Intelligent numerical control lathe capable of correcting precision
By detecting tool vibration through transmission components and sensing elements, and automatically cleaning accumulated chips with a cooling device, the problem of real-time tool wear monitoring in intelligent CNC lathes has been solved, achieving high-precision tool correction and ensuring machining quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511984637.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-12-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing intelligent CNC lathes cannot monitor tool wear in real time, resulting in reduced machining accuracy. In particular, when machining hard workpieces, tool wear is severe and difficult to correct in a timely manner.
The tool is connected by a transmission component, and tool vibration is detected by a sensing component. The sinusoidal fluctuations of the main and auxiliary electric plates are used to detect tool abnormalities. Combined with a cooling device, the accumulated chips are automatically cleaned to achieve accuracy correction.
This improved the accuracy of tool inspection, allowing for timely correction of tool wear and chip buildup, thus ensuring the precision and quality of turning operations.
Smart Images
Figure CN121514564A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent numerical control lathes, and particularly relates to an intelligent numerical control lathe with precision correction. BACKGROUND
[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of automation, intelligent numerical control machine tool related technologies are constantly updated and replaced, and the application industry is also becoming more and more widely used.
[0003] However, the machining precision requirement of general machined parts is not high, so the conventional machine tool can meet the use. For some high-precision parts, such as shaft parts of the transmission system, the machining precision requirement is higher, and the workpiece itself has a large hardness, so the tool wear is large during turning. The general numerical control lathe can only rely on reset for inspection, and the reset is often performed after a work step is completed, so the tool wear degree cannot be monitored in real time.
[0004] In addition, during the turning process, the workpiece is subjected to one-way stress on the tool, which is easy to cause accumulation of chips and affect the subsequent machining precision. SUMMARY
[0005] The present application aims to provide an intelligent numerical control lathe with precision correction to solve the problems in the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:
[0007] The intelligent numerical control lathe comprises a bed body, a driving device, a tool changing device, a cooling device, and a tool setting instrument. The driving device is connected with the bed body, the driving device is connected with the tool changing device, the cooling device is drivingly connected with the driving device, and the tool setting instrument is fixedly connected with the driving device.
[0008] The tool changing device comprises a sensing assembly and a tool. The sensing assembly comprises a transmission member, and the tool is drivingly connected with the transmission member.
[0009] The bed body is used for installing other devices. The driving device drives the tool changing device to machine the workpiece. According to the machining type, the appropriate tool is automatically selected. The cooling device is used for automatically cooling the machined part of the workpiece. The tool setting instrument is arranged on the driving device. The tool setting instrument is used for correcting the precision of the tool to ensure the machining quality. The transmission member is connected with the tool. The vibration of the tool is amplified to improve the detection precision. According to the detected parameters, it is determined whether the tool is abnormal, so that the automatic correction is facilitated.
[0010] Further, the transmission member is provided with a clamping groove, the tool is inserted into the clamping groove, and the thickness of the transmission member is gradually changed.
[0011] The transmission component uses a slot to fix the end of the tool, so that the vibration generated by the tool during turning is transmitted to the transmission component. The transmission component has a gradually changing thickness, which decreases along the direction away from the tool, and the stiffness gradually decreases, which gradually increases the amplitude. The top of the transmission component tends to swing, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent inspection.
[0012] Furthermore, the driving device includes a tool holder with a sensing cavity. A transmission component is placed inside the sensing cavity. The sensing component also includes a main electric plate and an auxiliary electric plate. One end of the main electric plate is connected to the top of the transmission component, and one end of the auxiliary electric plate is fastened to the sensing cavity. The main electric plate and the auxiliary electric plate are slidably connected at their proximal ends. The thickness of the main electric plate and the auxiliary electric plate increases from their proximal ends to their distal ends. The main electric plate and the auxiliary electric plate are electrically connected to two terminals of the power supply to form a vibration circuit.
[0013] The tool holder uses an induction cavity to mount and fix the transmission component. When the tool is inserted into the slot of the transmission component, the tool drives the transmission component to vibrate, which in turn causes the main electric plate to swing. During the swinging process of the main electric plate, the vertical overlap area with the auxiliary electric plate increases, thereby reducing the local resistance. The power supply is a constant voltage power supply, outputting the rated voltage. During the swinging process of the main electric plate, the resistance value tends to fluctuate sinusoidally, causing the current in the vibration circuit to fluctuate sinusoidally. When the tool experiences local wear, the instantaneous cutting amount decreases, and the reverse force of the workpiece on the tool decreases, meaning the swing amplitude of the main electric plate decreases compared to the standard state, resulting in a decrease in the current in the vibration circuit. The drive device corrects the accuracy based on the change in current value. When chips accumulate locally on the tool, the cutting smoothness decreases, and the vibration amplitude increases, meaning the current in the vibration circuit increases. The cooling device automatically cleans the accumulated chips to prevent a reduction in turning accuracy.
[0014] Furthermore, the main and auxiliary electrodes are arranged in an arc shape, and the contact surfaces of the main and auxiliary electrodes are arranged concentrically.
[0015] By using an arc-shaped main electrode and an auxiliary electrode, and by employing concentric circles for their contact surfaces, the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode are brought into contact during the oscillation process, ensuring the quality of the test.
[0016] Furthermore, the cooling device includes a distribution pipe and cooling nozzles. The distribution pipe and the tool holder are fastened together. The distribution pipe is a "U" shaped pipe. Several cooling nozzles are provided and arranged around the circumference of the distribution pipe.
[0017] By setting up a distribution pipe to connect the cooling medium and spraying it onto the machining part through cooling nozzles, the tool and workpiece are automatically cooled. The circumferential arrangement improves the uniformity of cooling.
[0018] Furthermore, a three-way regulating valve is installed at the inlet of the diversion pipe. The three-way regulating valve is a one-in-two-out type three-way valve. The cooling device also includes a high-pressure nozzle. The two outlets of the three-way regulating valve are connected to the diversion pipe and the high-pressure nozzle, respectively. The three-way regulating valve is electrically connected to the vibration circuit.
[0019] The high-pressure nozzle jets towards the angle between the tool and the accumulated chips. When chips accumulate locally on the tool, the three-way regulating valve switches the high-pressure water flow to the high-pressure nozzle based on the signal feedback from the vibration circuit. The applied force is directed towards the connection between the accumulated chips and the tool, thereby automatically cleaning the surface and preventing damage to the workpiece surface, which would affect the machining quality.
[0020] As an optimization, the machine bed is equipped with a turning cavity. The drive unit includes a cross module, a vertical module, and a clamping assembly. The cross module and the vertical module are respectively placed inside the turning cavity. The cross module and the clamping assembly are connected by a drive mechanism, and the movable end of the vertical module is fixedly connected to the tool holder. The turning cavity provides machining space and facilitates the collection of chips and coolant. The cross module provides two linear displacements in the horizontal direction, facilitating automatic feeding by the CNC system. The clamping assembly clamps the workpiece and drives its rotation, facilitating cutting by the tool. The vertical module drives the tool holder to move vertically, facilitating machining feed.
[0021] As an optimization, the clamping assembly includes a fixture, a chassis, and a drive motor. A platform is provided on the cross module, and a rotating cavity is provided on the platform. The drive motor is placed inside the rotating cavity, and its output end is securely connected to the chassis. The fixture is mounted on the chassis. The platform is moved by the cross module, and the drive motor, located inside the rotating cavity, drives the chassis to rotate. The fixture, mounted on the chassis, is used to clamp the workpiece.
[0022] As an optimization, the tool changing device also includes a tool disc, and the bed has a tool changing chamber, with the tool disc and the tool changing chamber rotatably connected. By setting up the tool disc, various types of tools can be installed. The tool disc rotates in the tool changing chamber. During tool changing, a drive component is set up to drive the tool disc to rotate, and a robotic arm can be used to assist in automatic tool changing.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the transmission component connects the cutting tool and amplifies the vibration of the cutting tool, improving the detection accuracy. Based on the detected parameters, it can determine whether the cutting tool is abnormal, thus facilitating automatic correction. The transmission component fixes the end of the cutting tool by setting a slot, so that the vibration generated by the cutting tool during turning is transmitted to the transmission component. The transmission component adopts a gradually changing thickness setting, with the thickness decreasing along the direction away from the cutting tool, and the stiffness gradually decreasing, so the amplitude gradually increases. The top of the transmission component tends to swing, thereby improving the subsequent detection accuracy. When the cutting tool is inserted into the slot of the transmission component, the cutting tool drives the transmission component to vibrate, and then drives the main electric plate to swing. During the swinging process of the main electric plate, the vertical overlap area between the main electric plate and the auxiliary electric plate increases, thereby reducing the local resistance. The power supply is a constant voltage power supply, outputting the rated voltage. During the swinging process of the main electric plate, the resistance value tends to fluctuate sinusoidally, causing the current of the vibration circuit to fluctuate sinusoidally. When the tool experiences localized wear, the instantaneous cutting amount decreases, and the reverse force of the workpiece on the tool decreases. This means that the oscillation amplitude of the main electrode is reduced compared to the standard state, resulting in a decrease in the current of the vibration circuit. The drive device then performs accuracy correction based on the change in current value. When chips accumulate locally on the tool, the cutting smoothness decreases, and the vibration amplitude increases. This means that the current in the vibration circuit increases, and the cooling device automatically cleans the accumulated chips to prevent a reduction in turning accuracy. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling device structure of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tool changing device of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the view;
[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A partial zoom-in view (B) of the view;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure of the present invention.
[0030] In the diagram: 1. Machine bed; 11. Turning chamber; 12. Tool changing chamber; 2. Drive unit; 21. Cross module; 22. Vertical module; 23. Platform; 24. Clamping assembly; 241. Fixture; 242. Chassis; 243. Drive motor; 25. Tool holder; 251. Induction chamber; 3. Tool changing device; 31. Tool head; 32. Induction assembly; 321. Transmission component; 322. Main electric plate; 323. Auxiliary electric plate; 33. Tool; 4. Cooling device; 41. Diverter pipe; 42. Cooling nozzle; 43. Three-way regulating valve; 44. High-pressure nozzle; 5. Tool setter. Detailed Implementation
[0031] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] Example: Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for an intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction.
[0033] The intelligent CNC lathe includes a bed 1, a drive unit 2, a tool changer 3, a cooling unit 4, and a tool setter 5. The drive unit 2 is connected to the bed 1, the drive unit 2 is connected to the tool changer 3, the cooling unit 4 is connected to the drive unit 2 via a transmission, and the tool setter 5 is fastened to the drive unit 2.
[0034] The tool changing device 3 includes a sensing component 32 and a cutting tool 33. The sensing component 32 includes a transmission component 321, and the cutting tool 33 is connected to the transmission component 321.
[0035] The machine bed 1 serves as the main mounting base for installing other devices. The drive unit 2 drives the tool changer 3 to process the workpiece. Based on the processing type, a suitable tool 33 is automatically selected. A cooling device 4 automatically cools the processed area of the workpiece. A tool setter 5 is mounted on the drive unit 2 to perform precision correction on the tool 33, ensuring processing quality. The tool 33 is connected via a transmission component 321, which amplifies the vibration of the tool 33 to improve detection accuracy. Based on the detected parameters, it determines whether the tool 33 is abnormal, facilitating automatic correction.
[0036] Furthermore, the transmission component 321 is provided with a slot, into which the cutting tool 33 is inserted, and the thickness of the transmission component 321 is gradually varied.
[0037] The transmission component 321 fixes the end of the tool 33 by setting a slot, so that the vibration generated by the tool 33 during turning is transmitted to the transmission component 321. The transmission component 321 adopts a gradually changing thickness setting, with the thickness decreasing along the direction away from the tool 33, and the stiffness gradually decreasing, so the amplitude gradually increases. The top of the transmission component 321 tends to swing, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent detection.
[0038] Furthermore, the drive device 2 includes a tool holder 25, on which a sensing cavity 251 is provided. The transmission component 321 is placed inside the sensing cavity 251. The sensing component 32 also includes a main electric plate 322 and an auxiliary electric plate 323. One end of the main electric plate 322 is connected to the top end of the transmission component 321, and one end of the auxiliary electric plate 323 is fastened to the sensing cavity 251. The main electric plate 322 and the auxiliary electric plate 323 are slidably connected at their proximal ends. The thickness of the main electric plate 322 and the auxiliary electric plate 323 increases from their proximal ends to their distal ends. The main electric plate 322 and the auxiliary electric plate 323 are electrically connected to the two terminals of the power supply to form a vibration circuit.
[0039] The tool holder 25 uses an induction cavity 251 to mount and fix the transmission component 321. When the tool 33 is inserted into the slot of the transmission component 321, the tool 33 drives the transmission component 321 to vibrate, which in turn drives the main electric plate 322 to swing. During the swinging process of the main electric plate 322, the vertical overlap area with the auxiliary electric plate 323 increases, thereby reducing the local resistance. The power supply is a constant voltage power supply, outputting the rated voltage. During the swinging process of the main electric plate 322, the resistance value tends to fluctuate sinusoidally, causing the current in the vibration circuit to fluctuate sinusoidally. When the tool 33 experiences local wear, the instantaneous cutting amount decreases, and the reverse force of the workpiece on the tool 33 decreases, that is, the swing amplitude of the main electric plate 322 decreases compared to the standard state, resulting in a decrease in the current in the vibration circuit. The drive device 2 performs accuracy correction based on the change in current value. When the tool 33 accumulates chips locally, the cutting smoothness decreases, the vibration amplitude increases, that is, the current in the vibration circuit increases. The cooling device 4 automatically cleans the accumulated chips to prevent a reduction in turning accuracy.
[0040] Furthermore, the main electrode 322 and the auxiliary electrode 323 are arranged in an arc shape, and the contact surfaces of the main electrode 322 and the auxiliary electrode 323 are concentrically arranged.
[0041] The main electrode 322 and the auxiliary electrode 323 are arranged in an arc shape, and the contact surfaces are arranged in concentric circles, so that the main electrode 322 and the auxiliary electrode 323 are in contact during the swinging process, thus ensuring the detection quality.
[0042] Furthermore, the cooling device 4 includes a distribution pipe 41 and cooling nozzles 42. The distribution pipe 41 and the knife holder 25 are fastened together. The distribution pipe 41 is a "U" shaped pipe. Several cooling nozzles 42 are provided and arranged around the distribution pipe 41.
[0043] By setting up a distribution pipe 41 to connect the cooling medium and spraying it onto the machining part through the cooling nozzle 42, the tool 33 and the workpiece are automatically cooled. The circumferential arrangement improves the uniformity of cooling.
[0044] Furthermore, a three-way regulating valve 43 is provided at the inlet of the diversion pipe 41. The three-way regulating valve 43 is a one-in-two-out type three-way valve. The cooling device 4 also includes a high-pressure nozzle 44. The two outlets of the three-way regulating valve 43 are respectively connected to the diversion pipe 41 and the high-pressure nozzle 44. The three-way regulating valve 43 is electrically connected to the vibration circuit.
[0045] The high-pressure nozzle 44 sprays water towards the angle between the tool 33 and the accumulated chips. When chips accumulate locally on the tool 33, the three-way regulating valve 43 switches the high-pressure water flow to the high-pressure nozzle 44 based on the signal feedback from the vibration circuit. The applied force is directed towards the connection between the accumulated chips and the tool 33, thereby automatically cleaning the chip and preventing damage to the workpiece surface and affecting the processing quality.
[0046] As an optimization, the machine bed 1 is provided with a turning cavity 11. The drive device 2 includes a cross module 21, a vertical module 22, and a clamping assembly 24. The cross module 21 and the vertical module 22 are respectively placed in the turning cavity 11. The cross module 21 and the clamping assembly 24 are connected by a drive mechanism. The movable end of the vertical module 22 is fastened to the tool holder 25. The machine bed 1 provides machining space by setting the turning cavity 11, which facilitates the collection of chips and coolant. The cross module 21 provides two linear displacements in the horizontal direction, which facilitates automatic feeding by the CNC system. The clamping assembly 24 clamps the workpiece and drives it to rotate, which facilitates cutting by the tool 33. The vertical module 22 drives the tool holder 25 to move vertically, which facilitates machining feed.
[0047] As an optimization, the clamping assembly 24 includes a clamp 241, a chassis 242, and a drive motor 243. A platform 23 is provided on the cross module 21, and a rotating cavity is provided on the platform 23. The drive motor 243 is placed inside the rotating cavity, and its output end is securely connected to the chassis 242. The clamp 241 is provided on the chassis 242. The platform 23 is moved by the cross module 21, and the drive motor 243, located inside the rotating cavity, drives the chassis 242 to rotate. The clamp 241 is mounted on the chassis 242 for clamping the workpiece.
[0048] As an optimization, the tool changing device 3 also includes a tool disc 31, and a tool changing chamber 12 is provided on the bed 1. The tool disc 31 and the tool changing chamber 12 are rotatably connected. By setting the tool disc 31, various types of tools 33 can be installed. The tool disc 31 and the tool changing chamber 12 rotate. When changing tools, the tool disc 31 is driven to rotate by a driving component. Automatic tool changing can be performed with the assistance of a robotic arm.
[0049] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The transmission component 321 connects to the cutting tool 33 and amplifies the vibration of the cutting tool 33, improving the detection accuracy. Based on the detected parameters, it determines whether the cutting tool 33 is abnormal, thus facilitating automatic correction. The transmission component 321 fixes the end of the cutting tool 33 by setting a slot, so that the vibration generated by the cutting tool 33 during turning is transmitted to the transmission component 321. The transmission component 321 adopts a gradually changing thickness setting, with the thickness decreasing along the direction away from the cutting tool 33, and the stiffness gradually decreasing, so the amplitude gradually increases. The top of the transmission component 321 tends to swing, thereby improving the subsequent detection accuracy. When the cutting tool 33 is inserted into the slot of the transmission component 321, the cutting tool 33 drives the transmission component 321 to vibrate, which in turn drives the main electric plate 322 to swing. During the swinging process of the main electric plate 322, the vertical overlap area between the main electric plate 322 and the auxiliary electric plate 323 increases, thereby reducing the local resistance. The power supply is a constant voltage power supply, outputting the rated voltage. During the swinging process of the main electric plate 322, the resistance value tends to fluctuate sinusoidally, causing the current in its vibration circuit to fluctuate sinusoidally. When the tool 33 experiences localized wear, the instantaneous cutting amount decreases, and the reverse force of the workpiece on the tool 33 decreases. This means that the oscillation amplitude of the main electric plate 322 decreases compared to the standard state, resulting in a decrease in the current of the vibration circuit. The drive device 2 then performs accuracy correction based on the change in current value. When chips accumulate locally on the tool 33, the cutting smoothness decreases, and the vibration amplitude increases. This means that the current in the vibration circuit increases, and the cooling device 4 automatically cleans the accumulated chips to prevent a reduction in turning accuracy.
[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A precision-correctable intelligent CNC lathe, characterized in that: The intelligent CNC lathe includes a bed (1), a drive unit (2), a tool changer (3), a cooling unit (4), and a tool setter (5). The drive unit (2) is connected to the bed (1), the drive unit (2) is connected to the tool changer (3), the cooling unit (4) is connected to the drive unit (2) via transmission, and the tool setter (5) is fastened to the drive unit (2). The tool changing device (3) includes a sensing component (32) and a cutting tool (33). The sensing component (32) includes a transmission component (321), and the cutting tool (33) and the transmission component (321) are connected in a transmission manner.
2. The intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission component (321) is provided with a slot, the cutting tool (33) is inserted into the slot, and the thickness of the transmission component (321) is gradually varied.
3. The intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving device (2) includes a tool holder (25), on which a sensing cavity (251) is provided. The transmission component (321) is placed inside the sensing cavity (251). The sensing component (32) also includes a main electric plate (322) and an auxiliary electric plate (323). One end of the main electric plate (322) is connected to the top end of the transmission component (321), and one end of the auxiliary electric plate (323) is fastened to the sensing cavity (251). The main electric plate (322) and the auxiliary electric plate (323) are slidably connected at their near ends. The thickness of the main electric plate (322) and the auxiliary electric plate (323) increases from their near ends to their far ends. The main electric plate (322) and the auxiliary electric plate (323) are electrically connected to the two terminals of the power supply to form a vibration circuit.
4. The intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main electrode (322) and the auxiliary electrode (323) are arranged in an arc shape, and the contact surfaces of the main electrode (322) and the auxiliary electrode (323) are arranged concentrically.
5. The intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling device (4) includes a distribution pipe (41) and a cooling nozzle (42). The distribution pipe (41) and the knife holder (25) are fastened together. The distribution pipe (41) is a "U" shaped pipe. There are a number of cooling nozzles (42) arranged around the distribution pipe (41).
6. The intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inlet of the diversion pipe (41) is equipped with a three-way regulating valve (43), which is a one-in-two-out type three-way valve. The cooling device (4) also includes a high-pressure nozzle (44). The two outlets of the three-way regulating valve (43) are respectively connected to the diversion pipe (41) and the high-pressure nozzle (44). The three-way regulating valve (43) is electrically connected to the vibration circuit.
7. A precision-correctable intelligent CNC lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The machine bed (1) is provided with a turning cavity (11). The drive device (2) includes a cross module (21), a vertical module (22) and a clamping assembly (24). The cross module (21) and the vertical module (22) are respectively placed in the turning cavity (11). The cross module (21) and the clamping assembly (24) are connected by a drive. The movable end of the vertical module (22) is fastened to the tool holder (25).
8. The intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (24) includes a clamp (241), a chassis (242) and a drive motor (243). The cross module (21) is provided with a platform (23), the platform (23) is provided with a rotating cavity, the drive motor (243) is placed in the rotating cavity, the output end of the drive motor (243) is fastened to the chassis (242), and the chassis (242) is provided with a clamp (241).
9. The intelligent CNC lathe with precision correction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tool changing device (3) also includes a tool disc (31), and the bed (1) is provided with a tool changing chamber (12). The tool disc (31) and the tool changing chamber (12) are rotatably connected.