Screen mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactor and measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wire mesh sensor suitable for a liquid metal reactor and a measurement method, and relates to the field of two-phase flow measurement. The invention relates to a liquid metal flow sensor, in particular to a liquid metal flow sensor, which solves the problems that a short-circuit phenomenon can occur when two-phase flow in liquid metal is measured in the existing conductive wire mesh sensor measurement technology, a measurement result is seriously interfered and the like, and comprises an emitting electrode and a receiving electrode, and the wire mesh sensor is mounted perpendicular to the flow direction. The emitting electrodes and the receiving electrodes are perpendicular but not intersected and arranged in the liquid metal flow channel, each emitting electrode and each receiving electrode are composed of a plurality of electrode wire sub-circuits in parallel, and a direct-current power source is adopted as an excitation signal. And each electrode wire sub-circuit is insulated except the measuring point position, and only the measuring point position has a conductive property. Meanwhile, in order to improve the signal response sensitivity and the measurement precision as much as possible, the conductive positions of the emitting electrode and the receiving electrode are located at the same axial position in the installation process. According to the invention, high-resolution measurement of two-phase flow phase state distribution in a liquid metal flowing environment can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of two-phase flow measurement technology, specifically to a wire mesh sensor and measurement method suitable for liquid metal reactors. Background Technology

[0002] Two-phase flow is widely found in various industrial equipment such as nuclear reactors, chemical reactors, and heat exchangers. During two-phase flow, mass, momentum, and energy are transferred between the two phases through the phase interface, significantly affecting the system's performance and safety stability. Liquid metal reactors, with their advantages of high power density and high safety, are one of the core reactor types of fourth-generation nuclear energy systems. In the event of accidents such as steam generator pipe rupture, steam can be injected into the liquid metal loop, forming a liquid metal-steam two-phase flow, affecting reactor performance and even threatening reactor safety.

[0003] Due to the high conductivity of liquid metal, traditional conductivity-based wire mesh sensor measurement technology will experience short circuits when measuring the two-phase flow behavior in liquid metal, which will seriously interfere with the measurement results.

[0004] Two-phase flow behavior in liquid metal is typically measured using conductivity probes. However, due to the large size of the probes, they significantly interfere with the flow field. Furthermore, considering the harsh operating environment of liquid metal reactors, such as high temperatures and corrosion, it is difficult to array a large number of conductivity probes, thus limiting the measurement of phase distribution with high spatiotemporal resolution in liquid metal-steam two-phase flows. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve the problem that existing conductivity-type wire mesh sensors experience short circuits when measuring the flow behavior of two phases in liquid metal, severely interfering with the measurement results. To address this, this invention proposes a wire mesh sensor and measurement method suitable for liquid metal reactors.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: Option 1: This invention proposes a wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors. The wire mesh sensor includes an emitter and a receiver. The wire mesh sensor is installed perpendicular to the flow direction. The emitter and receiver are arranged perpendicularly but not intersecting in the liquid metal flow channel. Each emitter and receiver is composed of several parallel electrode wires. A DC power supply is used as the excitation signal.

[0007] Furthermore, the electrode wires in each emitter and receiver are arranged in either a parallel or spiral winding configuration, and the electrode wires are made of a conductive material with a conductivity of not less than 10.0 × 10⁻⁶. 6 S / m.

[0008] Furthermore, except for the measuring point locations, the surface of the electrode wire circuit is insulated with high-temperature and corrosion-resistant insulating varnish.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the conductive region at the measurement point of the electrode wire circuit does not exceed the vertical distance between two adjacent emitters or receivers.

[0010] Furthermore, each electrode wire sub-circuit is equipped with an independent signal transmission or reception channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the conductive regions at the measuring points of the emitter and receiver are located on the same axial axis.

[0012] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the sampling frequency of the wire mesh sensor is not less than 1000Hz.

[0013] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the electrode wire circuit does not exceed 1 mm.

[0014] Option 2: A measurement method for a wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors, wherein the measurement method is based on the wire mesh sensor described in any one of Options 1, and the measurement method includes: firstly, sequentially exciting the electrode wire circuit in one emitter, and simultaneously sequentially receiving electrical signals from the corresponding electrode wire circuit in the receiver; after completing the signal transmission and reception of one emitter and its corresponding receiver, repeating the above operation for the next emitter and its corresponding receiver; when the signal transmission of all emitters and the signal reception of all corresponding receivers are completed, the measurement of one frame of signal of the flow cross section is completed.

[0015] The advantages of this invention are: This invention discloses a wire mesh sensor suitable for use in the operating environment of a liquid metal reactor core. Within the liquid metal flow channel, emitters and receivers are installed perpendicularly to the flow direction but not intersecting. Each emitter / receiver consists of several parallel electrode wires. To prevent interference from short-circuit effects caused by the high conductivity of liquid metal, each electrode wire is insulated except at the measurement point, where conductivity is only present at the measurement point. Furthermore, to maximize signal response sensitivity and measurement accuracy, the conductive positions of the emitter and receiver are aligned along the same axial direction during installation. This invention enables high-resolution measurement of the two-phase flow phase distribution in a liquid metal flow environment.

[0016] This invention is also applicable to the measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow phase distribution in various high-conductivity liquid fluid environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single emitter and receiver of the 5×5 wire mesh sensor in Implementation Method 10.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the installation of the 5×5 wire mesh sensor in Implementation Method 10.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view sectional view of the installation of the 5×5 wire mesh sensor in Implementation Method 10.

[0020] Among them, the first emitter 1, the second emitter 2, the third emitter 3, the fourth emitter 4, the fifth emitter 5, the first receiver 6, the second receiver 7, the third receiver 8, the fourth receiver 9, and the fifth receiver 10. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this application, but not all embodiments.

[0022] Implementation Method 1: This implementation method proposes a wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors. The wire mesh sensor includes an emitter and a receiver. The wire mesh sensor is installed perpendicular to the flow direction. The emitter and receiver are arranged perpendicularly but not intersecting in the liquid metal flow channel. Each emitter and receiver is composed of several electrode wires arranged in parallel. A DC power supply is used as the excitation signal.

[0023] Implementation Method 2: This implementation method further defines the wire mesh sensor applicable to liquid metal reactors described in Implementation Method 1. The arrangement of the electrode wires in each emitter and receiver includes parallel arrangement or spiral winding arrangement.

[0024] Implementation Method 3: This implementation method further defines the wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors described in Implementation Method 2. The electrode wires are made of a conductive material with a conductivity of not less than 10.0 × 10⁻⁶. 6 S / m, except at the measuring point, the surface of the electrode wire circuit is insulated with high-temperature and corrosion-resistant insulating varnish.

[0025] Implementation Method 4: This implementation method further defines the wire mesh sensor applicable to liquid metal reactors described in Implementation Method 3. The length of the conductive area at the measuring point of the electrode wire sub-circuit does not exceed the vertical distance between two adjacent emitters or receivers.

[0026] Implementation Method 5: This implementation method further defines the wire mesh sensor for liquid metal reactors described in Implementation Method 3, wherein each electrode wire is equipped with an independent signal transmission or reception channel.

[0027] Implementation Method Six: This implementation method further defines the wire mesh sensor applicable to liquid metal reactors described in Implementation Method Three, wherein the centers of the conductive regions at the measuring points of the emitter and receiver are located on the same axial axis.

[0028] Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method further defines the wire mesh sensor applicable to liquid metal reactors as described in Implementation Method One, wherein the sampling frequency of the wire mesh sensor is not less than 1000Hz.

[0029] Implementation Method 8: This implementation method further defines the wire mesh sensor for liquid metal reactors described in Implementation Method 3, wherein the diameter of the electrode wire sub-circuit does not exceed 1 mm.

[0030] Implementation Method Nine: A measurement method for a wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors, the measurement method being implemented based on the wire mesh sensor described in any one of Implementation Methods One to Eight, the measurement method comprising: firstly, sequentially exciting the electrode wire circuit in an emitter, while simultaneously sequentially receiving electrical signals from the corresponding electrode wire circuit in a receiver; after completing the signal transmission and reception of one emitter and its corresponding receiver, repeating the above operation for the next emitter and its corresponding receiver; when the signal transmission of all emitters and the signal reception of all corresponding receivers are completed, the measurement of one frame of signal of the flow cross section is completed.

[0031] Implementation Method 10, see below Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment is a further explanation of embodiments one through nine described above, and specifically includes: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single transmitter / receiver electrode of a 5×5 wire mesh sensor, comprising five electrode wire sub-circuits. Each electrode wire is made of stainless steel, and the remaining portion of the electrode wire, except at the measuring point, is insulated. The length d along the electrode wire at the measuring point is less than the distance W between two adjacent measuring points in the transmitter and receiver electrodes. In this embodiment, the electrode wires are arranged in parallel to form a single transmitter and receiver electrode. Alternatively, they can be combined using methods such as spiral winding to form a single transmitter / receiver electrode.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the installation of a 5×5 wire mesh sensor. Perpendicular to the flow direction, the emitter and receiver are arranged perpendicularly but not intersecting in the flow channel section, as shown in the side-view cross-section. Figure 3As shown. Each intersection of the emitter and receiver is a valid measurement point. One end of the emitter and receiver is connected to a rigid terminal, and the other end is rigidly connected to a rigid signal terminal. This wire mesh sensor uses DC voltage as the excitation signal. During operation, the logic circuit first excites the first emitter 1, sequentially exciting each electrode wire in the first emitter 1. Simultaneously, the corresponding electrode wire in the receiver receives the signal. At this time, the electrical signal in the emitter passes through the emitter and the liquid metal-gas two-phase flow and is received by the receiver. When the gas content in the liquid metal-gas two-phase flow in the neighborhood around the measurement point is different, the corresponding working fluid conductivity is also different, resulting in different electrical signal intensities received by the receiver. Based on this principle, the measurement of the local phase distribution in the neighborhood around the measurement point can be realized. After the signal excitation of each electrode wire in the first emitter 1 is completed, and the corresponding electrode wire in the receiver completes the signal reception, the above operation is repeated for the second emitter 2. When the signal excitation of all emitters and the signal reception of the corresponding receivers are completed, the measurement of one frame of signal of the flow channel cross-section is completed. The sampling frequency of the wire mesh sensor described in this invention is not less than 1000Hz.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this disclosure can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this disclosure. This is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if these modifications and modifications of the invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors, characterized in that, The wire mesh sensor includes an emitter and a receiver. The wire mesh sensor is installed perpendicular to the flow direction. The emitter and receiver are arranged perpendicularly but not intersecting in the liquid metal flow channel. Each emitter and receiver is composed of several electrode wires arranged in parallel. A DC power supply is used as the excitation signal.

2. The wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode wires in each emitter and receiver are arranged in either a parallel or spiral winding configuration. The electrode wires are made of a conductive material with a conductivity of not less than 10.0 × 10⁻⁶. 6 S / m.

3. The wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors according to claim 2, characterized in that, Except for the measuring points, the surface of the electrode wire circuit is insulated with high-temperature and corrosion-resistant insulating varnish.

4. The wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the conductive region at the measuring point of the electrode wire circuit does not exceed the vertical distance between two adjacent emitters or receivers.

5. The wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each electrode wire is equipped with an independent signal transmission or reception channel.

6. The wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors according to claim 3, characterized in that, The centers of the conductive regions at the measuring points of the emitter and receiver are located on the same axial axis.

7. The wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling frequency of the wire mesh sensor is not less than 1000Hz.

8. The wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the electrode wire circuit does not exceed 1 mm.

9. A measurement method for a wire mesh sensor suitable for liquid metal reactors, characterized in that, The measurement method is implemented based on the wire mesh sensor according to any one of claims 1-8. The measurement method includes: firstly, sequentially exciting the electrode wire circuit in one emitter, and simultaneously sequentially receiving electrical signals from the corresponding electrode wire circuit in the receiver; after completing the signal transmission and reception of one emitter and its corresponding receiver, repeating the above operation for the next emitter and its corresponding receiver; when the signal transmission of all emitters and the signal reception of all corresponding receivers are completed, the measurement of one frame of signal of the flow cross section is completed.

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