Cable branch box and heat dissipation method of cable branch box

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cable branch boxes, and discloses a cable branch box and a heat dissipation method of the cable branch box. According to the cable branch box, the heat dissipation window set is arranged on the side wall of the box body and / or the rear plate of the box body, and the heat dissipation window set comprises the dustproof net, the fan assembly and the water retaining piece which are sequentially installed from outside to inside, so that the protection grade of the cable branch box is ensured while the heat dissipation effect is ensured; the fan assembly is provided with a shutter capable of being opened and closed through rotation and a cooling fan, the cooling fan is responsible for generating air flow, the shutter is responsible for controlling opening and closing of a window, and the shutter comprises a base, a shutter piece set and a shutter frame body which are sequentially installed. The two ends of a cylindrical sliding rod arranged on the shutter piece set are connected with the shutter frame and the base in a matched mode respectively, the fan assembly further comprises a control module, and the control module responds to the internal temperature to control starting and stopping of the cooling fan and control opening and closing of the shutter so as to achieve efficient heat dissipation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cable branch boxes, in particular to a cable branch box and a heat dissipation method of the cable branch box. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cable branch box is used for cable tapping or switching, mainly plays a cable tapping role and a cable switching role, and in the operation practice of power equipment, a significant technical bottleneck exists in the existing cable branch box switching device manufactured by sheet molding compound (SMC): when the device is in a load running state, the core electrical connection part will show a persistent heat accumulation phenomenon. In particular, when the branch box complete device temperature rise type test is performed, this problem is particularly prominent. Due to the contact resistance effect of the switching contact, busbar connection and other key nodes, the joule heat generated under the rated current and overload working condition cannot be effectively dissipated, resulting in that the local temperature rise of the device exceeds the temperature rise limit value specified in the standard.

[0003] Firstly, although the SMC material has excellent insulation performance and mechanical strength, its intrinsic thermal conductivity is only 0.3-0.5 W / (m·K), which is much lower than the heat dissipation capacity of metal materials, forming a natural heat conduction barrier; secondly, the traditional branch box structure design does not fully consider the optimization of heat flow path, and there is a breakpoint in the heat conduction path from the heat source to the surface of the box, resulting in a heat retention effect in the closed cavity; thirdly, under the complex working condition of multiple branch circuits in parallel, the uneven distribution of current will exacerbate local overheating, especially when the ambient temperature exceeds 40℃ in summer, the combined thermal effect may trigger the thermal protection mechanism of the device, and even cause accelerated aging of the insulation material and other secondary problems.

[0004] However, the existing technical solutions have obvious limitations: some manufacturers try to improve heat dissipation by adding heat sinks or opening vents, but due to the molding process of SMC material, the additional heat dissipation structure often damages the sealing of the box, resulting in a decrease in IP protection level; another solution uses passive phase change materials for heat buffering, but under continuous high load working conditions, the heat storage capacity of the phase change material quickly reaches saturation, and a stable heat regulation mechanism cannot be formed. These technical shortcomings are exposed in the type test of the third party testing institution, often leading to the failure of the product to pass the temperature rise test certification, which becomes a key technical obstacle restricting the popularization and application of SMC cable branch boxes.

[0005] Therefore, the technical personnel in the field are committed to developing a cable branch box and a heat dissipation method of the cable branch box. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to improve the heat dissipation effect of the cable branch box.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the application provides a cable branch box, which comprises a box body and a heat dissipation window group arranged on the side wall and / or back plate of the box body; the heat dissipation window group comprises a dust screen, a fan assembly and a water blocking piece arranged in sequence from outside to inside; the fan assembly comprises a rotatable louver and a heat dissipation fan; the louver comprises a louver frame, a louver piece group and a base arranged in sequence; a microcontroller is arranged in the box body; the microcontroller controls the start and stop of the heat dissipation fan and the opening and closing of the louver according to the different internal temperature of the box body.

[0008] Preferably, the fan assembly is arranged on a frame, the frame comprises two side plates arranged on the inside and outside of the box body; the two side plates are provided with fixing holes; a first fixing member is arranged on the box body and is fixed with a second fixing member arranged on the water blocking piece through the fixing holes; a guide hole is arranged on the louver frame; a guide groove is arranged on the base; the louver piece group is composed of at least one louver piece; a columnar sliding rod is arranged on each louver piece; the two ends of the columnar sliding rod are movably arranged in the guide hole and the guide groove.

[0009] Preferably, a ventilation hole is arranged in the middle of the base and corresponds to the ventilation hole of the frame; the guide groove is a polygonal structure or a ring structure arranged on the outer periphery of the ventilation hole; the louver piece is a fan-shaped structure or a polygonal structure; each louver piece can cover the ventilation hole when closed; the louver frame comprises an outer frame and an inner frame; the outer frame and the inner frame are connected through a connecting strip; the connecting strip is provided with a guide hole; the outer frame is arranged on the outer periphery of the base; the side wall of the outer frame and the outer periphery of the base are provided with a gap.

[0010] Preferably, a ring groove is arranged on the outer side plate of the frame; the bottom of the outer frame is slidably embedded in the ring groove of the frame; a first swing control member is arranged on the outer frame and protrudes outward; the first swing control member is connected with the reciprocating motion driving mechanism; the base is fixedly connected with the frame.

[0011] Preferably, a guide rail groove is arranged around the ventilation hole of the frame; the base is slidably embedded in the guide rail groove of the frame; a second swing control member is arranged on the base and protrudes outward through a through hole arranged on the side wall of the outer frame; the second swing control member is connected with the reciprocating motion driving mechanism and swings in the through hole arranged on the side wall of the outer frame; the outer frame is fixedly connected with the frame.

[0012] Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged in the box body; the temperature sensor is used for identifying the internal temperature and sending the temperature information to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is connected with the heat dissipation fan through a driving circuit; the driving circuit controls the start and stop of the heat dissipation fan according to the control instruction sent by the microcontroller; when the internal temperature exceeds a first target temperature, the microcontroller controls the heat dissipation fan to start and simultaneously expands the louver piece group; when the internal temperature decreases to a second target temperature, the microcontroller controls the heat dissipation fan to stop and simultaneously closes the louver piece group.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the box is provided with a solar panel, the solar panel stores the collected solar energy through the super capacitor, and the solar panel is electrically connected with the microcontroller, the temperature sensor, the heat dissipation fan, the driving circuit and the reciprocating motion driving mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the water blocking part is a hollow structure protruding into the box, the bottom of the water blocking part port is provided with an upward baffle, and the mesh aperture of the dust screen is not more than 1 mm; at least one group of heat dissipation window groups are arranged in order on the upper side of the rear plate of the box, and two groups of heat dissipation window groups arranged in up-down direction are installed on the left and right side walls of the box.

[0015] The application further provides a heat dissipation method of the cable branch box, comprising: obtaining the internal temperature of the box; controlling the start-stop of the fan assembly according to the internal temperature to realize heat dissipation of the box; when the fan assembly works, starting the heat dissipation fan below the side wall of the box as an air inlet fan, and starting the heat dissipation fan above the rear plate and the side wall of the box as an air outlet fan to form an air convection from bottom to top in the box.

[0016] Preferably, the control of the start-stop of the fan assembly according to the internal temperature comprises: when the internal temperature reaches a first target temperature, starting the heat dissipation fan and opening the louver at the same time; and when the internal temperature is lower than a second target temperature, stopping the heat dissipation fan and closing the louver at the same time.

[0017] The application has the advantages that: not only the problem of loss of sealing of the box caused by the traditional continuous ventilation or fixed hole heat dissipation mode is solved, but also heat dissipation automation is realized, in the case of no need of heat dissipation, based on multiple barriers, foreign matters are effectively prevented from entering the box, and the situation of insulation reduction and circuit breaking of electrical elements caused by foreign matters is avoided, when the heat dissipation fan starts, the louver is completely opened, air flows smoothly, high-efficiency heat exchange is formed, and the heat dissipation effect of the cable branch box is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a cable branch box structure schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a back structure schematic diagram of the cable branch box of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a heat dissipation window group structure schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a louver base structure schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a louver frame structure schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0023] Figure 6(a) is a shutter closed structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 (b) is a base and shutter piece group closed structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a shelf body outer side structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application in a shutter closed state;

[0026] Figure 8 (a) is a shutter opening structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 (b) is a base and shutter piece group opening structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 is a cable branch box heat dissipation system schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Among them, the box body 1, the dust screen 2, the shelf body 3, the heat dissipation fan 31, the annular groove 32, the water blocking part 4, the baffle 41, the shutter frame body 51, the outer frame 511, the inner frame 512, the guide hole 513, the shutter piece group 52, the base 53, the guide groove 531, the air hole 532, the cylindrical sliding rod 54, the first swing control part 55, the second swing control part 56, the temperature sensor 6, the solar panel 7, the shelf body fixing hole 8, the first fixing part 9, the second fixing part 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular way, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] As Figures 1-3As shown, the cable branch box includes a box body 1 and a heat dissipation window group arranged on the side wall and / or rear plate of the box body 1. In this embodiment, at least one heat dissipation window group is arranged on the upper side of the rear plate of the box body 1, and two heat dissipation window groups are arranged on the left and right side walls of the box body 1 in a vertical arrangement. The heat dissipation window group includes a dust screen 2, a fan assembly, and a water blocking piece 4 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside (the inside and outside in this embodiment refer to the inside and outside of the box body). The fan assembly includes a rotatable louver and a heat dissipation fan 31. The fan assembly is installed on a frame 3, and the frame 3 is fixedly installed on the box body 1. The box body 1 is provided with a first fixing member 9. In this embodiment, the first fixing member 9 is a cylindrical protrusion. The first fixing member 9 passes through a fixing hole 8 arranged on the frame 3 and cooperates with a second fixing member 10 arranged on the water blocking piece 4. The second fixing member 10 can be a cap structure matched with the first fixing member 9. The inner diameter of the second fixing member 10 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the first fixing member 9, so as to form an interference fit, thereby achieving fixed cooperation between the frame 3 and the water blocking piece 4. In other embodiments, the first fixing member 9 and the second fixing member 10 can be reinforced or fixed by passing a screw through the axis. In this embodiment, the dust screen 2 can be fixed by being clamped between the frame 3 and the box body 1 and cooperating with the periphery-mounted screw, or can be fixed on the frame 3 by a bolt. In this way, the dust screen 2, the fan assembly, and the water blocking piece 4 can be stably installed on the box body 1. Of course, in order to make the dust screen 2, the fan assembly, and the water blocking piece 4 more stable, screws can also be arranged at other positions of the dust screen 2, the frame 3, and the water blocking piece 4 to connect the box body.

[0033] In this embodiment, the water blocking piece 4 is a hollow structure protruding into the box body 1. The water blocking piece 4 is provided with an upwardly inclined baffle plate 41 at the bottom of the port. In combination with the structure of the water blocking piece 4 around the periphery and the baffle plate 41 arranged at the port, water droplets passing through the fan assembly can be prevented from entering the inside of the box body 1, thereby forming a multi-layer barrier for waterproofing and dustproofing of the box body 1. The bottom plate of the water blocking piece 4 is arranged upwardly inclined from the side close to the inside of the box body 1 to the side away from the box body 1, thereby achieving waterproofing and dustproofing. The material of the heat dissipation window group can be a dough molding compound (DMC) composite material produced by molding.

[0034] In this embodiment, the frame 3 can be a hollow quadrangular structure including circumferential side plates and two side plates relative to the inside and outside of the box body. Ventilation holes are arranged on the two side plates for air circulation. The heat dissipation fan 31 and the louver are respectively installed on the two side plates of the frame 3. In this way, the installation structure is compact, simple, and good in ventilation effect.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 1, the cable branch box includes a box body 1 and a heat dissipation window group arranged on the side wall and / or rear plate of the box body 1. In this embodiment, at least one heat dissipation window group is arranged on the upper side of the rear plate of the box body 1, and two heat dissipation window groups are arranged on the left and right side walls of the box body 1 in a vertical arrangement. The heat dissipation window group includes a dust screen 2, a fan assembly, and a water blocking piece 4 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside (the inside and outside in this embodiment refer to the inside and outside of the box body). The fan assembly includes a rotatable louver and a heat dissipation fan 31. The fan assembly is installed on a frame 3, and the frame 3 is fixedly installed on the box body 1. The box body 1 is provided with a first fixing member 9. In this embodiment, the first fixing member 9 is a cylindrical protrusion. The first fixing member 9 passes through a fixing hole 8 arranged on the frame 3 and cooperates with a second fixing member 10 arranged on the water blocking piece 4. The second fixing member 10 can be a cap structure matched with the first fixing member 9. The inner diameter of the second fixing member 10 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the first fixing member 9, so as to form an interference fit, thereby achieving fixed cooperation between the frame 3 and the water blocking piece 4. In other embodiments, the first fixing member 9 and the second fixing member 10 can be reinforced or fixed by passing a screw through the axis. In this embodiment, the dust screen 2 can be fixed by being clamped between the frame 3 and the box body 1 and cooperating with the periphery-mounted screw, or can be fixed on the frame 3 by a bolt. In this way, the dust screen 2, the fan assembly, and the water blocking piece 4 can be stably installed on the box body 1. Of course, in order to make the dust screen 2, the fan assembly, and the water blocking piece 4 more stable, screws can also be arranged at other positions of the dust screen 2, the frame 3, and the water blocking piece 4 to connect the box body. Figures 4-6As shown, the louvers are installed on the outer side panel of the frame 3. The base 53, louver slat assembly 52, and louver frame 51 are sequentially installed towards the inside of the housing 1. In this embodiment, the base 53 is fixed to the frame 3 by screws or other conventional methods. A ventilation hole 532 is provided in the center of the base 53. The size and position of this ventilation hole correspond to the size of the ventilation holes in the frame 3. A guide groove 531 with a regular polygonal or annular structure is provided on the base 53 around the ventilation hole 532.

[0036] The louver frame 51 includes an outer frame 511 and an inner frame 512. The outer frame 511 covers the outer periphery of the base 53, and a gap is provided between the inner side wall of the outer frame 511 and the base, allowing the outer frame 511 to slide relative to the base 53. An annular groove 32 is also provided on the outer side plate of the frame 3, and the annular bottom edge of the outer frame 511 is placed in the annular groove 32, which allows the outer frame 511 to slide relative to the frame 3. The outer frame 511 and the inner frame 512 are connected by a connecting strip, and a guide hole 513 is provided in the connecting strip. The outer frame 511 is also provided with an outwardly protruding first swing control member 55, which is connected to a reciprocating motion drive mechanism (not shown). The reciprocating motion drive mechanism can be a crank-connecting rod structure driven by a motor (since it adopts existing technology, it will not be described in detail here), thereby realizing the left and right swing control of the first swing control member 55 with the circumference.

[0037] The louver slat assembly 52 consists of at least one slat, each slat having a cylindrical sliding rod 54 protruding at both ends. The two ends of the cylindrical sliding rod 54 are movably disposed within a guide hole 513 and a guide groove 531, respectively. Thus, the cylindrical sliding rod 54 on the slat can rotate with the louver frame 51, causing the slat to open and close. The slats are fan-shaped or polygonal; in this embodiment, the slats are polygonal, specifically a combination of equilateral triangles and quadrilaterals. In this embodiment, the slats include a rectangular base, the cylindrical sliding rod 54 is located at the bottom of the base, and the upper part of the base connects to the closing part of an isosceles triangle. When each slat is closed, the isosceles sides of the isosceles triangles of each slat contact each other, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the closed window covers the ventilation hole 532 to keep the box sealed.

[0038] The enclosure contains a microcontroller that controls the start and stop of the cooling fan 31 and the opening and closing of the louvers based on the internal temperature of the enclosure. The microcontroller controls the movement of the first swing control element 55 through a reciprocating motion drive mechanism. When the first swing control element 55 moves, it drives the louver frame 51 to move, thereby subjecting the cylindrical sliding rod 54 to force, which in turn drives the slats to move, thus realizing the opening and closing of the louvers.

[0039] In this embodiment, the mesh size of the dust filter does not exceed 1mm to effectively prevent dust and debris larger than 1mm from entering the housing 1. This provides a good barrier regardless of whether the fan assembly is working or not.

[0040] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor 6 is installed on the frame 3 of the upper window of the housing 1 (because hot air flows upward after the temperature rises, this can accurately measure the temperature rise inside the housing). The temperature sensor 6 identifies the internal temperature of the upper part of the housing 1 and sends the temperature information to the microcontroller. The microcontroller determines whether the temperature information has reached the heat dissipation standard or the heat dissipation stop standard, and sends the corresponding control command to the drive circuit to control the start and stop of the cooling fan 31 and the louvers. Specifically, when the internal temperature reaches the first target temperature, the microcontroller controls the cooling fan to start and simultaneously opens the louver slat group 52; when the internal temperature drops to the second target temperature, the microcontroller controls the cooling fan to turn off and simultaneously closes the louver slat group 52.

[0041] The first target temperature represents the highest temperature that each component of the cable connector inside the cable branch box can withstand, as preset. The second target temperature represents the temperature that will not affect each component inside the box 1, as preset. Thus, when the internal temperature rises to the first target temperature, the fan assembly needs to be turned on, and when the internal temperature drops to the second target temperature, the fan assembly can be turned off. In this embodiment, the first and second target temperatures are set according to the average summer temperature of the actual installation environment of the cable branch box in the previous year or the current year. For example, the temperature 40°C higher than the average summer temperature is set as the first target temperature, and the temperature 10°C higher than the average summer temperature of the environment is set as the second target temperature. That is, when the average summer temperature of the installation environment is 20°C, the first target temperature is 60°C and the second target temperature is 30°C. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0042] To achieve the aforementioned temperature control, a power source is also required. Therefore, in this embodiment, a solar panel 7 is installed on the top of the enclosure. The solar panel 7 stores and collects solar energy through a supercapacitor to power the heat dissipation system. Figure 9 As shown, the power supply (solar panel 7) is electrically connected to the microcontroller, temperature sensor 6, cooling fan 31, drive circuit, and reciprocating motion drive mechanism, providing power to each component and a reliable power supply foundation for the microcontroller to achieve full automation of the entire heat dissipation system. At the same time, a photothermal reflective layer can be coated on the solar panel 7. By combining the photothermal reflective coating with active heat dissipation, a dual protection of passive and active heat dissipation is formed. In addition, the energy consumption of the heat dissipation system is significantly reduced in outdoor scenarios, which is in line with the trend of green power development. Therefore, the cable branch box based on this embodiment can also be applied to unattended or harsh environments, eliminating the need for frequent monitoring and reducing labor costs.

[0043] Under continuous high load conditions, a stable thermal regulation mechanism can be effectively formed inside the enclosure 1, and the heat storage inside the enclosure 1 will not reach the point of saturation. Furthermore, by opening ventilation holes and adding louver slats 52 and dustproof net 2, not only is the structure simple, but an effective heat dissipation air duct is also formed on the left and right sides and the rear panel heat dissipation window assembly of the enclosure 1. Combined with the water baffle 4 and the temperature control setting of the louver slats 52 covering the fan, the original airtightness of the enclosure 1 is maintained, and the IP protection level of the enclosure 1 is further enhanced.

[0044] Through this embodiment, precise temperature control inside the enclosure 1 can be achieved. The start-up and shutdown process of the entire fan assembly is fully automated without manual intervention. Furthermore, by maintaining a suitable operating temperature and effectively isolating dust and moisture, the service life of key components such as internal cable connectors, switches, and transformers can be extended, and failures caused by overheating and contamination can be reduced.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 lies in the frame 3, the base 53, and the louver frame 51. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the outer frame 511 of the louver frame is fixedly connected to the frame 3. Annular guide rail grooves are provided around the ventilation holes on the outer side plate of the frame 3. The base 53 is slidably fitted into the guide rail grooves of the frame, allowing the base 53 to move relative to the frame 3. At this time, a second swing control member 56 is provided on the base 53. The second swing control member 56 extends outward through a perforation provided on the side wall of the outer frame 511 and is also connected to the reciprocating motion drive mechanism.

[0047] In this case, the outer frame 511 and the frame 3 can be fixedly installed by screws or other means. In order to realize the normal swing of the second swing control member 56, a through hole needs to be made on the side wall of the outer frame 511 at the position corresponding to the second swing control member 56. The through hole should be large enough for the second swing control member 56 to move. By applying an external force to the second swing control member 56, the base can move relative to the frame and frame, thereby driving the louver slat assembly 52 to move. Other structures and principles are the same as in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] This application also provides a heat dissipation method for a cable branch box, which can be applied to the aforementioned cable branch box, including:

[0050] The internal temperature of the enclosure 1 is obtained by temperature sensor 6 installed inside the enclosure;

[0051] The microcontroller receives the internal temperature and controls the start and stop of the fan assembly based on the internal temperature to achieve heat dissipation of the enclosure 1;

[0052] When the fan assembly is working, the cooling fan at the bottom of the side wall of the enclosure 1 is activated as the intake fan, and the cooling fans at the top of the rear panel and side wall of the enclosure 1 are activated as the exhaust fans, so that air convection is formed inside the enclosure 1 from bottom to top.

[0053] When the internal temperature reaches the first target temperature, start the cooling fan and open the louvers.

[0054] When the internal temperature is lower than the second target temperature, stop the cooling fan and close the louvers.

[0055] This allows for automatic adjustment of the heat dissipation method based on the internal temperature of enclosure 1. Under high-temperature conditions, the fan assembly starts to effectively expel heat from the inside of enclosure 1, ensuring stable operation of the equipment. Under low-temperature conditions, the louvers seal the window to prevent rainwater and dust from entering, making heat dissipation more flexible and efficient. It can better adapt to different heat dissipation needs and quickly reduce the internal ambient temperature of the cable branch box, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the complete set of tests and maximizing heat dissipation efficiency.

[0056] It should also be noted that all standard components used in the aforementioned cable distribution boxes can be obtained through market procurement, and the selected mechanical systems, functional components, and supporting equipment all conform to the conventional technical parameters stipulated in industry standards. Electrical connections are made using conventional methods.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A cable branch box, characterized in that, Includes a housing (1) and a heat dissipation window assembly disposed on the side wall and / or rear panel of the housing (1); The heat dissipation window assembly includes a dustproof net (2), a fan assembly and a water baffle (4) installed sequentially from the outside to the inside. The fan assembly includes a rotatable louver and a heat dissipation fan (31). The louver includes a base (53), a louver slat assembly (52) and a louver frame (51) installed sequentially. The housing (1) is equipped with a microcontroller, which controls the start and stop of the cooling fan (31) and the opening and closing of the louvers according to the different internal temperatures of the housing (1).

2. The cable branch box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan assembly is mounted on the frame (3). The frame (3) includes inner and outer side plates relative to the box (1). The inner and outer side plates of the frame (3) are provided with fixing holes (8). The box (1) is provided with a first fixing member (9). The first fixing member (9) passes through the fixing hole (8) and cooperates with the second fixing member (10) provided on the water baffle (4) for fixation. The louver frame (51) is provided with a guide hole (513), the base (53) is provided with a guide groove (531), the louver slat assembly (52) is composed of at least one slat, and each slat is provided with a cylindrical sliding rod (54) with protruding ends; the two ends of the cylindrical sliding rod (54) are respectively movably disposed in the guide hole (513) and the guide groove (531).

3. The cable branch box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (53) has a ventilation hole (532) in the middle, which corresponds to the ventilation hole on the frame (3). The guide groove (531) is a polygonal or ring structure set on the outer periphery of the ventilation hole (532). The window slats are fan-shaped or polygonal structures. When each window slat is closed, it can cover the ventilation hole (532). The louver frame (51) includes an outer frame (511) and an inner frame (512). The outer frame (511) and the inner frame (512) are connected by a connecting strip. The guide hole (513) is set in the connecting strip. The outer frame (511) covers the outer periphery of the base (53). The side wall of the outer frame (511) is separated from the outer periphery of the base (53).

4. The cable branch box according to claim 3, characterized in that, An annular groove (32) is provided on the outer side plate of the frame (3), and the outer frame (511) is slidably fitted into the annular groove (32). The outer frame (511) is provided with a first swing control member (55) protruding outward, and the first swing control member (55) is connected to the reciprocating motion drive mechanism; the base (53) is fixedly connected to the frame (3).

5. The cable branch box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frame (3) has guide rail grooves around the ventilation holes. The base (53) is slidably fitted into the guide rail grooves of the frame. The base (53) is provided with a second swing control member (56). The second swing control member (56) extends outward through the perforation provided on the side wall of the outer frame (511). The second swing control member (56) is connected to the reciprocating motion drive mechanism and swings within the perforation provided on the side wall of the outer frame (511). The outer frame (511) is fixedly connected to the frame (3).

6. The cable branch box according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The housing (1) is equipped with a temperature sensor (6), which is used to identify the internal temperature and send the temperature information to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is connected to the cooling fan through a drive circuit, and the drive circuit controls the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the control command sent by the microcontroller. When the internal temperature exceeds the first target temperature, the microcontroller controls the cooling fan to start and simultaneously unfolds the louver slats (52); When the internal temperature drops to the second target temperature, the microcontroller controls the cooling fan to turn off and simultaneously closes the louver assembly (52).

7. The cable branch box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the housing (1) is provided with a solar panel (7), which stores the collected solar energy through a supercapacitor. The solar panel (7) is electrically connected to the microcontroller, the temperature sensor (6), the cooling fan (31), the drive circuit, and the reciprocating motion drive mechanism.

8. The cable branch box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-blocking component (4) is a hollow structure protruding into the box (1). The bottom of the port of the water-blocking component (4) is provided with an upward-facing baffle (41). The mesh size of the dustproof net (2) does not exceed 1mm. At least one set of heat dissipation windows is neatly arranged on the upper side of the rear plate of the box (1). Two sets of heat dissipation windows are installed on the left and right side walls of the box (1) arranged vertically.

9. A heat dissipation method for a cable branch box, applied to the cable branch box as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: Obtain the internal temperature of the enclosure (1); The fan assembly is started and stopped according to the internal temperature to achieve heat dissipation of the housing (1); When the fan assembly is working, the cooling fan below the side wall of the housing (1) is activated as an intake fan, and the cooling fans above the rear panel and side wall of the housing (1) are activated as exhaust fans, so that air convection is formed inside the housing (1) from bottom to top.

10. The heat dissipation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of controlling the start and stop of the fan assembly based on the internal temperature includes: When the internal temperature reaches the first target temperature, the cooling fan is activated and the louvers are opened simultaneously. When the internal temperature is lower than the second target temperature, the cooling fan is stopped and the louvers are closed.

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