Esophageal cancer perioperative period personalized nutrition supplement system based on nutrition metabolism monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses an esophageal cancer perioperative period personalized nutrition supplement system based on nutrition metabolism monitoring, and the system comprises a nutrition metabolism monitoring module which is used for collecting nutrition metabolism related index data of an esophageal cancer patient in a perioperative period; the patient information input module is used for inputting individual basic information, esophageal cancer disease information and complication information of a patient; the data processing and analysis module is in communication connection with the nutrition metabolism monitoring module and the patient information input module and is used for receiving the nutrition metabolism related index data and the patient individual information and comparing the nutrition metabolism related index data with the nutrition metabolism standard reference range in the esophageal cancer perioperative period. According to the invention, individual demands are accurately adapted, a scheme is generated according to esophageal cancer staging, complication and perioperative stages through cooperation of nutrition metabolism monitoring, patient information input and a multi-dimensional analysis module, the limitation of a traditional fixed formula is broken through, and imbalance of nutrition supply is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of digital medical cross technology, and particularly relates to an esophageal cancer perioperative personalized nutrition supplement system based on nutrition metabolism monitoring. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the treatment of esophageal cancer, perioperative nutrition supplementation is a key link to ensure patient tolerance to surgery and promote postoperative recovery. Currently, the commonly used perioperative nutrition supplementation techniques for esophageal cancer mainly include oral nutritional preparations, enteral nutrition infusion and parenteral nutrition support. The daily energy requirement is usually calculated based on the patient's body weight (usually 25-30 kcal / kg / d), and the proportion of nutritional ingredients is usually fixed (such as 15%-20% of protein, 50%-60% of carbohydrates, and 20%-30% of fat). At the same time, the nutrition status is evaluated by regularly detecting biochemical indicators such as serum albumin and prealbumin, and in some cases, the supplement dosage is adjusted based on subjective feedback such as patient appetite and food intake, and the patient's nutrition-related data is usually stored in paper records or basic electronic spreadsheets for subsequent diagnosis and treatment reference. The existing perioperative nutrition supplementation techniques for esophageal cancer can meet the basic nutritional needs, but there is a gap with the individualized and precise clinical needs. The specific deficiencies are as follows: first, the scheme lacks individual adaptability. The fixed formula does not fully consider the differences in demand for esophageal cancer staging (metabolic differences in early, middle and late stages), comorbidities (such as the influence of diabetes on glucose metabolism and the restriction of liver and kidney dysfunction on fat metabolism), and different stages of perioperative period (preoperative reserve, intraoperative stress, and postoperative recovery), which easily leads to unbalanced nutrition supply; second, the adjustment mechanism is lagging. The adjustment is usually made empirically when obvious adverse reactions (such as frequent abdominal distension and vomiting) or significant abnormalities in nutritional indicators (such as continuous decrease in albumin) occur, without real-time monitoring-dynamic feedback closed-loop logic; third, the monitoring dimension is single. The evaluation is not sufficient because it mainly focuses on protein metabolism indicators and lacks comprehensive monitoring of energy metabolism, body composition and glucose and lipid metabolism; fourth, there is no clear nutrition risk stratification and control. Similar intervention strategies are used for high-risk and low-risk patients, which easily leads to over-supplementation or insufficient intervention; fifth, the data management efficiency is low. Paper or basic electronic records are difficult to retrieve and privacy protection is weak, which makes it difficult to support scientific research analysis and scheme optimization; sixth, the application scenario is limited. The adaptive scheme for intraoperative stress period nutrition support and postoperative dysphagia patients is insufficient, and it is difficult to meet the diversified needs of the whole process. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide an esophageal cancer perioperative personalized nutrition supplement system based on nutrition metabolism monitoring, which solves the problems of inaccurate perioperative nutrition scheme for esophageal cancer in the prior art, no dynamic adjustment and low management efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: An esophageal cancer perioperative personalized nutrition supplement system based on nutrition metabolism monitoring, comprising: A nutrition metabolism monitoring module for collecting nutrition metabolism related index data of esophageal cancer patients in the perioperative period; A patient information input module for inputting individual basic information, esophageal cancer disease information and complication information of the patient; A data processing and analysis module, which is in communication connection with the nutrition metabolism monitoring module and the patient information input module respectively, is used for receiving the nutrition metabolism related index data and the individual information of the patient, comparing the nutrition metabolism related index data with the standard reference range of esophageal cancer perioperative nutrition metabolism, and carrying out multi-dimensional data correlation analysis combined with the individual information of the patient, wherein the multi-dimensional data correlation analysis includes the nutrition metabolism index dimension, the patient individual basic information dimension, the esophageal cancer disease information dimension and the complication information dimension, and the nutrition abnormal type and the nutrition risk grade of the patient are identified; A personalized nutrition scheme generation module, which is in communication connection with the data processing and analysis module, is used for generating a personalized nutrition scheme according to the data processing and analysis results combined with the nutrition demand characteristics of different stages of esophageal cancer perioperative period; A nutrition supplement execution module, which is in communication connection with the personalized nutrition scheme generation module, is used for executing nutrition supplement operation according to the personalized nutrition scheme and collecting patient tolerance data in the nutrition supplement process in real time; A closed loop adjustment module, which is in communication connection with the nutrition supplement execution module and the data processing and analysis module respectively, is used for feeding back the patient tolerance data to the data processing and analysis module, triggering the data processing and analysis module to re-evaluate the nutrition state of the patient, and driving the personalized nutrition scheme generation module to dynamically adjust the nutrition scheme if the nutrition index does not reach the expectation or the patient has poor tolerance.

[0005] Preferably, the nutrition metabolism monitoring module collects the perioperative period of esophageal cancer patients including 1-4 weeks before operation, operation and 1-4 weeks after operation; the nutrition metabolism related index includes protein metabolism index, energy metabolism index, carbohydrate metabolism index, fat metabolism index and body composition index, wherein the protein metabolism index is albumin, prealbumin and transferrin, the energy metabolism index is resting energy consumption and metabolic rate, the carbohydrate metabolism index is fasting blood glucose and 2h postprandial blood glucose, the fat metabolism index is triglyceride and total cholesterol, and the body composition index is muscle mass, fat mass and body fat rate; The individual basic information input by the patient information input module includes age, gender, height, weight, BMI, the esophageal cancer disease information includes pathological stage, tumor location, surgical method, and the comorbidity information includes diabetes, hypertension, liver and kidney function abnormalities. The nutritional abnormality types identified by the data processing and analysis module include protein deficiency, energy deficiency, sugar and lipid metabolism disorder, muscle loss, and nutritional risk grade.

[0006] Preferably, the esophageal cancer perioperative different stages combined by the personalized nutrition regimen generation module include preoperative reserve period, intraoperative stress period, and postoperative recovery period. The personalized nutrition regimen includes nutritional ingredient proportion, daily nutritional intake, nutritional supplement approach, and nutritional supplement frequency, wherein the protein proportion is 15%-30%, the carbohydrate proportion is 45%-60%, and the fat proportion is 20%-35% in the nutritional ingredient proportion, the nutritional supplement approach includes oral nutritional preparation, enteral nutrition infusion, and parenteral nutrition support. The patient tolerance data collected by the nutritional supplement execution module include eating amount and whether abdominal distension, diarrhea, and vomiting reaction occur. The dynamic adjustment content of the closed loop adjustment module includes adjustment of the nutritional ingredient proportion, nutritional supplement approach, and single nutritional supplement dose of the personalized nutrition regimen.

[0007] Preferably, the nutritional metabolism monitoring module includes non-invasive monitoring unit and invasive monitoring unit. The non-invasive monitoring unit collects body composition indicators through a bioelectrical impedance analyzer and collects resting energy consumption and metabolic rate through an indirect calorimetry energy metabolism instrument. The invasive monitoring unit collects patient venous blood samples, detects albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose indicators by using a full-automatic biochemical analyzer, and collects 2h postprandial blood glucose indicators by using a portable blood glucose meter.

[0008] Preferably, the data processing and analysis module is built-in with a nutritional risk assessment algorithm, the risk assessment algorithm is based on the degree of patient nutritional metabolism indicators deviating from the standard reference range, the severity of esophageal cancer disease, and the comorbidity influence weight, the nutritional risk score is calculated by using an analytic hierarchy process, and the nutritional risk grade is divided according to the score: low risk corresponds to score <3, medium risk corresponds to 3≤score <6, and high risk corresponds to score≥6.

[0009] Preferably, the personalized nutrition regimen generation module combines the nutritional needs of different stages of the perioperative period of esophageal cancer, including the preoperative reserve period, the intraoperative stress period, the postoperative recovery period and the individual data of the patient to generate a personalized regimen; wherein the preoperative reserve period aims to increase protein and energy reserves, and the protein intake is 1.2-1.5g / kg / d; the intraoperative stress period aims to maintain basal metabolism and organ function, and the energy supply is 25-30kcal / kg / d; the postoperative recovery period aims to promote tissue repair and muscle synthesis, and the protein intake is 1.5-2.0g / kg / d.

[0010] Preferably, the nutrition supplement execution module includes an intelligent infusion subunit and an oral auxiliary subunit. The intelligent infusion subunit is used for enteral and parenteral nutrition infusion, and can set the infusion speed and infusion time according to the nutrition regimen, the infusion speed ranges from 50ml / h to 150ml / h, and the infusion pressure is monitored in real time; if the pressure exceeds the threshold value, it is prompted that the pipeline is blocked, and then the system is automatically paused and an alarm is sent. The oral auxiliary subunit is used to assist patients with difficulty in swallowing to take oral nutritional preparations, and is equipped with temperature adjustment function and dose segmentation function; the temperature adjustment function controls the temperature of the preparation to be 37-40℃, and the dose segmentation function divides the single dose into 3-5 small doses for taking.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a data storage and tracing module. The data storage and tracing module is in communication connection with the data processing and analysis module, and is used to store the nutrition metabolism monitoring data of the patient throughout the whole process, the personalized nutrition regimen, the regimen adjustment record and the patient tolerance data; the stored data supports retrieval and export according to the time dimension and the index type, the time dimension includes daily and weekly, and the index type includes protein metabolism and energy metabolism; the data storage conforms to the medical data security specification, and specifically adopts the mode of encrypted storage and access permission hierarchical control.

[0012] Preferably, the closed-loop adjustment module sets the adjustment trigger condition: when the key nutrition indicators monitored by the patient for two consecutive times do not reach 80% of the stage target value, or when abdominal distension and diarrhea reactions occur for more than two times in the patient tolerance data, the regimen adjustment process is automatically triggered; the key nutrition indicators include albumin, resting energy consumption and muscle mass.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusted nutrition regimen can be executed by the nutrition supplement execution module only after being verified by the data processing and analysis module to conform to the current nutritional status of the patient.

[0014] The technical effect and advantages of the esophageal cancer perioperative personalized nutrition supplement system based on nutrition metabolism monitoring of the application are as follows: 1. This invention precisely adapts to individual needs. Through the collaboration of nutritional metabolism monitoring (multi-dimensional indicators), patient information entry and multi-dimensional analysis modules, it generates plans according to the stage of esophageal cancer, complications and perioperative period, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed formulas and avoiding nutritional imbalance.

[0015] 2. This invention features dynamic closed-loop adjustment. Relying on a closed-loop module, it receives tolerance data in real time and dynamically optimizes the treatment plan when indicators fail to meet the standards or tolerance is poor. The plan is then executed after data verification, solving the problem of lagging adjustment in traditional treatment plans and conforming to the patient's physiological changes.

[0016] 3. This invention provides comprehensive and scientific monitoring, combining non-invasive and invasive methods. It covers body components, energy, protein, and glucose and lipid metabolism indicators in a dual-unit manner, using standardized techniques to obtain objective data. This provides reliable support for evaluation and protocol generation, avoiding the biases of traditional single-monitoring methods.

[0017] 4. This invention features risk stratification and management: it quantifies nutritional risks (low / medium / high) through algorithms, and matches intervention strategies accordingly. It avoids metabolic contraindications for high-risk individuals and prevents over-supplementation for low-risk individuals, thereby reducing complications and improving clinical safety, which is superior to traditional non-stratified approaches.

[0018] 5. This invention provides efficient and secure data management. The storage module completely stores all data throughout the process, supports multi-dimensional retrieval, and ensures security through encryption and hierarchical access control. It improves management efficiency, supports scientific research, and solves the problems of inefficiency and privacy risks associated with traditional paper records.

[0019] 6. This invention broadens the application scenarios, covering the entire perioperative process, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. It provides adaptive solutions for special cases such as dysphagia, flexibly switches supplementary routes, and is applicable to different patient types, breaking through the limitations of traditional solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system flow of a personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring, as proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. Example

[0023] refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring, for use in the preoperative preparation period for patients with early-stage esophageal cancer without complications. Specific implementation details include: Implementation Background: Patient: Male, 60 years old, height 178cm, weight 70kg, BMI=22.0kg / m²; esophageal cancer pathological stage I (tumor located in the upper esophagus, diameter 1.2cm, no lymph node metastasis); no diabetes, hypertension, or abnormal liver and kidney function; planned to undergo thoracoscopic radical esophagectomy, with a preoperative preparation period of 4 weeks.

[0024] Purpose of implementation: To verify the effectiveness of this system in the preoperative preparation period for patients with early-stage esophageal cancer without complications: through the synergy of core modules, it can slightly improve muscle reserves and maintain basal metabolism, laying a nutritional foundation for surgical tolerance, while also verifying the stability of the treatment plan for low-risk patients. Implementation module: (1) Nutritional metabolism monitoring module: Functional execution: Body composition indicators (muscle mass 30.2kg, fat mass 14.5kg, body fat percentage 20.7%) were collected using a non-invasive monitoring unit (bioelectrical impedance analyzer), and resting energy expenditure (1420kcal / d, metabolic rate 20.3kcal / kg / d) was collected using an indirect calorimetry energy metabolism analyzer. The invasive monitoring unit collected 5 ml of peripheral venous blood, and the protein metabolism indicators (albumin 40 g / L, prealbumin 265 mg / L, transferrin 2.9 g / L) and glucose and lipid metabolism indicators (fasting blood glucose 5.3 mmol / L, triglycerides 1.1 mmol / L, total cholesterol 4.3 mmol / L) were detected by a fully automated biochemical analyzer. The 2-hour postprandial blood glucose was 5.7 mmol / L. Frequency: Monitor once a week before surgery. (2) Patient information entry module: Function execution: Enter individual basic information (age 60 years old, gender male, height 178cm, weight 70kg, BMI=22.0), esophageal cancer information (pathological stage I, tumor location upper esophagus, surgical method thoracoscopic radical resection), and comorbidity information (none); Additional information: Updated 1 week before surgery: surgery time and preoperative preparation status. Data processing and analysis module: Function execution: Call the built-in nutritional risk assessment algorithm, and use the parameters of "deviation of nutritional metabolic indicators (within ±8%, weight 0.2) + disease severity (stage I, weight 0.3) + impact of comorbidities (none, weight 0.1)" to calculate the nutritional risk score of 1.8 points through the analytic hierarchy process. Results output: The nutritional risk level is determined to be low risk, and the nutritional abnormality type is "no obvious deficiency (muscle mass is close to the lower limit)". Personalized nutrition plan generation module: Function execution: Based on the data processing and analysis results, and combined with the clinical scenario characteristics of "Stage I esophageal cancer + thoracoscopic surgery + preoperative preparation period", a plan is generated with the goal of "mildly improving muscle reserve". The regimen consists of 22% protein (1.4g / kg / day, 98g / day), 58% carbohydrates (247g / day), and 20% fat (31g / day), with a total energy of 1850kcal / day. The route of administration is oral nutritional supplements (each 100g contains 22g of protein and 460kcal of energy), administered 3 times a day (200ml / time, taken 1 hour after a meal). (5) Nutritional Supplement Implementation Module: Functional execution: Administered via an oral adjuvant subunit (temperature adjusted to 37°C, no dose fractionation required); Data collection: Tolerance data (100% food intake, no bloating / diarrhea / vomiting) is recorded after each supplementation and uploaded to the data processing and analysis module in real time. (6) Closed-loop adjustment module: Function execution: Receive tolerance data and weekly monitoring indicators, determine "muscle mass gradually increases (30.2kg→30.8kg→31.5kg), albumin stable (40-41g / L)", and the adjustment trigger condition has not been met; Result: No adjustments were needed to the treatment plan, which was continued until one day before the surgery. Implementation effect

[0025] Nutritional goals achieved: Muscle mass increased by 4.3% 4 weeks before surgery, resting energy expenditure stabilized at 1420-1450 kcal / day, and there were no abnormal nutritional indicators. Surgery and recovery: On the 4th day after surgery, albumin recovered to 39g / L (no hypoalbuminemia), the time to expel gas after surgery was shortened by 12 hours compared with the traditional approach (no muscle supplementation before surgery), and the length of hospital stay was shortened by 2 days; Module collaboration validation: The six core modules collaborated smoothly in low-risk scenarios, and the stability of the protocol met clinical needs (without adjustments). Example

[0026] This embodiment provides a personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer patients based on nutritional metabolism monitoring, for postoperative recovery in patients with mid-stage esophageal cancer and type 2 diabetes. Specific implementation details include: Implementation Background: Patient: Female, 65 years old, height 162cm, weight 55kg, BMI=21.0kg / m²; esophageal cancer pathological stage II (tumor located in the middle of the esophagus, diameter 2.5cm, 1 lymph node metastasis); complicated with type 2 diabetes (8-year history, controlled by oral glimepiride, fasting blood glucose 7.0-8.5mmol / L); planned to undergo open thoracotomy for radical esophagectomy, with a postoperative recovery period of 2 weeks. Purpose of implementation: To verify the effectiveness of this system in the postoperative recovery period of patients with mid-stage esophageal cancer and diabetes: through the dynamic synergy of 6 core modules, it addresses the multiple needs of "postoperative stress + diabetes blood glucose control + protein supplementation", and verifies the response capability of the closed-loop adjustment module to "poor tolerance + slow improvement of indicators". Implementation module: (1) Nutritional metabolism monitoring module: Functional execution: Starting from the first day after surgery, the invasive monitoring unit collected venous blood (albumin, prealbumin, fasting blood glucose) daily, and the non-invasive monitoring unit collected resting energy consumption (1380 kcal / d on the first day after surgery) and muscle mass (23.1 kg on the first day after surgery) every 3 days. Special monitoring: Portable blood glucose meter to monitor fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose daily (4 times / day). (2) Patient information entry module: Functional execution: Preoperative entry of basic information, disease information (stage II, open-chest surgery), comorbidities (diabetes and medication); Postoperative day 1, supplementation of "gastrointestinal function not fully recovered" and "glucose control target 6.0-7.0 mmol / L". (3) Data Processing and Analysis Module: Functional execution: Nutritional risk score was calculated on the first postoperative day = (Indicator deviation: albumin 33g / L < standard, weight 0.3; blood glucose 8.2mmol / L > standard, weight 0.2) + disease severity (stage II, weight 0.2) + comorbidities (diabetes, weight 0.2) = 5.2 points (medium risk); Dynamic assessment: On the 3rd day after surgery, the albumin level was reassessed as "no increase at 33g / L, abdominal distension once", and it was determined that "protein absorption efficiency is low". (4) Personalized nutrition plan generation module: Initial protocol (days 1-3 post-surgery): Matching parameters for "Stage II + Diabetes + Post-operative recovery period", protein 28% (1.6g / kg / d, 88g / d), carbohydrates 45% (low GI, 167g / d), fat 27% (33g / d), total energy 1720kcal / d; route of administration: enteral infusion (intelligent infusion subunit, 50→80ml / h). Adjusted regimen (starting from 4 days post-surgery): Based on the results of the data processing and analysis module, the regimen was changed to "high-protein, low-osmolarity preparation", with an infusion rate of 70 ml / h and a carbohydrate content of 43%. (5) Nutritional Supplement Implementation Module: Functional execution: During the initial protocol phase, the infusion rate was 80 ml / h, and tolerance data were collected (abdominal distension once on the second postoperative day, food intake 85%, blood glucose 7.8 mmol / L). Post-adjustment phase: Infuse at 70 ml / h, and record tolerance daily (disappearance of abdominal distension, food intake of 95%, blood glucose of 7.2-7.5 mmol / L). (6) Closed-loop adjustment module: Triggering condition: On the 3rd day after surgery, although the "two consecutive episodes of abdominal distension" were not achieved, the "albumin level remained unchanged at 33g / L", triggering the adjustment. Adjustment verification: On the 5th day after surgery, the data processing and analysis module verified that "albumin 35g / L, blood glucose 7.2mmol / L" was consistent with the current status, confirming that the adjustment was effective; Follow-up: Evaluation was conducted every 3 days starting from the 7th day after surgery, with no further adjustments made. Implementation effect

[0027] Nutritional indicators: Two weeks after surgery, albumin recovered to 38g / L, fasting blood glucose stabilized at 6.5-7.2mmol / L, and muscle mass recovered to 24.0kg (an increase of 3.9% compared to the first day after surgery). Complications: No hyperglycemic ketoacidosis or bowel dysfunction; the incidence of complications is 75% lower than that of traditional regimens (fixed formula, no dynamic adjustment); Module collaboration: The closed-loop adjustment module responds promptly, and the indicators improve within 48 hours after the solution is adjusted, verifying the effectiveness of the "monitoring-analysis-adjustment" closed loop. Example

[0028] This embodiment provides a personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring, for use during the intraoperative stress period in patients with advanced esophageal cancer complicated by abnormal liver and kidney function. Specific implementation details include: Implementation Background: Patient: Male, 70 years old, height 170cm, weight 60kg, BMI=20.8kg / m²; esophageal cancer pathological stage III (tumor invades the esophageal adventitia, 2 lymph node metastases); complicated with mild cirrhosis (ALT 90U / L) and chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 2, serum creatinine 135μmol / L); planned to undergo open thoracotomy for radical esophagectomy with lymph node dissection, estimated operation time 5 hours. Purpose of implementation: To verify the effectiveness of this system during the intraoperative stress period in patients with advanced esophageal cancer and abnormal liver and kidney function: Through the intraoperative synergy of 6 core modules, it achieves "maintaining basal metabolism + avoiding liver and kidney burden", verifying the ability of dynamic adjustment during surgery and its protective effect on liver and kidney function. Implementation module: (1) Nutritional metabolism monitoring module: 1 hour before surgery: Non-invasive monitoring of resting energy consumption was 1450 kcal / d (stress state), and invasive monitoring of venous blood was performed (albumin 32 g / L, triglycerides 1.9 mmol / L, serum creatinine 135 μmol / L). Intraoperatively: Venous blood (triglycerides, serum creatinine, ALT) was collected every 2 hours via an invasive monitoring unit, and the data was transmitted in real time. (2) Patient information entry module: Preoperative data entry: basic information, disease information (stage III, thoracotomy + lymph node dissection), comorbidities (cirrhosis + CKD stage 2, baseline values ​​of liver and kidney function); Intraoperative supplement: Estimated operation time: 5 hours; intraoperative volume control target (avoid overload). (3) Data Processing and Analysis Module: Preoperative assessment: Calculate nutritional risk score = (indicator deviation: low albumin + high triglycerides, weight 0.3) + disease severity (stage III, weight 0.4) + comorbidities (liver and kidney abnormalities, weight 0.3) = 6.8 points (high risk); Intraoperative analysis: Postoperative monitoring showed "triglycerides 2.3 mmol / L", indicating "excessive lipid metabolic load". (4) Personalized nutrition plan generation module: Initial protocol (0-2h intraoperatively): Matched parameters for "Stage III + Liver and Kidney Abnormalities + Intraoperative Stress Period", energy 27kcal / kg / d (1620kcal / d), fat 18% (medium-chain triglycerides, 32.4g / d), protein 24% (high-quality protein, 84g / d); route of administration: parenteral infusion (intelligent infusion subunit, 80ml / h). Adjustment plan (2 hours after surgery): Based on the analysis results, the fat percentage was reduced to 15%, and the infusion rate was 75 ml / h. (5) Nutritional Supplement Implementation Module: Intraoperative administration: Initially administer parenteral nutrition at a rate of 80 ml / h, and monitor the infusion pressure in real time (to avoid blockage); After adjustment: Infuse at 75 ml / h, record the infusion volume and the patient's vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, avoid volume overload). (6) Closed-loop adjustment module: Triggering condition: Triglycerides 2.3 mmol / L > baseline 1.9 mmol / L 2 hours during surgery, triggering adjustment; Verification: 1 hour after adjustment (3 hours during surgery), the data processing and analysis module verified "triglycerides 1.8 mmol / L, serum creatinine 136 μmol / L, ALT 92 U / L" (no deterioration), confirming that it was consistent with the current status; Intraoperative maintenance: The adjusted protocol is continued until the end of the surgery. Implementation effect

[0029] Intraoperative indicators: no hypoglycemia or electrolyte disturbance; triglycerides decreased from 2.3 mmol / L to 1.8 mmol / L; liver and kidney function indicators did not deteriorate. Postoperative recovery: ALT 88 U / L and serum creatinine 134 μmol / L on the 1st day after surgery (returned to preoperative levels), with no liver or kidney complications; Module Value: The intraoperative dynamic adjustment module effectively avoids metabolic load and verifies the safety of the system during surgery in high-risk patients. Example

[0030] This embodiment provides a personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer patients based on nutritional metabolism monitoring, specifically for the application of an oral support subunit in patients with dysphagia after esophageal cancer surgery. The specific implementation includes: Implementation Background: Patient: Female, 62 years old, height 165cm, weight 63kg, BMI=23.1kg / m²; 1 week after surgery for stage II esophageal cancer, moderate dysphagia (semi-liquid cough > 3 times / meal); no complications; postoperative albumin 36g / L, muscle mass 27.0kg (2.5% decrease from preoperative level). Purpose of implementation: Verification of the system's effectiveness in patients with dysphagia after esophageal cancer surgery: Through the oral assistance subunit of the nutrition supplementation execution module, combined with the other 5 modules, the system addresses "insufficient food intake due to dysphagia," enabling a safe transition to a normal diet and preventing lung infections. Implementation module: (1) Nutritional metabolism monitoring module: One week post-surgery: Non-invasive monitoring showed muscle mass of 27.0 kg and body fat percentage of 21.5%; invasive monitoring showed albumin of 36 g / L. Follow-up: Monitor muscle mass and albumin levels every 3 days until swallowing difficulties improve. (2) Patient information entry module: Input: Postoperative status (1 week after stage II surgery, dysphagia), preoperative basic information, surgical procedure (thoracoscopic radical surgery); Additional information: Swallowing difficulty assessment results (moderate, frequency of choking). (3) Data Processing and Analysis Module: Assessment: Nutritional risk score = (Indicator deviation: slightly low muscle mass, weight 0.2) + Postoperative condition (dysphagia, weight 0.3) + No complications (weight 0.1) = 3.2 points (medium risk); Determination: The nutritional abnormality type is "potential protein deficiency (due to difficulty swallowing)". (4) Personalized nutrition plan generation module: Treatment plan: Matching the parameters of "postoperative dysphagia + medium risk", protein 26% (1.5g / kg / d, 94.5g / d), total energy 1800kcal / d; Pathway design: Activate oral adjuvant subunit, dose fractionation + temperature regulation (to avoid irritating the anastomosis).

[0031] (5) Nutritional Supplement Implementation Module: Oral adjuvant subunit: Adjust the temperature to 38℃, and divide the 200ml dose into 5 doses (40ml / dose, 15min interval). Tolerance assessment: After each administration, record the number of coughs and the amount of food consumed (initially 40% → adjusted to 90%).

[0032] (6) Closed-loop adjustment module: Monitoring: 1 week post-surgery (3 days after adjustment), tolerance data: "0 coughs, 90% food intake", muscle mass: 27.3 kg; Assessment: The adjustment criteria were not met, and the treatment plan will continue. Two weeks post-surgery, dysphagia improved, and the patient transitioned to a soft diet. Implementation effect

[0033] Improved swallowing: Soft foods can be eaten normally 2 weeks after surgery, which shortens the improvement time by 6 days compared to the traditional nasogastric feeding method; Nutritional indicators: 2 weeks post-surgery, muscle mass 27.8 kg (3.0% increase), albumin 38 g / L; Complications: No lung infection (caused by coughing), and the infection rate was reduced by 100% compared to the traditional regimen. Example

[0034] This embodiment provides a personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring, used for clinical management applications of the data storage and traceability module. Specific implementation details include: Implementation Background: A tertiary hospital's thoracic surgery department used this system to manage 150 perioperative patients with esophageal cancer (40 cases of stage I, 60 cases of stage II, and 50 cases of stage III, with a comorbidity rate of 30%) for a period of 6 months. Purpose of implementation: Verify the synergistic effect of the data storage and traceability module with other core modules: realize "electronic management of patient nutrition data throughout the process", improve data retrieval efficiency, ensure data security, and provide data support for the optimization of nutrition risk assessment algorithms. Implementation module: (1) Data storage and traceability module: Data storage: Receives and stores all data (monitoring indicators, protocols, tolerability, patient information) from the other 6 modules, using AES-256 encryption; Search and export: Supports searching by time (postoperative days 1-7), indicator type (protein metabolism), and risk level (high-risk patients); Access control: Doctors (edit + view), nurses (enter + view under their supervision), patients (view personal data), dual authentication login. (2) Collaboration with other modules: Nutritional metabolism monitoring module: Monitoring data is uploaded to the storage module in real time and trend charts are automatically generated; Personalized treatment plan generation module: records and stores treatment plan adjustments, supporting the retrospective analysis of a patient's "initial treatment plan → adjusted treatment plan" evolution; Data processing and analysis module: Based on stored data from 150 patients, optimize the weights of the nutritional risk assessment algorithm. Implementation effect

[0035] Efficiency Improvement: Data retrieval time has been reduced from 30 minutes per case for traditional paper records to 1 minute per case, an efficiency improvement of 95%; Data security: No data leakage of 150 patients within 6 months.

[0036] This comparative study provides a traditional perioperative nutritional supplementation plan for esophageal cancer patients, including the following: Traditional solution: Without system module support, it adopts a "fixed formula + empirical adjustments" approach: All patients are given a nutritional formula containing 20% ​​protein, 55% carbohydrates, and 25% fat, with energy supply calculated according to a fixed standard of 25 kcal / kg / day. There is no real-time nutritional metabolism monitoring. Nutritional supplement dosage is adjusted manually only when the patient experiences severe abdominal distension (occurring more than 3 times a day) or hypoglycemia (blood glucose <3.9mmol / L), with an adjustment interval of ≥48 hours (without algorithm support, relying on the experience of medical staff). Target audience: Forty esophageal cancer patients with baselines consistent with those in Examples 1-4 were selected, including 10 patients in stage I, 15 patients in stage II, and 15 patients in stage III. The proportion of comorbidities (diabetes, abnormal liver and kidney function, etc.) was consistent with that in Examples 1-4 to ensure fair comparison conditions. Key Indicator Comparison: The results of comparing the core clinical indicators of the system of the present invention (average data from Examples 1-4) with those of traditional protocols are as follows: Time to achieve nutritional targets: The time to achieve nutritional targets in this system is 7.5 days, while the traditional plan is 13.2 days, which is 43.2% shorter in this system than in the traditional plan. Postoperative complication rate: The postoperative complication rate of this system was 7.8%, while that of the traditional method was 31.5%, representing a 75.2% reduction compared to the traditional method. Patient intolerance rate: The patient intolerance rate of this system was 4.5%, while that of the traditional regimen was 22.3%, representing a 79.8% reduction compared to the traditional regimen. Preoperative muscle mass improvement rate: The preoperative muscle mass improvement rate of this system is 3.8%, while that of the traditional method is only 0.6%, which is 533.3% higher than that of the traditional method.

[0037] Compared with Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1, the present invention and the conventional solution are compared as follows: Examples 1-5 are based on the "Personalized Nutritional Supplementation System for the Perioperative Period of Esophageal Cancer Based on Nutritional Metabolism Monitoring", covering different clinical scenarios of esophageal cancer. Compared with Comparative Example 1, which uses a traditional fixed nutrition plan, it shows significant advantages in terms of applicability, nutritional accuracy, dynamic adjustment capability, complication control and management efficiency.

[0038] In terms of applicable scenarios, Examples 1-4 comprehensively cover different stages of esophageal cancer (early stage I, intermediate stage II, and advanced stage III), comorbidities (no comorbidities, type 2 diabetes, and abnormal liver and kidney function), perioperative stages (preoperative preparation period, intraoperative stress period, and postoperative recovery period), and special complications (postoperative dysphagia). Example 5 also extends to clinical data management. In contrast, Comparative Example 1 uses a fixed formula of "20% protein, 55% carbohydrates, and 25% fat," which does not take into account the differences in patient stage, comorbidities, and treatment stages. It is only applicable to simple cases without special circumstances, and its scope of application is narrow.

[0039] In terms of nutritional precision, Examples 1-4 all collected individual indicators (such as muscle mass and resting energy expenditure in Example 1, and blood glucose and albumin in Example 2) through a nutritional metabolism monitoring module (non-invasive and invasive). Combined with the data processing and analysis module, nutritional risk scores were calculated (11.8 points in Example 1, 5.2 points in Example 2, and 6.8 points in Example 3) to generate personalized plans: Example 1 set a protein ratio of 22% for preoperative reserves; Example 2 used low-GI carbohydrates to control blood glucose; Example 3 used medium-chain triglycerides to reduce the burden on the liver and kidneys; and Example 4 solved swallowing difficulties through an oral auxiliary subunit (temperature regulation and dose segmentation). In contrast, Comparative Example 1 had no monitoring and supplied energy at a fixed "25kcal / kg / d", which could not match individual nutritional needs and was prone to insufficient or overload.

[0040] Regarding dynamic adjustment capabilities, the examples rely on a closed-loop adjustment module for real-time response: In Example 2, due to slow albumin increase postoperatively, the enteral preparation was changed to a high-protein, low-osmolarity type; in Example 3, due to elevated triglycerides during surgery, the fat percentage was reduced from 18% to 15%, and the indicators improved within 48 hours after the adjustment; in Comparative Example 1, adjustments were made manually only when the patient experienced severe abdominal distension (>3 times / day) or hypoglycemia, with an interval of ≥48 hours, resulting in a delayed response and reliance on experience, making it impossible to correct nutritional deviations in a timely manner.

[0041] Regarding complication control and recovery, in Example 1, the postoperative flatus time was shortened by 12 hours and the hospital stay was shortened by 2 days; in Example 2, there was no hyperglycemic ketoacidosis; in Example 3, there were no liver or kidney complications; and in Example 4, there was no pulmonary infection. The overall postoperative complication rate was 7.8%, the patient intolerance rate was 4.5%, and the preoperative muscle mass improvement rate was 3.8%. In contrast, in Comparative Example 1, the complication rate was 31.5%, the intolerance rate was 22.3%, the preoperative muscle mass improvement rate was only 0.6%, and the recovery period was longer.

[0042] In terms of management efficiency and security, Example 5 reduces data retrieval time from the traditional 30 minutes / case to 1 minute / case through the data storage and traceability module, and AES-256 encryption ensures data security; Comparative Example 1 relies on paper records, which has low retrieval efficiency and poses a risk of data leakage.

[0043] In summary, Examples 1-5 achieve precise, individualized, and intelligent perioperative nutritional supplementation for esophageal cancer through a full-process design of "monitoring-analysis-personalized plan-dynamic adjustment-data management." In contrast, the fixed plan in Comparative Example 1 lacks individual adaptability and dynamic response capabilities, making it difficult to meet diverse clinical needs and highlighting the clinical value of this system.

[0044] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or other arbitrary combinations. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0046] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

[0048] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring, characterized in that, include: The nutritional metabolism monitoring module is used to collect data on nutritional metabolism-related indicators in esophageal cancer patients during the perioperative period. The patient information entry module is used to input the patient's basic individual information, esophageal cancer information, and comorbidity information; The data processing and analysis module establishes communication connections with the nutritional metabolism monitoring module and the patient information entry module, respectively, to receive nutritional metabolism-related indicator data and individual patient information, compare the nutritional metabolism-related indicator data with the reference range of perioperative nutritional metabolism standards for esophageal cancer, and conduct multi-dimensional data correlation analysis in combination with individual patient information. The multi-dimensional data correlation analysis includes nutritional metabolism indicator dimensions, patient individual basic information dimensions, esophageal cancer disease information dimensions, and comorbidity information dimensions to identify the patient's nutritional abnormality type and nutritional risk level. The personalized nutrition plan generation module establishes a communication connection with the data processing and analysis module, and is used to generate personalized nutrition plans based on the data processing and analysis results and the nutritional needs of different stages of the perioperative period of esophageal cancer. The nutrition supplementation execution module establishes a communication connection with the personalized nutrition plan generation module, and is used to perform nutrition supplementation operations according to the personalized nutrition plan, and collect patient tolerance data in real time during the nutrition supplementation process. The closed-loop adjustment module establishes communication connections with the nutrition supplementation execution module and the data processing and analysis module, respectively, to feed back the patient tolerance data to the data processing and analysis module, triggering the data processing and analysis module to reassess the patient's nutritional status. If the nutritional indicators do not meet expectations or the patient has poor tolerance, the personalized nutrition plan generation module is driven to dynamically adjust the nutrition plan.

2. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nutritional metabolism monitoring module collects data on esophageal cancer patients during the perioperative period, including 1-4 weeks before surgery, during surgery, and 1-4 weeks after surgery. The nutritional metabolism-related indicators include protein metabolism indicators, energy metabolism indicators, carbohydrate metabolism indicators, fat metabolism indicators, and body composition indicators. Among them, protein metabolism indicators are albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin; energy metabolism indicators are resting energy expenditure and metabolic rate; carbohydrate metabolism indicators are fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose; fat metabolism indicators are triglycerides and total cholesterol; and body composition indicators are muscle mass, fat mass, and body fat percentage. The patient information entry module inputs basic individual information including age, gender, height, weight, and BMI; esophageal cancer disease information including pathological stage, tumor location, and surgical method; and comorbidity information including diabetes, hypertension, and abnormal liver and kidney function. The data processing and analysis module identifies nutritional abnormality types including protein deficiency, energy deficiency, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, and muscle loss, and nutritional risk levels including low risk, medium risk, and high risk.

3. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The personalized nutrition plan generation module integrates different stages of the perioperative period for esophageal cancer, including the preoperative preparation period, the intraoperative stress period, and the postoperative recovery period. The personalized nutrition plan includes the nutritional component ratio, daily nutritional intake, nutritional supplementation route and nutritional supplementation frequency. The nutritional component ratio is 15%-30% protein, 45%-60% carbohydrates and 20%-35% fat. The nutritional supplementation routes include oral nutritional preparations, enteral nutrition infusion and parenteral nutrition support. The patient tolerance data collected by the nutrition supplementation execution module includes food intake and whether abdominal distension, diarrhea, or vomiting occurs. The dynamic adjustment content of the closed-loop adjustment module includes adjusting the nutritional component ratio, nutritional supplementation route, and single nutritional supplementation dosage of the personalized nutrition plan.

4. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nutritional metabolism monitoring module includes a non-invasive monitoring unit and an invasive monitoring unit; The non-invasive monitoring unit collects body composition indicators through a bioelectrical impedance analyzer and collects resting energy consumption and metabolic rate through an indirect calorimetry energy metabolism analyzer. The invasive monitoring unit collects venous blood samples from patients and uses a fully automated biochemical analyzer to detect albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose levels. It also uses a portable blood glucose meter to collect 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels.

5. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing and analysis module has a built-in nutritional risk assessment algorithm. The algorithm calculates a nutritional risk score based on the degree to which the patient's nutritional metabolic indicators deviate from the standard reference range, the severity of esophageal cancer, and the weight of comorbidities. The nutritional risk level is divided according to the score: low risk corresponds to a score <3 points, medium risk corresponds to a score 3 ≤ score <6 points, and high risk corresponds to a score ≥6 points.

6. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The personalized nutrition plan generation module combines the nutritional needs of different stages of the perioperative period for esophageal cancer, including the preoperative preparation period, the intraoperative stress period, the postoperative recovery period, and individual patient data to generate personalized plans. Among them, the preoperative preparation period aims to increase protein and energy reserves, with a protein intake of 1.2-1.5g / kg / day; the intraoperative stress period aims to maintain basal metabolism and organ function, with an energy supply of 25-30kcal / kg / day; and the postoperative recovery period aims to promote tissue repair and muscle synthesis, with a protein intake of 1.5-2.0g / kg / day.

7. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrition supplementation execution module includes an intelligent infusion subunit and an oral assistance subunit; The intelligent infusion subunit is used for enteral and parenteral nutrition infusion. It can set the infusion rate and infusion time according to the nutrition plan. The infusion rate range is 50-150ml / h. At the same time, it monitors the infusion pressure in real time. If the pressure exceeds the threshold and indicates pipeline blockage, it will automatically stop and issue an alarm. The oral support subunit is used to assist patients with dysphagia in taking oral nutritional preparations. It is equipped with a temperature regulation function and a dose division function. The temperature regulation function controls the temperature of the preparation at 37-40℃, and the dose division function divides a single dose into 3-5 small doses.

8. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a data storage and traceability module; The data storage and traceability module establishes a communication connection with the data processing and analysis module to store the patient's nutritional metabolism monitoring data throughout the entire process, personalized nutrition plans, plan adjustment records, and patient tolerance data. The stored data supports retrieval and export by time dimension and indicator type. The time dimension includes daily and weekly, and the indicator type includes protein metabolism and energy metabolism. The data storage complies with medical data security standards, specifically adopting encrypted storage and hierarchical access control.

9. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop adjustment module is set with adjustment trigger conditions: when the patient's key nutritional indicators fail to reach 80% of the stage target value in two consecutive monitoring sessions, or when the patient's tolerance data shows ≥2 episodes of abdominal distension or diarrhea, the program adjustment process is automatically triggered; the key nutritional indicators include albumin, resting energy expenditure, and muscle mass.

10. The personalized perioperative nutritional supplementation system for esophageal cancer based on nutritional metabolism monitoring as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The adjusted nutrition plan must be verified by the data processing and analysis module to be in line with the patient's current nutritional status before it can be executed by the nutrition supplementation execution module.

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