining S-shaped grooves and micropores on the surface to achieve self-lubrication and trap wear debris, reducing friction and wear. Others imitate the pitted morphology of dung beetles, machining quadrilateral pits to store oil and debris, improving the guideway's wear resistance and drag reduction, and minimizing crawling phenomena under low-speed, heavy-load conditions. These guideways effectively improve the operating accuracy, stability, and reliability of equipment and are widely used in high-precision mechanical equipment such as CNC machine tools and industrial robots.

[0003] The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device is a specialized instrument for evaluating the tribological properties of this type of guide rail. It mainly simulates actual working conditions (such as load, speed, lubrication conditions, etc.) to accurately measure the friction coefficient, wear amount, and surface morphology changes of the guide rail sample and its mating parts. The device typically includes a loading system (applying different loads), a drive system (controlling the relative motion speed and mode), a detection system (such as force sensors to measure friction force and microscopes to observe wear traces), and an environmental control module (adjusting temperature, lubrication status, etc.). It can comprehensively reflect the influence of microtexture on the friction reduction and wear resistance of the guide rail, providing experimental basis for its design optimization.

[0004] In existing technologies for testing the friction and wear of biomimetic microtextured guide rails, a lower sample made of the same material as the guide rail and an upper sample made of the same material as the mating part are typically bonded together. A load is then applied to the upper sample to increase the pressure of the upper sample on the lower sample. During the test, the friction and wear are measured by driving the upper and lower samples to move relative to each other. To simulate actual usage scenarios, lubricating oil is usually applied to the upper surface of the lower sample. This application is generally done manually. During the operation, lubricating oil is first dripped onto the center of the upper surface of the lower sample, and after standing, the excess oil is scraped off with a scraper. Due to the different sizes of the lower samples during the test, it is difficult to control the amount of lubricating oil added, which can easily result in adding too much or too little oil, leading to oil waste. Furthermore, the scraped oil can easily drip onto the worktable, making subsequent cleaning difficult.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device and method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomimetic micro-textured guide rail friction and wear testing device and method, which can effectively control the amount of lubricating oil added, avoid the situation of adding too much or too little due to different sample sizes when adding manually, reduce oil waste, and improve the accuracy and uniformity of lubricating oil coating.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a biomimetic micro-textured guide rail friction and wear testing device, comprising a base, a mounting frame fixedly installed on the top of the base, a lower clamp disposed above the base, and a driving mechanism disposed on the base for driving the lower clamp to move horizontally and reciprocally. An upper slide and a lower slide are slidably installed on the inner side of the mounting frame, and the upper slide and the lower slide are elastically connected by a spring. A loading mechanism for driving the upper slide to rise and fall is provided on the mounting frame. A mounting plate is fixedly installed on the upper slide, and an upper clamp is disposed on the mounting plate. An oiling mechanism for applying lubricating oil is provided above the base. The oiling mechanism includes a housing, a lifting component for driving the housing to rise and fall, a diversion pipe disposed below the housing, and multiple oil outlets disposed below the diversion pipe and connected to the diversion pipe. A scraper is disposed on one side of the housing along the length direction, and oil suction components are disposed on both sides of the bottom of the housing.

[0008] A further feature of the present invention is that an oil storage box is embedded in the top of the housing, and an oil inlet is provided in the middle of the top of the diversion pipe, and the oil inlet is connected to the oil storage box through a liquid pump.

[0009] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the oil-absorbing assembly includes an L-shaped plate, oil-absorbing cotton, and an adjusting component for adjusting the position of the L-shaped plate; the L-shaped plate is slidably disposed below the housing, and the oil-absorbing cotton is disposed on the inner side of the L-shaped plate; the adjusting component includes a double-ended screw and an adjusting seat; the double-ended screw is rotatably mounted on one side of the housing; the bottom of the adjusting seat is fixedly connected to the L-shaped plate; the double-ended screw passes through two adjusting seats, and the double-ended screw is threadedly connected to the two adjusting seats.

[0010] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the lifting assembly includes a support frame and an electric push rod, the support frame is disposed on the base, the electric push rod is fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the support frame, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the oil storage box.

[0011] A further feature of the present invention is that pistons are slidably mounted on both sides of the inner cavity of the diverter tube, the pistons are elastically connected to the end wall of the diverter tube via spring three, and an adjusting rope is fixedly connected to the pistons. The adjusting rope passes through spring three and the end wall of the diverter tube in sequence, and exits from the middle of the side wall of the housing to connect with the adjusting seat.

[0012] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: a sliding plate is slidably mounted on the side of the L-shaped plate away from the adjusting seat; a guide post is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the L-shaped plate; the guide post passes through the sliding plate and slides with the sliding plate; a second spring is sleeved on the guide post; one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the L-shaped plate; the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the sliding plate; and the oil-absorbing cotton is disposed between the L-shaped plate and the sliding plate, with a through hole inside the oil-absorbing cotton for the second spring to pass through.

[0013] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the driving mechanism includes a test bench, a motor, a lead screw, and a slide block. The test bench is fixedly installed on the top of the base. A sliding groove is provided on the test bench. The slide block is slidably installed in the sliding groove. The lower clamp is installed on the top of the slide block. The lead screw is rotatably installed inside the sliding groove. The motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the test bench. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw. The lead screw passes through the slide block and is threadedly connected to the slide block.

[0014] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: two parallel guide rails are fixedly installed on the base, and a slide block II is slidably installed in each of the two guide rails. The two ends of the bottom of the support frame are respectively fixedly connected to the two slide blocks II. A motor II and a lead screw II are provided on one of the guide rails. The lead screw II is rotatably installed inside the guide rail and is threadedly connected to the slide block II. The motor II is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rail, and the output end of the motor II is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw II. Two recycling boxes are installed on the base, and the two recycling boxes are respectively adapted to two oil absorption components. A recycling port is provided on the top of the recycling box. A baffle is fixedly installed in the recycling port. The top of the baffle extends out of the recycling port. When the oil absorption component moves toward the recycling port, the slide plate contacts the baffle, causing the baffle to push the slide plate to move and compress the oil absorption cotton, so as to squeeze out the lubricating oil absorbed in the oil absorption cotton and drip it into the recycling box.

[0015] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the loading mechanism includes a reducer, a third motor, and a third lead screw. The reducer is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame, the third motor is fixedly mounted on the reducer, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer, the output end of the reducer is fixedly connected to the top end of the third lead screw, a nut is fixedly mounted on the upper slide, the third lead screw passes through the nut, and the third lead screw is threadedly connected to the nut; a three-dimensional force sensor is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the mounting plate, and the upper clamp is mounted on the detection end of the three-dimensional force sensor.

[0016] This invention also discloses a biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing method, which uses the biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device described in any of the above claims, and includes the following steps: S1. The lower sample is fixed by the lower clamp, the upper sample is fixed by the upper clamp, and then the lower clamp is driven to move horizontally by the drive mechanism, so that the lower sample moves to the bottom of the shell. S2. The housing is driven to move downward by the lifting assembly, so that the scraper is close to the lower sample. Then, lubricating oil is introduced into the distribution pipe. The lubricating oil drips onto the surface of the lower sample through multiple oil outlets. The lower sample drips oil while moving the oil outlets, and the scraper scrapes the lubricating oil dripping onto the surface of the lower sample evenly. S3. The upper slide is driven to move downward by the loading mechanism. When the upper slide moves downward, the lower slide moves downward by the first spring, which in turn drives the upper clamp to move downward by the mounting plate, so that the upper sample and the lower sample are in contact. The upper slide continues to move downward to compress the first spring, thereby adjusting the pressure of the upper sample on the lower sample. After the pressure is adjusted, the lower clamp is driven to reciprocate by the driving mechanism, so that the lower sample reciprocates relative to the upper sample to perform friction and wear testing.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention achieves uniform oil dripping by setting up an oiling mechanism, utilizing a diversion pipe and multiple oil outlets in conjunction with the movement of the sample, while simultaneously using a scraper to scrape the lubricating oil. Furthermore, the piston inside the diversion pipe can move synchronously with the adjustment of the oil suction component to automatically close the outer oil outlet, so that the working range of the oil outlet can be adapted to samples of different sizes, effectively controlling the amount of lubricating oil added, avoiding the situation of adding too much or too little due to different sample sizes when manually adding oil, reducing oil waste, and improving the accuracy and uniformity of lubricating oil coating; By installing an oil-absorbing component at the bottom of the housing, oil-absorbing cotton is used to absorb the oil overflowing from both sides of the lower sample. With the help of the sliding plate on the L-shaped plate, the second spring, and the recycling box on the base, the sliding plate can be pushed by the baffle to squeeze out and recycle the oil absorbed by the oil-absorbing cotton. This avoids the scraped oil dripping onto the worktable, significantly reducing the difficulty of subsequent cleaning work. At the same time, it realizes the recycling and reuse of oil, further improving the practicality and environmental friendliness of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting frame, upper slide, lower slide, and loading mechanism of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism and lower clamp of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly and oiling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the oiling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6This is a second schematic diagram of the oiling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the oil-absorbing assembly and adjusting component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting rope and piston of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the diversion tube of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the oil-absorbing component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recycling box and baffle of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Test bench; 3. Lead screw one; 4. Motor one; 5. Lower clamp; 6. Mounting bracket; 7. Lower slide; 8. Upper slide; 9. Spring one; 10. Nut; 11. Lead screw three; 12. Reducer; 1201. Motor three; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Three-dimensional force sensor; 15. Upper clamp; 16. Support frame; 17. Electric push rod; 18. Guide rail; 19. Slide two; 20. Lead screw two; 21. Motor two; 2 2. Housing; 23. Oil reservoir; 24. Diverter pipe; 2401. Oil inlet; 25. Oil outlet; 26. L-shaped plate; 27. Adjusting seat; 28. Double-ended screw; 29. ​​Knob; 30. Slide plate; 31. Oil absorbent cotton; 32. Guide post; 33. Spring 2; 34. Piston; 35. Spring 3; 36. Adjusting rope; 37. Support plate; 38. Scraper; 39. Distance sensor; 40. Recovery box; 41. Recovery port; 42. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-6In this embodiment of the invention, a biomimetic micro-textured guide rail friction and wear testing device includes a base 1, a mounting frame 6 fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, a lower clamp 5 disposed above the base 1, and a driving mechanism disposed on the base 1 for driving the lower clamp 5 to move horizontally reciprocally. An upper slide 8 and a lower slide 7 are slidably mounted on the inner side of the mounting frame 6, and the upper slide 8 and the lower slide 7 are elastically connected by a spring 9. A loading mechanism for driving the upper slide 8 to rise and fall is provided on the mounting frame 6. A mounting plate 13 is fixedly installed on the upper slide 8, and an upper clamp 15 is disposed on the mounting plate 13. An oiling mechanism for applying lubricating oil is provided above the base 1. The oiling mechanism includes a housing 22 and a lifting mechanism for driving the housing 22 to rise and fall. The components include a diversion pipe 24 located below the housing 22 and multiple oil outlets 25 located below and connected to the diversion pipe 24. The bottom of the housing 22 has a groove, and the oil outlets 25 are located inside the groove, with the bottom wall of the oil outlets 25 higher than the bottom wall of the housing 22. A scraper 38 is provided along the length of one side of the housing 22, and the scraper 38 is fixedly connected to the housing 22 via a supporting horizontal plate 37. The scraper 38 can be detached from the supporting horizontal plate 37 for replacement. Oil-absorbing components are provided on both sides of the bottom of the housing 22 to absorb oil overflowing from both sides of the sample. The upper clamp 15 and lower clamp 5 are existing technologies, and the clamps fix the sample with bolts. In actual use, [the following is a continuation of the previous sentence, but the context is unclear]. The lower sample is fixed by the lower clamp 5, and the upper sample is fixed by the upper clamp 15. Then, the lower clamp 5 is driven horizontally by the drive mechanism, so that the lower sample moves directly below the housing 22. Then, the housing 22 is driven downward by the lifting assembly, so that the scraper 38 approaches the lower sample. Then, lubricating oil is introduced into the distribution pipe 24. The lubricating oil drips onto the surface of the lower sample through multiple oil outlets 25. The lower sample moves while dripping oil from the oil outlets 25, and the scraper 38 scrapes the lubricating oil evenly onto the surface of the lower sample. When scraping the lubricating oil, the position of the oil suction assembly is adjusted so that the oil suction assembly is located on the front and rear sides of the lower sample, so that the oil overflowing from the front and rear sides of the lower sample is absorbed by the two oil suction assemblies. After the lubricating oil is scraped, The drive housing 22 moves upward to prevent the scraper 38 from interfering with the test process. Then, the loading mechanism drives the upper slide 8 to move downward. When the upper slide 8 moves downward, the spring 9 drives the lower slide 7 to move downward, which in turn drives the upper clamp 15 to move downward through the mounting plate 13, so that the upper sample and the lower sample are in contact. The upper slide 8 continues to move downward to compress the spring 9, thereby adjusting the pressure of the upper sample on the lower sample. After the pressure is adjusted, the drive mechanism drives the lower clamp 5 to move back and forth, so that the lower sample moves back and forth relative to the upper sample to perform friction and wear testing. With this device, friction and wear testing can be performed on guide rails with different biomimetic microtextures to test the influence of different microtexture structures on the friction of the guide rail 18.

[0022] In this embodiment, preferably, the driving mechanism includes a test platform 2, a motor 4, a lead screw 3, and a slide (not shown in the figure). The test platform 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. A sliding groove is provided on the test platform 2. The slide is slidably installed in the sliding groove. The lower clamp 5 is installed on the top of the slide. The lead screw 3 is rotatably installed inside the sliding groove. The motor 4 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the test platform 2. The output end of the motor 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw 3. The lead screw 3 passes through the slide and is threadedly connected to the slide. The motor 4 can drive the lead screw 3 to rotate. When the lead screw 3 rotates, it drives the slide to move horizontally, which in turn drives the lower clamp 5 to move horizontally, thereby realizing the horizontal movement of the lower clamp 5 through the driving mechanism.

[0023] In this embodiment, preferably, the loading mechanism includes a reducer 12, a motor 1201, and a lead screw 11. The reducer 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket 6, and the motor 1201 is fixedly installed on the reducer 12. The output end of the motor 1201 is fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer 12, and the output end of the reducer 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw 11. A nut 10 is fixedly installed on the upper slide 8, and the lead screw 11 passes through the nut 10 and is threadedly connected to the nut 10. The reducer 12 is a worm gear reducer 12, and the motor 1201 is a stepper motor. The motor 1201 drives the lead screw 11 to rotate through the worm gear reducer 12, thereby driving the upper slide 8 to descend, thereby compressing the spring 9 to increase the pressure of the upper sample on the lower sample and loading the lower sample. The self-locking characteristic of the worm gear can ensure stable loading during operation, while the loading of the spring 9 can ensure that the loading force is not affected by the change in the distance between the surfaces during the sliding process.

[0024] In this embodiment, preferably, a three-dimensional force sensor 14 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 13, and the upper clamp 15 is installed on the detection end of the three-dimensional force sensor 14. By setting the three-dimensional force sensor 14, the load and friction between the guide rails 18 can be measured in real time, ensuring the reliability of the data. The parameter setting, motion control, real-time monitoring and data display and storage are completed by using a PC with LABVIEW software.

[0025] It should be noted that the position, stroke, and speed of the reciprocating motion of the lower fixture 5 can be freely controlled. All electrical components are electrically connected to the computer terminal, allowing the computer to control the working status of each component. The experimental platform uses dedicated software developed on a PC based on LabVIEW to complete tasks such as parameter setting, motion control, real-time monitoring, and data display and storage. Motion and loading control uses an MPC08 control card to control the motor. A DY220 controller is used to collect sensor stress. The controller communicates with the computer in real time via an RS232 serial port, with a maximum sampling frequency of 6. 0Hz; The main technical parameters of the test platform are as follows: maximum load 5kN, maximum friction force 2kN, loading accuracy ±1N, measurement accuracy ±0.5N, maximum sliding stroke 350mm, sliding speed 0.1-50mm / s, speed relative error ±5%, and the sample size can be changed as needed; The surface morphology of the sample is observed before and after the test using a super depth-of-field microscope and a surface profilometer microscope. Each test is repeated 3 times. In order to accurately evaluate the influence of microtexture on the tribological properties of the guide rail 18 surface, the friction and wear test is divided into three different types: short-time friction test, long-time friction test and low-speed crawling test.

[0026] Please see Figures 4 to 11 In this embodiment of the invention, an oil storage box 23 is embedded in the top of the housing 22, and an oil inlet 2401 is connected to the middle of the top of the diversion pipe 24. The oil inlet 2401 is connected to the oil storage box 23 through a liquid pump (not shown in the figure). The liquid pump can draw the lubricating oil in the oil storage box 23 into the diversion pipe 24, and then drip it onto the lower sample through multiple oil outlets 25.

[0027] In this embodiment, preferably, the oil-absorbing assembly includes an L-shaped plate 26, oil-absorbing cotton 31, and an adjusting component for adjusting the position of the L-shaped plate 26. The L-shaped plate 26 is slidably disposed below the housing 22, and the oil-absorbing cotton 31 is disposed on the inner side of the L-shaped plate 26. The oil-absorbing cotton 31 is made of sponge material. The adjusting component includes a double-ended screw 28 and an adjusting seat 27. The double-ended screw 28 is rotatably mounted on one side of the housing 22. The bottom of the adjusting seat 27 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped plate 26. The double-ended screw 28 passes through two adjusting seats 27 and is threadedly connected to the two adjusting seats 27. A knob 29 is fixedly installed at one end of the double-ended screw 28. The double-ended screw 28 has threads with opposite directions at both ends, and can be rotated by the knob 29. The double-ended screw 28 rotates, causing two L-shaped plates 26 to move synchronously in opposite directions. This, in turn, causes the two L-shaped plates 26 and the oil-absorbing cotton 31 to move synchronously in opposite directions, thereby adjusting the positions of the L-shaped plates 26 and the oil-absorbing cotton 31 to accommodate lower samples of different widths. During testing, the two oil-absorbing cotton 31 are in contact with the front and rear side walls of the lower sample to be tested, so that when the lubricating oil is scraped, the oil overflowing from the front and rear sides of the lower sample can be absorbed by the two oil-absorbing cotton 31 to prevent the oil from dripping. It should be noted that when scraping the lubricating oil onto the surface of the lower sample, a small blank area needs to be reserved on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the lower sample without scraping the lubricating oil, so that the oil will not overflow from the left and right sides of the lower sample when scraping the lubricating oil, and the upper sample will not contact the blank area during the friction test.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, the lifting assembly includes a support frame 16 and an electric push rod 17. The support frame 16 is mounted on the base 1, and the electric push rod 17 is fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the support frame 16. The output end of the electric push rod 17 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the oil storage box 23. The electric push rod 17 can drive the oil storage box 23 to rise and fall, thereby driving the housing 22 to rise and fall together, so as to adjust the distance between the scraper 38 and the upper surface of the lower sample.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, a distance sensor 39 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 22. The distance sensor 39 is used to detect the distance between the scraper 38 and the lower sample, so as to adjust the height of the scraper 38. In addition, when applying lubricating oil, the distance sensor 39 can detect whether the lower sample is located below the distance sensor 39, so as to assist in the oiling work.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, pistons 34 are slidably mounted on both sides of the inner cavity of the diversion tube 24. The pistons 34 are elastically connected to the end wall of the diversion tube 24 via springs 35. An adjusting rope 36 is fixedly connected to the piston 34. The adjusting rope 36 passes through the springs 35 and the end wall of the diversion tube 24 in sequence, and exits from the middle of the side wall of the housing 22 to connect with the adjusting seat 27. The two adjusting ropes 36 cross but do not contact each other in the middle of the inner cavity of the housing 22. When the position of the two oil-absorbing cottons 31 is adjusted by the adjusting component, as the two adjusting seats 27 move closer to each other, the adjusting ropes 36 gradually loosen, causing the pistons 34 to... Under the elastic action of spring 35, the oil moves towards the oil inlet 2401, thereby enabling the two pistons 34 to move synchronously with the two oil-absorbing cotton 31. During oiling, only the oil outlet 25 between the two pistons 34 can drip oil, while the other oil outlets 25 are separated by the pistons 34 and cannot drip oil. This ensures that only the oil outlet 25 between the two oil-absorbing cotton 31 works. When the position of the oil-absorbing cotton 31 is adjusted according to the width of the sample, the oil outlet 25 located outside the two oil-absorbing cotton 31 can be automatically closed. There is no need to adjust the opening and closing of the oil outlet 25 separately, which improves the convenience of use.

[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, a sliding plate 30 is slidably mounted on the side of the L-shaped plate 26 away from the adjusting seat 27. A guide post 32 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the L-shaped plate 26. The guide post 32 passes through the sliding plate 30 and slides with the sliding plate 30. A second spring 33 is sleeved on the guide post 32. One end of the second spring 33 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the L-shaped plate 26, and the other end of the second spring 33 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 30. The oil-absorbing cotton 31 is disposed between the L-shaped plate 26 and the sliding plate 30, and a through hole is opened inside the oil-absorbing cotton 31 for the second spring 33 to pass through. By setting the sliding plate 30, pushing the sliding plate 30 to move can compress the oil-absorbing cotton 31, thereby squeezing out the lubricating oil absorbed by the oil-absorbing cotton 31 for recycling. The setting of the second spring 33 allows the sliding plate 30 to return to its original position when the external force is lost.

[0032] In this embodiment, preferably, two parallel guide rails 18 are fixedly installed on the base 1. A second slide block 19 is slidably installed inside each guide rail 18. The two ends of the bottom of the support frame 16 are fixedly connected to the two slide blocks 19 respectively. One guide rail 18 is equipped with a second motor 21 and a second lead screw 20. The second lead screw 20 is rotatably installed inside the guide rail 18 and is threadedly connected to the second slide block 19. The second motor 21 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rail 18, and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of the second lead screw 20. The second motor 21 can drive the second lead screw 20 to rotate. When the second lead screw 20 rotates, it drives the second slide block 19 to move, thereby driving the support frame 16 to move horizontally, thus adjusting the position of the oiling mechanism.

[0033] In this embodiment, preferably, two recycling boxes 40 are installed on the base 1. The two recycling boxes 40 are respectively adapted to two oil-absorbing components. The installation boxes can be detached from the base 1. A recycling port 41 is provided on the top of the recycling box 40. A baffle 42 is fixedly installed in the recycling port 41. The top of the baffle 42 extends out of the recycling port 41. When the oil-absorbing component moves toward the recycling port 41, the sliding plate 30 contacts the baffle 42, so that the baffle 42 pushes the sliding plate 30 to move and compress the oil-absorbing cotton 31, so as to squeeze out the lubricating oil absorbed in the oil-absorbing cotton 31 and drip it into the recycling box 40.

[0034] This invention also discloses a method for testing the friction and wear of a biomimetic microtextured guide rail, comprising the following steps: S1. The lower sample is fixed by the lower clamp 5 and the upper sample is fixed by the upper clamp 15. Then, the lower clamp 5 is driven to move horizontally by the driving mechanism, so that the lower sample moves to the bottom of the housing 22. S2. Drive the housing 22 downward by the lifting component, so that the scraper 38 approaches the lower sample, and then input lubricating oil into the diversion pipe 24. The lubricating oil drips onto the surface of the lower sample through multiple oil outlets 25. The lower sample drips oil while moving the oil outlets 25, and the scraper 38 scrapes the lubricating oil dripping onto the surface of the lower sample evenly. S3. The upper slide 8 is driven to move downward by the loading mechanism. When the upper slide 8 moves downward, the lower slide 7 is driven to move downward by the spring 9, which in turn drives the upper clamp 15 to move downward by the mounting plate 13, so that the upper sample and the lower sample are in contact. The upper slide 8 is then driven to move downward to compress the spring 9, thereby adjusting the pressure of the upper sample on the lower sample. After the pressure is adjusted, the lower clamp 5 is driven to move back and forth by the driving mechanism, so that the lower sample moves back and forth relative to the upper sample to perform friction and wear testing.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of this patent application are included in the scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A biomimetic micro-textured guide rail friction and wear testing device, comprising a base (1), a mounting frame (6) fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1), a lower clamp (5) disposed above the base (1), and a driving mechanism disposed on the base (1) for driving the lower clamp (5) to move horizontally and reciprocally, wherein an upper slide (8) and a lower slide (7) are slidably mounted on the inner side of the mounting frame (6), characterized in that: The upper slide (8) and the lower slide (7) are elastically connected by a spring (9). The mounting bracket (6) is provided with a loading mechanism for driving the upper slide (8) to rise and fall. The upper slide (8) is fixedly mounted with a mounting plate (13). The mounting plate (13) is provided with an upper clamp (15). The base (1) is provided with an oiling mechanism for applying lubricating oil. The oiling mechanism includes a housing (22), a lifting component for driving the housing (22) to rise and fall, a diversion pipe (24) provided below the housing (22), and multiple oil outlets (25) provided below the diversion pipe (24) and connected to the diversion pipe (24). A scraper (38) is provided on one side of the housing (22) along the length direction. Oil suction components are provided on both sides of the bottom of the housing (22).

2. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil storage box (23) is embedded in the top of the housing (22), and an oil inlet (2401) is connected to the middle of the top of the diversion pipe (24). The oil inlet (2401) is connected to the oil storage box (23) through a liquid pump.

3. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil-absorbing assembly includes an L-shaped plate (26), oil-absorbing cotton (31), and an adjustment component for adjusting the position of the L-shaped plate (26). The L-shaped plate (26) is slidably disposed below the housing (22), and the oil-absorbing cotton (31) is disposed on the inner side of the L-shaped plate (26). The adjustment component includes a double-ended screw (28) and an adjustment seat (27). The double-ended screw (28) is rotatably mounted on one side of the housing (22), and the bottom of the adjustment seat (27) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped plate (26). The double-ended screw (28) passes through two adjustment seats (27), and the double-ended screw (28) is threadedly connected to the two adjustment seats (27).

4. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting assembly includes a support frame (16) and an electric push rod (17). The support frame (16) is mounted on the base (1), and the electric push rod (17) is fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the support frame (16). The output end of the electric push rod (17) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the oil storage box (23).

5. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Pistons (34) are slidably installed on both sides of the inner cavity of the diversion tube (24). The pistons (34) are elastically connected to the end wall of the diversion tube (24) through spring three (35). An adjusting rope (36) is fixedly connected to the piston (34). The adjusting rope (36) passes through spring three (35) and the end wall of the diversion tube (24) in sequence, and passes out from the middle of the side wall of the housing (22) to connect with the adjusting seat (27).

6. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding plate (30) is slidably installed on the side of the L-shaped plate (26) away from the adjusting seat (27). A guide post (32) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the L-shaped plate (26). The guide post (32) passes through the sliding plate (30) and slides with the sliding plate (30). A second spring (33) is sleeved on the guide post (32). One end of the second spring (33) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the L-shaped plate (26), and the other end of the second spring (33) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (30). The oil-absorbing cotton (31) is placed between the L-shaped plate (26) and the sliding plate (30), and the oil-absorbing cotton (31) has a through hole for the second spring (33) to pass through.

7. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a test bench (2), a motor (4), a lead screw (3), and a slide block. The test bench (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the base (1). A slide groove is provided on the test bench (2). The slide block is slidably installed in the slide groove. The lower clamp (5) is installed on the top of the slide block. The lead screw (3) is rotatably installed inside the slide groove. The motor (4) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the test bench (2). The output end of the motor (4) is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw (3). The lead screw (3) passes through the slide block and is threadedly connected to the slide block.

8. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two parallel guide rails (18) are fixedly installed on the base (1). Slide blocks (19) are slidably installed inside each guide rail (18). The two ends of the bottom of the support frame (16) are fixedly connected to the two slide blocks (19) respectively. A motor (21) and a lead screw (20) are provided on one of the guide rails (18). The lead screw (20) is rotatably installed inside the guide rail (18) and threadedly connected to the slide block (19). The motor (21) is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rail (18) and the output end of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw (20). The base (1) is equipped with two recycling boxes (40), which are adapted to two oil-absorbing components respectively. The top of the recycling box (40) is provided with a recycling port (41). A baffle (42) is fixedly installed in the recycling port (41). The top of the baffle (42) extends out of the recycling port (41). When the oil-absorbing component moves toward the recycling port (41), the sliding plate (30) contacts the baffle (42), so that the baffle (42) pushes the sliding plate (30) to move and compress the oil-absorbing cotton (31) to squeeze out the lubricating oil absorbed in the oil-absorbing cotton (31) and drip it into the recycling box (40).

9. The biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading mechanism includes a reducer (12), a motor (1201), and a lead screw (11). The reducer (12) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket (6). The motor (1201) is fixedly installed on the reducer (12). The output end of the motor (1201) is fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer (12). The output end of the reducer (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw (11). A nut (10) is fixedly installed on the upper slide (8). The lead screw (11) passes through the nut (10) and is threadedly connected to the nut (10). A three-dimensional force sensor (14) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate (13). The upper clamp (15) is installed on the detection end of the three-dimensional force sensor (14).

10. A method for testing the friction and wear of a biomimetic microtextured guide rail, using the biomimetic microtextured guide rail friction and wear testing device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The lower sample is fixed by the lower clamp (5), the upper sample is fixed by the upper clamp (15), and then the lower clamp (5) is driven to move horizontally by the driving mechanism so that the lower sample moves to the bottom of the housing (22). S2. Drive the housing (22) downward by lifting assembly so that scraper (38) approaches the lower sample and then input lubricating oil into the diversion pipe (24). The lubricating oil drips onto the surface of the lower sample through multiple oil outlets (25). The lower sample drips oil while moving the oil outlets (25) and scrapes the lubricating oil dripping onto the surface of the lower sample evenly through scraper (38). S3. Drive the upper slide (8) downward through the loading mechanism. When the upper slide (8) moves downward, the lower slide (7) moves downward through the spring (9), thereby driving the upper clamp (15) downward through the mounting plate (13) so that the upper sample and the lower sample are in contact. Then continue to drive the upper slide (8) downward to compress the spring (9), thereby adjusting the pressure of the upper sample on the lower sample. After the pressure adjustment is completed, drive the lower clamp (5) to move back and forth through the driving mechanism so that the lower sample moves back and forth relative to the upper sample to perform friction and wear test.

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