Pet bone fracture plate preparation process combining high-efficiency different-temperature profiling and multi-step surface treatment

Abstract

The invention is applied to the technical field of veterinarians, and discloses a pet bone fracture plate preparation process combining efficient temperature-divided profiling and multi-step surface treatment, and the preparation process comprises the following steps: S1, cutting; s2, profiling at different temperatures; s3, electrolytic treatment; s4, polishing treatment is carried out; s5, carrying out sand blasting treatment; and S6, oxidation treatment. According to the pet bone fracture plate preparation process combining efficient temperature division compression and multi-step surface treatment, the limitation of traditional single temperature compression is broken through, temperature division treatment is innovatively carried out according to the final form of a product, and for a structure needing complex bending, high-temperature compression is adopted with the assistance of a protective atmosphere; the problems of cracking and springback easily occurring in the forming process of the material are effectively solved, accurate forming of a complex three-dimensional structure is guaranteed, normal-temperature profiling is adopted for a flat structure, the situation that the microstructure performance of the material is reduced due to improper heat input is avoided, a differentiated accurate profiling strategy is adopted, and the production efficiency is improved. And the size precision and the forming consistency of bone fracture plates with different configurations are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of veterinary technology, specifically to a pet bone plate preparation process that combines high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding with multi-step surface treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Pet bone plates are key implantable devices for internal fixation of fractures in veterinary medicine. The optimization of their manufacturing process directly affects the product's mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and long-term safety. Currently, the industry commonly uses titanium or titanium alloys to manufacture bone plates, but traditional processes have the following prominent problems: Insufficient adaptability of molding process: Conventional molding process mostly uses a single temperature condition, which is difficult to take into account the molding requirements of bone plates with different structures. For bone plates that need to be bent in a complex way, room temperature molding is prone to material cracking or springback, while overall high temperature molding may cause coarse grains in flat areas, affecting the overall mechanical properties. Existing technology lacks differentiated molding solutions for bone plates with different shapes, resulting in limited product accuracy and pass rate. Poor coordination in surface treatment: The surface treatment of bone plates usually involves multiple processes such as degreasing, grinding, sandblasting, and oxidation. However, the parameters between each process are not accurately matched, which can easily lead to unsatisfactory treatment results. For example, if the cleaning is not thorough after electrolytic degreasing, the residual electrolyte will contaminate the subsequent processes. If the sandblasting roughening is not properly connected with the oxidation process, it may lead to insufficient adhesion of the oxide film and affect corrosion resistance. Inadequate control over surface integrity: Traditional processes have insufficient control over key indicators such as surface roughness and film density, which can easily lead to microscopic defects. If the abrasive particle size or pressure is not properly selected during the sandblasting process, it may cause surface damage. If there are fluctuations in voltage and temperature during the oxidation process, a loose and porous oxide film can easily be generated, which can reduce the biocompatibility and service life of the implant. Poor balance between efficiency and cost: Existing processes often extend processing time or add redundant steps in order to ensure quality, resulting in low production efficiency. For example, annealing is required separately after molding to eliminate stress, and there is a lack of efficient sealing treatment after oxidation, all of which increase production costs and cycle time. To overcome the above-mentioned defects, there is an urgent need for a high-efficiency manufacturing process that integrates temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment. By precisely controlling the parameters of each step and the connection between processes, the molding accuracy, surface properties and production efficiency of the bone plate can be synergistically improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pet bone plate preparation process that combines efficient temperature-controlled molding with multi-step surface treatment, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as insufficient adaptability of molding process, poor synergy of surface treatment steps, inadequate control of surface integrity, and poor balance between efficiency and cost.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme: the preparation process of the pet bone plate combined with high-efficiency temperature and pressure forming and multi-step surface treatment, which comprises the following steps: S1. Cutting: selecting medical pure titanium or titanium alloy blank with purity ≥ 99.5%, using numerical control wire cutting machine tool for precise cutting, controlling the cutting accuracy within ± 0.05 mm, forming the bone plate prototype, and using high-pressure air gun to remove the surface metal debris after cutting; S2. Temperature and pressure forming: differentiating the treatment according to the product shape requirements, using normal temperature pressure forming for the flat bone plate prototype, and using high temperature pressure forming for the bending bone plate prototype, uniformly applying 0.01-0.03 mm thick graphite lubricant on the surface of the blank before pressure forming; S3. Electrolytic treatment: electrolytic degreasing and impurity removal of the bone plate, using a circulating stirring device to ensure the uniformity of the electrolyte concentration during electrolysis, and immediately rinsing with deionized water after treatment until the surface pH value is neutral; S4. Polishing treatment: sequentially roughening and fine grinding the surface of the electrolyzed bone plate, using water cooling method for cooling during polishing to avoid surface oxidation; S5. Sand blasting treatment: using high-pressure sand blasting equipment to roughen the surface of the bone plate, and keeping the spray gun and the workpiece surface at an angle of 45-60° during sand blasting; S6. Oxidation treatment: anodizing the bone plate to form a protective film, and performing sealing treatment after oxidation to improve the compactness of the film.

[0005] Preferably, in the normal temperature pressure forming step, the pressure forming temperature is 20-30℃, the pressure forming pressure is 50-100 MPa, the pressure holding time is 5-10 s, a precision mold made of Cr12MoV material is used, and the surface roughness Ra of the mold is ≤ 0.02 μm, the process is suitable for flat bone plate prototypes with thickness ≤ 2 mm and surface flatness requirement ≤ 0.1 mm / m, and the flatness is detected by a dial gauge after pressure forming.

[0006] By controlling the temperature, pressure and pressure holding time of the normal temperature pressure forming, and using a high-precision mold, the microstructure performance decline of the flat bone plate prototype caused by improper heat input during pressure forming is effectively avoided, the high flatness requirement of the product is ensured, and the production efficiency and dimensional stability are improved.

[0007] Preferably, in the high-temperature pressing step, the blank is heated to 500-600℃ by resistance heating, the holding time is 10-20min, argon is introduced for anti-oxidation protection during the holding process, the pressing pressure is 100-200MPa, the holding time is 15-25s, the mold preheating temperature is 150-200℃, and the process is suitable for the formation of a bone plate prototype with a bending angle of 30°-120° and a bending curvature radius of ≤2mm. After pressing, the furnace is cooled to below 200℃ and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0008] By precisely controlling the heating temperature, holding time and protective atmosphere, and combining with preheating the mold and specific pressure parameters, the above technical solution significantly reduces the cracking tendency and springback amount of the material during the complex bending forming process, ensuring the accurate forming of the complex three-dimensional structure and the uniformity of the internal organization.

[0009] Preferably, the electrolytic treatment uses a mixed electrolyte of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide, with a sodium chloride concentration of 5-10g / L, a sodium hydroxide concentration of 20-30g / L, an electrolyte temperature of 40-60℃, an electrolytic voltage of 5-10V, a current density of 1-3A / dm², and an electrolysis time of 5-10min. The electrolytic cell is made of titanium to avoid contamination of the electrolyte. After treatment, the bone plate is ultrasonically cleaned for 5min to remove impurities in the gaps.

[0010] By optimizing the electrolyte composition, temperature and electrical parameters, and supplemented by circulating stirring and ultrasonic cleaning, the above technical solution can efficiently and thoroughly remove oil and impurities from the surface of the bone plate, providing a clean and activated substrate for subsequent surface treatment processes, and avoiding cross-contamination.

[0011] Preferably, the grinding treatment includes: Coarse grinding: using 80-120 mesh diamond sandpaper, removing surface burrs, cutting marks and oxide scales through a sand belt grinder at a speed of 1500-2000r / min, and controlling the grinding depth to be 0.05-0.1mm; Fine grinding: using 200-300 mesh aluminum oxide sandpaper for surface polishing at a speed of 3000-4000r / min, continuously spraying deionized water with a temperature of ≤25℃ during the grinding process, and the surface roughness Ra of the bone plate after fine grinding is ≤0.2μm without obvious scratches. The surface quality is detected by an optical microscope.

[0012] By step-by-step coarse and fine grinding and strictly controlling the grinding parameters and cooling conditions, the above technical solution can effectively remove surface defects and obtain a uniform and smooth surface, avoiding oxidation caused by overheating during grinding, and laying a good foundation for subsequent sandblasting and oxidation treatment.

[0013] Preferably, the sand blasting treatment uses alumina sand particles with a particle size of 50-100 μm, a circularity of ≥0.8, a purity of ≥99%, a sand blasting pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa, a sand blasting distance of 10-15 cm, a sand blasting time of 10-30 s, and a sand blasting rate of 5-8 kg / min, and a uniform rough layer is formed on the surface of the bone plate after the treatment, with a surface roughness Ra of 0.5-1.0 μm and a rough layer thickness of 0.01-0.03 mm, and the surface residual sand particles are removed by reverse blowing with compressed air after the treatment.

[0014] By using the above technical solution, a uniform and controllable roughness can be formed on the surface of the bone plate by selecting sand particles with a specific particle size and purity and controlling the sand blasting angle, pressure and time, which significantly increases the surface area and thus enhances the mechanical interlocking force and bonding strength of the subsequent oxide film and the substrate.

[0015] Preferably, in the oxidation treatment step, the oxidation electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 15%-20%, the purity of the sulfuric acid is AR grade, 0.1%-0.3% of citric acid is added to the electrolyte as a corrosion inhibitor, the oxidation voltage is 12-18 V, the current density is 2-5 A / dm², the oxidation temperature is 20-25 °C, the oxidation time is 20-30 min, a dense alumina protective film with a thickness of 5-10 μm is formed, the protective film has a Vickers hardness of ≥300 HV, and the protective film is immediately rinsed with deionized water at 60-70 °C for 3-5 min after the oxidation.

[0016] By optimizing the oxidation electrolyte formula and oxidation process parameters, the above technical solution can generate a layer of alumina protective film on the surface of the bone plate, which is uniform in thickness, dense and high in hardness, and significantly improves the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and biocompatibility of the product.

[0017] Preferably, before the temperature-dependent compression step, the metal blank is subjected to a stress relief annealing treatment, the annealing is performed in a vacuum annealing furnace, the vacuum degree is ≤5×10⁻³ Pa, the annealing temperature is 300-400 °C, the holding time is 30-60 min, the heating rate is 5-10 °C / min, the temperature is lowered to below 100 °C at a rate of 3-5 °C / min after the holding is completed, and then air cooling is performed to room temperature, and the tensile strength of the blank after the annealing has a fluctuation range of ≤5 MPa.

[0018] By performing vacuum stress relief annealing before compression, the above technical solution effectively eliminates the internal stress of the blank caused by the previous cutting process, stabilizes the microstructure and mechanical properties of the material, provides a more uniform material state for subsequent precise compression, and reduces forming defects.

[0019] Preferably, after the sand blasting treatment and before the oxidation treatment, a secondary electrolysis step is added, the electrolyte is a dilute nitric acid solution with a concentration of 5%-10%, the purity of the nitric acid is AR grade, the electrolysis temperature is 25-35 DEG C, the electrolysis voltage is 2-5V, and the electrolysis time is 2-5min, which is used to remove the residual aluminum oxide sand particles and the newly formed oxide film on the surface, and after the treatment, the surface is rinsed with deionized water until there is no acidic residue, and the pH value is confirmed to be 6.5-7.5 by pH test paper detection.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the embedded sand particles and the thin oxide film naturally formed on the surface after sand blasting can be effectively removed through the secondary electrolysis step with weak acid after sand blasting, the surface is further activated, the high cleanliness and activity of the substrate before the oxidation treatment are ensured, and thus the oxide film with better bonding force is obtained.

[0021] Preferably, after the oxidation treatment, the bone plate is subjected to a sealing treatment, the sealing liquid is a mixed solution containing 10-20g / L of nickel sulfate and 3-5g / L of boric acid, the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 4.5-5.5, the sealing temperature is 80-90 DEG C, the sealing time is 5-10min, a magnetic stirrer is used for continuous stirring during the sealing process, the stirring rate is 100-200r / min, after the sealing, the bone plate is placed in a drying oven at 100-120 DEG C for drying for 15-20min, and the porosity of the protective film after the treatment is ≤1%, so that the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility are improved.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the micro-holes on the surface of the oxide film can be effectively filled through the nickel salt sealing treatment after the oxidation, the porosity of the film layer is significantly reduced, the compactness, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility are further improved, and the service life of the implanted body is prolonged.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the pet bone plate preparation process with the high-efficiency split-temperature compression and multi-step surface treatment has the following beneficial effects: 1. The limitations of traditional single-temperature compression are broken through, and the split-temperature treatment is innovatively carried out according to the final form of the product, for the structure that needs to be complexly bent, high-temperature compression is adopted and a protective atmosphere is supplemented, so that the cracking and rebounding problems that are prone to occur in the material during the forming process are effectively overcome, the accurate forming of the complex three-dimensional structure is ensured, for the flat structure, the optimized normal-temperature compression is adopted, so that the decline of the microstructure performance of the material caused by improper heat input is avoided, and the differential accurate compression strategy significantly improves the dimensional accuracy and forming consistency of the bone plates with different structures. 2. The multi-step surface treatment processes such as electrolysis, polishing, sandblasting, and oxidation are systematically integrated and optimized. By precisely designing the connection mode and process conditions of each link, the continuity and stability of the treatment effect are ensured. For example, thorough cleaning after electrolysis provides a clean substrate for subsequent polishing, and secondary electrolysis after sandblasting effectively activates the surface and removes residues, laying a foundation for obtaining a high-quality oxidation film. This interlocking process design solves the problem of disconnection and mutual interference between steps in traditional methods, achieving a significant improvement in surface treatment effect; 3. Through the serialized surface treatment technology, the physical and chemical states of the bone plate surface can be precisely controlled. The final surface oxidation protective film is not only dense and uniform, but also has strong adhesion, thereby greatly improving the corrosion resistance and long-term chemical stability of the implant. At the same time, the optimized surface properties are also more conducive to bone cell attachment and growth, i.e., have better biocompatibility, which provides a good biological environment for fracture healing and improves the clinical use effect and safety of the product; 4. The process design focuses on overall efficiency, and the temperature and pressure type strategy itself is targeted, avoiding unnecessary processing steps. The optimized setting of process parameters ensures treatment efficiency. In particular, through strengthening measures such as closed processing, it is possible to simplify or shorten the processing requirements of the previous process while ensuring the high performance of the surface film layer. This efficient integrated process scheme helps to shorten the production cycle and reduce the overall cost under the premise of ensuring excellent product quality, and has good economic benefits and industrialization prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall preparation process of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a technical solution: an efficient temperature and pressure type combined with multi-step surface treatment for pet bone plate preparation process.

[0027] Embodiment 1: basic process embodiment The present embodiment provides a basic preparation process of an efficient temperature and pressure type combined with multi-step surface treatment for pet bone plate, the specific steps are as follows: S1. Cutting: Select TC4 titanium alloy blank with purity ≥ 99.5%, use numerical control wire cutting machine tool to cut it into the predetermined specification of bone plate prototype, after cutting, use high pressure air gun to remove the surface attached metal debris.

[0028] S2. Temperature division pressure type: After detection, the bone plate prototype is the shape that needs to be bent, therefore, high temperature pressure forming process is adopted, the blank is put into the resistance heating furnace, heated to 550℃ under argon protection, and kept for 15 minutes, then it is transferred to the mold which has been preheated to 180℃, 150MPa pressure is applied, after 20 seconds of pressure holding, the blank is cooled to below 150℃ with the furnace, and then taken out and air cooled to room temperature.

[0029] S3. Electrolytic treatment: After pressure forming, the bone plate is placed in an electrolytic tank, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution containing 8g / L sodium chloride and 25g / L sodium hydroxide, the temperature is maintained at 50℃, electrolytic treatment is carried out under 8V voltage and 2A / dm² current density for 8 minutes, during the electrolysis process, the circulating pump is started to stir the electrolyte, after treatment, the bone plate is immediately rinsed with a large amount of deionized water until the pH value of the rinsing water is neutral.

[0030] S4. Polishing treatment: first rough grinding, using 100 mesh diamond abrasive belt, polishing at a speed of 1800r / min, removing about 0.08mm thick surface layer material, while spraying deionized water to cool down, then fine grinding, using 250 mesh alumina sandpaper, polishing at a speed of 3500r / min, finally making the surface roughness Ra of the bone plate reach 0.18μm, and no obvious macroscopic scratch.

[0031] S5. Sand blasting treatment: using high purity alumina sand with particle size of 80μm, under the pressure of 0.4MPa, maintaining the angle between the spray gun and the workpiece at 50°, sandblasting the surface at a uniform speed for 20 seconds, after treatment, the surface is blown with clean compressed air to remove residual sand particles.

[0032] S6. Oxidation treatment: the sandblasted bone plate is used as anode and placed in 18% sulfuric acid electrolyte, oxidized at 15V voltage and 20℃ for 25 minutes to form a dense oxide film, after oxidation, rinsed with 65℃ deionized water for 4 minutes, then sealed in a closed solution containing 15g / L nickel sulfate at 85℃ for 8 minutes, finally dried in an oven at 110℃ for 18 minutes.

[0033] This example completely demonstrates the specific implementation of the core process route of the application, through the combination of temperature division pressure forming and subsequent multi-step precise surface treatment, a bone plate with good forming precision and excellent surface performance is successfully prepared.

[0034] Example 2: Example for flat bone plate The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the differential compression process of the flat bone plate blank is highlighted.

[0035] In the S2 temperature-divided compression step, since the bone plate blank is in a flat shape, a normal temperature compression process is adopted. At room temperature (about 25℃), a high-precision mold is used to apply a pressure of 80MPa to the blank for 8 seconds. After compression, a dial indicator is used to detect the flatness immediately to ensure that it meets the technical requirement of ≤0.1mm / m. The subsequent steps S3 to S6 are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0036] This embodiment specifically describes the application of the "normal temperature compression" scheme in the "temperature-divided compression" process, proving that the process of the present application can flexibly select the most suitable compression parameters according to the product shape, avoiding unnecessary heating for flat parts, while ensuring the flatness accuracy, improving energy efficiency and production efficiency.

[0037] Embodiment 3: Embodiment including pretreatment and optimization steps This embodiment adds key pretreatment and post-treatment optimization steps based on embodiment 1 to further improve the stability and reliability of product performance.

[0038] Before the S2 temperature-divided compression step, a pretreatment step is added: the cut titanium alloy blank is annealed to remove stress. The blank is placed in a vacuum annealing furnace, vacuumed to below 5×10⁻³ Pa, heated to 350℃ at a rate of 8℃ / min, and then slowly cooled to 80℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min after 45 minutes of holding. The blank is then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled. This step effectively eliminates the machining stress introduced by wire cutting, providing a more stable material state for subsequent compression.

[0039] After the S5 sandblasting treatment and before the S6 oxidation treatment, a secondary electrolysis step is added: the sandblasted bone plate is placed in an 8% dilute nitric acid solution and electrolyzed at 30℃ and 3V for 3 minutes. This is done to completely remove the trace amount of sand particles that may be embedded on the surface after sandblasting, and to activate the surface, thereby significantly enhancing the bonding force between the subsequent oxidation film and the substrate. After secondary electrolysis, the part is thoroughly rinsed with deionized water to neutralize it before the S6 oxidation treatment.

[0040] This embodiment demonstrates the scalability and optimization potential of the process of the present application. By adding optimization steps such as stress relief annealing and secondary electrolysis, the product quality is further improved from both the material internal state and the surface interface bonding. It is especially suitable for bone plate products with extremely high performance requirements or particularly complex shapes.

[0041] Embodiment 4: Preparation of a bone plate for small dogs This embodiment is specifically applied to the preparation of a micro bone plate for small dog ulna fracture, which is characterized by small size, thin thickness (about 1mm) and no need for bending.

[0042] S1. Cutting: Select high-purity pure titanium sheet blank as the material, and process the micro bone plate prototype by precise wire cutting.

[0043] S2. Temperature-dependent pressure molding: Since it is a flat and thin plate part, it is directly molded at room temperature, with a pressure setting of 60 MPa and a pressure holding time of 6 seconds to ensure that the microstructure is not deformed.

[0044] S3. Electrolytic treatment: Use a low-concentration electrolyte (5 g / L of sodium chloride and 22 g / L of sodium hydroxide) to treat at 45°C and 6V for 6 minutes to avoid over-corrosion of the part.

[0045] S4. Polishing treatment: Use 300-mesh fine sandpaper for fine grinding, and perform fine polishing at a high speed (3800 r / min) to ensure that the surface has a very high smoothness (Ra≤0.15 μm) and reduces stress concentration.

[0046] S5. Sandblasting treatment: Use finer alumina sand particles (particle size about 50 μm), lower pressure (0.3 MPa) and shorter time (10 s) for light roughening to obtain a micro-rough surface suitable for bone integration.

[0047] S6. Oxidation treatment: Use a lower oxidation voltage (12V) and time (20 min) to generate a uniform and dense oxide film about 5 μm thick.

[0048] The effect of this embodiment is that it illustrates that the process parameters of the application can be accurately adjusted according to the specific specifications of the product (such as small size and thin wall), have strong adaptability and scalability, and can meet the individual needs of different pet sizes and fracture types.

[0049] Although embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the details of the foregoing embodiments, and that various changes in the form and details thereof can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency pet bone plate manufacturing process combining temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment, characterized by: The preparation process includes the following steps: S1. Cutting: Select medical-grade pure titanium or titanium alloy blanks with a purity of ≥99.5% and use a CNC wire cutting machine for precision cutting. The cutting accuracy is controlled within ±0.05mm to form the bone plate prototype. After cutting, use a high-pressure air gun to remove surface metal debris. S2. Temperature-differentiated molding: Differentiated processing is carried out according to product form requirements. Flat bone plate prototypes are molded at room temperature, while bone plate prototypes that need to be bent are molded at high temperature. Before molding, a 0.01-0.03mm thick layer of graphite lubricant is evenly applied to the surface of the blank. S3. Electrolytic treatment: Electrolyze the joint plate to remove oil and impurities. During the electrolysis process, a circulating stirring device is used to ensure that the electrolyte concentration is uniform. After treatment, rinse with deionized water until the surface pH value is neutral. S4. Grinding treatment: The surface of the electrolytic bone plate is subjected to coarse grinding and fine grinding in sequence. Water cooling is used during the grinding process to prevent surface oxidation. S5. Sandblasting: High-pressure sandblasting equipment is used to roughen the surface of the joint plate. During the sandblasting process, the spray gun is kept at a 45-60° angle to the workpiece surface and moves at a constant speed. S6. Oxidation treatment: The butt plate is anodized to form a protective film. After oxidation, a sealing treatment is performed to improve the density of the film.

2. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the ambient temperature molding step, the molding temperature is 20-30℃, the molding pressure is 50-100MPa, the holding time is 5-10s, and a precision mold made of Cr12MoV material is used. The surface roughness of the mold is Ra≤0.02μm. This process is suitable for flat bone plate prototypes with a thickness ≤2mm and a surface flatness requirement ≤0.1mm / m. After molding, the flatness is checked by a dial indicator.

3. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the high-temperature pressing step, the blank is heated to 500-600℃ by resistance heating and held for 10-20 minutes. Argon gas is introduced during the holding process for anti-oxidation protection. The pressing pressure is 100-200MPa and the holding time is 15-25s. The mold preheating temperature is 150-200℃. This process is suitable for forming the bone plate prototype with a bending angle of 30°-120° and a curvature radius of ≤2mm at the bending point. After pressing, the blank is cooled to below 200℃ in the furnace and then air-cooled to room temperature.

4. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic treatment uses a mixed electrolyte of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide, with a sodium chloride concentration of 5-10 g / L and a sodium hydroxide concentration of 20-30 g / L. The electrolyte temperature is 40-60℃, the electrolysis voltage is 5-10V, the current density is 1-3A / dm², and the electrolysis time is 5-10 min. The electrolytic cell is made of titanium to avoid electrolyte contamination. After treatment, the joint plate is ultrasonically cleaned for 5 min to remove residual impurities in the gaps.

5. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing process includes: Coarse grinding: Use 80-120 grit diamond sandpaper and a belt sander at a speed of 1500-2000 r / min to remove surface burrs, cutting marks and oxide scale. The grinding depth is controlled at 0.05-0.1 mm. Fine grinding: Use 200-300 grit alumina sandpaper to polish the surface at a speed of 3000-4000 r / min. During the grinding process, continuously spray deionized water with a temperature of ≤25℃. After fine grinding, the surface roughness Ra of the bone plate is ≤0.2μm and there are no obvious scratches. The surface quality is inspected by optical microscope.

6. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sandblasting process uses alumina sand particles with a diameter of 50-100μm and a roundness of ≥0.8, a sand particle purity of ≥99%, a sandblasting pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa, a sandblasting distance of 10-15cm, a sandblasting time of 10-30s, and a sandblasting rate of 5-8kg / min. After the treatment, a uniform rough layer is formed on the surface of the bone plate, with a surface roughness Ra of 0.5-1.0μm and a rough layer thickness of 0.01-0.03mm. After the treatment, compressed air is used to blow away the residual sand particles on the surface.

7. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the oxidation treatment step, the oxidation electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 15%-20% and a sulfuric acid purity of AR grade. 0.1%-0.3% citric acid is added to the electrolyte as a corrosion inhibitor. The oxidation voltage is 12-18V, the current density is 2-5A / dm², the oxidation temperature is 20-25℃, and the oxidation time is 20-30min, forming a dense alumina protective film with a thickness of 5-10μm and a Vickers hardness ≥300HV. After oxidation, the film is immediately rinsed with deionized water at 60-70℃ for 3-5min.

8. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the temperature-controlled pressing step, the metal billet undergoes stress-relief annealing. The annealing is carried out in a vacuum annealing furnace with a vacuum degree ≤5×10⁻³Pa, an annealing temperature of 300-400℃, a holding time of 30-60min, a heating rate of 5-10℃ / min, and after holding, the temperature is reduced to below 100℃ at a rate of 3-5℃ / min, and then air-cooled to room temperature. The tensile strength fluctuation range of the billet after annealing is ≤5MPa.

9. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: After sandblasting and before oxidation, a secondary electrolysis step is added. The electrolyte is a 5%-10% dilute nitric acid solution with AR purity. The electrolysis temperature is 25-35℃, the electrolysis voltage is 2-5V, and the electrolysis time is 2-5min. This step is used to remove residual alumina particles from sandblasting and the newly formed oxide film on the surface. After treatment, the surface is rinsed with deionized water until there is no acidic residue. The pH value is confirmed to be 6.5-7.5 by pH test paper.

10. The pet bone plate preparation process combining high-efficiency temperature-controlled molding and multi-step surface treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the oxidation treatment, the bone plate is sealed with a mixed solution containing 10-20 g / L nickel sulfate and 3-5 g / L boric acid. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 4.5-5.5, the sealing temperature is 80-90℃, and the sealing time is 5-10 min. During the sealing process, a magnetic stirrer is used for continuous stirring at a stirring rate of 100-200 r / min. After sealing, the bone plate is placed in a drying oven at 100-120℃ and dried for 15-20 min. The porosity of the protective film after treatment is ≤1%, which improves corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.

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