Insertion of SEI NAL units based on neural network post-processing filter (NNPF) sample sets in media file

Abstract

A mechanism for processing video data is disclosed. The mechanism includes determining to process a track including a set of neural network post-processing filter characteristics (NNPFC) samples, where the processing includes inserting supplemental enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) units, and where a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples for each layer included in the track. Conversion between the visual media data and the bitstream is performed based on the NNPFC sample set.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application 63 / 512,757, filed July 10, 2023. All of the aforementioned patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This patent document relates to the generation, storage, and use of digital audio and video media information in file formats. Background Technology

[0004] Digital video accounts for the largest share of bandwidth used on the internet and other digital communication networks. As the number of connected user devices capable of receiving and displaying video increases, the bandwidth demand for digital video is likely to continue to grow. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first aspect relates to a method for processing video data, comprising: determining a track for processing containing a set of samples of neural network post-processing filter features (NNPFC), wherein the processing includes inserting supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; and performing a conversion between visual media data and a bitstream based on the set of NNPFC samples.

[0006] The second aspect relates to an apparatus for processing video data, comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory memory having instructions thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform any of the preceding aspects.

[0007] The third aspect relates to a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video codec apparatus, the computer program product including computer-executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer-readable medium such that, when executed by a processor, the video codec apparatus performs the methods of any of the preceding aspects.

[0008] The fourth aspect relates to a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of video generated by a method performed by a video processing apparatus, wherein the method includes: determining a track for processing a set of samples containing neural network post-processing filter characteristics (NNPFC), wherein the processing includes inserting supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; and generating a bitstream based on the determination.

[0009] The fifth aspect relates to a method for storing a bitstream of video, comprising: determining a track for processing a set of samples containing neural network post-processing filter features (NNPFC), wherein the processing includes inserting supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; generating a bitstream based on the determination; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.

[0010] For clarity, any of the embodiments described above may be combined with one or more other embodiments described above to create new embodiments within the scope of this disclosure.

[0011] These and other features will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To gain a more complete understanding of this disclosure, reference is now made to the following brief description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein like reference numerals denote like parts.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating an example video processing system.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of an example video processing device.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an example method for video processing.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an example video codec system.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a block diagram showing an example encoder.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a block diagram showing an example decoder.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an example encoder.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of an example method for video processing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] First, it should be understood that although illustrative implementations of one or more embodiments are provided below, the disclosed systems and / or methods can be implemented using any number of techniques, whether currently known or yet to be developed. This disclosure should not be limited in any way to the illustrative implementations, drawings, and techniques shown below, including the exemplary designs and implementations shown and described herein, but rather to modifications within the scope of the appended claims and the full scope of their equivalents.

[0022] 1. Preliminary Discussion

[0023] This document relates to media file formats. Specifically, this disclosure relates to the storage of video bitstreams associated with neural network post-processing filters (NNPF) in media files, and the insertion of supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) units based on NNPF sample groups. These ideas can be applied individually or in various combinations to media files, depending on any media file format, such as the ISO Basic Media File Format (ISOBMFF) and file formats derived from ISOBMFF, such as the NAL units in ISOBMFF that structure video.

[0024] 2. Further discussion

[0025] 2.1 Video codec standards

[0026] Video coding standards have evolved primarily through the development of standards by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). ITU-T developed the H.261 and H.263 standards, ISO / IEC developed the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)-1 and MPEG-4 Vision, and the two organizations jointly developed the H.262 / MPEG-2 video standard and the H.264 / MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) standard and the H.265 / High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard[1]. Starting with H.262, video coding standards are based on a hybrid video coding architecture, which utilizes temporal prediction plus transform coding. In order to explore video coding technologies other than High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET) was jointly established by the Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). In addition, JVET adopted some methods and incorporated them into a reference software called the Joint Exploration Model (JEM)[2]. When the Multi-Functional Video Codec (VVC) project was officially launched, JVET was later renamed the Joint Video Experts Group (JVET). VVC[3] is a codec standard designed to reduce the bit rate by 50% compared to HEVC.

[0027] The Multi-Functional Video Coding (VVC) standard (ITU-T H.266 | ISO / IEC 23090-3) [3] and the related Multi-Functional Supplemental Enhancement Information (VSEI) standard (ITU-T H.274 | ISO / IEC 23002-7) [4] are designed for use in the widest range of applications, including simple uses such as television broadcasting, video conferencing or playback from storage media, as well as more advanced use cases such as adaptive bitrate streaming, video region extraction, synthesis and merging of content from multiple codec video bitstreams, multi-view video, scalable layer codecs and viewport adaptive 360° immersive media.

[0028] The Basic Video Codec (EVC) standard (ISO / IEC 23094-1) is another video codec standard developed by MPEG.

[0029] 2.2 File Format Standards

[0030] Media streaming applications are typically based on Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) transport methods and often rely on file formats such as ISO Basic Media File Format (ISOBMFF) [5]. One such streaming system is Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) [6]. In order to use video formats with ISOBMFF and DASH, a video format-specific file format specification, also known as the Network Abstraction Layer File Format (NALFF) [7], which includes the file format specifications of all NAL unit-based video codecs (such as AVC, HEVC, VVC, and their extensions), will be needed to encapsulate video content in ISOBMFF tracks as well as DASH representations and segments. Important information about the video bitstream (e.g., grade, layer, and level, etc.) will need to be exposed as file format level metadata and / or DASH Media Presentation Description (MPD) for content selection purposes (e.g., for selecting appropriate media segments, both for initialization at the start of a streaming session and for stream adaptation during a streaming session). Similarly, in order to use image formats with ISOBMFF, image format-specific file format specifications (such as AVC image file format and HEVC image file format in [8]) will be required.

[0031] 2.3 Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) Message

[0032] SEI messages assist in processes related to decoding, display, or other purposes. However, SEI messages are not essential for constructing luma or chroma samples during the decoding process. Standard-compliant decoders do not need to process this information to achieve output order consistency. Some SEI messages are necessary for checking bitstream consistency and output timing decoder consistency. Other SEI messages are not necessary for checking bitstream consistency.

[0033] Appendix D of AVC, HEVC, and VVC specifies the syntax and semantics of the SEI message payload for some SEI messages, and / or specifies the use of SEI messages and Video Availability Information (VUI) parameters. The syntax and semantics of SEI messages and VUI parameters are specified in other specifications such as ITU-T H.274 | ISO / IEC 23002-7.

[0034] Annex D of AVC, HEVC, and VVC specifies the syntax and semantics of the SEI message payload for some SEI messages, and specifies the use of SEI messages and / or VUI parameters. The syntax and semantics of SEI messages and / or VUI parameters are specified in other specifications such as ITU-T H.274 | ISO / IEC 23002-7.

[0035] Two examples of SEI messages are the NNPFC SEI message and the NNPFA SEI message, collectively referred to as the NNPF SEI message. JVET-AD2006[9] includes specifications for two SEI messages used for signaling neural network post-processing filters, namely the Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Feature (NNPFC) SEI message and the Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Activation (NNPFA) SEI message. JVET-AD2005

[10] includes specifications for the use of these two NNPFC SEI messages in VVC bitstreams. In addition, JVET-AE0101

[11] includes specification messages for enabling the use of NNPFC SEI messages and NNPFA SEI messages in AVC and HEVC bitstreams.

[0036] 2.4 Storage of video bitstreams associated with neural network post-processing filters in media files

[0037] The MPEG Working Group 3 (WG03) output document N0875

[12] includes the specification of the storage mechanism for video bitstreams associated with neural network post-processing filters in media files, as follows, which specifies two sample groups named NNPFC sample group and NNPFA sample group, collectively referred to as NNPF sample group.

[0038] 11.4.2 Sample Group of Characteristics of Neural Network Post-processing Filter

[0039] 11.4.22.1 Definition

[0040] The Neural Network Post-Processing Filter (NNPFC) SEI message is specified in ISO / IEC 23002-7. The NNPFC SEI message can be included in the VVC bitstream.

[0041] The NNPFC SEI message contains an nnpfc_id syntax element, which is an identifier that can be used to identify the post-processing filter involved in the NNPFC SEI message.

[0042] The NNPFC SEI message identifies the applicable post-processing filter associated with the nnpfc_id value. The use of the appropriate post-processing filter with different nnpfc_id values ​​for a specific image is indicated by the Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Activation (NNPFA) SEI message.

[0043] The NNPFC SEI message specifies a basic post-processing filter or contains neural network updates. The basic post-processing filter is identified by the first NNPFC SEI message in decoding order, having a specific nnpfc_id value within the codec layer video sequence (CLVS). If no subsequent NNPFC SEI message has the same nnpfc_id value as the basic post-processing filter, the applicable post-processing filter is the same as the basic post-processing filter. Otherwise, the applicable post-processing filter is obtained by applying the updates provided in subsequent NNPFC SEI messages as part of the ISO / IEC 15938-17 bitstream to the basic post-processing filter.

[0044] All instances of SampleToGroupBox for NNPFC sample groups must include the grouping_type_parameter. For NNPFC sample groups, the grouping_type_parameter field is specified as follows:

[0045] {

[0046] unsigned int(1) filter_update_flag;

[0047] unsigned int(31) filter_id;

[0048] }

[0049] A filter_update_flag value of 1 indicates that all sample group description entries referenced by the SampleToGroupBox contain an NNPFC SEI message that provides an update on top of the basic post-processing filter. A filter_update_flag value of 0 indicates that all sample group description entries referenced by the SampleToGroupBox contain an NNPFC SEI message that specifies the basic post-processing filter.

[0050] filter_id indicates that all sample group description entries referenced by this SampleToGroupBox contain NNPFC SEI messages with nnpfc_id equal to filter_id.

[0051] Note that, as a result of the `grouping_type_parameter` definition, post-processing filters with different `nnpfc_id` values ​​are specified in different instances of `SampleToGroupBox`. Furthermore, one `SampleToGroupBox` specifies a base post-processing filter for a particular `nnpfc_id` value, while another `SampleToGroupBox` (if any) specifies a filter update for the same `nnpfc_id` value. Therefore, it is possible to indicate that the base post-processing filter lasts longer than any filter update.

[0052] Samples should not be mapped to NnpfcSeiEntry in SampleToGroupBox with filter_update_flag equal to 0 and a specific filter_id when they are not mapped to NnpfcSeiEntry in SampleToGroupBox with filter_update_flag equal to 1 and the same filter_id.

[0053] When a track contains NNPFC sample groups, NNPFC SEI messages should not exist within the samples of that track. When a VVC track has an associated VVC non-video codec layer (non-VCL) track containing NNPFC sample groups, NNPFC SEI messages should not exist within the samples of that VVC track.

[0054] When the reader supports NNPFC sample groups, it must perform the implicit insertion of the following prefix SEI NAL cells as part of the bitstream reconstruction:

[0055] — When a sample is mapped to at least one NnpfcSeiEntry with filter_update_flag equal to 0, and the sample is

[0056] — Synchronous sampling points, or

[0057] — The first sample in the sample sequence associated with the same sample entry, or

[0058] — The first sample in the sequence of samples mapped to the same NnpfcSeiEntry with filter_update_flag equal to 0 and a specific filter_id value filterIdBase.

[0059] The sample implicitly contains a prefixed SEI NAL unit for each layer contained in the track and for each filter_id value mapped to the sample. The prefixed SEI NAL unit contains an NNPFC SEI message from an NnpfcSeiEntry with filter_update_flag equal to 0, followed by an NNPFC SEI message (if any) from an NnpfcSeiEntry with filter_update_flag equal to 1 and filter_id equal to filterIdBase mapped to the sample.

[0060] — When the sample is the first sample in a sequence of samples mapped to the same NnpfcSeiEntry with filter_update_flag equal to 1 and a specific filter_id value filterIdUpdate, and the sample is

[0061] — Not synchronous samples, and

[0062] — Not the first sample in the sample sequence associated with the same sample entry, and

[0063] — Not the first sample in the sequence of samples mapped to the same NnpfcSeiEntry with filter_update_flag equal to 0 and filter_id equal to filterIdUpdate.

[0064] The sample implicitly contains a prefix SEI NAL unit for each layer contained in the track and each filter_id value mapped to the sample, and the prefix SEI NAL unit contains an NNPFC SEI message from an NnpfcSeiEntry with filter_update_flag equal to 1.

[0065] 11.4.22.2 Syntax

[0066] aligned(8) class NnpfcSeiEntry() extends VisualSampleGroupEntry('nfcs')

[0067] {

[0068] unsigned int(8) nnpfc_sei_data_byte[];

[0069] }

[0070] 11.4.22.3 Semantics

[0071] nnpfc_sei_data_byte[] is a byte array that must contain exactly one complete NNPFC SEI message as specified in ISO / IEC 23002-7.

[0072] 11.4.23 Activation Sample Group of Neural Network Post-processing Filter

[0073] 11.4.23.1 Definition

[0074] The Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Activation (NNPFA) SEI message is specified in ISO / IEC 23002-7. The NNPFASEI message can be included in the VVC bitstream.

[0075] The NNPFA SEI message contains an nnpfa_target_id syntax element, which is an identifier that can be used to identify the post-processing filter involved in the NNPFA SEI message.

[0076] The NNPFA SEI message indicates that a suitable post-processing filter with nnpfc_id equal to nnpfa_target_id can be used to filter images containing the NNPFA SEI message.

[0077] An instance of SampleToGroupBox for an NNPFA sample group should not include the grouping_type_parameter.

[0078] When an orbit contains a group of NNPFA samples, there should be no NNPFA SEI messages within the samples of that orbit.

[0079] When the reader supports NNPFA sample groups, it must perform the implicit insertion of the following prefix SEI NAL cells as part of the bitstream reconstruction:

[0080] — When a sample is mapped to at least one NnpfaSeiEntry, the sample implicitly contains a prefix SEI NAL unit for each layer contained in the orbit, and the prefix SEI NAL unit contains an NNPFASEI message from the NnpfaSeiEntry.

[0081] When the reader processes an NNPFA sample group, it must also process the NNPFC sample group on the same track. When a VVC track has an associated VVC non-VCL track containing an NNPFA sample group, an NNPFA SEI message should not exist within the samples on that VVC track.

[0082] When an NNPFC sample group is a basic sample group and an NNPFA sample group exists in the same track, the NNPFA sample group must be a basic sample group, and the 'esgh' sample group must list 'nfcs' and 'nfas' in subsequent entries of the sample_group_description_type array.

[0083] 11.4.23.2 Syntax

[0084] aligned(8) class NnpfaSeiEntry() extends VisualSampleGroupEntry('nfas')

[0085] {

[0086] do {

[0087] unsigned int(8) nnpfa_sei_len;

[0088] if (nnpfa_sei_len > 0)

[0089] unsigned int(8) nnpfa_sei_data_byte[nnpfa_sei_len];

[0090] while (nnpfa_sei_len > 0)

[0091] }

[0092] 11.4.23.3 Semantics

[0093] A value greater than 0 for nnpfa_sei_len indicates the number of bytes in the subsequent byte array nnpfa_sei_data_byte[nnpfa_sei_len]. At least the first instance of nnpfa_sei_len must be greater than 0. nnpfa_sei_len equal to 0 indicates that no further byte arrays follow in this NnpfaSeiEntry.

[0094] nnpfa_sei_data_byte[nnpfa_sei_len] is a byte array that must contain exactly one complete NNPFA SEI message as specified in ISO / IEC 23002-7.

[0095] In sub-entry 11.6.2, add the following paragraph before the paragraph that begins with "time-aligned samples":

[0096] When the basic sample set exists in a VVC non-VCL track and the reader does not recognize the sample set, the reader must ignore and skip the VVC non-VCL track during the reconstruction of the access cell.

[0097] 3. The technical problem solved by the disclosed technical solution

[0098] The example design for storing the video bitstream associated with the neural network post-processing filter within a media file track has the following problems:

[0099] First, when a track contains NNPFC sample groups, the procedure for inserting a prefix SEI NAL unit containing the NNPFC SEI message is specified when the file reader processes the track as part of bitstream reconstruction. The prefix SEI NAL unit is the SEI NAL unit preceding the associated VCL NAL unit in decoding order. However, the NNPFC SEI message can be included in either a suffix NAL unit or a prefix NAL unit, and the current design is not suitable for applications where the application specification requires the NNPFC SEI message to be included only in a suffix NAL unit.

[0100] Second, when a track contains NNPFA sample groups, the procedure for inserting a prefix SEI NAL cell containing the NNPFA SEI message is specified when the file reader processes the track as part of the bitstream reconstruction. However, similarly, the NNPFA SEI message can be included in either a suffix NAL cell or a prefix NAL cell, and the current design would not be suitable for applications where the application specification requires the NNPFA SEI message to be included only in a suffix NAL cell.

[0101] Third, it specifies that when a file reader supports NNPFC sample groups, it must perform a specified insertion of the SEI NAL cell containing the NNPFC SEI message as part of the bitstream reconstruction. However, inserting the SEI NAL cell containing the NNPFC SEI message is only meaningful when a file reader supporting NNPFC sample groups processes tracks containing NNPFC sample groups.

[0102] Fourth, it specifies that when a file reader supports NNPFA sample groups, it must perform a specified insertion of a SEI NAL cell containing an NNPFA SEI message as part of the bitstream reconstruction. However, inserting a SEI NAL cell containing an NNPFA SEI message is only meaningful when a file reader supporting NNPFA sample groups processes tracks containing NNPFA sample groups.

[0103] 4. List of solutions and implementation examples

[0104] To address the aforementioned issues, the methods outlined below are disclosed. These aspects should be considered as examples for interpreting general concepts, and not interpreted in a narrow sense. Furthermore, these examples can be applied individually or in any combination.

[0105] 1) To solve problem 1, when the file reader processes the track, as part of the bitstream reconstruction, during the process of inserting SEI NAL units containing NNPFC SEI messages based on NNPFC sample groups, prefix SEI NAL units or suffix SEI NAL units containing NNPFC SEI messages can be inserted.

[0106] a. In one example, additionally, an indication is given via signal transmission whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted during the process.

[0107] i. In one example, for an NNPFC sample group, a bit of the grouping_type_parameter of SampleToGroupBox is used to indicate this via signal transmission.

[0108] ii. In one example, a flag is used to indicate this via signaling in NnpfcSeiEntry().

[0109] 2) To solve problem 2, when the file reader processes the track, as part of the bitstream reconstruction, during the process of inserting SEI NAL units containing NNPFA SEI messages based on NNPFA sample groups, prefix SEI NAL units or suffix SEI NAL units containing NNPFA SEI messages can be inserted.

[0110] a. In one example, additionally, an indication is given via signal transmission of whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFA SEI message or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFA SEI message is inserted during the process.

[0111] i. In one example, the indication is transmitted via signaling in NnpfaSeiEntry(), for example, using a flag.

[0112] 3) To address problem 3, it is specified that when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFC sample groups, it must perform a specified insertion of either a prefix SEI NAL cell or a suffix SEI NAL cell as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0113] 4) To address problem 4, it is specified that when the reader supports NNPFA sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFA sample groups, it must perform a specified insertion of either a prefix SEI NAL cell or a suffix SEI NAL cell as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0114] 5. Examples

[0115] The following are some example implementations of the aspects outlined in Section 4 of the previous article.

[0116] Most of the relevant sections that have been added or modified are shown in bold, and some of the deleted sections are shown in both bold and italic fonts. Other changes that may have been editable are not indicated.

[0117] 5.1 Example 1

[0118] This embodiment applies to items 1 through 4 as outlined in Section 4 of the previous article, excluding their sub-items.

[0119] 11.4.22 Sample Group of Characteristics of Neural Network Post-processing Filters

[0120] 11.4.22.1 Definition ...

[0122]

[0123] 11.4.23 Activation Sample Group of Neural Network Post-processing Filter

[0124] 11.4.23.1 Definition ...

[0126] ...

[0128] 6. References

[0129] [1] ITU-T and ISO / IEC, “Efficient video coding and decoding”, Recommendation ITU-T H.265 | ISO / IEC23008-2 (current version).

[0130] [2] J. Chen, E. Alshina, GJ Sullivan, J.-R. Ohm, J. Boyce, “Algorithmic description of Joint Exploration Test Model 7 (JEM7)”, JVET-G1001, August 2017.

[0131] [3] Recommendation ITU-T H.266 | ISO / IEC 23090-3, “Multi-functional video coding and decoding”, 2022.

[0132] [4] ITU-T Recommendation H.274 | ISO / IEC 23002-7, “Multifunctional supplementary enhancement information messages for encoding and decoding video bitstreams”, 2022.

[0133] [5] ISO / IEC 14496-12: "Information technology - Encoding and decoding of audiovisual objects - Part 12: ISO basic media file format".

[0134] [6] ISO / IEC 23009-1: "Information technology - Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) - Part 1: Media presentation description and segment format".

[0135] [7] ISO / IEC 14496-15: "Information technology - Encoding and decoding of audiovisual objects - Part 15: Carrying of structured video in the Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) unit of the ISO Basic Media File Format".

[0136] [8] ISO / IEC 23008-12: "Information technology - efficient encoding and decoding and media transmission in heterogeneous environments - Part 12: image file formats".

[0137] [9] S. McCarthy, T. Chujoh, M. Hannuksela, GJ Sullivan and Y.-K. Wang (eds.), “Additional SEI Messages to VSEI (Draft 4)”, JVET Output Document JVET-AD2006, which is publicly available online here: https: / / www.jvet-experts.org / doc_end_user / current_document.php?id=12976.

[0138]

[10] E. François, B. Bross, MM Hannuksela, A. Tourapis and Y.-K. Wang (eds.), “New Levels and System-Related Supplemental Enhancements for VVC (Draft 5),” JVET Output Document JVET-AD2005, is publicly available online here: https: / / www.jvet-experts.org / doc_end_user / current_document.php?id=12975.

[0139]

[11] T. Ikai, T. Chujoh, Y.-K. Wang, J. Xu and W. Jia, “Neural Network Post-Processing Filters and Phase Indication SEI Messages for AVC and HEVC”, JVET Input Document JVET-AE0101, is publicly available online here: https: / / www.jvet-experts.org / doc_end_user / current_document.php?id=13049.

[0140]

[12] ISO / IEC JTC 1 / SC 29 / WG 03 Output Document N0875, “14496-15 6th Edition AMD 3 Support for Neural Network Post-Processing Filters with Additional Enhancement Information and Other Improvements”, April 2023.

[0141] Figure 1This is a block diagram illustrating an example video processing system 4000 in which various techniques disclosed herein may be implemented. Various implementations may include some or all of the components of system 4000. System 4000 may include an input 4002 for receiving video content. The video content may be received in a raw or uncompressed format, such as 8 or 10-bit multi-component pixel values, or it may be received in a compressed or encoded format. Input 4002 may represent a network interface, a peripheral bus interface, or a storage interface. Examples of network interfaces include wired interfaces (such as Ethernet, Passive Optical Networking (PON), etc.) and wireless interfaces (such as Wi-Fi or cellular interfaces).

[0142] System 4000 may include an encoding / decoding component 4004 capable of implementing the various encoding / decoding or coding methods described in this document. Encoding / decoding component 4004 can reduce the average bit rate from the video input 4002 to the output of encoding / decoding component 4004 to produce an encoded / decoded representation of the video. Encoding / decoding techniques are therefore sometimes referred to as video compression or video transcoding techniques. The output of encoding / decoding component 4004 may be stored or transmitted via a communication connection, such as that represented by component 4006. The stored or communicatively transmitted bitstream (or encoded / decoded) representation of the video received at input 4002 may be used by component 4008 to generate pixel values ​​or displayable video that is sent to display interface 4010. The process of generating user-visible video from the bitstream representation is sometimes referred to as video decompression. Furthermore, although some video processing operations are referred to as “encoding / decoding” operations or tools, it should be understood that encoding / decoding tools or operations are used by the encoder, and the corresponding decoding tools or operations that inversely convert the encoding / decoding results will be performed by the decoder.

[0143] Examples of peripheral bus interfaces or display interfaces may include Universal Serial Bus (USB), High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), or DisplayPort. Examples of storage interfaces include Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE), etc. The technologies described in this document can be embodied in a variety of electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, smartphones, or other devices capable of performing digital data processing and / or video display.

[0144] Figure 2This is a block diagram of an example video processing apparatus 4100. Apparatus 4100 can be used to implement one or more methods described herein. Apparatus 4100 can be embodied in a smartphone, tablet, computer, Internet of Things (IoT) receiver, etc. Apparatus 4100 may include one or more processors 4102, one or more memories 4104, and video processing circuitry 4106. Processor 4102 can be configured to implement one or more methods described herein. Memory 4104 can be used to store data and code for implementing the methods and techniques described herein. Video processing circuitry 4106 can be used to implement some of the techniques described herein in hardware circuitry. In some embodiments, video processing circuitry 4106 may be at least partially included in processor 4102, such as a graphics coprocessor.

[0145] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an example method 4200 for video processing. Method 4200 includes: in step 4202, when a file reader processes a track as part of bitstream reconstruction, during the insertion of Supplementary Enhancement Information (SEI) Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units containing NNPFC SEI messages based on Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Characteristics (NNPFC) sample groups, determining whether to insert a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing NNPFC SEI messages. In step 4204, performing a conversion between visual media data and the bitstream based on the NNPFC SEI messages. This conversion may include encoding at the encoder, decoding at the decoder, or a combination thereof.

[0146] It should be noted that method 4200 can be implemented in a means of processing video data, including a processor and a non-transitory memory having instructions thereon, such as a video encoder 4400, a video decoder 4500, and / or an encoder 4600. In this case, the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform method 4200. Furthermore, method 4200 can be executed by a non-transitory computer-readable medium including a computer program product for use by a video encoding / decoding device. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer-readable medium, causing the video encoding / decoding device to perform method 4200 when executed by a processor.

[0147] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an example video encoding / decoding system 4300 from which the techniques of this disclosure can be utilized. The video encoding / decoding system 4300 may include a source device 4310 and a target device 4320. The source device 4310 generates encoded video data, and this source device 4310 may be referred to as a video encoding device. The target device 4320 can decode the encoded video data generated by the source device 4310, and this target device 4320 may be referred to as a video decoding device.

[0148] Source device 4310 may include video source 4312, video encoder 4314, and input / output (I / O) interface 4316. Video source 4312 may include sources such as video capture devices, interfaces for receiving video data from video content providers, and / or computer graphics systems for generating video data, or combinations thereof. Video data may include one or more pictures. Video encoder 4314 encodes the video data from video source 4312 to generate a bitstream. The bitstream may include a sequence of bits forming a codec representation of the video data. The bitstream may include codec pictures and associated data. Codec pictures are codec representations of pictures. Associated data may include sequence parameter sets, picture parameter sets, and other syntax structures. I / O interface 4316 may include a modulator / demodulator (modem) and / or a transmitter. Encoded video data may be transmitted directly to target device 4320 via network 4330 through I / O interface 4316. Encoded video data may also be stored on storage medium / server 4340 for access by target device 4320.

[0149] Target device 4320 may include I / O interface 4326, video decoder 4324, and display device 4322. I / O interface 4326 may include a receiver and / or a modem. I / O interface 4326 may acquire encoded video data from source device 4310 or storage medium / server 4340. Video decoder 4324 may decode the encoded video data. Display device 4322 may display the decoded video data to a user. Display device 4322 may be integrated with target device 4320 or may be external to target device 4320, wherein target device 4320 may be configured to interface with an external display device.

[0150] The video encoder 4314 and the video decoder 4324 can operate according to video compression standards, such as the High Efficiency Video Codec (HEVC) standard, the Multi-Functional Video Codec (VVC) standard, and other existing and / or further standards.

[0151] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of a video encoder 4400, wherein the video encoder 4400 may be... Figure 4 The system 4300 shown includes a video encoder 4314. The video encoder 4400 can be configured to perform any or all of the techniques disclosed herein. The video encoder 4400 includes multiple functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure can be shared among the various components of the video encoder 4400. In some examples, a processor can be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.

[0152] The functional components of the video encoder 4400 may include a segmentation unit 4401, a prediction unit 4402, a residual generation unit 4407, a transform unit 4408, a quantization unit 4409, an inverse quantization unit 4410, an inverse transform unit 4411, a reconstruction unit 4412, a buffer 4413, and an entropy coding unit 4414. The prediction unit 4402 may include a mode selection unit 4403, a motion estimation unit 4404, a motion compensation unit 4405, and an intra-frame prediction unit 4406.

[0153] In other examples, the video encoder 4400 may include more, fewer, or different functional components. In one example, the prediction unit 4402 may include an intra-block copy (IBC) unit. The IBC unit can perform prediction in an IBC mode, where at least one reference picture is the picture in which the current video block is located.

[0154] Furthermore, some components such as the motion estimation unit 4404 and the motion compensation unit 4405 can be highly integrated, but for illustrative purposes, they are shown separately in the example of the video encoder 4400.

[0155] The segmentation unit 4401 can segment an image into one or more video blocks. The video encoder 4400 and the video decoder 4500 can support various video block sizes.

[0156] The mode selection unit 4403 can select one of several encoding / decoding modes (intra-frame encoding / decoding or inter-frame encoding / decoding), for example, based on error results, and provide the resulting intra-frame or inter-frame encoded / decoded block to the residual generation unit 4407 to generate residual block data, and to the reconstruction unit 4412 to reconstruct the coded block for use as a reference image. In some examples, the mode selection unit 4403 can select an intra-frame / inter-frame joint prediction (CIIP) mode, where prediction is based on inter-frame prediction signals and intra-frame prediction signals. In the case of inter-frame prediction, the mode selection unit 4403 can also select a resolution for the block based on motion vectors (e.g., sub-pixel precision or integer pixel precision).

[0157] To perform inter-frame prediction on the current video block, motion estimation unit 4404 can generate motion information for the current video block by comparing one or more reference frames from buffer 4413 with the current video block. Motion compensation unit 4405 can determine a predicted video block for the current video block based on the motion information and decoded samples of images from buffer 4413 other than the image associated with the current video block.

[0158] The motion estimation unit 4404 and the motion compensation unit 4405 can perform different operations on the current video block, for example, depending on whether the current video block is in an I-band, P-band, or B-band.

[0159] In some examples, motion estimation unit 4404 can perform unidirectional prediction on the current video block, and can search the reference images in list 0 or list 1 to find a reference video block for the current video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 can then generate a reference index indicating the reference image containing the reference video block in list 0 or list 1, and a motion vector indicating the spatial displacement between the current video block and the reference video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 can output the reference index and motion vector of the current video block as motion information for the current video block. Motion compensation unit 4405 can generate a predicted video block for the current block based on the reference video block indicated by the motion information of the current video block.

[0160] In other examples, motion estimation unit 4404 can perform bidirectional prediction on the current video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 can search for reference images in list 0 to find a reference video block for the current video block, and can also search for reference images in list 1 to find another reference video block for the current video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 can then generate reference indices indicating the reference images containing the reference video blocks in lists 0 and 1, and motion vectors indicating the spatial displacement between the reference video blocks and the current video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 can output the reference index and motion vector of the current video block as motion information for the current video block. Motion compensation unit 4405 can generate a predicted video block for the current video block based on the reference video blocks indicated by the motion information of the current video block.

[0161] In some examples, the motion estimation unit 4404 can output a complete set of motion information for use in the decoder's decoding process. In some examples, the motion estimation unit 4404 may not output a complete set of motion information for the current video. Instead, the motion estimation unit 4404 can reference the motion information of another video block to transmit the motion information of the current video block via a signal. For example, the motion estimation unit 4404 may determine that the motion information of the current video block is sufficiently similar to the motion information of neighboring video blocks.

[0162] In one example, the motion estimation unit 4404 may indicate a value to the video decoder 4500 in the syntax structure associated with the current video block, which indicates that the current video block has the same motion information as another video block.

[0163] In another example, motion estimation unit 4404 may identify another video block and motion vector difference (MVD) in the syntax structure associated with the current video block. The motion vector difference indicates the difference between the motion vector of the current video block and the motion vector of the indicated video block. Video decoder 4500 may use the motion vector of the indicated video block and the motion vector difference to determine the motion vector of the current video block.

[0164] As discussed above, the video encoder 4400 can transmit motion vectors via signaling in a predictive manner. Two examples of predictive signaling techniques that can be implemented by the video encoder 4400 include Advanced Motion Vector Prediction (AMVP) and Merge Pattern Signaling.

[0165] Intra-prediction unit 4406 can perform intra-prediction on the current video block. When intra-prediction unit 4406 performs intra-prediction on the current video block, it can generate prediction data for the current video block based on decoded samples of other video blocks in the same frame. The prediction data for the current video block can include the predicted video block and various syntax elements.

[0166] The residual generation unit 4407 can generate residual data for the current video block by subtracting the predicted video block of the current video block from the current video block. The residual data for the current video block may include residual video blocks corresponding to different sample components of the samples in the current video block.

[0167] In other examples, such as in skip mode, there may be no residual data for the current video block, and the residual generation unit 4407 may not perform subtraction operations.

[0168] Transform unit 4408 can generate one or more transform coefficient video blocks for the current video block by applying one or more transforms to the residual video blocks associated with the current video block.

[0169] After the transform unit 4408 generates a transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block, the quantization unit 4409 can quantize the transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block based on one or more quantization parameter (QP) values ​​associated with the current video block.

[0170] The inverse quantization unit 4410 and the inverse transform unit 4411 can apply inverse quantization and inverse transform to the transform coefficient video block respectively to reconstruct the residual video block from the transform coefficient video block. The reconstruction unit 4412 can add the reconstructed residual video block to the corresponding samples of one or more predicted video blocks generated by the prediction unit 4402 to generate a reconstructed video block associated with the current block, which is stored in the buffer 4413.

[0171] After the video block is reconstructed by reconstruction unit 4412, a loop filtering operation can be performed to reduce video block artifacts in the video block.

[0172] Entropy encoding unit 4414 can receive data from other functional components of video encoder 4400. When entropy encoding unit 4414 receives data, it can perform one or more entropy encoding operations to generate entropy-encoded data and output a bitstream including the entropy-encoded data.

[0173] Figure 6 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of a video decoder 4500, wherein the video decoder 4500 may be... Figure 4 The system 4300 shown includes a video decoder 4324. The video decoder 4500 can be configured to perform any or all of the techniques disclosed herein. In the example shown, the video decoder 4500 includes multiple functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure can be shared among the various components of the video decoder 4500. In some examples, a processor can be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.

[0174] In the example shown, the video decoder 4500 includes an entropy decoding unit 4501, a motion compensation unit 4502, an intra-frame prediction unit 4503, an inverse quantization unit 4504, an inverse transform unit 4505, a reconstruction unit 4506, and a buffer 4507. In some examples, the video decoder 4500 can perform a decoding process that is generally contrasted with the encoding process described with respect to the video encoder 4400.

[0175] The entropy decoding unit 4501 can retrieve the encoded bitstream. The encoded bitstream may include entropy-encoded video data (e.g., encoded video data blocks). The entropy decoding unit 4501 can decode the entropy-encoded video data, and based on the entropy-encoded video data, the motion compensation unit 4502 can determine motion information including motion vectors, motion vector precision, reference image list index, and other motion information. The motion compensation unit 4502 can determine this information, for example, by executing AMVP and Merge modes.

[0176] The motion compensation unit 4502 can generate motion compensation blocks and can perform interpolation based on an interpolation filter. An identifier for the interpolation filter to be used with sub-pixel precision can be included in the syntax element.

[0177] The motion compensation unit 4502 can use interpolation filters, such as those used by the video encoder 4400 during the encoding of a video block, to calculate interpolations for sub-integer pixels of a reference block. The motion compensation unit 4502 can determine the interpolation filter used by the video encoder 4400 based on the received syntax information, and the motion compensation unit 4502 can use the interpolation filter to generate a prediction block.

[0178] The motion compensation unit 4502 may use some syntax information to determine the size of the blocks of frames and / or stripes used to encode the encoded video sequence, segmentation information describing how each macroblock of the picture of the encoded video sequence is segmented, a mode indicating how each segment is encoded, one or more reference frames (and a list of reference frames) for each inter-frame codec block, and other information for decoding the encoded video sequence.

[0179] Intra-prediction unit 4503 can use, for example, an intra-prediction mode received in the bitstream to form prediction blocks from spatially adjacent blocks. Inverse quantization unit 4504 inverse quantizes (i.e., dequantizes) the quantized video block coefficients provided in the bitstream and decoded by entropy decoding unit 4501. Inverse transform unit 4505 applies the inverse transform.

[0180] The reconstruction unit 4506 can add the residual block to the corresponding predicted block generated by the motion compensation unit 4502 or the intra-frame prediction unit 4503 to form a decoded block. If necessary, a deblocking filter can also be used to filter the decoded block to remove block artifacts. The decoded video block is then stored in a buffer 4507, which provides a reference block for subsequent motion compensation / intra-frame prediction and also generates decoded video for presentation on a display device.

[0181] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the example encoder 4600. Encoder 4600 is suitable for implementing VVC techniques. Encoder 4600 includes three loop filters: a deblocking filter (DF) 4602, a sample adaptive compensation (SAO) 4604, and an adaptive loop filter (ALF) 4606. Unlike DF 4602, which uses predefined filters, SAO 4604 and ALF 4606 utilize the original samples of the current image, reducing the mean square error between the original and reconstructed samples by adding offsets and applying finite impulse response (FIR) filters respectively, and utilizing the side information from the encoding and decoding through signal transmission offsets and filter coefficients. ALF 4606 is located in the last processing stage of each image and can be considered as a tool attempting to capture and repair artifacts caused by previous stages.

[0182] The encoder 4600 also includes an intra-frame prediction component 4608 and a motion estimation / compensation (ME / MC) component 4610 configured to receive input video. The intra-frame prediction component 4608 is configured to perform intra-frame prediction, while the ME / MC component 4610 is configured to perform inter-frame prediction using a reference image obtained from a reference image buffer 4612. Residual blocks from inter-frame or intra-frame prediction are fed into a transform (T) component 4614 and a quantization (Q) component 4616 to generate quantized residual transform coefficients, which are then fed into an entropy encoding / decoding component 4618. The entropy encoding / decoding component 4618 entropy-encodes and decodes the prediction results and quantized transform coefficients and transmits them to a video decoder (not shown). The quantization component output from the quantization component 4616 can be fed into an inverse quantization (IQ) component 4620, an inverse transform component 4622, and a reconstruction (REC) component 4624. REC component 4624 can output images to DF 4602, SAO 4604 and ALF 4606 for filtering before these images are stored in reference image buffer 4612.

[0183] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of an example method 4700 for video processing. Method 4700 includes: in step 4702, determining a track for processing containing a set of Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Features (NNPFC) samples, wherein the processing includes inserting Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples. In step 4704, performing a conversion between visual media data and a bitstream based on the NNPFC sample set. This conversion may include encoding at an encoder, decoding at a decoder, or a combination thereof.

[0184] It should be noted that method 4700 can be implemented in a means of processing video data, including a processor and a non-transitory memory having instructions thereon, such as a video encoder 4400, a video decoder 4500, and / or an encoder 4600. In this case, the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform method 4700. Furthermore, method 4700 can be executed by a non-transitory computer-readable medium including a computer program product for use by a video encoding / decoding device. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer-readable medium, causing the video encoding / decoding device to perform method 4700 when executed by a processor.

[0185] The following provides a list of preferred solutions as examples.

[0186] The following solutions illustrate examples of the techniques discussed in this article.

[0187] 1. A method for processing media data, comprising: when a file reader processes a track as part of a bitstream reconstruction, determining, during the insertion of a supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit containing an NNPFC SEI message based on a set of neural network post-processing filter characteristics (NNPFC) sample points, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message; and performing a conversion between visual media data and a bitstream based on the NNPFC SEI message.

[0188] 2. The method according to Solution 1, wherein an indication is transmitted via signal transmission as to whether to insert a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message.

[0189] 3. The method according to any one of solutions 1-2, wherein for the NNPFC sample group, the indication is transmitted via signaling using one bit of the grouping_type_parameter of SampleToGroupBox.

[0190] 4. The method according to any one of solutions 1-3, wherein the indication is transmitted via signal in NnpfcSeiEntry() using a flag.

[0191] 5. The method according to any one of solutions 1-4, wherein when the file reader processes a track as part of bitstream reconstruction, during the insertion of SEI NAL units containing NNPFA SEI messages based on the neural network post-processing filter activation (NNPFA) sample group, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing NNPFA SEI messages is inserted.

[0192] 6. The method according to any one of solutions 1-5, wherein during the process, an indication is transmitted via signal transmission as to whether to insert a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFA SEI message or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message.

[0193] 7. The method according to any one of solutions 1-6, wherein the indication is transmitted by signal in NnpfaSeiEntry() using a flag.

[0194] 8. The method according to any one of solutions 1-7, wherein when the reader supports the NNPFC sample group, and when processing a track containing the NNPFC sample group, the insertion of the prefix SEI NAL unit or the suffix SEI NAL unit is performed as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0195] 9. The method according to any one of solutions 1-8, wherein when the reader supports the NNPFA sample group, and when processing a track containing the NNPFA sample group, the insertion of the prefix SEI NAL unit or the suffix SEI NAL unit is performed as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0196] 10. An apparatus for processing video data, comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory memory having instructions thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of solutions 1-9.

[0197] 11. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video codec device, the computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer-readable medium such that, when executed by a processor, the video codec device performs the method according to any one of solutions 1-9.

[0198] 12. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of video generated by a method performed by a video processing apparatus, wherein the method comprises: determining, during the insertion of a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message, while a file reader processes a track as part of a bitstream reconstruction, inserting a supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit containing an NNPFC SEI message based on a set of neural network post-processing filter characteristics (NNPFC) sample points; and generating a bitstream based on the determination.

[0199] 13. A method for storing a bitstream of video, comprising: determining, during the insertion of a prefix SEINAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message during the insertion of a Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) unit containing an NNPFC SEI message based on a set of Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Characteristics (NNPFC) sample points; generating a bitstream based on the determination; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.

[0200] 14. A method, apparatus or system described in this document.

[0201] The following solutions illustrate further examples of the techniques discussed in this article.

[0202] 1. A method for processing media data, comprising: determining a track for processing containing a set of samples of neural network post-processing filter features (NNPFC), wherein the processing includes inserting supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; and performing a conversion between visual media data and a bitstream based on the set of NNPFC samples.

[0203] 2. The method according to Solution 1, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups, the processing includes the insertion of the SEI NAL unit as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0204] 3. The method according to any one of solutions 1-2, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFC sample groups, the reader must perform the insertion of SEI NAL cells as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0205] 4. The method according to any one of solutions 1-3, wherein an indication is transmitted in the bit stream via signaling to indicate whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted.

[0206] 5. The method according to any one of solutions 1-4, wherein for an NNPFC sample group, the indication is transmitted via signaling using one bit of the grouping_type_parameter of the SampleToGroupBox.

[0207] 6. The method according to any one of solutions 1-5, wherein the indication is transmitted by signal in the flag of the NNPFC SEI entry (NnpfcSeiEntry()).

[0208] 7. The method according to any one of solutions 1-6, wherein when the reader processes the track, a Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Activation (NNPFA) SEI message is inserted as a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit into the NNPFA sample in the NNPFA sample group as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0209] 8. The method according to any one of solutions 1-7, wherein a second indication is transmitted in the bit stream by signaling to indicate whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFA SEI message is inserted or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFA SEI message is inserted.

[0210] 9. The method according to any one of solutions 1-8, wherein the second indication is transmitted by signal in the second flag of the NNPFA SEI entry (NnpfaSeiEntry()).

[0211] 10. The method according to any one of solutions 1-9, wherein when the reader supports NNPFA sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFA sample groups, the reader must perform the insertion of prefix SEI NAL units or suffix SEI NAL units as part of bitstream reconstruction.

[0212] 11. The method according to any one of solutions 1-10, wherein the conversion includes encoding the visual media data into the bitstream.

[0213] 12. The method according to any one of solutions 1-10, wherein the conversion includes decoding the visual media data from the bitstream.

[0214] 13. An apparatus for processing video data, comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory memory having instructions thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of solutions 1-12.

[0215] 14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video codec device, the computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer-readable medium such that, when executed by a processor, the video codec device performs the method according to any one of solutions 1-12.

[0216] 15. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of video generated by a method performed by a video processing apparatus, wherein the method comprises: determining a track for processing a set of samples containing Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Characteristics (NNPFC), wherein the processing comprises inserting Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; and generating a bitstream based on the determination.

[0217] 16. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to Solution 15, wherein when the reader supports the NNPFC sample group, the processing includes the insertion of the SEI NAL cell as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0218] 17. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to any one of solutions 15-16, wherein when the reader supports the NNPFC sample group and when processing a track containing the NNPFC sample group, the reader performs the insertion of SEINAL cells as part of bitstream reconstruction.

[0219] 18. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to any one of solutions 15-17, wherein an indication is transmitted in the bit stream by signaling to indicate whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted.

[0220] 19. A method for storing a bitstream of video, comprising: determining a track for processing a set of samples containing neural network post-processing filter features (NNPFC), wherein the processing includes inserting supplementary enhancement information (SEI) network abstraction layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; generating a bitstream based on the determination; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.

[0221] 20. The method according to solution 19, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups, the processing includes the insertion of the SEI NAL unit as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

[0222] 21. The method according to any one of solutions 19-20, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFC sample groups, the reader must perform the insertion of SEI NAL cells as part of bitstream reconstruction.

[0223] 22. The method according to any one of solutions 19-21, wherein an indication in the signal transmission bit stream is used to indicate whether to insert a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message.

[0224] In the described solution, the encoder conforms to the format rules by generating a codec representation based on those rules. In the described solution, the decoder can parse the syntax elements in the codec representation using knowledge of the presence or absence of syntax elements according to the format rules, thereby producing the decoded video.

[0225] In this document, the term "video processing" can refer to video encoding, video decoding, video compression, or video decompression. For example, a video compression algorithm can be applied during the conversion from the pixel representation of a video to the corresponding bitstream representation, and vice versa. For example, the bitstream representation of the current video block can correspond to bits at the same position in the bitstream defined by the syntax or bits propagated at different positions. For example, a macroblock can be encoded based on the error residual value after transformation and encoding / decoding, and can also use bits from the header and other fields in the bitstream. Furthermore, during the conversion, the decoder can resolve the bitstream based on determination, knowing whether some fields may or may not be present, as described in the solutions above. Similarly, the encoder can determine whether to include or exclude specific syntax fields and generate the codec representation accordingly by including or excluding syntax fields from the codec representation.

[0226] The disclosed and other solutions, examples, embodiments, modules, and functional operations described in this document can be implemented in digital electronic circuits, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware, including the structures disclosed in this document and their structural equivalents, or in combinations thereof. The disclosed embodiments and other embodiments can be implemented as one or more computer program products, i.e., one or more computer program instruction modules encoded on a computer-readable medium for execution by or control of the operation of a data processing apparatus. The computer-readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a storage device, a composition of substances influencing machine-readable propagation signals, or one or more combinations thereof. The term "data processing apparatus" includes all means, devices, and machines for processing data, including, for example, a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple processors or computers. In addition to hardware, the apparatus may also include code that creates an execution environment for an associated computer program, such as code constituting processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, or one or more combinations thereof. Propagation signals are artificially generated signals, such as machine-generated electrical signals, optical signals, or electromagnetic signals, which are generated to encode information to be transmitted to a suitable receiver device.

[0227] Computer programs (also known as programs, software, software applications, scripts, or code) can be written in any programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and can be deployed in any form, including standalone programs or modules, components, subroutines, or other units suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a markup language document), in a single file dedicated to the related program, or in multiple co-located files (e.g., a file storing one or more modules, subroutines, or code portions). A computer program can be deployed to execute on one computer or on multiple computers located at a single site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communications network.

[0228] The processing and logic flows described in this document can be executed by one or more programmable processors that execute one or more computer programs to perform functions by manipulating input data and generating outputs. The processing and logic flows can also be executed by special-purpose logic circuitry, and the devices can be implemented as special-purpose logic circuitry, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).

[0229] Processors suitable for executing computer programs include, for example, general-purpose and special-purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors in any type of digital computer. Typically, the processor receives instructions and data from read-only memory or random access memory, or both. The basic components of a computer are a processor that executes instructions and one or more storage devices that store the instructions and data. Typically, a computer will also include one or more mass storage devices for storing data, such as magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks. However, a computer does not necessarily have such devices. Computer-readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media, and storage devices, including, for example, semiconductor storage devices such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks or removable hard disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs. The processor and memory may be supplemented by or incorporated into special-purpose logic circuitry.

[0230] While this patent document contains numerous details, these details should not be construed as limiting any subject matter or the scope of the claims, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments of a particular technology. In this patent document, certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented separately in multiple embodiments, or in any suitable sub-combination. Furthermore, although features may function in certain combinations as described above, and even were originally claimed in this manner, in some cases one or more features in the claimed combination may be removed from that combination, and the claimed combination may be for sub-combinations or variations thereof.

[0231] Similarly, although operations are depicted in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as requiring such operations to be performed sequentially in the specific order or sequence shown, or requiring all shown operations to be performed in order to achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the division of various system components in the embodiments described in this patent document should not be construed as requiring such division in all embodiments.

[0232] Only a few implementations and examples are described, and other implementations, improvements and variations can be made based on what is described and shown in this patent document.

[0233] When there are no intermediate components (other than lines, traces, or other media between the first and second components), the first component is directly coupled to the second component. When there are intermediate components other than lines, traces, or other media between the first and second components, the first component is indirectly coupled to the second component. The term "coupled" and its variations include direct coupling and indirect coupling. The use of the term "about" means including a range of ±10% of the following figures, unless otherwise specified.

[0234] While several embodiments have been provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. The present examples are to be considered illustrative rather than restrictive and are not intended to limit this disclosure to the details set forth herein. For example, various elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or certain features may be omitted or not implemented.

[0235] Furthermore, the technologies, systems, subsystems, and methods described and illustrated in the various embodiments as discrete or separate may be combined or integrated with other systems, modules, technologies, or methods without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Other items shown or discussed as couplings may be directly connected or indirectly coupled or communicated through some interface, device, or intermediate component, whether electrical, mechanical, or otherwise. Examples of other variations, substitutions, and alterations can be determined by those skilled in the art and may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for processing media data, comprising: The process involves determining a track containing a set of samples of Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Features (NNPFC), wherein the process includes inserting Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, either a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; and The conversion between visual media data and bitstream is performed based on the NNPFC sample group.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups, the processing includes the insertion of the SEI NAL unit as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

3. The method of any one of claims 1-2, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFC sample groups, the reader must perform the insertion of SEI NAL units as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein an indication is transmitted in the bit stream to indicate whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted or a suffix SEINAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted.

5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, for an NNPFC sample group, the indication is transmitted via signaling using one bit of the grouping_type_parameter of the SampleToGroupBox.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the indication is transmitted by signaling in a flag in the NNPFC SEI entry (NnpfcSeiEntry()).

7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein when the reader processes the track, a Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Activation (NNPFA) SEI message is inserted as a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit into the NNPFA sample in the NNPFA sample group as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a second indication is transmitted in the bit stream to indicate whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFA SEI message is inserted or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFA SEI message is inserted.

9. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second indication is transmitted by signaling in the second flag of the NNPFA SEI entry (NnpfaSeiEntry()).

10. The method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein when the reader supports NNPFA sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFA sample groups, the reader must perform the insertion of prefix SEI NAL units or suffix SEI NAL units as part of bitstream reconstruction.

11. The method of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the conversion comprises encoding the visual media data into the bitstream.

12. The method of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the conversion comprises decoding the visual media data from the bitstream.

13. An apparatus for processing video data, comprising: processor; And a non-transitory memory having instructions thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-12.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video codec apparatus, the computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer-readable medium such that, when executed by a processor, the video codec apparatus performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-12.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of video generated by a method performed by a video processing apparatus, wherein the method includes: The process involves determining a track containing a set of samples of Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Features (NNPFC), wherein the process includes inserting Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, either a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples; and The bit stream is generated based on the determination.

16. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium of claim 15, wherein when the reader supports the NNPFC sample group, the processing includes the insertion of the SEI NAL cell as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

17. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium of any one of claims 15-16, wherein when the reader supports the NNPFC sample group and when processing a track containing the NNPFC sample group, the reader must perform the insertion of SEI NAL cells as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

18. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium of any one of claims 15-17, wherein the bit stream is signaled to indicate whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted.

19. A method for storing a video bitstream, comprising: The process involves determining a track that includes a set of samples containing Neural Network Post-Processing Filter Features (NNPFC) characteristics, wherein the process includes inserting Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units, and wherein for each layer contained in the track, a prefix SEI NAL unit or a suffix SEI NAL unit is inserted into the NNPFC samples. Based on the determination, a bit stream is generated; as well as The bit stream is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups, the processing includes the insertion of the SEINAL unit as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

21. The method of any one of claims 19-20, wherein when the reader supports NNPFC sample groups and when processing tracks containing NNPFC sample groups, the reader must perform the insertion of SEI NAL cells as part of the bitstream reconstruction.

22. The method of any one of claims 19-21, wherein an indication is transmitted in the bit stream to indicate whether a prefix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted or a suffix SEI NAL unit containing an NNPFC SEI message is inserted.

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