Optical field quantum state control method and device based on solid high harmonic generation condition

Abstract

The application provides a kind of solid high harmonic generation condition-based optical field quantum state regulation method and device, it is related to quantum optics technical field, method includes: when utilizing driving laser and solid target material interact to generate solid high harmonic, according to control variable strategy control driving laser wavelength and the harmonic order of solid high harmonic, obtain different quantum state high harmonic;Different quantum state high harmonic is quantized conversion processing, obtains multiple wigner function for representing optical field quantum state description;Function feature analysis is carried out to wigner function, and the optical field quantum state regulation result including optical cat state and coherent state is obtained.The application is used to solve the technical problem that solid high harmonic generation condition is difficult to directional regulation optical field quantum state in prior art.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of quantum optics, and in particular to a light field quantum state regulation method and device based on solid high harmonic generation conditions. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of quantum optics, light field quantum states include optical cat states and coherent states. The optical cat state, as an important non-classical quantum state, has both quantum superposition characteristics and certain noise resistance, and has irreplaceable application value in key technical fields such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum precision measurement. For example, in a quantum key distribution system, the optical cat state can effectively reduce the interference of channel noise on the quantum signal, and improve the security and transmission distance of key distribution; in quantum computing, quantum bits based on optical cat states can reduce decoherence effects and improve the stability and efficiency of quantum computing.

[0003] Currently, the preparation and regulation methods of optical cat states mainly focus on traditional technical paths based on atomic systems, optical resonant cavity systems, and nonlinear optical crystals, but all have some defects that cannot meet the needs. With the rapid development of solid high harmonic generation technology, it provides a new technical idea for the preparation and regulation of optical cat states due to its advantages of ultra-high photon energy, extremely short pulse width, and the ability to work at room temperature and in atmospheric environment. Solid high harmonic generation (HHG) is a phenomenon that through the interaction of a strong laser field and a solid target, the electrons in the solid target undergo strong field ionization, acceleration, and recombination processes, thereby radiating high harmonic photons. It can achieve coherent radiation output from ultraviolet to soft X-ray band. Currently, research on solid high harmonic generation mainly focuses on improving harmonic generation efficiency, expanding harmonic spectrum, and optimizing pulse characteristics, such as improving harmonic yield by optimizing the material composition of the solid target (such as doped semiconductors, two-dimensional materials, etc.), adjusting the intensity and polarization state of the laser field, etc.

[0004] However, the existing technology lacks a systematic analysis of the quantum state evolution law in the process of solid high harmonic generation based on quantum optics theory. Mainly reflected in the inability to realize directional regulation of light field quantum state parameters by regulating the generation conditions of solid high harmonic, lack of effective processing method for the quantumization conversion process of solid high harmonic, and difficulty in accurately obtaining various quantum state information such as optical cat states and coherent states.

[0005] In summary, the existing technology method cannot realize directional regulation of multiple quantum state parameters, and cannot meet the needs of different quantum technology application scenarios for the coordinated optimization of multiple quantum state parameters. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a light field quantum state regulation method and device based on a solid high-order harmonic generation condition to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to directionally regulate a light field quantum state by using the generation condition of a solid high-order harmonic.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a light field quantum state regulation method based on a solid high-order harmonic generation condition, comprising:

[0008] When a solid high-order harmonic is generated by interaction between a driving laser and a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic are controlled according to a control variable strategy, and different quantum states of high-order harmonics are obtained.

[0009] The different quantum states of high-order harmonics are subjected to quantum conversion processing, and a plurality of Wigner functions used to characterize light field quantum state descriptions are obtained.

[0010] The Wigner functions are subjected to function feature analysis, and a plurality of different light field quantum state regulation results are obtained, wherein the light field quantum state regulation results include cat states and coherent states.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the control variable strategy comprises:

[0012] Under the condition that the laser wavelength of the driving laser is fixed, a plurality of different harmonic orders of the solid high-order harmonic are selected.

[0013] Or, under the condition that the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic is fixed, a plurality of different laser wavelengths of the driving laser are selected.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the process of obtaining the different quantum states of high-order harmonics comprises:

[0015] According to the control variable strategy, the configuration combination of the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic is determined.

[0016] Under each configuration combination, the driving laser and the solid target are used to interact to generate a corresponding driving electric field, and the light signal of the high-order harmonic radiated by the driving electric field is collected.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the process of obtaining the different quantum states of high-order harmonics comprises:

[0018] For each quantum state of high-order harmonic, the laser-induced current of the driving laser when the high-order harmonic is generated is determined.

[0019] Fourier transform processing is performed on the laser-induced current to obtain total current in the frequency domain;

[0020] The total current in the frequency domain is converted into coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser according to a preset quantization conversion coefficient.

[0021] According to the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, a Wigner function used to represent a quantum state description of the optical field is calculated.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the function feature analysis of the Wigner function obtains a plurality of different optical field quantum state regulation results, including:

[0023] When the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, the function features of the Wigner function at different harmonic orders are determined, the quantum state type is identified according to the function features, and optical field quantum state regulation results at different harmonic orders are obtained.

[0024] When the control variable strategy is to fix the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic, the function features of the Wigner function at different laser wavelengths are determined, the quantum state type is identified according to the function features, and optical field quantum state regulation results at different laser wavelengths are obtained.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the identification of the quantum state type according to the function features to obtain the optical field quantum state regulation results at different harmonic orders includes:

[0026] At each harmonic order, the function features are divided according to a preset first feature interval to obtain corresponding optical field quantum state regulation results.

[0027] The identification of the quantum state type according to the function features to obtain the optical field quantum state regulation results at different laser wavelengths includes:

[0028] At each laser wavelength, the function features are divided according to a preset second feature interval to obtain corresponding optical field quantum state regulation results.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the function features include a region area ratio of the Wigner function taking a negative value.

[0030] The application further provides an optical field quantum state regulation device based on a solid high-order harmonic generation condition, including:

[0031] The harmonic acquisition module is configured for, when a solid high-order harmonic is generated by interaction between a driving laser and a solid target, controlling a laser wavelength of the driving laser and a harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic according to a control variable strategy, and obtaining high-order harmonics of different quantum states.

[0032] The quantum conversion module is configured for performing quantum conversion processing on the high-order harmonics of different quantum states, and obtaining a plurality of Wigner functions for representing quantum state descriptions of optical fields.

[0033] The regulation analysis module is configured for performing function feature analysis on the Wigner functions, and obtaining a plurality of different optical field quantum state regulation results.

[0034] The application further provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is configured to store a program; and the processor is coupled to the memory and configured to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the optical field quantum state regulation method based on solid high-order harmonic generation conditions according to any one of the above.

[0035] The application further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the optical field quantum state regulation method based on solid high-order harmonic generation conditions according to any one of the above.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the above implementation manner are that: the optical field quantum state regulation method and device based on solid high-order harmonic generation conditions provided by the application control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic through a control variable strategy, create a plurality of different solid high-order harmonic generation conditions, and on this basis, analyze the Wigner functions obtained by quantum conversion processing of the solid high-order harmonic, can directly and quantitatively obtain the optical field quantum state regulation results under different regulation conditions, and realize accurate hierarchical regulation of non-classical light states, and the control variable strategy significantly improves the regulation flexibility, and meets the needs of different quantum technology application scenarios for optical field quantum state multi-parameter collaborative optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0038] Figure 1 The flowchart of the optical field quantum state regulation method based on solid high-order harmonic generation conditions provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the driving electric field generated under a fixed laser wavelength provided by the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the optical field quantum state regulation result under different harmonic orders provided by the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the driving electric field generated under different laser wavelengths provided by the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the optical field quantum state regulation result under different laser wavelengths provided by the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the optical field quantum state regulation device based on the solid high harmonic generation condition provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment structure of an electronic device provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0047] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, device, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or modules does not have to be limited to those steps or modules clearly listed, but can include other steps or modules not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0048] The naming or numbering of the steps appearing in the embodiments of the present application does not mean that the steps in the method process must be performed in the time / logical order indicated by the naming or numbering. The named or numbered process steps can change the execution order according to the technical purpose to be achieved, as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved.

[0049] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] The optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions of this invention can be applied to control systems or devices for preparing optical cat states and coherent states. The executing entity can be a server, terminal, or cloud device. In specific implementation, MATLAB software is used to simulate the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target. When solid-state high-harmonics are generated, high-harmonics of different quantum states are collected and acquired. Then, the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions of this invention is used to manipulate the optical field quantum state, ultimately obtaining multiple different optical field quantum state manipulation results, specifically including optical cat state and coherent state manipulation results.

[0051] The following describes the method for controlling the quantum state of the optical field based on the generation conditions of high-order harmonics in solids provided by this invention. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on the solid-state high harmonic generation condition is implemented by steps 101 to 103, which are explained in detail below.

[0052] Step 101: When generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting with a driving laser and a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics are controlled according to the control variable strategy to obtain higher harmonics of different quantum states.

[0053] Here, the laser wavelength must first be determined. Harmonic order The quantitative correlation between the quantum properties of the optical cat state and the generation of solid-state higher harmonics through the interaction of a strong laser field with a solid target material, and the laser wavelength The photon energy that drives the electric field is determined, which in turn affects the ionization energy and acceleration trajectory of electrons in the solid target, and the harmonic order. The energy corresponding to higher harmonic photons ( The fundamental frequency doubling photon energy is directly related to the quantum energy level distribution of the optical cat state. And by changing the laser wavelength... or harmonic order This allows for the manipulation of the quantum properties of the generated solid-state higher harmonics.

[0054] The strong laser field can be realized by using a driving electric field generated by a driving laser. The driving laser can be an infrared laser in a mid-infrared wave band. The solid target material is selected from solid target materials with high nonlinear coefficients and good optical uniformity, such as zinc oxide single crystals and graphene-based composite materials. The zinc oxide is taken as an example for description. The zinc oxide can ensure efficient interaction between the driving electric field and the target material, and stably generate solid high-order harmonics. The interaction between the driving laser and the solid target material can be simulated by calling MATLAB software. The lattice parameters, spatial grid and laser parameters (i.e., laser wavelength , laser intensity) are defined by the MATLAB software. The laser wavelength of the driving laser is set, for example, to 3200 nm, 3400 nm, 3600 nm, etc. The laser intensity can be set to . The zinc oxide is set as the solid target material. In addition, the harmonic order q of the generated solid high-order harmonic is set, for example, to the 3rd order, the 11th order, the 13th order, the 23rd order, etc. After the parameters are set, the MATLAB software function is operated to simulate the interaction between the driving laser and the zinc oxide, and the optical signal data of the high-order harmonic of different quantum states are collected.

[0055] When the solid high-order harmonic is generated by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target material, the embodiment of the present application proposes a control variable strategy to control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic, and then obtain high-order harmonics of different quantum states through interaction. Unless otherwise specified, the high-order harmonics referred to in the following are solid high-order harmonics. By controlling the variable to change the laser wavelength or the harmonic order , the quantum characteristics of the generated solid high-order harmonic can be adjusted, and then the high-order harmonic photons form optical cat states and coherent states with specific superposition states.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the control variable strategy specifically includes: selecting multiple different harmonic orders of the solid high-order harmonic under the condition that the laser wavelength of the driving laser is fixed; or selecting multiple different laser wavelengths of the driving laser under the condition that the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic is fixed.

[0057] The control variable strategy specifically adopts a commonly used control variable method in mathematics, that is, fixing one variable and studying the influence of the change of other variables on the final result. Here, the control variable strategy realizes a two-dimensional regulation path. The first regulation path is to adjust the harmonic order q under the condition that the laser wavelength of the driving laser is fixed , so as to realize the regulation of the optical field quantum state of the same laser wavelength and different harmonic orders. For example, the laser wavelength For 3400nm, select the 3rd order, the 13th order, the 23rd order and other different harmonic orders (i.e. q is 3, 13, 23) to control. The second optional control path is to fix the harmonic order q of the solid high-order harmonic, and adjust the laser wavelength , so as to realize the control of the light cat state of the same order and different wavelengths. For example, the harmonic order q is fixed to the 11th order, and 3200nm, 3400nm, 3600nm and other different laser wavelengths (i.e. , the value is 3200, 3400, 3600) are selected for control.

[0058] In the embodiment of the application, the laser wavelength and the harmonic order are independently adjusted by the control variable strategy, the light cat state is flexibly controlled in the wavelength and order dimensions, the coverage range is much wider than the traditional method based on crystal or atomic system, and the diversified demand of the light field quantum state parameters in quantum communication, quantum calculation and other different scenes can be met.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the process of obtaining high-order harmonics of different quantum states comprises: determining the configuration combination of the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic according to the control variable strategy; under each configuration combination, interacting the driving laser with the solid target to generate a corresponding driving electric field, and collecting the light signal of the high-order harmonic radiated by the driving electric field.

[0060] Here, according to the parameter control of the control variable strategy, a plurality of different configuration combinations of the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic can be determined. Under each configuration combination, the laser wavelength of the driving laser is set to interact with the solid target (i.e. zinc oxide). In this process, a corresponding driving electric field is generated, so that the light signal of the high-order harmonic is radiated by the driving electric field, and the high-order harmonic of different harmonic orders can be obtained by collecting the light signal. Specifically, the strong field ionization effect generated by the driving laser causes the valence band electrons in the solid target to be ionized to the continuous state, and after accelerating in the laser field, part of the electrons recombine to the valence band ground state, while radiating the high-order harmonic with an integer multiple relationship with the frequency of the driving electric field.

[0061] Therefore, under each configuration combination of the control variable, the light signals of the high-order harmonics of a plurality of different quantum states can be collected for subsequent analysis and verification of the light cat state.

[0062] In the embodiment of the application, a multi-parameter cooperative control mechanism is proposed, the configuration combination of the control parameters is realized by the control variable, the laser wavelength and the harmonic order are independently set under each configuration combination, the directional control of the quantum characteristics of the light cat state is realized, and the limitation of single control dimension of the traditional method is broken through.

[0063] Step 102, quantumize and convert the high-order harmonics of different quantum states to obtain a plurality of Wigner functions for representing the quantum state description of the optical field.

[0064] Here, the complete conversion system from the high-order harmonic signal to the quantum state description is realized by the quantumization conversion processing. The Wigner function belongs to the quantum state representation tool, which can intuitively and accurately verify the non-classical characteristics of the optical cat state and the coherent state.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the high-order harmonics of different quantum states are quantumized and converted to obtain a plurality of Wigner functions for representing the quantum state description of the optical field, which can be realized in the following manner, which will be described in detail below.

[0066] First, for the high-order harmonics of each quantum state, the laser-induced current of the driving laser when generating the high-order harmonics is determined. Here, the laser-induced current is used to determine the harmonic amplitude of the high-order harmonics, thereby determining the total current in the corresponding frequency domain. Because the generation of solid high-order harmonics is derived from two different contributions: intraband current and interband current. The intraband current is derived from the Bloch oscillation of electrons in a single band under laser driving, while the interband current involves electron transitions between the valence band and the conduction band.

[0067] In the field, the separation of intraband current and interband current has been realized by analyzing the interaction of infrared laser and solid target in the prior art, and finally the total laser-induced current is calculated. The specific principle is to determine the Hamiltonian without external field when interacting, and to construct the eigen equation. Then the eigenvalue and eigenvector are obtained by solving the eigen equation to determine the eigen energy and eigen state, and then the eigen state wave function is used to distinguish the highest valence band and the lowest conduction band of the electron, and then the eigen state wave function is evolved by using the distribution Fourier method, which can separate the intraband current and the interband current. Finally, the sum of the two currents, i.e. the total laser-induced current in the time domain, is obtained, which is denoted as J(t), t represents time.

[0068] Further, the laser-induced current is Fourier transformed to obtain the total current in the frequency domain, and the total current in the frequency domain is converted into the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser according to the preset quantumization conversion coefficient.

[0069] Here, the conversion process from the laser-induced current to the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser can be represented by the following formula:

[0070] (1)

[0071] wherein, is the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, and is a coefficient factor, N represents the number of atoms, q is the harmonic order, is a quantized conversion coefficient, is a reduced Planck constant, is a frequency of a driving electric field, is a vacuum permittivity, is a quantized volume, is a total current in a frequency domain obtained by Fourier transform of the laser-induced current J(t), and fft is a processing function of Fourier transform.

[0072] By Fourier transform of the laser-induced current and quantization conversion, a light cat state core constituting unit, i.e., a coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser , is obtained, and a physical characteristic (amplitude, phase) thereof directly determines a quantum behavior of the light cat state. In order to intuitively represent a phase space distribution and non-classical characteristic of the quantum state, a Wigner function commonly used in quantum optics is introduced to perform analysis.

[0073] Finally, a Wigner function used to represent a quantum state description of the light field is calculated according to the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser.

[0074] Here, a phase space complex number is represented as is a real part quantity, Y is an imaginary part quantity, and the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser is calculated to obtain a Wigner function used to represent a quantum state description of the light field , which can be represented as:

[0075] (2)

[0076] wherein, is a normalization factor of the Wigner function, corresponds to the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, is a complex conjugate of , and is the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, which reflects a loss of a fundamental mode due to high harmonic generation, wherein , indicates a harmonic order corresponding to a harmonic spectrum cutoff region, and are de-coherence factors, , is a secondary harmonic order, is a coherent state amplitude displacement corresponding to the secondary harmonic order.

[0077] ​​And by quantumizing and converting each of the high-order harmonics of different quantum states, a plurality of Wigner functions for representing the quantum state description of the optical field can be obtained, so as to analyze the quantum state regulation result of the optical field one by one.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the high-order harmonic is quantumized and converted into a Wigner function for representing the quantum state description of the optical field, the Wigner function can quantitatively represent the quantum superposition degree and non-classicality of the quantum state of the optical field, and the problem that the regulation result is difficult to be quantitatively verified in the traditional method is solved, and reliable performance evaluation basis is provided for the application of various types of optical field quantum states.

[0079] In step 103, the function characteristics of the Wigner function are analyzed to obtain a plurality of different optical field quantum state regulation results.

[0080] In step 102, the corresponding high-order harmonic can be converted into a Wigner function for representing the quantum state description of the optical field under each configuration combination determined by the control variable strategy. Further, the function characteristics of the Wigner function are analyzed, and different types of optical field quantum state regulation results can be determined. The function characteristics can be the characteristics of the function values, such as negative function values, function peaks, and distribution patterns of function values. In the specific implementation, since the control variable strategy realizes two-dimensional regulation, the function characteristics need to be analyzed accordingly, so as to obtain the quantum state regulation results of different wavelengths or different orders, and the optical field quantum state regulation results include optical cat states and coherent states, that is, the regulation results of regulating the quantum state into optical cat states and coherent states, wherein the optical cat states can be further divided into small cat states and standard cat states.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the function characteristics of the Wigner function are analyzed to obtain a plurality of different optical field quantum state regulation results, which can be realized by the following specific description.

[0082] When the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different harmonic orders are determined, the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics, and the optical field quantum state regulation results under a plurality of different harmonic orders are obtained.

[0083] Here, when the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, it means that the configuration combination during regulation is to set a plurality of harmonic orders of the high-order harmonic under the condition of fixing the laser wavelength of the driving laser. That is, a fixed driving electric field is generated by a fixed laser wavelength, so that the driving laser interacts with the solid target material to generate a plurality of harmonic orders of the solid high-order harmonic, and then the Wigner function is obtained by corresponding quantumization and conversion processing.

[0084] After determining the function characteristics of the Wigner function at different harmonic orders, the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics, and the optical field quantum state regulation results at different harmonic orders are obtained.

[0085] In a possible implementation, the function characteristic can be a region area ratio of the Wigner function taking a negative value, that is, a ratio of a region area of the Wigner function taking a negative value to a region area of the Wigner function taking a value. Here, the characteristic threshold value can be set according to the region area ratio, and the characteristic interval is divided to distinguish different quantum state regulation results. The region area ratio of the negative value can well measure the function characteristics of the Wigner function, clearly describe the quantum characteristics, and best reflect the difference between quantum states.

[0086] Specifically, at each harmonic order, the function characteristic is divided according to a preset first characteristic interval, and a corresponding optical field quantum state regulation result is obtained.

[0087] Suppose that the laser wavelength set by the current driving laser is 3400 nm, and a schematic diagram of a driving electric field generated thereby is as shown in Figure 2 . Figure 2 The diagram shows the case that the driving electric field size generated by the laser wavelength of 3400 nm changes over time. Different harmonic orders q are 3, 13, and 23, respectively. Therefore, by analyzing the function characteristics of the Wigner functions of the three harmonic orders, the optical field quantum state regulation results at the three harmonic orders can be determined, which can be specifically as shown in Figure 3 .

[0088] In a specific implementation, the corresponding characteristic threshold value can be preset according to the function characteristic, and a plurality of first characteristic regions are divided. Then, it can be determined that the function characteristic is in which first characteristic region, so as to determine the optical field quantum state regulation result, specifically including a cat state, a standard cat state, and a coherent state. The function characteristic can be a region area ratio of the Wigner function taking a negative value, and therefore the characteristic threshold value can be set according to the region area ratio, and the characteristic interval is divided.

[0089] For example, the characteristic threshold value can be -0.20 and 0, and the interval range of the first characteristic region can be less than -0.20, -0.20 to 0, and greater than 0, as shown in Figure 3 (a) of FIG. 13. When the harmonic order q is the third order, the cat state Wigner function has a significant negative region, and the region area ratio is -0.21, that is, the region area ratio of the function taking a negative value is 21%. The following is not described and explained, and at this time, it can be determined that the optical field quantum state regulation result is a typical cat state characteristic. As shown in Figure 3As shown in the middle (b), when the harmonic order q is set to the 13th order, the negative area of the optical cat state Wigner function is more obvious, and the area ratio is-0.12. At this time, it can be judged that the optical field quantum state regulation result is the standard cat state characteristic. As shown in the middle (a), when the harmonic order q is set to the 3rd order, the negative area of the optical cat state Wigner function is relatively large, and the area ratio is-0.25. At this time, it can be judged that the optical field quantum state regulation result is the small cat state characteristic. Figure 3 As shown in the middle (c), when the harmonic order q is set to the 23rd order, the negative area of the optical cat state Wigner function is basically non-existent, that is, there is no negative value, and the value is close to symmetry. Therefore, it can be judged that the optical field quantum state regulation result is the coherent light characteristic of the coherent state.

[0090] Therefore, under the condition that the laser wavelength of the driving laser is fixed 3400nm, by setting different harmonic orders of 3, 13 and 23, the regulation results of the optical cat state are finally determined to be the small cat state, the standard cat state and the coherent state according to the Wigner function.

[0091] When the control variable strategy is to fix the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonic, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different laser wavelengths are determined, the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics, and the optical field quantum state regulation results under multiple different laser wavelengths are obtained.

[0092] Here, when the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, it means that the configuration combination during regulation is to set multiple laser wavelengths of the driving laser under the condition of fixing the harmonic order of the high-order harmonic. That is, multiple different driving electric fields are generated by multiple laser wavelengths of the driving laser, so that the driving laser interacts with the solid target to generate a solid high-order harmonic with a fixed harmonic order, and then the Wigner function is obtained by corresponding quantum conversion processing.

[0093] After determining the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different laser wavelengths, the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics, and the optical field quantum state regulation results under multiple different harmonic orders are obtained.

[0094] Specifically, under each laser wavelength, the function characteristics are divided according to the preset second characteristic interval, and the corresponding optical field quantum state regulation result is obtained.

[0095] Suppose that the different laser wavelengths of the driving laser are set to 3200nm, 3400nm and 3600nm respectively, and the different driving electric field diagrams generated thereby are as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 4Figures (a), (b), and (c) respectively show the case that the driving electric field generated by the laser with a wavelength of 3200 nm, 3400 nm, and 3600 nm varies with time. The harmonic order q of the high-order harmonic is fixed to the 11th order. By analyzing the function characteristics of the Wigner function of the three laser wavelengths, the regulation results of the optical cat state under the three laser wavelengths can be determined, which can be seen from the schematic diagram shown in Figure 5

[0096] In the specific implementation, similar to the case of fixed laser wavelength, the corresponding characteristic threshold can be preset according to the function characteristics, and the function characteristics are divided into a plurality of second characteristic regions, and then it is determined which second characteristic region the function characteristics are in, so that the corresponding optical cat state regulation result is determined. Specifically, it also includes three quantum states of cat state, standard cat state, and coherent state.

[0097] For example, the characteristic threshold can be -0.30 and 0, and the interval range of the second characteristic region can be less than -0.30, -0.30 to 0, and greater than 0. As shown in Figure 5 As shown in figure (a), when the laser wavelength is set to 3200 nm, the cat state Wigner function is closer to the displaced Fock state, the negative region is obvious, and the area ratio of the region is -0.38. At this time, it can be determined that the optical cat state regulation result is the typical cat state characteristic. As shown in Figure 5 As shown in figure (b), when the laser wavelength is set to 3400 nm, the Wigner function presents a unique ring structure, and there is an obvious negative value distribution in the central region. The negative value region is relatively obvious, and the area ratio of the region is -0.15. At this time, it can be determined that the optical cat state regulation result is the standard cat state characteristic. As shown in Figure 5 As shown in figure (c), when the laser wavelength is set to 3600 nm, the negative region of the Wigner function basically does not exist, that is, there is no negative value, and the value is close to symmetry. Therefore, it can be determined that the optical cat state regulation result is the coherent light characteristic of the coherent state.

[0098] Therefore, under the condition that the harmonic order q of the high-order harmonic is fixed to the 11th order, by setting different laser wavelengths of 3200 nm, 3400 nm, and 3600 nm, the regulation results of the optical cat state are determined to be cat state, standard cat state, and coherent state according to the Wigner function.

[0099] After determining the regulation result of the optical cat state, the output can be performed by wavelength or order. According to the output result, the differences between the regulation effects of the cat state, the standard cat state, and the coherent state under different wavelengths and different orders can be analyzed, which provides a quantitative basis for the accurate customization of the optical cat state and the coherent state.

[0100] ​The embodiment of the present application realizes hierarchical regulation of different optical field quantum states by directly analyzing the function characteristics of the Wigner function under the control variable strategy, and has high flexibility and applicability. The threshold value division judgment is set by the function value of the Wigner function graph, which can clearly distinguish the optical state characteristics and improve the reliability of the regulation results of different quantum states. The embodiment of the present application fully utilizes the advantage of high atomic density of solid, and improves the optical cat state yield to The solid high harmonic generation scheme improves the yield by multiple orders of magnitude compared with the gas high harmonic generation scheme, and provides a reliable basis for on-demand preparation of different optical field quantum states.

[0101] In summary, the optical field quantum state regulation method based on the solid high harmonic generation condition provided by the present application controls the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high harmonic by the control variable strategy, creates multiple different solid high harmonic generation conditions, and quantifies the optical field quantum state regulation results under different regulation conditions by analyzing the Wigner function obtained by the quantumization conversion processing of the solid high harmonic, so as to realize accurate hierarchical regulation of non-classical optical states. The control variable strategy significantly improves the regulation flexibility and meets the demand of multi-parameter collaborative optimization of optical field quantum state regulation in different quantum technology application scenarios.

[0102] The following describes the optical field quantum state regulation device based on the solid high harmonic generation condition provided by the present application.

[0103] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical field quantum state regulation device based on the solid high harmonic generation condition provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 6 the optical field quantum state regulation device based on the solid high harmonic generation condition specifically includes: a harmonic acquisition module 601, a quantum conversion module 602, and a regulation analysis module 603.

[0104] Specifically, the harmonic acquisition module 601 is configured to, when generating a solid high harmonic by interaction between driving laser and solid target material, control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high harmonic according to a control variable strategy, and obtain high harmonics of different quantum states; the quantum conversion module 602 is configured to perform quantumization conversion processing on the high harmonics of different quantum states, and obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing optical field quantum state description; and the regulation analysis module 603 is configured to analyze the function characteristics of the Wigner functions, and obtain multiple different optical field quantum state regulation results, wherein the optical field quantum state regulation results include optical cat states and coherent states.

[0105] The solid high-order harmonic generation condition-based light field quantum state regulation device provided by the above embodiments can implement the technical solutions described in the above solid high-order harmonic generation condition-based light field quantum state regulation method embodiments, and the principles of the implementation of the above respective modules or units can be referred to the corresponding content in the above solid high-order harmonic generation condition-based light field quantum state regulation method embodiments. The technical effects can also be mutually corresponding, and will not be described here.

[0106] As shown in Figure 7 The present application also provides an electronic device 700 accordingly. The electronic device 700 includes a processor 701, a memory 702 and a display 703. Figure 7 Only part of the components of the electronic device 700 are shown, but it should be understood that all the shown components are not required, and more or less components can be alternatively implemented.

[0107] The memory 702 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 700 in some embodiments, such as a hard disk or a memory of the electronic device 700. The memory 702 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 700 in other embodiments, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc.

[0108] Further, the memory 702 can include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the electronic device 700. The memory 702 is used to store application software and various data installed in the electronic device 700.

[0109] The processor 701 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor or other data processing chip in some embodiments, used to run the program code or process data stored in the memory 702, such as the solid high-order harmonic generation condition-based light field quantum state regulation method in the present application.

[0110] The display 703 can be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch liquid crystal display, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touch, etc. in some embodiments. The display 703 is used to display information in the electronic device 700 and to display visual user interfaces. The components 1001-1003 of the electronic device 700 communicate with each other through a system bus.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present application, when the processor 701 executes the light field quantum state regulation program in the memory 702, the following steps can be implemented: when a solid high harmonic is generated by interaction of a driving laser with a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high harmonic are controlled according to a control variable strategy, so as to obtain high harmonics of different quantum states; the high harmonics of different quantum states are subjected to quantumization conversion processing, so as to obtain a plurality of Wigner functions for representing light field quantum state description; and function feature analysis is performed on the Wigner functions, so as to obtain a plurality of different light field quantum state regulation results, the light field quantum state regulation results including light cat states and coherent states.

[0112] It should be understood that, in addition to the above functions, the processor 701 can also implement other functions when executing the light field quantum state regulation program in the memory 702, which can be specifically understood from the description of the corresponding method embodiments.

[0113] Further, the type of the electronic device 700 is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application, and the electronic device 700 can be a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, etc. Exemplary embodiments of the portable electronic device include but are not limited to a portable electronic device running an IOS, android, microsoft or other operating system. The above portable electronic device can also be another portable electronic device, such as a laptop computer having a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel). It should also be understood that, in some other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 700 can also be a desktop computer having a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel).

[0114] In another aspect, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement a light field quantum state regulation method based on a solid high harmonic generation condition provided by the above method, the method comprising: when a solid high harmonic is generated by interaction of a driving laser with a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high harmonic are controlled according to a control variable strategy, so as to obtain high harmonics of different quantum states; the high harmonics of different quantum states are subjected to quantumization conversion processing, so as to obtain a plurality of Wigner functions for representing light field quantum state description; and function feature analysis is performed on the Wigner functions, so as to obtain a plurality of different light field quantum state regulation results, the light field quantum state regulation results including light cat states and coherent states.

[0115] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware by a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory or a random access memory, etc.

[0116] The above describes in detail the method and device for controlling the quantum state of the optical field based on the solid high-order harmonic generation condition provided by the application. The principle and implementation of the application are described by using specific examples. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the application. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, the specific implementation and application range can be changed according to the idea of the application. In summary, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids, characterized in that, include: When generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting with a driving laser and a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics are controlled according to a control variable strategy to obtain higher harmonics of different quantum states. The higher harmonics of the different quantum states are quantized to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field; Functional characteristic analysis was performed on the Wigner function to obtain several different optical field quantum state manipulation results, including optical cat state and coherent state.

2. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-states according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control variable strategy includes: Under the condition of fixing the laser wavelength of the driving laser, select multiple different harmonic orders of the solid higher harmonics; Alternatively, under the condition of fixing the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics, multiple different laser wavelengths of the driving laser can be selected.

3. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-state systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring the higher harmonics of the different quantum states includes: Based on the control variable strategy, the configuration combination of the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonic is determined; In each of the aforementioned configuration combinations, a corresponding driving electric field is generated by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target, and the high-order harmonic optical signal radiated by the driving electric field is collected.

4. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-state systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of quantizing the higher harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field includes: For each quantum state's higher harmonics, determine the laser-induced current that drives the laser when the higher harmonics are generated; The laser-induced current is subjected to Fourier transform processing to obtain the total current in the frequency domain; The total current in the frequency domain is converted into the coherent amplitude displacement of the driving laser according to a preset quantum conversion coefficient. Based on the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, the Wigner function used to characterize the quantum state description of the optical field is calculated.

5. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-states according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional characterization of the Wigner function yields several different results of optical field quantum state manipulation, including: When the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different harmonic orders are determined, and the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics to obtain the optical field quantum state modulation results under multiple different harmonic orders. When the control variable strategy is to fix the harmonic order of the solid high harmonics, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different laser wavelengths are determined, and the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics to obtain the light field quantum state modulation results under multiple different laser wavelengths.

6. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of identifying quantum state types based on the function characteristics to obtain optical field quantum state manipulation results under multiple different harmonic orders includes: At each harmonic order, the function characteristics are divided according to a preset first characteristic interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state modulation result; The process of identifying quantum state types based on the functional characteristics to obtain optical field quantum state manipulation results at multiple different laser wavelengths includes: At each laser wavelength, the function features are divided according to a preset second feature interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state modulation result.

7. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-states according to claim 6, characterized in that, The functional characteristics include the percentage of the area where the Wigner function takes a negative value.

8. A device for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-state systems, characterized in that, include: The harmonic acquisition module is used to control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonics according to the control variable strategy when generating solid high-order harmonics by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target material, so as to obtain high-order harmonics of different quantum states. The quantum conversion module is used to quantize the higher harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field. The modulation analysis module is used to perform function characteristic analysis on the Wigner function to obtain multiple different light field quantum state modulation results, including the optical cat state and the coherent state.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including memory and processor, among which, The memory is used to store programs; The processor, coupled to the memory, is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state high harmonic generation conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images