Fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation equipment and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell membrane electrode and a preparation device and method thereof. The catalyst layer is arranged on at least one side of the proton exchange membrane, the catalyst layer comprises a plurality of catalytic units, the catalytic units are distributed on the proton exchange membrane in an array mode, and in the catalytic units in the same row, every two adjacent catalytic units are partially overlapped, and every two adjacent rows of catalytic units are partially overlapped. The synergistic improvement of reaction kinetics, mass transfer efficiency and mechanical stability can be realized, and the power density, operation efficiency and long-term reliability of the membrane electrode are remarkably improved. Moreover, the preparation equipment introduces a pulse spraying technology, can be matched with production of membrane electrodes with different shapes and sizes, and can realize flexible manufacturing of the membrane electrodes with different shapes and sizes without inputting new tools or molds compared with common spraying and slit coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically to a fuel cell membrane electrode and its preparation equipment and method. Background Technology

[0002] A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a power generation device that directly, efficiently, and cleanly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the core site where the electrochemical reaction occurs, and its performance directly determines the power density, efficiency, and durability of the fuel cell. A typical MEA mainly consists of a proton exchange membrane, catalyst layers on both sides, and an outer gas diffusion layer. Currently, the mainstream technology in the industry is catalyst coating membrane technology, which involves uniformly coating both sides of the proton exchange membrane with a slurry containing electrocatalysts, ionomers, and solvents through methods such as slot coating or spraying, forming a continuous, flat, and relatively homogeneous thin-layer catalyst.

[0003] However, this traditional planar thin-layer structure has gradually revealed its inherent limitations in the pursuit of higher performance. First, at the electrochemical reaction level, its effective reaction area is severely constrained by the two-dimensional planar geometry. Catalytic reactions only occur at the "three-phase interface" where the catalyst, ionomer, and reactant gas come into contact. In planar thin layers, most catalyst particles are encapsulated or buried by ionomers, and the actual effective three-phase interface area participating in the reaction is far lower than the theoretical surface area of ​​the catalyst.

[0004] Secondly, at the mass transport level, multiple functions within the flat, thin-layer structure are coupled and constrained. Ionomers introduced to construct a continuous proton conduction network partially block the pores required for gas diffusion; simultaneously, water generated during the cathode reaction is difficult to drain quickly from this homogeneous, disordered microporous structure, easily leading to localized blockages. This is especially problematic during high current density operation, which can cause severe mass transfer polarization and limit battery performance.

[0005] Furthermore, in terms of mechanical durability, the continuous and smooth coating is attached to the proton exchange membrane as a single thin film. Under the wet-dry cycle and thermal stress experienced by the battery during start-up and shutdown and variable load operation, the interfacial stress between the coating and the substrate due to the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion is relatively concentrated. Under long-term action, this can easily lead to the generation and propagation of microcracks in the coating, and even cause delamination between the coating and the proton exchange membrane, directly affecting the long-term operational stability of the membrane electrode. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of small reaction area, low mass transport efficiency, and low structural strength of catalyst layers with flat thin-layer structures in the prior art, this invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode and its preparation equipment and method, which can increase the reaction area of ​​the catalyst layer, optimize mass transport efficiency, and enhance the strength of the catalyst layer.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode, comprising: a proton exchange membrane; and a catalyst layer disposed on at least one side of the proton exchange membrane, the catalyst layer comprising a plurality of catalyst units arranged in an array on the proton exchange membrane, wherein adjacent two catalyst units in the same row partially overlap, and adjacent two rows of catalyst units partially overlap.

[0008] The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) provided by this invention constructs a catalyst layer on the surface of a proton exchange membrane, consisting of arrayed and partially overlapping catalytic units, forming a continuous and interwoven three-dimensional structure. The three-dimensional stacking and overlapping design of the catalytic units effectively increases the active area of ​​contact between the catalyst, ionomers, and reactant gases, improving reaction efficiency. Simultaneously, this design optimizes gas diffusion channels and proton conduction paths, promoting the removal of water, a reaction product, thereby reducing mass transfer polarization and increasing the battery's power density. Furthermore, the partial overlap of the catalytic units creates mechanical interlocking and gives the entire catalyst layer a certain degree of flexibility, effectively dispersing and absorbing interfacial shear stress generated during start-up, shutdown, and wet-heat cycling, suppressing catalyst layer cracking and spalling. This invention achieves a synergistic improvement in reaction kinetics, mass transfer efficiency, and mechanical stability without increasing the amount of precious metals used, significantly improving the power density, operating efficiency, and long-term reliability of the MEA.

[0009] Preferably, in the same row of catalytic units, the overlap area of ​​two adjacent catalytic units is 8% to 10% of the area of ​​a single catalytic unit; the overlap area of ​​two adjacent rows of catalytic units is 8% to 10% of the area of ​​a single row of catalytic units. This allows for a more uniform thickness of the catalyst layer, while ensuring that adjacent catalytic units can form a stable interlock to maintain a continuous proton conduction and electron conduction network, and also retain sufficient gaps to ensure efficient diffusion of reactant gases and smooth discharge of generated water.

[0010] Preferably, the area of ​​a single catalytic unit is in the range of 0.8 cm². 2 Up to 1.5cm 2 The size range between [specific dimensions] avoids insufficient spraying precision due to an excessively small catalyst unit area. Moreover, this size range allows the overall structure of the catalyst layer to have good flexibility and stress dispersion capabilities, enabling it to adapt well to deformation during operation, thereby significantly improving the mechanical durability of the membrane electrode.

[0011] Preferably, the catalyst unit is circular. The absence of sharp edges ensures that stress is evenly diffused along the tangential direction, avoiding stress concentration caused by sharp angles and thus improving the catalyst layer's resistance to cracking. Furthermore, the circular shape is relatively symmetrical, making it easier to control the spraying position and overlap area of ​​the circular catalyst unit during large-scale production, thus ensuring structural consistency.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides a fuel cell membrane electrode preparation apparatus for preparing the aforementioned fuel cell membrane electrode, comprising: a slurry supply system including a slurry cylinder, a delivery pipe and a slurry pump disposed on the delivery pipe; a pulse spraying system including at least one pulse nozzle, the pulse nozzle being connected to the slurry cylinder through the delivery pipe and configured to spray slurry in an intermittent spray manner; and a roll material transport system including an unwinding roller, a traction roller and a take-up roller arranged sequentially along a roll material transport path, the pulse nozzle being disposed above the roll material transport path.

[0013] In the fuel cell membrane electrode preparation equipment provided by this invention, during production, the unwinding roller continuously releases the proton exchange membrane roll, which smoothly passes under the pulse spraying system along the transport path under the uniform traction of the traction roller. At the same time, the slurry supply system accurately delivers the slurry containing catalyst and ionomer to the pulse nozzle through the delivery pipe via the slurry pump. The pulse nozzle performs intermittent spraying according to a preset frequency and sequence, so that the slurry is accurately deposited on the moving roll surface in the form of discrete droplets. By controlling the spraying parameters, roll speed and pulse mode, a coating composed of arrayed and partially overlapping catalytic units is formed on the roll surface. The sprayed roll is finally collected by the take-up roller, thereby realizing the continuous and large-scale preparation of the membrane electrode.

[0014] Preferably, the assembly further includes: a heating roller disposed below the pulse nozzle for contacting the back side of the roll material; and an oven disposed downstream of the heating roller for air-drying and curing the roll material dried by the heating roller. The heating roller on the back side of the roll material can quickly and uniformly perform initial drying of the freshly deposited wet coating, allowing the catalytic units to form a relatively tight initial contact with the roll material surface, while preventing overlapping catalytic units from completely fusing; subsequently, the oven uses hot air convection to air-dry the catalytic units on the roll material surface, allowing the catalytic units to completely cure and form a catalyst layer.

[0015] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for use in the aforementioned fuel cell MEA preparation equipment, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing a slurry and mounting a proton exchange membrane roll onto the unwinding roller, while fixing one end of the roll to the take-up roller; S2: the slurry pump pumps the slurry to the pulse nozzle, and the pulse nozzle intermittently sprays the slurry onto the first surface of the moving roll; wherein, by controlling the pulse spray frequency of the pulse nozzle and the relative movement between the pulse nozzle and the roll, the sprayed slurry forms multiple arrayed slurry units on the roll, wherein adjacent slurry units in the same row partially overlap, and adjacent rows of slurry units partially overlap; S3: heating and drying the roll coated with slurry to solidify the slurry units into the catalyst units, thereby forming the catalyst layer.

[0016] Preferably, the method further includes: S4: transferring the roll material coated on the first surface from the take-up roller to the unwind roller, so that the second surface of the roll material faces upward; S5: forming the catalyst layer on the second surface of the roll material using the same method as in steps S2 and S3, thereby obtaining a membrane electrode roll material coated with the catalyst layer on both sides.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the moving speed of the roll material ranges from 0.5 m / min to 5 m / min; the slurry supply speed ranges from 0.5 mL / min to 50 mL / min; the single pulse conduction time of the pulse nozzle ranges from 0.0001 s to 0.01 s, and the single pulse disconnection time ranges from 0.0001 s to 0.02 s. By controlling the moving speed of the roll material and the slurry supply speed, it can be ensured that the slurry can form independent catalytic units in sufficient quantity, without excessive flow or merging with other catalytic unit slurries. Under a given moving speed of the roll material and slurry supply speed, controlling the pulse frequency of the pulse nozzle can precisely control the overlap area of ​​the catalytic unit slurry within 8% to 10%.

[0018] Preferably, the heating temperature range of the heating roller is between 60°C and 95°C; the oven is provided with a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone located downstream of the first temperature zone, the temperature range of the first temperature zone being between 50°C and 80°C, and the temperature range of the second temperature zone being between 70°C and 110°C. Setting the temperature of the heating roller between 60°C and 95°C allows for rapid and gentle initial drying of the freshly deposited wet slurry, avoiding shrinkage and internal stress caused by rapid drying of the wet slurry. Setting the first and second temperature zones, with the temperature range of the first zone between 50°C and 80°C, allows for continuous and gradual removal of residual moisture from the slurry, ensuring the density and uniformity of the catalytic unit coating; slightly increasing the temperature range of the second temperature zone to between 70°C and 110°C allows for thorough drying of the catalytic unit.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. A catalyst layer composed of arrayed and partially overlapping catalytic units is constructed on the surface of a proton exchange membrane, forming a continuous and interwoven three-dimensional structure. This design effectively increases the active area of ​​the catalyst, ionomers, and reactant gases, improving reaction efficiency. Simultaneously, it optimizes gas diffusion channels and proton conduction paths, promoting the removal of water, a reaction product, thereby reducing mass transfer polarization and increasing the battery's power density. Furthermore, the partial overlap of the catalytic units creates mechanical interlocking and gives the entire catalyst layer a degree of flexibility, effectively dispersing and absorbing interfacial shear stress generated during start-up, shutdown, and wet-heat cycling, suppressing catalyst layer cracking and spalling. This invention achieves a synergistic improvement in reaction kinetics, mass transfer efficiency, and mechanical stability without increasing the amount of precious metals used, significantly improving the power density, operating efficiency, and long-term reliability of the membrane electrode assembly.

[0020] 2. The preparation equipment of the present invention introduces pulse spraying technology, which can be matched with the production of membrane electrodes of different shapes and sizes. Compared with ordinary spraying and slot coating, the present invention can realize the flexible manufacturing of membrane electrodes of different shapes and sizes without investing in new tooling or molds. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell membrane electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst layer structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell membrane electrode fabrication device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Proton exchange membrane; 2. Catalyst layer; 201. Catalytic unit; 3. Slurry cylinder; 4. Conveying pipe; 5. Slurry pump; 6. Pulse nozzle; 7. Unwinding roller; 8. Traction roller; 9. Rewinding roller; 10. Heating roller; 11. Oven; 12. First quality detector; 13. Second quality detector; 14. Roll material. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a first aspect, a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly is provided, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a proton exchange membrane 1; two catalyst layers 2, respectively disposed on both sides of the proton exchange membrane 1. The catalyst layer 2 includes a plurality of catalyst units 201, which are arrayed on the proton exchange membrane 1. In the same row of catalyst units 201, there is partial overlap between two adjacent catalyst units 201 and between two adjacent rows of catalyst units 201.

[0027] The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) provided in this embodiment constructs a catalyst layer 2 on the surface of the proton exchange membrane 1, consisting of arrayed and partially overlapping catalytic units 201, forming a continuous and interwoven three-dimensional structure. The three-dimensional stacking and overlapping design of the catalytic units 201 effectively increases the active area of ​​contact between the catalyst, ionomers, and reactant gases, improving reaction efficiency. Simultaneously, this design optimizes gas diffusion channels and proton conduction paths, promoting the removal of water, a reaction product, thereby reducing mass transfer polarization and increasing the battery's power density. Furthermore, the partial overlap of the catalytic units 201 forms a mechanical interlock and gives the entire catalyst layer 2 a certain degree of flexibility, effectively dispersing and absorbing interfacial shear stress generated during start-up, shutdown, and wet-heat cycling, suppressing cracking and peeling of the catalyst layer 2. This invention achieves a synergistic improvement in reaction kinetics, mass transfer efficiency, and mechanical stability without increasing the amount of precious metals used, significantly improving the power density, operating efficiency, and long-term reliability of the membrane electrode assembly.

[0028] Furthermore, within the same row of catalytic units 201, the overlap area of ​​two adjacent catalytic units 201 is 8% to 10% of the area of ​​a single catalytic unit 201; the overlap area of ​​two adjacent rows of catalytic units 201 is 8% to 10% of the area of ​​a single row of catalytic units 201. This allows for a more uniform thickness of the catalyst layer 2, while ensuring that adjacent catalytic units 201 can form a stable interlock to maintain a continuous proton conduction and electron conduction network, while also retaining sufficient gaps to ensure efficient diffusion of reactant gases and smooth discharge of generated water.

[0029] Furthermore, the area of ​​a single catalytic unit 201 ranges from 0.8 cm². 2 Up to 1.5cm 2 The size range avoids insufficient spraying precision caused by an excessively small area of ​​the catalyst unit 201. Moreover, this size range allows the overall structure of the catalyst layer 2 to have good flexibility and stress dispersion capabilities, enabling it to adapt well to deformation during operation, thereby significantly improving the mechanical durability of the membrane electrode.

[0030] Furthermore, the catalyst unit 201 is circular. The absence of sharp edges ensures that stress is evenly diffused along the tangential direction, avoiding stress concentration caused by sharp angles, thereby improving the crack resistance of the catalyst layer 2. Moreover, the circular shape is relatively symmetrical, making it easier to control the spraying position and overlap area of ​​the circular catalyst unit 201 during mass production, thus ensuring structural consistency.

[0031] Secondly, a fuel cell membrane electrode preparation apparatus is also provided, used to prepare the aforementioned fuel cell membrane electrode, combined with... Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes: a slurry supply system, including a slurry cylinder 3, a delivery pipe 4, and a slurry pump 5 disposed on the delivery pipe 4; a pulse spraying system, including at least one pulse nozzle 6, the pulse nozzle 6 being connected to the slurry cylinder 3 through the delivery pipe 4, and the pulse nozzle 6 being configured to spray slurry in an intermittent spray manner; and a roll 14 conveying system, including an unwinding roller 7, a traction roller 8, and a take-up roller 9 arranged sequentially along the roll 14 conveying path, with the pulse nozzle 6 disposed above the roll 14 conveying path.

[0032] In the fuel cell membrane electrode preparation equipment provided by this invention, during production, the unwinding roller 7 continuously releases the proton exchange membrane 1 roll 14, which smoothly passes under the pulse spraying system along the transmission path under the uniform traction of the traction roller 8. At the same time, the slurry supply system delivers the slurry containing the catalyst and ionomer through the slurry pump 5 and the conveying pipe 4 to the pulse nozzle 6. The pulse nozzle 6 performs intermittent spraying according to a preset frequency and sequence, so that the slurry is precisely deposited on the surface of the moving roll 14 in the form of discrete droplets. By controlling the spraying parameters, the speed of the roll 14 and the pulse mode, a coating composed of arrayed and partially overlapping catalytic units 201 is formed on the surface of the roll 14. The coated roll 14 is finally collected by the take-up roller 9, thereby realizing the continuous and large-scale preparation of the membrane electrode.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes: a heating roller 10, disposed below the pulse nozzle 6, for contacting the back side of the roll 14; and an oven 11, disposed downstream of the heating roller 10, for air-drying and curing the roll 14 after it has been dried by the heating roller 10. The heating roller 10 on the back side of the roll 14 can quickly and uniformly perform initial drying of the freshly deposited wet coating slurry, so that the catalytic unit 201 forms a relatively tight initial contact with the surface of the roll 14, while avoiding complete fusion of overlapping catalytic units 201; subsequently, the oven 11 uses hot air convection to air-dry the catalytic units 201 on the surface of the roll 14, so that the catalytic units 201 are completely cured to form the catalyst layer 2.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes an online quality inspection system, which includes a first quality detector 12 and a second quality detector 13. The first quality detector 12 is located on the transport path of the roll 14, downstream of the unwinding roller 7 and upstream of the traction roller 8. The second quality detector 13 is located on the transport path of the roll 14, downstream of the oven 11 and upstream of the winding roller 9, and is used to detect the surface quality, dimensions and platinum loading of the finished product.

[0035] Thirdly, a method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode is also provided, which is used in the aforementioned fuel cell membrane electrode preparation equipment, combined with... Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Prepare a slurry and install the proton exchange membrane 1 roll 14 onto the unwinding roller 7, while fixing one end of the roll 14 to the take-up roller 9; S2: The slurry pump 5 delivers the slurry to the pulse nozzle 6, and the pulse nozzle 6 intermittently sprays the slurry onto the first surface of the moving roll 14; wherein, by controlling the pulse spraying frequency of the pulse nozzle 6 and the relative movement between the pulse nozzle 6 and the roll 14, the sprayed slurry forms multiple slurry units distributed in an array on the roll 14, with partial overlap between two adjacent slurry units in the same row and partial overlap between two adjacent rows of slurry units; S3: Heat and dry the roll 14 coated with slurry to solidify the slurry units into catalyst units 201, thereby forming the catalyst layer 2.

[0036] Further, in step S1, the slurry preparation steps include: S11: Weighing and mixing the catalyst, deionized water, resin, and alcohol / water solvent according to the ratio using an electronic balance (accuracy ≥ 0.001g) to obtain the original slurry; S12: Shearing and dispersing the original slurry for 30 to 40 minutes under ice bath conditions; S13: Grinding and dispersing the sheared slurry for 20 to 30 minutes at an environment of 10 to 20°C, wherein the diameter of the zirconia beads being ground is between 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm; S14: Vacuum degassing treatment of the prepared slurry for 5 to 10 minutes to obtain catalyst layer 2 slurry.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes: S4: transferring the roll 14 coated on the first surface from the take-up roller 9 to the unwind roller 7, so that the second surface of the roll 14 faces upward; S5: forming a catalyst layer 2 on the second surface of the roll 14 using the same method as steps S2 and S3, thereby obtaining a membrane electrode roll coated with the catalyst layer 2 on both sides.

[0038] Further, in step S2, the moving speed of the roll 14 ranges from 0.5 m / min to 5 m / min; the slurry supply speed ranges from 0.5 mL / min to 50 mL / min; the single pulse conduction time of the pulse nozzle 6 ranges from 0.0001 s to 0.01 s, and the single pulse disconnection time ranges from 0.0001 s to 0.02 s. By controlling the moving speed of the roll 14 and the slurry supply speed, it can be ensured that the slurry can form independent catalytic units 201 in sufficient quantity, without excessive flow or fusion with other catalytic unit 201 slurries. Under the given moving speed of the roll 14 and the slurry supply speed, controlling the pulse frequency of the pulse nozzle 6 can precisely control the overlap area of ​​the catalytic unit 201 slurry within 8% to 10%.

[0039] Furthermore, the heating temperature range of the heating roller 10 is between 60°C and 95°C; a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone located downstream of the first temperature zone are provided in the oven 11. The temperature range of the first temperature zone is between 50°C and 80°C, and the temperature range of the second temperature zone is between 70°C and 110°C. Setting the temperature of the heating roller 10 between 60°C and 95°C allows for rapid and gentle initial drying of the freshly deposited wet slurry, avoiding shrinkage and internal stress caused by rapid drying of the wet slurry. Setting the first and second temperature zones, with the temperature range of the first temperature zone between 50°C and 80°C, allows for the continuous and gradual removal of residual moisture from the slurry, ensuring the density and uniformity of the coating of the catalyst unit 201; slightly increasing the temperature range of the second temperature zone to between 70°C and 110°C allows for the thorough drying of the catalyst unit 201.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, characterized in that, include: Proton exchange membrane (1); A catalyst layer (2) is disposed on at least one side of the proton exchange membrane (1). The catalyst layer (2) includes a plurality of catalyst units (201). The catalyst units (201) are arranged in an array on the proton exchange membrane (1). In the same row of catalyst units (201), there is partial overlap between two adjacent catalyst units (201) and between two adjacent rows of catalyst units (201).

2. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the same row of catalyst units (201), the overlap area of ​​two adjacent catalyst units (201) is 8% to 10% of the area of ​​a single catalyst unit (201); the overlap area of ​​two adjacent rows of catalyst units (201) is 8% to 10% of the area of ​​a single row of catalyst units (201).

3. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​a single catalytic unit (201) ranges from 0.8 cm². 2 Up to 1.5cm 2 between.

4. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalytic unit (201) is circular.

5. A fuel cell membrane electrode preparation apparatus, used to prepare the fuel cell membrane electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: The slurry supply system includes a slurry cylinder (3), a conveying pipe (4), and a slurry pump (5) installed on the conveying pipe (4); A pulse spraying system includes at least one pulse nozzle (6), which is connected to the slurry cylinder (3) via the delivery pipe (4), and the pulse nozzle (6) is configured to spray slurry in an intermittent manner; The roll material (14) transport system includes an unwinding roller (7), a traction roller (8) and a take-up roller (9) arranged sequentially along the roll material (14) transport path, and the pulse nozzle (6) is arranged above the roll material (14) transport path.

6. The fuel cell membrane electrode preparation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A heating roller (10) is disposed below the pulse nozzle (6) for contacting the back side of the roll material (14); An oven (11) is located downstream of the heating roller (10) and is used to air-dry and cure the roll material (14) that has been dried by the heating roller (10).

7. A method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, used in the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly apparatus of claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the slurry and install the proton exchange membrane (1) roll (14) onto the unwinding roller (7), while fixing one end of the roll (14) to the winding roller (9); S2: The slurry pump (5) delivers slurry to the pulse nozzle (6), and the pulse nozzle (6) intermittently sprays slurry onto the first surface of the moving roll (14); wherein, by controlling the pulse spray frequency of the pulse nozzle (6) and the relative movement of the pulse nozzle (6) and the roll (14), the sprayed slurry forms multiple arrayed slurry units on the roll (14), in the same row of slurry units, there is partial overlap between two adjacent slurry units, and there is partial overlap between two adjacent rows of slurry units; S3: The roll material (14) coated with slurry is heated and dried to solidify the slurry unit into the catalyst unit (201), thereby forming the catalyst layer (2).

8. The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: S4: The roll material (14) with the first surface sprayed is transferred from the take-up roller (9) to the unwind roller (7) so that the second surface of the roll material (14) faces upward; S5: Using the same method as steps S2 and S3, the catalyst layer (2) is formed on the second surface of the roll (14) to obtain a membrane electrode roll coated with the catalyst layer (2) on both sides.

9. The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the moving speed of the roll (14) is between 0.5 m / min and 5 m / min; the slurry supply speed is between 0.5 mL / min and 50 mL / min; the single pulse conduction time of the pulse nozzle (6) is between 0.0001 s and 0.01 s, and the single pulse disconnection time is between 0.0001 s and 0.02 s.

10. The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heating temperature range of the heating roller (10) is between 60°C and 95°C; a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone located downstream of the first temperature zone are provided in the oven (11), the temperature range of the first temperature zone is between 50°C and 80°C, and the temperature range of the second temperature zone is between 70°C and 110°C.

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