Methanol alternate reforming hydrogen production device driven by non-concentrating solar energy

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy preparation, and discloses a non-concentrating solar energy driven methanol alternate reforming hydrogen production apparatus, which comprises a plurality of glass tubes capable of independently receiving natural radiation of the sun, each glass tube is internally provided with a heat pipe reactor, and the heat pipe reactor is sequentially filled with a catalyst, a hydrogen adsorbent, a carbon dioxide adsorbent and other functional materials. The device can be highly matched with a natural radiation heat source, a heat collection and reaction integrated structure can be formed without a collecting lens set, and the device has the advantages of being simple in structure, stable in operation and the like; besides, reaction equilibrium is pushed to move right by utilizing alternate adsorption and separation of products, so that low-temperature efficient operation is realized, integrated methanol reforming hydrogen production of periodic alternate reaction and separation can be realized in a single structure, the bottleneck of limited low-temperature conversion efficiency can be broken through, and the problems of high energy consumption and high cost caused by traditional high-temperature operation can be avoided; the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy is improved, and meanwhile carbon emission is effectively reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the hydrogen energy preparation technical field and discloses a non-concentrating solar energy driven methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of hydrogen energy, methanol reforming has become one of the important hydrogen production paths due to the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, high hydrogen content, convenient storage and transportation, and mild reaction. Existing methanol reforming technologies mainly include industrial fixed systems and vehicle-mounted / distributed systems. The former usually relies on electric heating or high-temperature furnace bodies, and the operating temperature is generally above 250-300 DEG C. Although the hydrogen production process is mature, high-temperature operation leads to high energy consumption, high equipment cost and safety risks, which is not conducive to low-cost popularization and application. The latter combines a light-concentrating solar energy technology as a heat source, relies on a light-concentrating mirror group, a tracking device and a complex light-heat coupling structure, and is not only expensive and complex to maintain, but also has high requirements for sunlight conditions and environment, and is difficult to stably operate in a wide range of outdoor scenes.

[0003] In recent years, non-concentrating solar energy heat collection technology has developed rapidly, and relying on a spectrum-selective absorption coating, a medium-temperature heat source of 150-200 DEG C can be obtained under natural radiation conditions. This temperature range is highly close to the reaction requirement of methanol low-temperature reforming, which provides a new possibility for realizing low-temperature hydrogen production driven by solar energy. However, the traditional high-temperature reaction path is not suitable for this temperature range: on the one hand, the reaction heat driving force is insufficient, and the methanol conversion rate is limited by the balance; on the other hand, if only a fixed reactor is used, it is difficult to realize high hydrogen production efficiency under limited temperature conditions.

[0004] The existing technology has not solved the core problem of matching the reaction temperature reduction and the non-concentrating heat collection. The existing scheme either maintains high-temperature reaction and has low energy efficiency or relies on an expensive light-concentrating system, and both are difficult to realize stable operation under the condition of simple structure and controllable cost. At the same time, in order to obtain high-purity hydrogen, the traditional system usually needs an additional membrane separation or adsorption unit, which not only increases the integration complexity, but also increases the system operation and maintenance difficulty. Especially under the condition of non-concentrating solar energy, how to realize the periodic alternating operation of reaction and separation in a single structure still lacks a mature and reliable design. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide a non-concentrating solar energy driven methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production device, which can form a heat collection and reaction integrated structure without a light-concentrating mirror group, so as to realize low-temperature and high-efficiency operation, and can realize the integration of periodic alternating reaction and separation in a single structure, and has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation and the like.

[0006] In order to realize the above technical effects, the technical scheme adopted by the application is: The application discloses a non-concentrating solar energy driven methanol alternative reforming hydrogen production device, which comprises a heat collecting reactor module, the heat collecting reactor module comprises a first glass tube, a second glass tube and a third glass tube, and the first glass tube, the second glass tube and the third glass tube are respectively provided with an absorption coating and a heat pipe reactor, the absorption coating is used for absorbing solar energy to generate heat and transmitting the heat to the corresponding heat pipe reactor; wherein: The inlet end of the heat pipe reactor in the first glass tube is communicated with methanol hydrogen production raw materials, the outlet end is communicated with the inlet end of the heat pipe reactor in the second glass tube, and the heat pipe reactor in the first glass tube is filled with a methanol hydrogen production catalyst; The outlet end of the heat pipe reactor in the second glass tube is communicated with the inlet end of the heat pipe reactor in the third glass tube, the heat pipe reactor in the second glass tube is filled with a hydrogen adsorbent, and the heat pipe reactor in the second glass tube is further connected to a first air pump; The heat pipe reactor in the third glass tube is filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent, and the heat pipe reactor in the third glass tube is further connected to a second air pump.

[0007] Further, the application further comprises: A first pipeline is provided with one inlet end and three outlet ends; A second pipeline is provided with one outlet end; One end of the heat pipe reactor in the first glass tube is connected to the first pipeline through a first joint, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline through a second joint; One end of the heat pipe reactor in the second glass tube is connected to the first pipeline through a third joint, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline through a fourth joint; One end of the heat pipe reactor in the third glass tube is connected to the first pipeline through a fifth joint, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline through a sixth joint, and the connecting end of the third joint to the first pipeline is located between the first joint and the fifth joint, and the connecting end of the fourth joint to the second pipeline is located between the second joint and the sixth joint.

[0008] Further, two end heads of the first glass tube, the second glass tube and the third glass tube are respectively provided with electromagnetic valves.

[0009] Further, a plurality of heat collecting reactor modules are arranged in series or in parallel, all the heat pipe reactors in the second glass tubes of the plurality of heat collecting reactor modules share one first air pump, and all the heat pipe reactors in the third glass tubes share one second air pump.

[0010] Further, heat absorption plates are further arranged in the first glass tube, the second glass tube or the third glass tube, and are used for transmitting heat generated by the absorption coating to the corresponding heat pipe reactor.

[0011] Further, heat absorption plates are arranged on both sides of the heat pipe reactor in the first glass tube, the second glass tube or the third glass tube, and a heat shielding plate is further arranged between the two heat absorption plates in the same glass tube.

[0012] Further, the hydrogen production catalyst from methanol includes but is not limited to a copper-based catalyst, a nickel-based catalyst or a supported composite catalyst, and the supported composite catalyst includes a noble metal catalyst supported on alumina, zirconia or a molecular sieve.

[0013] Further, the hydrogen adsorbent is selected from one or more combinations of rare earth-metal hydride, Mg-based alloy, and MOF material or hydrogen storage composite material with reversible hydrogen absorption capacity.

[0014] Further, the carbon dioxide adsorbent is selected from activated carbon, amino-functionalized activated carbon, molecular sieve, metal organic framework material and inorganic porous material with selective carbon dioxide adsorption performance.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: the present application can be highly matched with natural radiation heat sources, and can form a heat collection and reaction integrated structure without the need for a condenser, and has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation, etc.; in addition, the product alternately adsorbed and separated is used to drive the reaction equilibrium to move to the right, so as to realize low-temperature and high-efficiency operation, and the integration of periodic alternate reaction and separation in a single structure can realize the methanol reforming hydrogen production, which not only breaks through the bottleneck of low-temperature conversion efficiency limitation, but also avoids the high energy consumption and high cost problems caused by traditional high-temperature operation, improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy, and effectively reduces carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the methanol alternate reforming hydrogen production device structure in example 1 or 2; Fig. 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the heat collection reactor module in example 1 or 2; Fig. 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the second glass tube in example 1 or 2; Wherein, 101, the first glass tube; 102, the second glass tube; 103, the third glass tube; 104, the absorption coating; 105, the heat pipe reactor; 106, the catalyst; 107, the hydrogen adsorbent; 108, the first air pump; 109, the carbon dioxide adsorbent; 110, the second air pump; 111, the heat absorption plate; 112, the heat shielding plate; 201, the first pipeline; 301, the second pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. However, this should not be understood as limiting the above-mentioned subject matter of the application to the following embodiments only, but rather any technology based on the content of the present application falls within the scope of the present application.

[0018] Embodiment 1 Referring to Figs. 1 to 3 A non-concentrating solar-driven methanol alternative reforming hydrogen production device, comprising a heat collection reactor module, the heat collection reactor module comprising a first glass tube 101, a second glass tube 102 and a third glass tube 103, an absorption coating 104 and a heat pipe reactor 105 are arranged in the first glass tube 101, the second glass tube 102 and the third glass tube 103 respectively, the absorption coating 104 is used to absorb solar energy to generate heat and transfer the heat to the corresponding heat pipe reactor 105; wherein: The inlet end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the first glass tube 101 is in communication with the methanol hydrogen production raw material, and the outlet end is in communication with the inlet end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the second glass tube 102, the heat pipe reactor 105 in the first glass tube 101 is filled with a methanol hydrogen production catalyst 106; The outlet end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the second glass tube 102 is in communication with the inlet end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the third glass tube 103, the heat pipe reactor 105 in the second glass tube 102 is filled with a hydrogen adsorbent 107; the heat pipe reactor 105 in the second glass tube 102 is also connected to a first air pump 108; The heat pipe reactor 105 in the third glass tube 103 is filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent 109, and the heat pipe reactor 105 in the third glass tube 103 is also connected to a second air pump 110.

[0019] In this embodiment, solar radiation first passes through the outer glass tube, under the action of the absorption coating 104 on the inner wall of each glass tube, most of the solar energy band radiation is absorbed and the heat is transferred to the inside of the heat pipe reactor 105 to drive the corresponding reaction in the heat pipe reactor 105. The heat pipe reactor 105 in each glass tube is filled with different functional materials according to the functional interval: the heat pipe reactor 105 in the first glass tube 101 is filled with a methanol hydrogen production catalyst 106, the heat pipe reactor 105 in the second glass tube 102 is filled with a hydrogen adsorbent 107, and the heat pipe reactor 105 in the third glass tube 103 is filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent 109.

[0020] In the reaction stage, the hydrogen raw material (such as a mixed gas of methanol and water vapor) enters from the inlet end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the first glass tube 101, and the gas sequentially flows through each section of the heat pipe reactor 105 and contacts the catalyst 106 bed layer to complete the methanol water vapor reforming reaction in the reaction temperature zone. The generated hydrogen and CO2 are selectively captured by the adsorbents in the bed layer, realizing the cooperative operation of reaction and separation. The whole process completes two series of cycles, maximizing the methanol conversion rate and hydrogen production efficiency.

[0021] In the product desorption stage, the following two desorption modes can be realized: Hydrogen desorption stage: The adsorbed hydrogen bed layer of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the second glass tube 102 is pumped by the first air pump 108 (such as a vacuum pump), and the desorbed hydrogen is guided out to the hydrogen storage tank.

[0022] Carbon dioxide desorption stage: The CO2 adsorption unit of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the third glass tube 103 is pumped by the second air pump 110 (such as a vacuum pump), and the desorbed carbon dioxide is guided out to the carbon dioxide storage tank.

[0023] The non-concentrated solar-driven methanol alternative reforming hydrogen production device of the embodiment can be highly matched with natural radiation heat sources without the need for a lens group. After the solar radiation penetrates the glass tube, it is absorbed by the absorption coating 104, and the heat is conducted to the inside of the heat pipe reactor 105 to drive the methanol reforming reaction and the product adsorption process, forming an integrated structure of heat collection and reaction. It has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation, etc. In addition, the product alternative adsorption separation is used to drive the reaction equilibrium to move to the right, thereby realizing low-temperature high-efficiency operation, and the periodic alternative reaction and separation integration of methanol reforming hydrogen production can be realized in a single structure. Not only can it break through the bottleneck of low-temperature conversion efficiency limitation, but also can avoid the high energy consumption and high cost problems brought by traditional high-temperature operation, while improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy, effectively reducing carbon emissions.

[0024] The methanol alternative reforming hydrogen production device in the embodiment further comprises: The first pipeline 201 is provided with one inlet end and two outlet ends; The second pipeline 301 is provided with one outlet end; One end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the first glass tube 101 is connected to the first pipeline 201 through the first joint, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline 301 through the second joint; One end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the second glass tube 102 is connected to the first pipeline 201 through the third joint, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline 301 through the fourth joint; The one end of the heat pipe reactor 105 in the third glass tube 103 is connected to the first pipeline 201 through the fifth joint, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline 301 through the sixth joint, and the connection end of the third joint to the first pipeline 201 is located between the first joint and the fifth joint, and the connection end of the fourth joint to the second pipeline 301 is located between the second joint and the sixth joint. Wherein: The first pipeline 201 is used as the main input channel of the methanol and the gas required for the reaction, and the inlet end can be connected to the methanol supply source and other necessary raw materials (such as water vapor); two of the three outlet ends can be used as the connection positions of the first gas pump 108 and the second gas pump 110 respectively, for independent hydrogen desorption and carbon dioxide desorption; and the third outlet end can be used as the exhaust end to timely exhaust the mixed gas stream of hydrogen and carbon dioxide which do not participate in the reaction or are not completely adsorbed during the hydrogen production reaction. At the same time, a gas path control system is arranged on the methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production device, which includes multiple groups of electromagnetic valves arranged on the first pipeline 201, the second pipeline 301, the first glass tube 101, the second glass tube 102 and the third glass tube 103, for controlling the switching of the gas path, realizing the alternating operation of the methanol-water vapor reforming reaction and the product adsorption, and the step-by-step separation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide. By limiting the positions of the fifth joint and the sixth joint on the first pipeline 201 (that is, the connection order of the heat pipe reactors 105 in the second glass tube 102), it is ensured that the products generated by each reactor can be sequentially discharged, avoiding gas mixing and backflow, thereby ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the entire methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production device.

[0025] The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production device in the embodiment can be a single heat collecting reactor module, or a plurality of heat collecting reactor modules arranged in series or in parallel. All the heat pipe reactors 105 in the second glass tube 102 in the plurality of heat collecting reactor modules share one first gas pump 108, and all the heat pipe reactors 105 in the third glass tube 103 share one second gas pump 110.

[0026] In the embodiment, the methanol hydrogen production catalyst 106 includes but is not limited to a copper-based catalyst 106, a nickel-based catalyst 106 or a supported composite catalyst 106, and the supported composite catalyst 106 includes a noble metal catalyst 106 supported on alumina, zirconia or molecular sieve.

[0027] In the embodiment, the hydrogen adsorbent 107 is selected from one or more combinations of rare earth-metal hydride, Mg-based alloy, and MOF material or hydrogen storage composite material with reversible hydrogen absorption capacity.

[0028] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide adsorbent 109 is selected from activated carbon, amino-functionalized activated carbon, molecular sieves, metal-organic framework materials, and inorganic porous materials with carbon dioxide selective adsorption performance.

[0029] Embodiment 2 Referring to Figs. 1 to 3 , a non-concentrating solar-driven methanol alternative reforming hydrogen production device, as shown in Fig. 1 , the entire system mainly includes non-concentrating solar heat collecting reactor modules, valve and gas path control systems, and hydrogen storage / hydrogen use interfaces, etc. core modules, compact structure, easy to integrate deployment. Specifically includes: Non-concentrating solar heat collecting reactor module: composed of multiple parallel vacuum glass tubes, each vacuum tube can independently receive natural solar radiation without the need to configure a concentrating device. Each vacuum glass tube is made of high-transmittance material, and a heat pipe reactor 105 is arranged inside to form a heat pipe reactor 105 reaction system. Different heat pipe reactors 105 are filled with functional materials such as catalysts 106, hydrogen adsorbents 107, and carbon dioxide adsorbents 109. After the solar radiation penetrates the outer tube, it is absorbed by the absorption layer, and the heat is conducted to the inside of the heat pipe reactor 105 to drive the methanol reforming reaction and the product adsorption process, forming an integrated structure of heat collection and reaction, with the advantages of simple structure, stable operation, etc.

[0030] The heat pipe reactor 105 reaction system is arranged in segments according to function, and the catalytic reaction section and the adsorption section are arranged alternately to build a "catalysis-hydrogen adsorption-carbon adsorption" bed layer combination structure. As shown in Fig. 1 , the six heat pipe reactors 105 are filled with catalysts 106, hydrogen adsorbents 107, carbon dioxide adsorbents 109, catalysts 106, hydrogen adsorbents 107, and carbon dioxide adsorbents 109 from left to right, respectively, to realize the coupling process of simultaneous separation of reaction and products. Fig. 3 The cross-sectional structure of a single vacuum glass tube is shown, the shell is packaged with high vacuum, and it has excellent heat preservation and insulation performance, suitable for complex outdoor environments.

[0031] Valve and gas path control system: configured with several groups of solenoid valves (such as Fig. 1 No. 1-26) and gas channels, used to accurately control the in-out path of mixed gas and the automatic switching of reaction stages. Through programmed control, the system can realize the following multi-stage cycle: reforming gas feeding (catalytic reaction to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide) → product entering adsorption (hydrogen and carbon dioxide are adsorbed respectively) → non-adsorbed components or tail gas is returned to the reactor, forming a gas circulation path. In addition, a desorption stage is provided for the adsorbent to be switched, for hydrogen and carbon dioxide desorption and discharge or utilization. This control strategy realizes the automatic closed-loop operation of the whole process of reaction-adsorption-desorption.

[0032] Hydrogen storage / usage interface module: The hydrogen output end is equipped with a standardized hydrogen storage and usage interface, which can be connected to various types of hydrogen energy equipment, such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), hydrogen internal combustion engines, and hydrogen micro-turbines. High-purity hydrogen is accurately released by an intelligent control system to meet the hydrogen energy usage needs in different scenarios.

[0033] It also includes an energy and circulation control system module: equipped with an independent energy supply and control module to drive key links such as gas circulation, adsorption regeneration, and valve switching. Specifically, it includes: Power supply: The system supports power supply or external photovoltaic module. If equipped with a photovoltaic power supply, the system can achieve solar full-link driving, increase the proportion of renewable energy, and reduce carbon emissions.

[0034] Circulation driving device: equipped with a small air pump and a vacuum pump to push the reforming reaction gas to circulate between different functional sections and complete the evacuation operation when the adsorbent is desorbed.

[0035] Intelligent control system: embedded controller / PLC responsible for controlling the timing of electromagnetic valve opening and closing, pump operation logic, dynamic adjustment of gas flow and pressure, ensuring stable circulation and forming a completely self-driven reaction system.

[0036] Through the cooperation of the above modules, the device can realize the complete energy and material circulation of solar heat collection → reforming reaction → product separation → hydrogen output → tail gas reflux, with the technical advantages of structural integration, closed-loop operation, and low carbon emissions, suitable for distributed green hydrogen energy supply scenarios.

[0037] Working principle and alternating control method: The heat collecting reactor module used in this embodiment is composed of a heat pipe reactor 105, a heat absorbing plate 111, a heat shielding plate 112, and a high-transmittance vacuum glass tube. Solar radiation first passes through the outer vacuum glass tube, and under the action of the inner wall absorbing coating 104, most of the solar energy band radiation is absorbed and transmitted to the heat absorbing plate 111. The heat absorbing plate 111 is tightly nested with the heat pipe reactor 105 in the middle, and the structure is well coupled. The absorbed heat is quickly transmitted to the inside of the heat pipe reactor 105 by heat conduction, driving the reforming reaction occurring in the heat pipe reactor 105. The reaction section of the heat pipe reactor 105 is alternately filled with different functional materials according to the functional interval, Fig. 1From left to right: the first and fourth sections (equivalent to the first glass tube 101) are filled with methanol steam reforming catalyst 106; the second and fifth sections (equivalent to the second glass tube 102) are filled with hydrogen adsorbent 107; the third and sixth sections (equivalent to the third glass tube 103) are filled with carbon dioxide adsorbent 109; in the reaction stage, the mixed gas composed of methanol and water vapor enters from the gas inlet, and the electromagnetic valve group is opened in turn (valves 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24), the gas flows through the heat pipe reactor 105, and is in contact with the catalyst bed 106 in turn, and the methanol steam reforming reaction is completed in the reaction temperature zone; the generated hydrogen and carbon dioxide are selectively captured by the adsorbent in the bed, and the reaction and separation are cooperatively carried out. The whole process completes two series of cycles, which maximizes the methanol conversion rate and hydrogen production efficiency.

[0038] In the product desorption stage, the system is pretreated by closing all gas valves, and then the following two desorption modes are started respectively: Hydrogen desorption stage: open valves 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 7, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 26, and use a vacuum pump to pump the adsorbed hydrogen bed, and the desorbed hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen outlet (valve 26).

[0039] Carbon dioxide desorption stage: after closing all valves, open valves 1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, and pump the heat pipe reactor 105 (third glass tube 103) filled with carbon dioxide adsorbent 109, and the carbon dioxide is discharged through valve 25.

[0040] The above three stages are sequentially switched by a programmed controller (such as PLC), and the system automatically completes valve linkage according to temperature, pressure or time signals, ensuring that the methanol alternating reforming, hydrogen / carbon dioxide selective adsorption, purification and desorption process are cyclically operated in the same integrated device, with the characteristics of automation, high efficiency and low energy consumption.

[0041] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A non-concentrated solar-powered methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production device, characterized in that, The system includes a solar collector reactor module, comprising a first glass tube (101), a second glass tube (102), and a third glass tube (103). Each of the first glass tube (101), second glass tube (102), and third glass tube (103) is respectively provided with an absorption coating (104) and a heat pipe reactor (105). The absorption coating (104) is used to absorb solar energy to generate heat and transfer the heat to the corresponding heat pipe reactor (105). The inlet end of the heat pipe reactor (105) in the first glass tube (101) is connected to the methanol-to-hydrogen feedstock, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the heat pipe reactor (105) in the second glass tube (102). The heat pipe reactor (105) in the first glass tube (101) is filled with a methanol-to-hydrogen catalyst (106). The outlet end of the heat pipe reactor (105) in the second glass tube (102) is connected to the inlet end of the heat pipe reactor (105) in the third glass tube (103). The heat pipe reactor (105) in the second glass tube (102) is filled with hydrogen adsorbent (107). The heat pipe reactor (105) in the second glass tube (102) is also connected to the first vacuum pump (108). The heat pipe reactor (105) inside the third glass tube (103) is filled with carbon dioxide adsorbent (109), and the heat pipe reactor (105) inside the third glass tube (103) is also connected to the second vacuum pump (110).

2. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first pipeline (201) is equipped with one inlet end and three outlet ends; The second pipeline (301) is equipped with an outlet end; The heat pipe reactor (105) inside the first glass tube (101) is connected at one end to the first pipeline (201) via the first connector, and at the other end to the second pipeline (301) via the second connector; The heat pipe reactor (105) inside the second glass tube (102) is connected at one end to the first pipeline (201) via a third connector, and at the other end to the second pipeline (301) via a fourth connector; The heat pipe reactor (105) inside the third glass tube (103) is connected at one end to the first pipeline (201) via the fifth connector and at the other end to the second pipeline (301) via the sixth connector. The connection end of the third connector to the first pipeline (201) is located between the first connector and the fifth connector, and the connection end of the fourth connector to the second pipeline (301) is located between the second connector and the sixth connector.

3. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Solenoid valves are provided at both ends of the first glass tube (101), the second glass tube (102), and the third glass tube (103).

4. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes multiple heat collection reactor modules arranged in series or in parallel. All heat pipe reactors (105) in the second glass tube (102) of the multiple heat collection reactor modules share a first air pump (108), and all heat pipe reactors (105) in the third glass tube (103) share a second air pump (110).

5. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first glass tube (101), the second glass tube (102) or the third glass tube (103) are further provided with a heat absorption plate (111) for transferring the heat generated by the absorption coating (104) to the corresponding heat pipe reactor (105).

6. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Heat absorber plates (111) are provided on both sides of the heat pipe reactor (105) in the first glass tube (101), the second glass tube (102) or the third glass tube (103), and a heat shield plate (112) is provided between the two heat absorber plates (111) in the same glass tube.

7. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methanol-to-hydrogen catalyst (106) includes, but is not limited to, copper-based catalyst (106), nickel-based catalyst (106), or supported composite catalyst (106), wherein the supported composite catalyst (106) includes noble metal catalysts (106) supported on alumina, zirconium oxide, or molecular sieves.

8. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen adsorbent (107) is selected from one or more combinations of rare earth-metal hydrides, Mg-based alloys, and MOF materials or hydrogen storage composite materials with reversible hydrogen absorption capabilities.

9. The methanol alternating reforming hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide adsorbent (109) is selected from activated carbon, amino-functionalized activated carbon, molecular sieves, metal-organic framework materials and inorganic porous materials with selective carbon dioxide adsorption properties.

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