Simultaneous multi-beam light-operated emission array modularization extensible method

Abstract

The invention relates to a simultaneous multi-beam light-operated emission array modularization extensible method, and belongs to the technical field of phase control arrays and microwave photons. The transmitting array comprises an extensible laser array, an electro-optical modulator, an extensible optical delay network, a photoelectric detector and an array transmitting antenna. The laser transmitting modules capable of being spliced are used as transmitting light sources, external interfaces of all the modules adopt standard design specifications, the number of the laser transmitting modules can be adjusted according to needs, each transmitting module can be synthesized into a wave beam through an extensible light delay network, and N transmitting modules can be synthesized into N transmitting wave beams at the same time. According to the invention, universal and modularized optical delay channels are adopted, external interfaces, composition structures and delay amounts of the delay channels are completely the same, a large batch of delay channels can be manufactured in advance, and the channels are connected through expansion interfaces, so that the optical delay network can be quickly spliced and combined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of phased array technology and microwave photonics technology, and specifically relates to a modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optical control emission arrays. Background Technology

[0002] Phased array technology is a mainstream technology in the field of electronic information technology involving signal transmission and reception. This technology forms a radar detection beam by controlling the phase of the array's microwave signal and rapidly adjusts the scanning angle of the detection beam, enabling rapid scanning and flexible scheduling of the radar detection beam in the airspace. This solves the problems of slow scanning speed and poor beam flexibility of traditional mechanical radar antennas. However, as the radar signal bandwidth increases, phased array systems become susceptible to effects such as dispersion delay and aperture distortion, leading to a decrease in the target pointing accuracy of the detection beam. This reduces the echo energy of the detected target, thus affecting the system's detection performance.

[0003] Microwave photonic array beam scanning technology combines optical and microwave technologies. It uses an electro-optic modulator to load microwave signals onto optical signals, converting the phase information of the microwave signal into the true delay information of the optical signal. By precisely controlling the delay of the optical signal, the phase information of the microwave signal is adjusted, and the delay is flexibly changed by adjusting the optical wavelength. Because the frequency of the optical signal is many orders of magnitude higher than that of the microwave signal, the effect of microwave frequency changes on the delay of the optical signal is negligible. The beam pointing does not deviate with changes in the microwave signal frequency. For any frequency point within the broadband signal range, the system can maintain precise beam pointing, and the beam quality does not decrease with increasing frequency. Therefore, microwave photonic arrays can effectively achieve the transmission of ultra-wideband signals.

[0004] Currently, numerous beamforming technologies for optically controlled arrays exist in universities and research institutes both domestically and internationally, including fiber-based beamforming, space-light-based beamforming, and integrated optics-based beamforming. These technologies require prior determination of relevant design parameters for beamforming, including the number of synthesized beams and the number of transmission channels. Furthermore, current beamforming methods require significant time for delay alignment and calibration for different transmission arrays. Therefore, this invention proposes a beamforming technology for optically controlled arrays with flexible and scalable transmit beam and transmission channel numbers. This technology can adapt flexibly to the needs of different transmission arrays, simplifying the calibration work for different transmission arrays and reducing the design complexity of optically controlled transmission arrays. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to provide a modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optical control transmission arrays, so as to solve the problems of complex design structure of existing optical control transmission array systems, the need for a lot of time to perform amplitude and phase consistency correction work for optical control arrays of different transmission channels, and the inability to quickly and flexibly adjust the number of transmission channels and transmission beams according to usage requirements.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a modular and scalable method for a simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled transmission array, wherein the transmission array comprises: a scalable laser array, an electro-optic modulator, a scalable optical delay network, a photodetector, and an array transmission antenna; The scalable laser array consists of N connectable laser emitting modules, which generate N optical carrier signals of different wavelengths. The output port of the next connectable laser emitting module is connected to the expansion port of the previous connectable laser emitting module. The output port of connectable laser emitting module 1 outputs the optical carrier signals of N connectable laser emitting modules. An optical carrier signal is input to an electro-optic modulator, and a microwave signal is loaded onto the optical carrier signal through electro-optic modulation. The scalable optical delay network consists of multiple splicable optical delay channels. After passing through splicable optical delay channel 1, the optical carrier signal is split into two paths: one enters photodetector 1, and the other enters splicable optical delay channel 2. After passing through splicable optical delay channel 2, the optical carrier signal is further split into two paths: one enters photodetector 2, and the other enters splicable optical delay channel 3, and so on. The optical carrier signal enters the Nth splicable optical delay channel and the Nth photodetector. The N photodetectors convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and send it to the array transmitting antenna.

[0007] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention proposes a modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled transmission arrays, which has the following advantages compared to existing technologies: The system's amplitude and phase correction is simplified: The system's splicable optical delay channels adopt a modular design. The time delay of each splicable optical delay channel is calibrated in advance using a unified correction process. As needed, the appropriate number of splicable optical delay channels can be selected and combined to form an optical network, reducing the complex and cumbersome process of correction in traditional optical networks.

[0008] Enhanced system environmental adaptability: This invention employs a reflector, dispersive fiber, and circulator as delay devices, doubling the optical path length within the dispersive fiber. For the same delay requirement, the length of the dispersive fiber is halved. This reduction in fiber length helps minimize changes in fiber length due to ambient temperature variations, thus improving the amplitude and phase stability of the scalable optical delay network.

[0009] The number of beams is scalable: The system uses splicable laser emitting modules as the emission source. The external interface of each module adopts standard design specifications. The number of laser emitting modules can be adjusted as needed. Each emitting module synthesizes a beam through a scalable optical delay network. N emitting modules can synthesize N emission beams at the same time.

[0010] The optical array can be flexibly expanded: This invention uses a universal, modular optical delay channel. The external interfaces, structural composition, and delay values ​​of each delay channel are completely identical. A large number of delay channels can be prefabricated, and the channels can be quickly assembled into an optical delay network by connecting them through expansion interfaces. Alternatively, the number of optical delay channels can be expanded by increasing the number of interfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the modular, scalable, and simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled transmission array architecture of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the modular laser emitting module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the splicable optical delay channel of the present invention; Figure 4 This invention relates to an optical signal delay method. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0013] The main technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optical control transmission arrays, which overcomes the complex design structure of existing optical control transmission array systems, the need for a lot of time to perform amplitude and phase consistency correction work for optical control arrays of different transmission channels, and the inability to quickly and flexibly adjust the number of transmission channels and transmission beams according to usage requirements.

[0014] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: This invention proposes a modular and scalable method for a simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled transmission array, wherein the transmission array includes: a scalable laser array, an electro-optic modulator, a scalable optical delay network, a photodetector, and an array transmission antenna.

[0015] The scalable laser array consists of N connectable laser emitting modules, which generate N optical carrier signals of different wavelengths. The output port of the next connectable laser emitting module is connected to the expansion port of the previous connectable laser emitting module. The output port of connectable laser emitting module 1 outputs the optical carrier signals of N connectable laser emitting modules. An optical carrier signal is input to an electro-optic modulator, and a microwave signal is loaded onto the optical carrier signal through electro-optic modulation. The scalable optical delay network consists of multiple splicable optical delay channels. After passing through splicable optical delay channel 1, the optical carrier signal is split into two paths: one enters photodetector 1, and the other enters splicable optical delay channel 2. After passing through splicable optical delay channel 2, the optical carrier signal is further split into two paths: one enters photodetector 2, and the other enters splicable optical delay channel 3, and so on. The optical carrier signal enters the Nth splicable optical delay channel and the Nth photodetector. The N photodetectors convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and send it to the array transmitting antenna.

[0016] in, The scalable laser array consists of multiple modular laser emitting modules. Each modular laser emitting module includes a single-wavelength laser and a coupler. The optical carrier signal generated by the laser enters the coupler through its input port and is output through its output port. The output port of the coupler is the output port of the modular laser emitting module, and the expansion port of the coupler is the expansion port of the modular laser emitting module. When the number of laser emitting modules needs to be increased, the output port of modular laser emitting module 2 is connected to the expansion port of modular laser emitting module 1, the output port of modular laser emitting module 3 is connected to the expansion port of modular laser emitting module 2, and the output port of modular laser emitting module N is connected to the expansion port of modular laser emitting module N-1. The output port of modular laser emitting module 1 outputs the optical carrier signals of N modular laser emitting modules. The optical carrier signals are input to an electro-optic modulator, and microwave signals are loaded onto the optical carrier signals through electro-optic modulation.

[0017] The optical carrier signal generated by the splicable laser emitting module N is represented as:

[0018] in The angular frequency of the optical carrier wave is represented by the following in microwave signals:

[0019] in This represents the angular frequency of the microwave signal. After the microwave signal is modulated by an opto-modulator, it is loaded onto an optical carrier, and the optical signal is then represented as...

[0020] In the formula The phase change generated by electro-optic modulation can be represented by the following equation through trigonometric function transformation:

[0021] Expanding the above equation using Bessel functions while ignoring higher-order terms, the optical carrier signal generated by the modulated splicable laser emission module N can ultimately be expressed as follows:

[0022] in, J 0 represents the 0th order Bessel function. J 1 represents the first-order Bessel function, and m represents the modulation coefficient of the electro-optic modulator.

[0023] The optical carrier signal is fed into a splicable optical delay network power divider to form multiple optical delay output signals. The optical delay network consists of multiple splicable optical delay channels, which adopt a standardized, modular design architecture. Each channel comprises a dispersive fiber, a mirror, a circulator, an optical splitter, and an optical attenuator. All dispersive fibers in the splicable optical delay channels use a uniform fiber length, with one end connected to the mirror and the other end connected to the circulator.

[0024] The optical signal enters the scalable optical delay network through scalable optical delay channel 1. The optical input signal enters the circulator through the optical input port of the splicable optical delay channel 1, and is output through the optical output port 1 of the circulator into the dispersion delay fiber. The output signal of the dispersion delay fiber is reflected by a mirror and returns along the original path, passing through the dispersion delay fiber a second time. At this point, the optical path length of the optical signal in the dispersion delay fiber is twice the length of the fiber. The optical signal that has passed through the dispersion delay fiber a second time is input through the optical output port 1 of the circulator and output through the optical output port 2. The optical output signal is split into two paths by an optical power divider. One path is attenuated and adjusted by an optical attenuator and output through the optical output port 3. The other path is output through an expansion port.

[0025] The expansion port of expandable optical delay channel 1 is connected to the optical input port of expandable optical delay channel 2, the expansion port of expandable optical delay channel 2 is connected to the optical input port of expandable optical delay channel 3, and so on. The expansion port of expandable optical delay channel N-1 is connected to the optical input port of expandable optical delay channel N, forming an optical delay network. The optical input port of dispersion delay channel 1 serves as the total optical input port of the optical delay network, the expansion port of dispersion delay channel N serves as the total expansion port of the optical delay network, and the optical output ports 3 of expandable optical delay channels 1, 2, 3, ..., N serve as the optical output ports of the optical delay network. The optical carrier signal enters the optical delay network through the total optical input port and is output through the N optical output ports 3.

[0026] Each channel's dispersion delay fiber has undergone uniform high-precision calibration and correction beforehand, and its length is [length missing]. The optical carrier signal generated by the splicable laser emitting module N has a fixed time delay after passing through the optical fiber. After the optical signal enters the dispersive fiber, it is reflected twice by a mirror and passes through the dispersive fiber again. The corresponding optical path length is... The corresponding time delay is The optical signal first enters the splicable optical delay channel 1, which outputs two delayed signals with a time delay of [value missing]. One delayed signal enters photodetector 1, and the other enters the splicable optical delay channel 2, outputting two delayed signals with a time delay of [value missing]. Similarly, the time delay of the output delay signal of the spliced ​​optical delay channel 3 is... The time delay of the output delay signal of the splicable optical delay channel N is: The time delay difference between adjacent output channels is 1. Therefore, after the optical carrier signal passes through the scalable optical delay network, it outputs a set of optical delay signals with progressively increasing time delays.

[0027] The formula for the optical carrier signal generated by the splicable laser emitting module N after passing through the Nth delay channel is as follows:

[0028] in The phase change is caused by the time delay of the splicable optical delay channel. , D denoted as the dispersion coefficient of a dispersive fiber, expressed in ps / nm / km. The length difference of dispersive optical fibers, in km. The spectral interval between the optical carrier signal and the center wavelength generated by the splicable laser emitting module N is given in nm.

[0029] The optical signal output from the splicable optical delay channel N is converted into an electrical signal after passing through the photodetector N. After filtering out the DC term and high-frequency components, the electrical signal component containing microwave signals can be expressed as: ,in E To calculate constants The electrical signals output from each channel are radiated into space through the antenna array, and superimposed in the far field to form a transmitted beam. The signals from each antenna element... The superimposed field strengths of the far-field directions are as follows:

[0030] The direction function, expressed as a geometric series summation and normalized function, is (derivation omitted):

[0031] Right now:

[0032] Where d is the spacing between antenna elements. The phase difference between two adjacent delay branches generated by the splicable laser emitting module N. , The wavelength of the microwave signal. The beam is pointed towards the far field. The angle corresponding to the maximum value of the direction function is the beam pointing, which corresponds to the beam pointing of the light signal emitted by the stitched laser emitting module N. Represented as:

[0033] in, - The wavelength difference in the dispersive fiber corresponds to the laser wavelength output by the 1st to Nth splicable laser emitting modules. By using N splicable laser emitting modules, the output of N emission beams can be achieved simultaneously.

[0034] Example 1: This invention relates to a modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled transmission arrays. For device connection details, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 1 The architecture includes a scalable laser array, an electro-optic modulator, a scalable optical delay network, a photodetector, and a transmitting antenna. The scalable laser array consists of a set of splicable laser transmitting modules that generate a set of optical carrier signals of different wavelengths. The electro-optic modulator loads the microwave signal to be transmitted onto the optical carrier signals. After passing through the splicable optical delay channel 1, the optical carrier signals are split into two paths: one enters photodetector 1, and the other enters optical delay channel 2. After passing through the splicable optical delay channel 2, the optical carrier signals are further split into two paths: one enters photodetector 2, and the other enters splicable optical delay channel 3, and so on. The optical carrier signals enter the Nth splicable optical delay channel and the Nth photodetector. The N photodetectors convert the optical signals into electrical signals and send them to the array antenna.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, a modular laser emitting module integrates a laser and a coupler. The laser and coupler are connected via an input port. The coupler has an expansion port and an output port. The expansion port connects to the output ports of other modular laser emitting modules to receive the output light from them. The output port couples out the laser signal from the laser and the expansion port. A scalable laser array consists of N modular laser emitting modules, with the module's output port connected to the expansion port, allowing for expansion of the number of lasers.

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, a splicable optical delay channel consists of a dispersive fiber, a reflector, a circulator, an optical splitter, and an optical attenuator. Its external interfaces include an optical input port, an optical output port, and an expansion port. The scalable optical delay network comprises multiple splicable optical delay channels. These channels are connected via expansion ports and optical signal input ports. The optical signal enters the circulator through the optical input port, then enters the dispersive delay fiber through the circulator's optical output port 1, is reflected by the reflector, passes through the dispersive delay fiber again, and enters the optical splitter through the circulator's optical output port 2. The delayed optical signal is split into two paths after entering the optical splitter. One path passes through the optical attenuator and exits through the optical output port 3, which is then sent to a photodetector. The other path exits through the expansion port and enters the optical input port of the next splicable dispersive delay channel, and so on, sequentially entering all dispersive delay channels of the optical delay network.

[0037] Based on the composition structure of the splicable dispersive delay channel and the scalable optical delay network architecture, the optical signal delay method is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Optical signal (wavelength) center wavelength wavelength difference After entering the dispersive delay channel, it passes through the mirror twice, with a delay length of [missing information]. Dispersive fiber (dispersion coefficient) Then it splits into two paths, one of which enters photodetector 1 and is converted into an electrical signal. The delay of this signal is Another path enters the dispersion delay channel 2. After entering delay channel 2, the optical signal passes through the mirror twice more, with a delay length of [missing information]. The dispersive fiber is then split into two paths, one of which enters photodetector 2 and is converted into an electrical signal. The delay of this signal is The delay is the sum of the delay lengths of delay channels 1 and 2, and the other path enters the dispersive delay channel 3. After entering delay channel 3, the optical signal passes through the mirror twice in the same way, with a delay length of... The dispersive fiber is then split into two paths, one of which enters photodetector 3 and is converted into an electrical signal. The delay of this signal is The delay is the sum of the delay lengths of delay channels 1, 2, and 3, with another path entering the dispersive delay channel 4. This process continues until the signal enters delay channel N, forming an electrical signal. The delay amount is In summary, the optical path difference between each delayed signal is... The corresponding delay difference .

[0038] The transmitting array of this invention uses dispersive optical fiber with a center wavelength of For the center wavelength The optical signal has a wavelength difference of 0, and the delay amount is the same for each channel of the delay structure. The microwave signals radiated by each channel through the antenna array elements are superimposed in phase at infinity at the antenna array, forming a transmitted beam pointing at 0°. For a center wavelength less than In the case of an optical signal, the delay in each channel increases due to the increased dispersion of the optical carrier (the magnitude of the delay is proportional to the magnitude of the dispersion). Therefore, the main beam of the demodulated microwave signal will point counterclockwise at 0°. Conversely, when the optical carrier wavelength is greater than... With reduced delay in each channel, the main beam of the microwave signal will point clockwise at 0°.

[0039] The scalable laser array has wavelengths distributed on both sides of the center wavelength, generating N emission beams within a ±45° range. By alternately switching the laser emission modules on and off, laser emission module 1 is on at time t1, laser emission module 2 is on at time t2, and so on. N With N laser emitting modules constantly active, a single emitted beam can switch back and forth within ±45°. By simultaneously activating N laser emitting modules, N emitted beams can cover ±45° simultaneously. To add an emitted beam, simply connect the output port of the new laser emitting module to the expansion port of the existing laser emitting module to increase the number of beams.

[0040] Based on the aforementioned N delay channels, the scalable optical delay network can flexibly implement unit-level and component-level expansion of the dispersion delay channels as needed.

[0041] Unit-level expansion uses a delay channel as a standard functional module. The module has one optical input port, one output port, and one expansion port. When expanding one channel, the optical input port of expansion channel 1 can be directly connected to the expansion port of the original channel to quickly expand one channel. When expanding two channels, the optical input port of expansion channel 2 is connected to the expansion port of expansion channel 1, and the optical input port of expansion channel 1 is connected to the expansion port of the original channel to quickly expand two channels.

[0042] The component-level expansion uses a 4-channel optical delay network as a standard functional component. The fiber lengths of each channel within the component are pre-calibrated. Externally, the component has one optical input port, four output ports, and one expansion port. The optical input port of the expansion component can be directly connected to the expansion port of the original component to quickly expand one component. The expansion of multiple components can be achieved simply by connecting the components to each other, thus quickly increasing the number of channels.

[0043] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: The system's amplitude and phase correction is simplified: The system's splicable optical delay channels adopt a modular design. The time delay of each splicable optical delay channel is calibrated in advance using a unified correction process. As needed, the appropriate number of splicable optical delay channels can be selected and combined to form an optical network, reducing the complex and cumbersome process of correction in traditional optical networks.

[0044] Enhanced system environmental adaptability: This invention employs a reflector, dispersive fiber, and circulator as delay devices, doubling the optical path length within the dispersive fiber. For the same delay requirement, the length of the dispersive fiber is halved. This reduction in fiber length helps minimize changes in fiber length due to ambient temperature variations, thus improving the amplitude and phase stability of the scalable optical delay network.

[0045] The number of beams is scalable: The system uses splicable laser emitting modules as the emission source. The external interface of each module adopts standard design specifications. The number of laser emitting modules can be adjusted as needed. Each emitting module synthesizes a beam through a scalable optical delay network. N emitting modules can synthesize N emission beams at the same time.

[0046] The optical array can be flexibly expanded: This invention uses a universal, modular optical delay channel. The external interfaces, structural composition, and delay values ​​of each delay channel are completely identical. A large number of delay channels can be prefabricated, and the channels can be quickly assembled into an optical delay network by connecting them through expansion interfaces. Alternatively, the number of optical delay channels can be expanded by increasing the number of interfaces.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays, characterized in that, The transmitting array includes: a scalable laser array, an electro-optic modulator, a scalable optical delay network, a photodetector, and an array transmitting antenna; The scalable laser array consists of N connectable laser emitting modules, which generate N optical carrier signals of different wavelengths. The output port of the next connectable laser emitting module is connected to the expansion port of the previous connectable laser emitting module. The output port of connectable laser emitting module 1 outputs the optical carrier signals of N connectable laser emitting modules. An optical carrier signal is input to an electro-optic modulator, and a microwave signal is loaded onto the optical carrier signal through electro-optic modulation. The scalable optical delay network consists of multiple splicable optical delay channels. After passing through splicable optical delay channel 1, the optical carrier signal is split into two paths: one enters photodetector 1, and the other enters splicable optical delay channel 2. After passing through splicable optical delay channel 2, the optical carrier signal is further split into two paths: one enters photodetector 2, and the other enters splicable optical delay channel 3, and so on. The optical carrier signal enters the Nth splicable optical delay channel and the Nth photodetector. The N photodetectors convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and send it to the array transmitting antenna.

2. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled transmission arrays as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The scalable laser array consists of multiple modular laser emitting modules. Each modular laser emitting module includes a single-wavelength laser and a coupler. The optical carrier signal generated by the laser enters the coupler through its input port and is output through its output port. The output port of the coupler is the output port of the modular laser emitting module, and the expansion port of the coupler is the expansion port of the modular laser emitting module. When the number of laser emitting modules needs to be increased, the output port of modular laser emitting module 2 is connected to the expansion port of modular laser emitting module 1, the output port of modular laser emitting module 3 is connected to the expansion port of modular laser emitting module 2, and the output port of modular laser emitting module N is connected to the expansion port of modular laser emitting module N-1. The output port of modular laser emitting module 1 outputs the optical carrier signals of N modular laser emitting modules. The optical carrier signals are input to an electro-optic modulator, and microwave signals are loaded onto the optical carrier signals through electro-optic modulation.

3. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The optical carrier signal is fed into a splicable optical delay network power divider to form multiple optical delay output signals. The optical delay network consists of multiple splicable optical delay channels. The splicable optical delay channels adopt a standardized modular design architecture. Each channel consists of a dispersive fiber, a reflector, a circulator, an optical splitter, and an optical attenuator. All dispersive fibers in the splicable optical delay channels use a uniform fiber length. One end of the dispersive fiber is connected to the reflector, and the other end is connected to the circulator.

4. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The optical signal enters the scalable optical delay network through scalable optical delay channel 1. The optical input signal enters the circulator through the optical input port of the splicable optical delay channel 1, and is output through the optical output port 1 of the circulator into the dispersion delay fiber. The output signal of the dispersion delay fiber is reflected by a mirror and returns along the original path, passing through the dispersion delay fiber a second time. At this time, the optical path traveled by the optical signal in the dispersion delay fiber is twice the length of the fiber. The optical signal that passes through the dispersion delay fiber a second time is input through the optical output port 1 of the circulator and output through the optical output port 2. The optical output signal is split into two paths by an optical power divider. One path is attenuated and adjusted by an optical attenuator and output through the optical output port 3. The other path is output through an expansion port.

5. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The expansion port of scalable optical delay channel 1 is connected to the optical input port of scalable optical delay channel 2, the expansion port of scalable optical delay channel 2 is connected to the optical input port of scalable optical delay channel 3, and so on. The expansion port of scalable optical delay channel N-1 is connected to the optical input port of scalable optical delay channel N, forming a scalable optical delay network. The optical input port of dispersion delay channel 1 serves as the total optical input port of the scalable optical delay network, the expansion port of dispersion delay channel N serves as the total expansion port of the scalable optical delay network, and the optical output ports 3 of scalable optical delay channels 1, 2, 3, ..., N serve as the optical output ports of the scalable optical delay network. The optical carrier signal enters the optical delay network through the total optical input port and is output through the N optical output ports 3.

6. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Each channel's dispersion delay fiber has undergone uniform high-precision calibration and correction beforehand, with a length of [missing information]. The optical carrier signal generated by the splicable laser emitting module N has a fixed time delay after passing through the optical fiber. After the optical signal enters the dispersive fiber, it is reflected twice by a mirror and passes through the dispersive fiber again. The corresponding optical path length is... The corresponding time delay is The optical signal first enters the splicable optical delay channel 1, which outputs two delayed signals with a time delay of [value missing]. One delayed signal enters photodetector 1, and the other enters the splicable optical delay channel 2, outputting two delayed signals with a time delay of [value missing]. Similarly, the time delay of the output delay signal of the spliced ​​optical delay channel 3 is... The time delay of the output delay signal of the splicable optical delay channel N is: The time delay difference between adjacent output channels is After the optical carrier signal passes through the scalable optical delay network, it outputs a set of optical delay signals with progressively increasing time delays.

7. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The splicable optical delay channel N The output optical signal passes through a photodetector N Afterwards, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal. The DC term and high-frequency components in the optical signal are filtered out. The electrical signal component containing the microwave signal is represented as follows: ， in, E To calculate constants, Indicates the angular frequency of a microwave signal; The electrical signals output from each channel are radiated into space through the antenna array, and superimposed in the far field to form a transmitted beam; the signals of each antenna element are... The superposition field strength of the far-field direction is: Where d is the spacing between antenna elements. The phase difference between two adjacent delay branches generated by the splicable laser emitting module N. , , D The dispersion coefficient of the dispersive fiber is given. The length difference of the dispersive fiber, The spectral interval between the optical carrier signal and the center wavelength generated by the splicable laser emitting module N; The wavelength of the microwave signal. The beam is directed towards the far field. The angle corresponding to the maximum value of the direction function is the beam pointing. The beam pointing of the optical signal emitted by the stitchable laser emitting module is expressed as: in, - The wavelength difference in the dispersive fiber corresponds to the laser wavelength output by the 1st to Nth splicable laser emitting modules. By using N splicable laser emitting modules, the output of N emission beams can be achieved simultaneously.

8. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The transmitting array uses dispersive optical fiber with a center wavelength of [wavelength value missing]. For the center wavelength The optical signal has a wavelength difference of 0. The delay amount of each channel of the delay structure is the same. The microwave signals radiated by each channel through the antenna array element are superimposed in phase at infinity of the antenna array to form a transmitted beam pointing to 0°. For center wavelength less than In the case of an optical signal, the delay in each channel increases due to the increased dispersion of the optical carrier. Therefore, the main beam of the demodulated microwave signal will point counterclockwise at 0°. Conversely, when the optical carrier wavelength is greater than... With reduced delay in each channel, the main beam of the microwave signal will point clockwise at 0°. The scalable laser array has wavelengths distributed on both sides of the center wavelength, corresponding to the generation of N emission beams within a ±45° range; by alternately switching on and off the connectable laser emission modules, laser emission module 1 is on at time t1, laser emission module 2 is on at time t2, and so on. N With N laser emitting modules always on, a single emitted beam can switch back and forth within ±45°. By having N laser emitting modules on simultaneously, N emitted beams can cover ±45° at the same time. When an additional emitted beam is needed, the output port of the additional splicable laser emitting module can be connected to the expansion port of the original splicable laser emitting module to increase the number of beams.

9. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Scalable optical delay networks enable cell-level expansion of dispersion delay channels, including: Unit-level expansion uses a delay channel as a standard functional module. The module has one optical input port, one output port, and one expansion port. When expanding one channel, the optical input port of expansion channel 1 can be directly connected to the expansion port of the original channel to quickly expand one channel. When expanding two channels, the optical input port of expansion channel 2 is connected to the expansion port of expansion channel 1, and the optical input port of expansion channel 1 is connected to the expansion port of the original channel to quickly expand two channels.

10. The modular and scalable method for simultaneous multi-beam optically controlled emission arrays as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Scalable optical delay networks enable component-level scaling, including: The component-level expansion uses a 4-channel optical delay network as a standard functional component. The fiber lengths of each channel within the component are pre-calibrated. Externally, the component has one optical input port, four output ports, and one expansion port. The optical input port of the expansion component can be directly connected to the expansion port of the original component to quickly expand one component. The expansion of multiple components can be achieved simply by connecting the components to each other, thus quickly increasing the number of channels.

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