Composite chip breaking tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite chip breaking tool. The composite chip breaking cutter comprises a main cutter body part which comprises a cutter body; the ceramic blade is arranged at the front end of the cutter body; the blade fastening part comprises a cutter pressing seat and a chip breaking baffle, the cutter pressing seat is arranged on the cutter body, the chip breaking baffle is arranged on the cutter pressing seat, and the cutter pressing seat presses the ceramic blade onto the cutter body through the chip breaking baffle; wherein a chip breaking inclined plane is formed on the periphery of the chip breaking baffle, and the chip breaking inclined plane is matched with the top surface of the ceramic blade to form a chip breaking structure. By means of the method, efficient curling breaking and rapid separation of cuttings can be achieved, the continuity and stability of quenched steel turning machining are guaranteed, the machining efficiency and the product quality are improved, and the machining cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of port machinery manufacturing technology, and in particular to a composite chip-breaking tool. Background Technology

[0002] Hardened steel is steel whose surface hardness is significantly improved after quenching, reaching HRC45-68. It possesses excellent properties such as high strength and high wear resistance, and is widely used in port equipment and other fields where component strength requirements are high. Among these, the core component of the port equipment's traveling mechanism—the traveling wheel—is commonly made of 42CrMo alloy structural steel. This material has good hardenability, excellent toughness, and no obvious temper brittleness. After quenching and tempering, it exhibits outstanding fatigue limit and resistance to repeated impacts, good low-temperature impact toughness, and a surface hardness exceeding HRC50 after heat treatment, meeting the heavy-load operating requirements of port machinery.

[0003] Currently, ceramic turning tools are the preferred cutting tools for machining hardened steel wheels due to their high hardness and high heat resistance. However, most ceramic turning tool inserts on the market use flat or simple arc-shaped groove structures. Due to the inherent properties of ceramic materials, it is difficult to machine complex and efficient chip-breaking grooves on the insert body. This results in long, thin chips that are difficult to break naturally when turning hardened steel wheels, easily leading to chips wrapping around the wheel and the cutting tool.

[0004] The aforementioned problems not only scratch the machined surface of the wheel, affecting product quality, but may also interfere with the normal cutting motion of the tool, leading to tool chipping and damage, and increasing tool wear costs. At the same time, operators need to frequently stop the machine to clean up chips, severely reducing processing efficiency and hindering the mass production of hardened steel wheels, becoming a pressing technical bottleneck in the port machinery manufacturing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention proposes a composite chip-breaking tool that enables efficient chip curling, breaking, and rapid detachment, ensuring the continuity and stability of hardened steel turning, improving processing efficiency and product quality, and reducing processing costs.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention proposes a composite chip-breaking tool, comprising: The main blade section, including the blade body; A ceramic blade is disposed at the front end of the blade body; The blade fastening part includes a blade pressing seat and a chip breaking baffle. The blade pressing seat is disposed on the blade body, and the chip breaking baffle is disposed on the blade pressing seat. The blade pressing seat presses the ceramic blade onto the blade body through the chip breaking baffle. The chip-breaking baffle has a chip-breaking inclined surface around its periphery, and the chip-breaking inclined surface cooperates with the top surface of the ceramic blade to form a chip-breaking structure.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the chip-breaking bevel forms an inclined angle A with the top surface of the ceramic insert, and the distance between the bottom edge of the chip-breaking bevel and the top edge of the ceramic insert is L. The inclined angle A and the distance L are adjusted to adapt to the processing requirements of different processing materials and hardness.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the main blade body further includes a blade pad and a screw. The blade pad is fixed to the front end of the blade body by the screw. The blade pad cooperates with the ceramic blade structure to adjust the position of the ceramic blade.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the front end of the blade body forms an installation reference position, the blade pad is disposed on the installation reference position, a threaded hole is provided on the installation reference position, and the screw is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole to fix the blade pad.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a mounting groove for accommodating the chip breaker baffle is provided at the front end of the pressure holder, a positioning mandrel is formed in the mounting groove, and a positioning hole is provided on the chip breaker baffle, the positioning hole cooperating with the positioning mandrel.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the blade fastening part further includes a pressure plate and a fastening screw. The pressure plate cooperates with the chip breaker baffle structure, and the pressure plate is fixed to the pressure plate seat by the fastening screw, so that the chip breaker baffle is fixed in the mounting groove.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a countersunk hole is provided on the pressure holder, and a blind hole is provided at the top front end of the cutter body. The composite chip breaker also includes a support spring and a locking screw. One end of the support spring is disposed in the countersunk hole, and the other end is disposed in the blind hole. The locking screw passes through the countersunk hole and the support spring and is fixed in cooperation with the blind hole. The locking screw is used to press the pressure holder so that the chip breaker baffle presses the ceramic cutter tightly.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure holder is further provided with an elongated groove communicating with the countersunk hole, and a pin hole is further provided at the top front end of the blade body. The main blade body also includes a spring pin, one end of which falls into the elongated groove, and the other end of which is fixed in conjunction with the pin hole.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the composite chip breaker further includes a high-pressure cooling air circuit module, the high-pressure cooling air circuit module comprising: A gas channel is provided inside the blade body. The surface of the blade body has a front mounting hole and a rear mounting hole, which are respectively connected to the gas channel. A rear air intake is disposed on the rear mounting hole, and the rear air intake is used to guide cooling gas into the gas channel. A front air outlet is provided on the front mounting hole, and the front air outlet is used to guide cooling gas to the chip breaking structure.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the front air outlet includes a ferrule-type right-angle tube connector and a metal hose. The ferrule-type right-angle tube connector is sealed and fixed with the front mounting hole. One end of the metal hose is connected to the ferrule-type right-angle tube connector, and the other end forms an air outlet and is aligned with the processing tip area of ​​the ceramic blade. The rear air intake pneumatic quick connector and gas hose are connected to the rear mounting hole through the pneumatic quick connector and the gas hose is connected to an external air source. An arc groove is provided on the top front surface of the blade body, and the flexible metal tube is fitted with the arc groove structure.

[0016] The present invention provides a composite chip-breaking tool that achieves efficient chip curling, breaking, and rapid chip detachment through a mechanical chip-breaking structure, ensuring the continuity and stability of turning hardened steel, improving processing efficiency and product quality, and reducing processing costs.

[0017] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and illustrative, and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are included to provide further explanation of the invention; they are incorporated into and constitute a part of this application. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with this specification, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A diagram showing the usage status of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of chip breaking in use is shown for a chip breaking structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view.

[0023] Figure 6 An exploded view of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 An exploded view of the main blade body according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the blade body according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 9 An exploded view of the blade fastening part according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the pressure holder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a chip-breaking baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the high-pressure cooling air circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A partial sectional view.

[0031] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown for machining the end face of a wheel.

[0032] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0033] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown for machining the outer diameter of a wheel.

[0034] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0035] Figure 18 yes Figure 16 Top view.

[0036] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0037] The above figures include the following reference numerals: Composite chip breaking tool 100 Main body 110 Knife body body 111 Installation reference position 1111 Threaded hole 1112 Blind hole 1113 Pin hole 1114 Circular groove 1115 Front mounting hole 1116 Rear mounting hole 1117 Blade Pad 112 Screw 113 Spring pin 114 Blade fastening part 120 Tool holder 121 Positioning mandrel 1211 Installation slot 1212 Countersunk Hole 1213 Long slot 1214 Chip breaker baffle 122 Chip breaking slope 1221 Positioning hole 1222 Pressure plate 123 Fastening screw 124 Ceramic blade 130 High-pressure cooling air circuit module 140 Front exhaust section 141 Compression fitting right angle pipe connector 1411 Metal hose 1412 Rear air intake 142 Pneumatic quick coupling 1421 Gas hose 1422 Gas channel 143 Support spring 150 Locking screw 160 Detailed Implementation

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0043] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terminology used in this application is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this application's specification may have been chosen by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Moreover, this application should be understood not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0044] The composite chip-breaking tool provided by this invention is applied to the turning design of high-strength hardened steel workpieces such as hardened steel wheels for port machinery. The purpose is to solve the problems of long chips, chip breakage, easy entanglement of the tool or scratching of the workpiece when turning hardened steel with traditional ceramic tools. Through the mechanical chip-breaking structure design, efficient chip breaking and stable machining are achieved, ensuring the needs of continuous operation. Figure 1 A diagram illustrating the usage state of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown, the wheel to be machined is a hardened steel wheel of a port machinery traveling mechanism, clamped on a vertical lathe. The diagram includes two composite chip-breaking tools 100, each corresponding to a different machining operation. The vertically arranged composite chip-breaking tool 100 is used for end-face machining; it is mounted on the vertical rotary tool post of the vertical lathe, and its working objective is to turn the end-face area of ​​the wheel. The horizontally arranged composite chip-breaking tool 100 is used for outer-circle machining; it is mounted on the horizontal rotary tool post of the vertical lathe, and its working objective is to turn the outer-circle area of ​​the wheel. This dual-tool synchronous operation layout can simultaneously complete the machining of the wheel's end-face and outer-circle, improving production efficiency.

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram is shown. As shown in the figure, the composite chip breaker 100 mainly includes a main cutter body 110, a ceramic insert 130, and an insert fastening part 120.

[0046] The main cutter body 110 provides overall support for the composite chip breaker 100. The main cutter body 110 includes a cutter body 111.

[0047] The ceramic insert 130 is made of high-hardness ceramic material. The reason for choosing ceramic material is that it has the characteristics of high hardness and high heat resistance, which can meet the high wear resistance cutting requirements of hardened steel (such as 42CrMo material, which has a hardness of over HRC50 after heat treatment). The ceramic insert 130 is set at the front end of the tool body 111 and directly contacts the workpiece to undertake the cutting task. With the cooperation of the tool body 111, it ensures that its cutting edge has a position that meets the processing requirements.

[0048] The insert fastening part 120 serves a dual function: clamping and fixing the ceramic insert 130 and guiding and breaking chips, making it a crucial component for achieving mechanical chip breaking. The insert fastening part 120 includes a clamping seat 121 and a chip breaker baffle 122. The clamping seat 121, acting as the mounting carrier for the chip breaker baffle 122, is mounted on the cutter body 111. The clamping seat 121 clamps the ceramic insert 130 onto the cutter body 111 via the chip breaker baffle 122. In this example, the two chip-breaking bevels 1221 of the chip breaker baffle 122 correspond to the two cutting edges of the ceramic insert 130. This positioning structure is designed to ensure accurate chip breaking guidance. Figure 4A schematic diagram of chip breaking in use is shown for a chip breaking structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A top view. Combined with... Figure 3 As shown, the periphery of the chip breaker 122 forms a chip breaker ramp 1221, which, in conjunction with the top surface of the ceramic insert 130, constitutes a complete chip breaker structure. This design is adopted because when the chips generated during turning flow under the action of cutting force, they collide with the chip breaker ramp 1221. The guiding effect of the ramp forces the chips to curl and deform. During the deformation process, tensile stress is generated inside the chip and work hardening is achieved, laying the foundation for subsequent breakage.

[0049] In some examples, reference Figure 5 The chip breaker bevel 1221 forms an inclined angle A with the top surface of the ceramic insert 130, and the distance L between the bottom edge of the chip breaker bevel 1221 and the top edge of the ceramic insert 130 is also significant. Workpieces with different materials and hardness exhibit significant differences in chip toughness and flowability. Fixed chip breaker parameters cannot adapt to all working conditions. Therefore, by adjusting the inclined angle A and the distance L (by replacing the chip breaker baffle 122 with the corresponding angle A and distance L specifications), the contact method and stress state between the chip and the chip breaker bevel 1221 can be changed, ensuring that the chip receives sufficient curling deformation and tensile stress under different working conditions, thus ensuring stable chip breaker performance and expanding the applicability range of the cutting tool.

[0050] Figure 6 An exploded view of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 7 An exploded view of the main cutting tool body 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown, in some examples, the main cutting tool body 110 also includes a tool pad 112 and a screw 113. The tool pad 112 is fixed to the front end of the cutting tool body 111 by the screw 113. Since the ceramic insert 130 is relatively brittle, direct mounting on the cutting tool body 111 is prone to damage due to uneven force caused by an uneven reference. The tool pad 112 can provide a flat and stable mounting reference for the ceramic insert 130. At the same time, through the structural cooperation between the tool pad 112 and the ceramic insert 130, the cutting posture of the ceramic insert 130 can be precisely adjusted to ensure that the cutting angle meets the machining requirements. The fixing method using the screw 113 can ensure the stability of the tool pad 112 installation and facilitate subsequent disassembly and replacement, reducing maintenance costs.

[0051] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the cutter body body according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, in some examples, the front end of the cutter body body 111 forms a mounting reference position 1111, and the cutter pad 112 is disposed on the mounting reference position 1111. A threaded hole 1112 is provided on the mounting reference position 1111, and a screw 113 is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole 1112 to fix the cutter pad 112. The mounting reference position 1111 provides a preset mounting positioning surface for the cutter pad 112 and the ceramic blade 130, which can ensure the flatness and positional accuracy of the cutter pad 112 after installation, and avoid the cutting effect of the ceramic blade 130 due to installation misalignment. The engagement of the threaded hole 1112 and the screw 113 enables the detachable fixing of the cutter pad 112, which not only ensures the stability of the cutter pad 112 during high-load cutting, but also provides convenience for subsequent adjustment or replacement of the cutter pad 112.

[0052] Figure 9 An exploded view of the blade fastening part according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the pressure holder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a chip breaker baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown, in some examples, the front end of the pressure holder 121 is provided with a mounting slot 1212 for accommodating the chip breaker baffle 122, and a positioning mandrel 1211 is formed on the mounting slot 1212. The chip breaker baffle 122 is provided with a positioning hole 1222, which structurally mates with the positioning mandrel 1211. The mounting slot 1212 is used to define the mounting area of ​​the chip breaker baffle 122 to prevent its lateral displacement. The mate between the positioning mandrel 1211 and the positioning hole 1222 ensures that the mounting position of the chip breaker baffle 122 is accurate, so that the chip breaker bevel 1221 of the chip breaker baffle 122 corresponds one-to-one with the cutting edge of the ceramic insert 130, ensuring that the chips can accurately contact the chip breaker bevel 1221 and avoiding chip breaker failure due to installation deviation.

[0053] In some examples, reference Figure 9The blade fastening part 120 also includes an L-shaped pressure plate 123 and a fastening screw 124. The two right-angled sides of the L-shaped pressure plate 123 respectively fit against the top and side surfaces of the chip breaker baffle 122, forming a compatible structural fit. During assembly, the L-shaped pressure plate 123 is threaded into the pressure holder 121 through its preset hole by the fastening screw 124, firmly locking the chip breaker baffle 122 in the mounting slot 1212 of the pressure holder 121. At the same time, the lateral limiting effect of the L-shaped structure restricts the horizontal displacement of the chip breaker baffle 122. When cutting high-strength materials such as hardened steel, the chip breaker baffle 122 needs to continuously withstand the high-frequency impact and vibration of the chips, while the positioning mandrel 1211 can only achieve preliminary positioning and lacks sufficient locking and vibration resistance. Long-term operation can easily cause the chip breaker baffle 122 to shift, thereby compromising its fit accuracy with the ceramic blade 130 and affecting the chip breaking effect. The L-shaped pressure plate 123 increases the contact area with the chip breaker baffle 122, thus evenly transmitting the tightening force of the fastening screw 124 to the entire chip breaker baffle 122 and avoiding deformation caused by localized force concentration. On the other hand, the bidirectional fit of the right-angled edges further enhances the installation stability and vibration resistance of the chip breaker baffle 122, maintaining the relative position of the chip breaker bevel 1221 and the ceramic blade 130 in the chip breaker structure, ultimately achieving a stable and consistent chip breaker effect.

[0054] In some examples, reference Figure 10 The pressure holder 121 has a countersunk hole 1213. (Reference) Figure 8 A blind hole 1113 is provided at the top front end of the blade body 111. (Reference) Figure 6 The composite chip breaker 100 also includes a support spring 150 and a locking screw 160. One end of the support spring 150 is located in the countersunk hole 1213, and the other end is located in the blind hole 1113. The locking screw 160 passes through the countersunk hole 1213 and the support spring 150 and is fixed in place with the blind hole 1113, so that the pressure holder 121 presses the ceramic insert 130 tightly through the chip breaker baffle 122. Since the ceramic insert 130 is brittle, excessive pressure can easily lead to breakage. The elastic support of the support spring 150 enables the pressure holder 121 to form a suspended pressure structure. When the locking screw 160 is tightened, the support spring 150 can buffer part of the pressure force. This ensures the installation strength of the ceramic insert 130 under high-load cutting through the locking screw 160, while also preventing excessive pressure from damaging the ceramic insert 130, thus achieving a balance between fastening and protection.

[0055] In some examples, reference Figure 10 The pressure holder 121 also has an elongated groove 1214 that communicates with the countersunk hole 1213. (Reference) Figure 7 and Figure 8The front end of the cutter body 111 is provided with a pin hole 1114. The main cutter body 110 also includes a spring pin 114, one end of which falls into the elongated groove 1214, and the other end is fixed in place with the pin hole 1114. The length direction of the elongated groove 1214 is basically consistent with the length direction of the cutter body 111. Since vibration during the cutting process may cause the pressure holder 121 to shift in an unexpected direction, the engagement of the spring pin 114 and the elongated groove 1214 can limit the pressure holder 121 to move only in the front-back direction, avoiding lateral displacement that could cause misalignment between the chip breaker bevel 1221 and the ceramic insert 130, ensuring the fit accuracy of the chip breaker structure, and at the same time not affecting the normal installation and adjustment of the pressure holder 121.

[0056] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the high-pressure cooling air circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A partial sectional view. Combined with... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some examples, the composite chip breaker 100 also includes a high-pressure cooling air circuit module 140. This module 140 includes a gas channel 143 disposed within the cutter body 111. The surface of the cutter body 111 has a front mounting hole 1116 and a rear mounting hole 1117 respectively communicating with the gas channel 143. The rear mounting hole 1117 has a rear air inlet 142, and the front mounting hole 1116 has a front air outlet 141. Since single mechanical chip breaking has limited chip breaking effect on high-strength hardened steel, the high-pressure cooling air circuit module 140 can cooperate with the mechanical chip breaking structure, guiding cooling gas from the rear air inlet 142 into the gas channel 143, and the front air outlet 141 precisely guiding the cooling gas to the chip breaking structure. Through the cooling and embrittlement effect of the cooling gas, the chip toughness is reduced, while simultaneously accelerating chip collision, promoting complete chip breakage and improving chip breaking efficiency.

[0057] In some examples, the front air outlet 141 includes a compression fitting right-angle tube connector 1411 and a metal hose 1412. The compression fitting right-angle tube connector 1411 is sealed and fixed in place with the front mounting hole 1116. One end of the metal hose 1412 is connected to the compression fitting right-angle tube connector 1411, and the other end forms an air outlet aligned with the machining tip area of ​​the ceramic blade 130. The rear air inlet 142 includes a pneumatic quick connector 1421 and a gas hose 1422. The gas hose 1422 is sealed and connected to the rear mounting hole 1117 via the pneumatic quick connector 1421. The gas hose 1422 is connected to an external air source. (Reference) Figure 8The front end of the cutter body 111 has an arc groove 1115, and the metal hose 1412 is structurally fitted with the arc groove 1115. The compression fitting right-angle connector 1411 has reliable sealing performance, which can prevent gas leakage and ensure stable air pressure. The metal hose 1412 has good flexibility, and its air outlet can be aligned with the cutter tip area, so that the cooling gas can directly act on the chips. The pneumatic quick connector 1421 facilitates quick connection to an external air source, improving work efficiency. The arc groove 1115 can fix the position of the metal hose 1412 in a locking manner, preventing the metal hose 1412 from shifting during cutting and causing the air outlet to deviate from the target area, while making the overall structure more compact and avoiding interference with the cutting operation.

[0058] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown for machining the end face of a wheel. Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A magnified view of a portion of the image. Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a composite chip-breaking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown for machining the outer diameter of a wheel. Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A magnified view of a portion of the image. Figure 18 yes Figure 16 Top view. Figure 19 yes Figure 18 These figures are enlarged schematic diagrams of specific parts. They illustrate the operation of the composite chip-breaking tool 100 provided by this invention in machining the end face and outer diameter of a port machinery traveling hardened steel wheel. The figures include the hardened steel wheel to be machined, and the composite chip-breaking tool 100 mounted vertically and horizontally on the lathe tool post. Each enlarged area clearly shows the cutting contact position between the tool tip and the end face and outer diameter of the wheel, intuitively demonstrating the machining fit between the tool and the workpiece.

[0059] Referring to the attached diagram, the usage process of the composite chip breaker 100 is briefly described. Taking the cutting of the end face as an example, the usage process of this tool for the end face of a wheel revolves around the following steps: For clamping preparation, the composite chip breaker 100 is mounted vertically on the vertical rotary tool post of the vertical lathe, with its machining end corresponding to the end face area of ​​the hardened steel wheel to be machined; at the same time, the wheel is clamped in the lathe chuck according to the conventional operation to ensure that the workpiece is clamped securely.

[0060] Before the ceramic blade 130 contacts the surface of the wheel workpiece, the power supply of the high-pressure cooling gas supply equipment is turned on (the rear air inlet 142 of the blade has been pre-connected to the air supply system), and the cooling gas temperature is adjusted to about -20°C to put the equipment in the ready-to-output state.

[0061] Cutting parameters are matched by selecting appropriate cutting parameters (such as cutting speed, feed rate, etc.) for the ceramic insert 130 based on the material hardness of the wheel (e.g., surface hardness of 42CrMo after quenching > HRC50) and the machining accuracy requirements.

[0062] For end face cutting and chip breaking, after the machine tool is started, the ceramic insert 130 contacts the end face of the wheel and begins cutting. At this time, the chip breaking baffle 122 acts first, forcing the chips generated during cutting to collide with and curl and deform, allowing the chips to harden and become brittle during the deformation process, initially showing a tendency to break. At the same time, the -20°C high-pressure cooling gas ejected from the air outlet 141 at the front end of the tool 100 not only quickly removes the heat from the chips to further increase their brittleness, but also accelerates the collision between the chips and the wheel or the back face of the tool, making the chips easier to break completely. The broken chips are directly blown away from the wheel surface by the high-pressure cold air, preventing them from scratching the machined area of ​​the workpiece.

[0063] To complete the machining process, once the wheel end face has been machined to the preset dimensions, shut down the machine tool and the high-pressure cooling gas equipment, unload the workpiece, and complete the end face machining process.

[0064] Compared with existing technologies, the composite chip-breaking tool provided by this invention has the following advantages: 1. Excellent chip breaking effect: The chip breaking baffle and the top surface of the ceramic insert form a chip breaking structure, which guides the chip to curl and deform and initially harden. At the same time, the high-pressure cooling gas at -20°C rapidly cools the chip, significantly improving the chip brittleness and accelerating the collision between the chip and the workpiece or the back face of the tool, achieving efficient chip breaking and completely solving the problem of long chips and chip breaking during the turning of hardened steel.

[0065] 2. Improved machining quality: High-pressure cooling gas can quickly blow broken chips away from the workpiece surface, preventing chips from wrapping around the tool and scratching the machined surface of the workpiece. At the same time, it reduces the interference of chips on the cutting process, reduces the risk of tool breakage, and ensures the machining accuracy and surface quality of hardened steel wheels.

[0066] 3. Wide range of applications: The angle A and distance L between the chip breaking bevel and the top surface of the ceramic insert can be flexibly adjusted according to the material and hardness of the workpiece, adapting to the turning needs of hardened steel workpieces of different specifications and hardness, making it highly practical.

[0067] 4. Improved processing efficiency: It eliminates the need for frequent machine stops to clean chips, enabling continuous operation of hardened steel turning. At the same time, the tool components are stably assembled and have a long service life, reducing tool replacement and maintenance time and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0068] 5. Reasonable structural design: The modular integrated design ensures reliable connection and convenient assembly of each component. The hidden gas channel inside the main cutter body makes the tool structure compact and occupies little space, making it suitable for the installation and use requirements of vertical lathes.

[0069] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the exemplary embodiments described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that this invention cover modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite chip-breaking tool, comprising: The main blade section, including the blade body; A ceramic blade is disposed at the front end of the blade body; The blade fastening part includes a blade pressing seat and a chip breaking baffle. The blade pressing seat is disposed on the blade body, and the chip breaking baffle is disposed on the blade pressing seat. The blade pressing seat presses the ceramic blade onto the blade body through the chip breaking baffle. The chip-breaking baffle has a chip-breaking inclined surface around its periphery, and the chip-breaking inclined surface cooperates with the top surface of the ceramic blade to form a chip-breaking structure.

2. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The chip-breaking bevel forms an inclined angle A with the top surface of the ceramic blade, and the distance between the bottom edge of the chip-breaking bevel and the top edge of the ceramic blade is L. The inclined angle A and the distance L are adjusted to adapt to the processing requirements of different processing materials and hardness.

3. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main blade body also includes a blade pad and a screw. The blade pad is fixed to the front end of the blade body by the screw. The blade pad cooperates with the ceramic blade structure to adjust the position of the ceramic blade.

4. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The front end of the blade body forms an installation reference position, the blade pad is disposed on the installation reference position, a threaded hole is provided on the installation reference position, and the screw is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole to fix the blade pad.

5. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A mounting slot for accommodating the chip breaker baffle is provided at the front end of the pressure holder. A positioning mandrel is formed in the mounting slot. A positioning hole is provided on the chip breaker baffle, and the positioning hole is structurally matched with the positioning mandrel.

6. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The blade fastening part also includes a pressure plate and a fastening screw. The pressure plate cooperates with the chip breaker baffle structure. The pressure plate is fixed to the pressure plate seat by the fastening screw, so that the chip breaker baffle is fixed in the mounting slot.

7. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A countersunk hole is provided on the pressure holder, and a blind hole is provided at the top front end of the cutter body. The composite chip breaker also includes a support spring and a locking screw. One end of the support spring is located in the countersunk hole, and the other end is located in the blind hole. The locking screw passes through the countersunk hole and the support spring and is fixed in cooperation with the blind hole. The locking screw is used to press the pressure holder so that the chip breaker baffle presses tightly against the ceramic cutter.

8. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure holder is also provided with a long groove that communicates with the countersunk hole. A pin hole is also provided at the top front end of the blade body. The main blade body also includes a spring pin. One end of the spring pin falls into the long groove, and the other end is fixed in conjunction with the pin hole.

9. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite chip breaker also includes a high-pressure cooling air circuit module, which comprises: A gas channel is provided inside the blade body. The surface of the blade body has a front mounting hole and a rear mounting hole, which are respectively connected to the gas channel. A rear air intake is disposed on the rear mounting hole, and the rear air intake is used to guide cooling gas into the gas channel. A front air outlet is provided on the front mounting hole, and the front air outlet is used to guide cooling gas to the chip breaking structure.

10. The composite chip-breaking tool as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The front air outlet includes a compression fitting right-angle tube connector and a metal hose. The compression fitting right-angle tube connector is sealed and fixed with the front mounting hole. One end of the metal hose is connected to the compression fitting right-angle tube connector, and the other end forms an air outlet and is aligned with the processing tip area of ​​the ceramic blade. The rear air intake pneumatic quick connector and gas hose are connected to the rear mounting hole through the pneumatic quick connector and the gas hose is connected to an external air source. An arc groove is provided on the top front surface of the blade body, and the flexible metal tube is fitted with the arc groove structure.

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