Pulse fast-charging charger for electric bicycle

Abstract

The invention provides a pulse fast-charging charger for an electric bicycle, which comprises a charger structure and a radiator structure, the radiator structure is arranged in the charger structure, and the charger structure comprises a charger upper cover, a charger circuit board and a charger plastic bottom shell. The charger upper cover and the charger plastic bottom shell form a shell structure of the charger structure, a radiator structure and a charger circuit board are installed in the shell structure, and the charger circuit board comprises a first circuit unit, a second circuit unit, a third circuit unit and a fourth circuit unit. The method has the beneficial effects that a group pulse control mode is used for charging the storage battery, side reaction of electrolyte is inhibited in time, gas precipitation is reduced, and charging heating of the battery is reduced. Large-current charging can be realized, and the charging speed is improved; and the damage to the battery caused by large-current charging can also be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of chargers, pulse control, lead-acid battery charging and discharging, and particularly relates to a pulse fast-charging charger for electric bicycles. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the lead-acid battery fast-charging charger for electric bicycles can quickly supplement part of the power (such as 10-20 minutes of charging can support short-distance riding) in the case of sudden power shortage in daily commuting or temporary travel, avoiding the embarrassment of pushing a cart to walk, and is particularly suitable for scenarios with long commuting distance and insufficient charging facilities. However, the lead-acid battery fast-charging charger for electric bicycles on the market mostly adopts traditional 3-stage charging, which has problems such as battery heating, gas evolution, overcharging, etc., resulting in battery capacity decline, internal resistance increase, even bulging, etc., affecting battery life or scrapping. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a pulse fast-charging charger for electric bicycles to solve at least one of the above problems in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present application is as follows: A pulse fast-charging charger for electric bicycles, comprising a charger structure and a heat sink structure, the heat sink structure is installed inside the charger structure, the charger structure comprises a charger upper cover, a charger circuit board and a charger plastic bottom shell, the charger upper cover and the charger plastic bottom shell constitute the shell structure of the charger structure, the heat sink structure and the charger circuit board are installed inside the shell structure, the charger circuit board comprises a first circuit unit, a second circuit unit, a third circuit unit and a fourth circuit unit; the first circuit unit is connected with the second circuit unit and the third circuit unit respectively, the second circuit unit is connected with the third circuit unit and the fourth circuit unit.

[0005] Further, the first circuit unit comprises voltage regulating resistor RT1, voltage-dependent resistor RV1, fuse F1, rectifier bridge Z1, capacitor C1, resistor R1A, resistor R1, resistor R3, resistor R3A, resistor R3B, resistor R3C, capacitor C06, resistor R2*6, diode D6, diode D5, resistor R11A, resistor R11 and capacitor C8; the first pin and the third pin of the rectifier bridge Z1 are connected to the voltage-dependent resistor RV1 and the voltage regulating resistor RT1 respectively, and the voltage regulating resistor RT1 is connected to the fuse F1; the second pin and the fourth pin of the rectifier bridge Z1 are connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1A, the resistor R1, the resistor R3, the resistor R3A, the resistor R3B and the resistor R3C respectively, and the second pin of the rectifier bridge Z1 is also connected to the capacitor C06 and the resistor R2*6; the capacitor C06 and the resistor R2*6 are connected to the third circuit unit through the diode D6; the resistor R3C is also connected to the capacitor C8 and the diode D5 respectively, and the diode D5 is also connected to the resistor R11A and the resistor R11 respectively.

[0006] Further, the second circuit unit comprises resistor R4A, diode D4, main MOS tube Q1, resistor R4, resistor R04, resistor R9, resistor R09, capacitor C12, resistor R6, chip IC1, capacitor C10, resistor R8B, resistor RT3, capacitor C11, capacitor C9, chip IC2, resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor RV1, resistor RV2, resistor RV3, capacitor CVA1, resistor RVA6, resistor RLA6, capacitor CLA1, resistor RLA1, resistor RL1, resistor RL5, capacitor CL1, wiring board 1 and capacitor C45; the sixth pin of the chip IC1 is connected to the resistor R4A and the resistor R4 respectively, the resistor R4A is connected to the resistor R04 and the main MOS tube Q1 through the diode D4, the third pin of the chip IC1 is connected to the resistor R09, the resistor R9 and the capacitor C12 respectively, the resistor R09 is connected to the main MOS tube Q1 through the resistor R6, the main MOS tube Q1 is also connected to the third circuit unit, the fourth pin of the chip IC1 is connected to the resistor R8B and the capacitor C11 respectively, the resistor R8B is connected to the resistor RT3, the eighth pin of the chip IC1 is connected to the capacitor C10, the first pin of the chip IC1 is connected to the capacitor C9 and the chip IC2 respectively, the chip IC2 is also connected to the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 respectively, the resistor R14 is connected to the capacitor CVA1, the resistor RLA6 and the eleventh pin of the wiring board 1 respectively, the resistor RVA6 is connected to the capacitor CVA1, the resistor RLA6 is connected to the capacitor CLA1, the tenth pin of the wiring board 1 is connected to the capacitor CVA1, the resistor RV1, the resistor RV2 and the resistor RV3 respectively, the resistor RV1 and the resistor RV2 are connected to the third circuit unit and the fourth circuit unit respectively, the twelfth pin of the wiring board 1 is connected to the capacitor CLA1 and the resistor RLA1 respectively, the resistor RLA1 is also connected to the resistor RL1, the thirteenth pin of the wiring board 1 is connected to the resistor RL5, the resistor RL5 is also connected to the capacitor CL1, the fifth pin and the sixth pin of the wiring board 1 are both connected to the capacitor C45.

[0007] Further, the third circuit unit comprises transformer T1, capacitor C14, diode D19, resistor R5*6, capacitor C7, resistor R23, resistor RJ*8, triode QP1, capacitor C20, resistor RQ2, resistor RQ3, diode IC3, resistor RQ1, resistor RP2, resistor RP4, resistor RP1, resistor RP3, capacitor C28 and diode D18; the sixth pin and the seventh pin of the transformer T1 are respectively connected with capacitor C14, diode D19 and resistor R5*6, capacitor C14 is further respectively connected with resistor R23 and resistor RJ*8, resistor R5*6 is further connected with capacitor C7, the tenth pin of transformer T1 is respectively connected with capacitor C28, resistor RP1, resistor RP2, one pin of triode QP1 through diode D18, resistor RP1 and resistor RP2 are respectively connected with resistor RP3 and resistor RP4, resistor RP3 and resistor RP4 are both connected with the fourth circuit unit, resistor RV1 and resistor RV2, the second pin of triode QP1 is further connected with diode IC3 and resistor RQ1, the third pin of triode QP1 is respectively connected with resistor RQ2 and capacitor C20, and resistor RQ2 is further connected with resistor RQ3.

[0008] Further, the fourth circuit unit comprises capacitor CRC2, resistor RC2, resistor RC1, diode QF1, triode QF2, resistor RQF4, resistor RQF3, resistor RQF2, resistor RQF1, capacitor C16, resistor RH1, resistor RH2, resistor RH3, resistor RH5 and capacitor CH1; the third pin of triode QF2 is respectively connected with resistor RQF1, resistor RQF3, capacitor C16, resistor RP3 and resistor RP34, one pin of triode QF2 is respectively connected with resistor RH1 and resistor RH2, resistor RH1 and resistor RH2 are both connected with capacitor CH1, resistor RH3 and resistor RH5, the second pin of triode QF2 is respectively connected with resistor RQF1, resistor RQF2, resistor RQF3 and resistor RQF4, resistor RQF4 is respectively connected with capacitor CRC2 and resistor RC2 through diode QF1, and resistor RC2 is connected with resistor RC1.

[0009] Further, the heat sink structure comprises a heat sink, a heat dissipation fan, a main MOS heat dissipation structure and a plastic tray, the plastic tray is installed above the inside of the plastic bottom shell of the charger, the heat sink is installed above the plastic tray, the heat dissipation fan is installed on one side of the heat sink, the heat dissipation fan is located in the plastic bottom shell of the charger, the transformer is installed on the left bottom of the heat sink, the charger circuit board is installed on the bottom of the heat sink, the main MOS heat dissipation structure is installed on the right bottom of the heat sink, and the main MOS tube is installed on one side of the main MOS heat dissipation structure.

[0010] Further, the charging process of the charger structure is as follows: A1, normal charging stage; A11, constant current stage: A111, first, activation pulse and group pulse: 5.0A / 2.0A alternately, duty ratio 2670:330ms, 10 pulses as a group; 5.0A / 3.5A alternately, duty ratio 2670:330ms, every 10 pulses as a group; two pulse groups pulse alternately charge, constitute group pulse charge, time limit 30 minutes; A112, pulse stop, pre-charge with 5A constant current, time limit 40 minutes voltage> 56V, enter uniform charge, charge with 2A current; A12, constant voltage stage; When the voltage is higher than 59V, turn to constant voltage charging, when the charging current is <1A, increase the maintenance pulse, the voltage amplitude 55V / 59V alternately, single pulse duty ratio 2670:330ms, short timing 2h; A13, floating charge stage; When the current is <0.6A, turn on the light, turn to floating charge, the floating charge starting voltage is 55V, enhanced pulse is used, the voltage amplitude 55V / 62.4V alternately, single pulse duty ratio 1.5s:10s, floating charge timing 2h; A2, repair charging stage; According to the current voltage of the battery, it is determined whether to enter the repair stage charging and which mode of the repair stage charging is enabled; Mode one: when the starting voltage V of the battery is ≤30V, strong wake-up pulse is used; Mode two: when 30V≤V≤48V, large constant current, activation pulse and pulse group pulse charging are used; the forced time limit time is pending, and then large current pre-charge is entered; Mode three: when 48V≤V≤52V, large constant current, activation pulse and pulse group pulse charging are used; the forced time limit time is pending, and then large current pre-charge is entered; Mode four: when 52V≤V≤56V, large constant current, activation pulse and pulse group pulse charging are used; the forced time limit time is pending, and then large current pre-charge is entered; Mode five: when 56V≤V, directly enter large current pre-charge, and the time limit time is pending; After the above stages enter pre-charge, the charging process enters the constant voltage stage, when the current value decreases to about 0.1C, the maintenance pulse is started, the time limit time is pending, and the light is turned on until the light is turned off; The charger enters the floating charge stage after turning green, enhanced pulse is added, the proportion is small, the leakage current is supplemented, and the battery is fully charged.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the pulse fast charger for the electric bicycle has the following advantages: The electric bicycle pulse fast charger uses group pulse control to charge the battery, timely inhibits the side reaction of electrolyte, reduces the gas evolution, and reduces the battery charging heat. The large current charging can be realized, and the charging speed is improved. The harm of the large current charging to the battery can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] The drawings constituting a part of this application serve to provide a further understanding of the application, and the illustrative embodiments of the application and their description serve to explain the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the application. In the drawings: Figure 1 The charger structure circuit schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the application; Figure 2 The radiator structure partial schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the application; Figure 3 The radiator and main MOS heat dissipation structure schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the application; Figure 4 The radiator structure cross-sectional schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the application; Figure 5 The charging group pulse schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the application.

[0013] Explanation of reference signs: 1, radiator; 2, radiator fan; 3, charger plastic bottom shell; 4, main MOS heat dissipation structure; 5, main MOS tube; 6, charger circuit board; 7, transformer; 8, plastic tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0015] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0016] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection, it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0017] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0018] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a pulse fast charging charger for electric bicycle, comprising a charger structure and a radiator structure, the radiator structure is installed inside the charger structure, the charger structure comprises a charger upper cover, a charger circuit board 6 and a charger plastic bottom shell 3, the charger upper cover and the charger plastic bottom shell 3 constitute the shell structure of the charger structure, the shell structure is internally installed with the radiator structure and the charger circuit board 6, the charger circuit board 6 comprises a first circuit unit, a second circuit unit, a third circuit unit and a fourth circuit unit; the first circuit unit is connected with the second circuit unit and the third circuit unit respectively, the second circuit unit is connected with the third circuit unit and the fourth circuit unit.

[0019] The present application provides an improved scheme of a fast charging charger for electric bicycle lead-acid battery, which effectively reduces the problems of heat generation and gas evolution of lead-acid battery during high-current charging process, improves the charging efficiency, prolongs the service life of lead-acid battery, and to a certain extent, repairs and charges the lead-acid battery. Compared with similar products, it increases the selling points, improves the user experience, reduces the market complaint rate and the repair rate.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first circuit unit comprises voltage regulating resistor RT1, voltage-dependent resistor RV1, fuse F1, rectifier bridge Z1, capacitor C1, resistor R1A, resistor R1, resistor R3, resistor R3A, resistor R3B, resistor R3C, capacitor C06, resistor R2*6, diode D6, diode D5, resistor R11A, resistor R11 and capacitor C8; the first pin and the third pin of the rectifier bridge Z1 are connected to the voltage-dependent resistor RV1 and the voltage regulating resistor RT1 respectively, and the voltage regulating resistor RT1 is connected to the fuse F1; the second pin and the fourth pin of the rectifier bridge Z1 are connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1A, the resistor R1, the resistor R3, the resistor R3A, the resistor R3B and the resistor R3C respectively, and the second pin of the rectifier bridge Z1 is also connected to the capacitor C06 and the resistor R2*6; the capacitor C06 and the resistor R2*6 are connected to the third circuit unit through the diode D6; the resistor R3C is also connected to the capacitor C8 and the diode D5 respectively, and the diode D5 is also connected to the resistor R11A and the resistor R11 respectively.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the second circuit unit comprises resistor R4A, diode D4, main MOS Q1, resistor R4, resistor R04, resistor R9, resistor R09, capacitor C12, resistor R6, chip IC1, capacitor C10, resistor R8B, resistor RT3, capacitor C11, capacitor C9, chip IC2, resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor RV1, resistor RV2, resistor RV3, capacitor CVA1, resistor RVA6, resistor RLA6, capacitor CLA1, resistor RLA1, resistor RL1, resistor RL5, capacitor CL1, terminal board 1 and capacitor C45; the No. 6 pin of the chip IC1 is connected to resistor R4A and resistor R4 respectively, resistor R4A is connected to resistor R04 and main MOS Q1 respectively through diode D4, the No. 3 pin of the chip IC1 is connected to resistor R09, resistor R9 and capacitor C12 respectively, resistor R09 is further connected to main MOS Q1 through resistor R6, main MOS Q1 is further connected to the third circuit unit, the No. 4 pin of the chip IC1 is connected to resistor R8B and capacitor C11 respectively, resistor R8B is connected to resistor RT3, the No. 8 pin of the chip IC1 is connected to capacitor C10, the No. 1 pin of the chip IC1 is connected to capacitor C9 and chip IC2 respectively, chip IC2 is further connected to resistor R13 and resistor R14 respectively, resistor R14 is connected to resistor RVA6, resistor RLA6 and the No. 11 pin of terminal board 1 respectively, resistor RVA6 is connected to capacitor CVA1, resistor RLA6 is connected to capacitor CLA1, the No. 10 pin of terminal board 1 is connected to capacitor CVA1, resistor RV1, resistor RV2 and resistor RV3 respectively, resistor RV1 and resistor RV2 are connected to the third circuit unit and the fourth circuit unit respectively, the No. 12 pin of terminal board 1 is connected to capacitor CLA1 and resistor RLA1 respectively, resistor RLA1 is further connected to resistor RL1, the No. 13 pin of terminal board 1 is connected to resistor RL5, resistor RL5 is further connected to capacitor CL1, the No. 5 pin and the No. 6 pin of terminal board 1 are both connected to capacitor C45.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the third circuit unit comprises transformer T1, capacitor C14, diode D19, resistor R5*6, capacitor C7, resistor R23, resistor RJ*8, triode QP1, capacitor C20, resistor RQ2, resistor RQ3, diode IC3, resistor RQ1, resistor RP2, resistor RP4, resistor RP1, resistor RP3, capacitor C28 and diode D18; the sixth pin and the seventh pin of the transformer T1 are respectively connected to capacitor C14 and diode D19, resistor R5*6, capacitor C14 is also respectively connected to resistor R23 and resistor RJ*8, resistor R5*6 is further connected to capacitor C7, the tenth pin of the transformer T1 is respectively connected to capacitor C28, resistor RP1, resistor RP2, one pin of triode QP1 through diode D18, resistor RP1 and resistor RP2 are respectively connected to resistor RP3 and resistor RP4, resistor RP3 and resistor RP4 are both connected to the fourth circuit unit, resistor RV1 and resistor RV2, the second pin of triode QP1 is further connected to diode IC3 and resistor RQ1, the third pin of triode QP1 is respectively connected to resistor RQ2 and capacitor C20, and resistor RQ2 is further connected to resistor RQ3.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the fourth circuit unit comprises capacitor CRC2, resistor RC2, resistor RC1, diode QF1, triode QF2, resistor RQF4, resistor RQF3, resistor RQF2, resistor RQF1, capacitor C16, resistor RH1, resistor RH2, resistor RH3, resistor RH5 and capacitor CH1; the three pins of triode QF2 are respectively connected to resistor RQF1, resistor RQF3, capacitor C16, resistor RP3 and resistor RP34, one pin of triode QF2 is respectively connected to resistor RH1 and resistor RH2, resistor RH1 and resistor RH2 are both connected to capacitor CH1, resistor RH3 and resistor RH5, the second pin of triode QF2 is respectively connected to resistor RQF1, resistor RQF2, resistor RQF3 and resistor RQF4, resistor RQF4 is respectively connected to capacitor CRC2 and resistor RC2 through diode QF1, and resistor RC2 is connected to resistor RC1.

[0024] The single-end counter-attack type is adopted in the electrical structure, and the opening and closing of the PWM control main MOS are matched to realize the control of the pulse current / voltage in each charging stage.

[0025] The present application provides a kind of lead-acid battery fast charging scheme, improve the shortcomings of existing charger on market, can give consideration to charging speed, battery life etc., improve user experience.To achieve the above effect, the present application uses group pulse control mode to charge battery, timely inhibits the side reaction of electrolyte, reduces the evolution of gas, reduces battery charging heat.Can realize large current charging, improve charging speed;Also can solve the harm of large current charging to battery.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the heat sink structure comprises a heat sink 1, a heat dissipation fan 2, a main MOS heat dissipation structure 4 and a plastic tray 8, the plastic tray 8 is installed on the inside top of the charger plastic bottom shell 3, the heat sink 1 is installed on the top of the plastic tray 8, the heat dissipation fan 2 is installed on one side of the heat sink 1 and located in the charger plastic bottom shell 3, the transformer 7 (i.e. T1 in Figure 1 ) is installed on the left bottom of the heat sink 1, the charger circuit board 6 is installed on the bottom of the heat sink 1, and the main MOS heat dissipation structure 4 is installed on the right bottom of the heat sink 1, and the main MOS tube 5 (i.e. Q1 in Figure 1 ) is installed on one side of the main MOS heat dissipation structure 4.

[0027] In order to improve the overall efficiency of the charger, unlike the traditional charger structure, an internal heat sink is added: the heat sink forms a square air duct for the circuit board and electronic components of the charger as a whole, the heat generated by the electronic components can be quickly extracted by the fan through the air duct, and the external low-temperature air flows to the electronic components through the concentrated flow, thereby improving the speed of heat dissipation.

[0028] At the same time, the heat sink increases the heat dissipation rib to increase the heat dissipation surface area by 1.5 times, improve the heat exchange area with the air, and further improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0029] Working process of the pulse fast charging charger for electric bicycles: In the initial charging stage, the remaining capacity of the battery is small, the internal resistance is small, the secondary reaction of the storage battery is not obvious, and the storage battery can be charged with a large current, which is the pre-charging period.

[0030] When the voltage of the storage battery rises to 14.5V, the secondary reaction of the storage battery electrolytic water begins to show at this time. At this time, the current type group pulse charging (see Figure 5 ) is converted, and appropriate setting of pulse amplitude and pulse width can well eliminate the secondary reaction and reduce the energy loss of the battery due to heating.

[0031] The first two stages are the fast charging stage, which is also the main improvement of the present application. After the fast charging stage is over, in order to ensure that the battery is charged to 100%, the constant voltage charging is still needed for the battery, which is the voltage type group pulse charging to supplement the capacity of the battery.

[0032] When the constant voltage charging current is small to a certain threshold, the floating charging stage is entered, the charger sets the floating charging current threshold to 80mA, and the voltage type enhanced pulse is used to continuously charge the battery to ensure that the battery is in a full charge state.

[0033] Specific charging process of the pulse fast charging charger for electric bicycles: 1. Normal charging stage 1) Constant current stage: 1.1 First activation pulse + group pulse (current type pulse): 5.0A / 2.0A alternately, duty ratio 2670:330ms, 10 pulses as a group (pulse group 1); 5.0A / 3.5A alternately, duty ratio 2670:330ms, every 10 pulses as a group (pulse group 2); pulse group 1 and 2 pulse alternately charges, which constitutes group pulse charging, time limit 30 minutes.

[0034] 1.2 Pulse stop, pre-charge with 5A constant current, time limit 40 minutes ③ voltage > 56V, enter equalization charging, charge with 2A current.

[0035] 2) Constant voltage stage When the voltage is higher than 59V, convert to constant voltage charging, when the charging current <1A, increase the maintenance pulse (voltage type pulse), voltage amplitude 55V / 59V alternately, single pulse duty ratio 2670:330ms, short timing 2h.

[0036] 3) Float charging stage When the current <0.6A, turn on the light, convert to float charging, float charging starting voltage 55V, use enhanced pulse (voltage type pulse), voltage amplitude 55V / 62.4V alternately, single pulse duty ratio 1.5s:10s, float charging timing 2h.

[0037] 2, repair charging stage According to the current voltage of the battery, determine whether to enter the repair stage charging and which mode of the repair stage to charge; Mode one: when the starting voltage (V below) of the battery V≤30V, use strong wake-up pulse (theoretically instantaneous current is ∞), that is, use big impact to wake up the "starved" battery. Time limit.

[0038] Mode two: when 30V≤V≤48V, use "wolf pack" pulse charging of large constant current + activation pulse + pulse group. It is very useful for restoring electrolyte activity and removing plate sulfuration of the battery. Forced time limit time 1 pending. Then enter large current pre-charge.

[0039] Mode three: when 48V≤V≤52V, use "wolf pack" pulse charging of large constant current + activation pulse + pulse group. It is very useful for restoring electrolyte activity and removing plate sulfuration of the battery. Forced time limit time 2 pending. Then enter large current pre-charge.

[0040] Mode four: when 52V≤V≤56V, use "wolf pack" pulse charging of large constant current + activation pulse + pulse group. It is very useful for restoring electrolyte activity and removing plate sulfuration of the battery. Forced time limit time 3 pending. Then enter large current pre-charge.

[0041] Mode five: when 56V≤V, directly enter the large current pre-charge, time limit 4 pending.

[0042] After the above stage enters the pre-charge, the charging process will soon enter the constant voltage stage, when the current value drops to about 0.1C, start the maintenance pulse, time limit pending, until the light turns on. This stage is intended for battery plate maintenance, care for the battery, and reduce water loss.

[0043] After the charger turns green, enter the floating charge stage, add enhanced pulses, small proportion, supplement the leakage current, and let the battery be fully charged.

[0044] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulse fast charger for electric bicycles, characterized in that: The charger includes a charger structure and a heat sink structure. The heat sink structure is installed inside the charger structure. The charger structure includes a charger top cover, a charger circuit board (6), and a charger plastic bottom shell (3). The charger top cover and the charger plastic bottom shell (3) form the shell structure of the charger structure. The heat sink structure and the charger circuit board (6) are installed inside the shell structure. The charger circuit board (6) includes a first circuit unit, a second circuit unit, a third circuit unit, and a fourth circuit unit. The first circuit unit is connected to the second circuit unit and the third circuit unit, respectively. The second circuit unit is connected to the third circuit unit and the fourth circuit unit.

2. The pulse fast charger for electric bicycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first circuit unit includes a voltage-regulating resistor RT1, a varistor RV1, a fuse F1, a rectifier bridge Z1, a capacitor C1, resistors R1A, R1, R3, R3A, R3B, and R3C, a capacitor C06, resistors R2*6, a diode D6, a diode D5, a resistor R11A, a resistor R11, and a capacitor C8; pins one and three of the rectifier bridge Z1 are respectively connected to the varistor RV1 and the voltage-regulating resistor RT1. RT1 is connected to fuse F1; pins 2 and 4 of rectifier bridge Z1 are connected to capacitor C1, resistor R1A, resistor R1, resistor R3, resistor R3A, resistor R3B, and resistor R3C respectively. Pin 2 of rectifier bridge Z1 is also connected to capacitor C06 and resistor R2*6. Capacitor C06 and resistor R2*6 are connected to the third circuit unit through diode D6. Resistor R3C is also connected to capacitor C8 and diode D5 respectively. Diode D5 is also connected to resistor R11A and resistor R11 respectively.

3. The pulse fast charger for electric bicycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second circuit unit includes resistor R4A, diode D4, main MOSFET Q1, resistors R4, R04, R9, R09, capacitor C12, resistor R6, chip IC1, capacitor C10, resistor R8B, resistor RT3, capacitor C11, capacitor C9, chip IC2, resistors R13, R14, RV1, RV2, RV3, capacitor CVA1, RVA6, RLA6, capacitor CLA1, RLA1, RL1, RL5, capacitor CL1, terminal block 1, and capacitor C45. Pin 6 of chip IC1 is connected to resistors R4A and R4. Resistor R4A is connected to resistor R04 and main MOSFET Q1 via diode D4. Pin 3 of chip IC1 is connected to resistors R09, R9, and capacitor C12. Resistor R09 is also connected to main MOSFET Q1 via resistor R6. Main MOSFET Q1 is also connected to the third... In the circuit unit, pin 4 of chip IC1 is connected to resistor R8B and capacitor C11 respectively. Resistor R8B is connected to resistor RT3. Pin 8 of chip IC1 is connected to capacitor C10. Pin 1 of chip IC1 is connected to capacitor C9 and chip IC2 respectively. Chip IC2 is also connected to resistors R13 and R14 respectively. Resistor R14 is connected to resistors RVA6 and RLA6 respectively. Pin 11 of terminal board 1 is connected to capacitor CVA1 and capacitor CLA1 respectively. Pin 10 of terminal board 1 is connected to capacitor CVA1, resistor RV1, resistor RV2, and resistor RV3 respectively. Resistors RV1 and RV2 are connected to the third and fourth circuit units respectively. Pin 12 of terminal board 1 is connected to capacitor CLA1 and resistor RLA1 respectively. Resistor RLA1 is also connected to resistor RL1. Pin 13 of terminal board 1 is connected to resistor RL5. Resistor RL5 is also connected to capacitor CL1. Pins 5 and 6 of terminal board 1 are both connected to capacitor C45.

4. A pulse fast charger for electric bicycles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third circuit unit includes a transformer T1, a capacitor C14, a diode D19, resistors R5*6, a capacitor C7, a resistor R23, a resistor RJ*8, a transistor QP1, a capacitor C20, a resistor RQ2, a resistor RQ3, a diode IC3, a resistor RQ1, a resistor RP2, a resistor RP4, a resistor RP1, a resistor RP3, a capacitor C28, and a diode D18. The sixth and seventh pins of the transformer T1 are connected to capacitor C14, diode D19, and resistor R5*6, respectively. Capacitor C14 is also connected to resistor R23 and resistor RJ*8. Resistor R5*6 is also connected to capacitor C7. The tenth pin of transformer T1 is connected to capacitor C28, resistor RP1, resistor RP2, resistor RQ1, and one pin of transistor QP1 via diode D18. Resistors RP1 and RP2 are connected to resistors RP3 and RP4 respectively. Resistors RP3 and RP4 are both connected to the fourth circuit unit, resistor RV1, and resistor RV2. The second pin of transistor QP1 is also connected to diode IC3 and resistor RQ1. The three pins of transistor QP1 are connected to resistor RQ2 and capacitor C20 respectively. Resistor RQ2 is also connected to resistor RQ3.

5. A pulse fast charger for electric bicycles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fourth circuit unit includes capacitor CRC2, resistor RC2, resistor RC1, diode QF1, transistor QF2, resistor RQF4, resistor RQF3, resistor RQF2, resistor RQF1, capacitor C16, resistor RH1, resistor RH2, resistor RH3, resistor RH5, and capacitor CH1. The three pins of transistor QF2 are connected to resistors RQF1, RQF3, capacitor C16, resistor RP3, and resistor RP34, respectively. One pin of transistor QF2 is connected to resistors RH1 and RH2, respectively. Resistors RH1 and RH2 are both connected to capacitors CH1, RH3, and RH5, respectively. The two pins of transistor QF2 are connected to resistors RQF1, RQF2, RQF3, and RQF4, respectively. Resistor RQF4 is connected to capacitor CRC2 and resistor RC2 through diode QF1, and resistor RC2 is connected to resistor RC1.

6. A pulse fast charger for electric bicycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat sink structure includes a heat sink (1), a cooling fan (2), a heat dissipation structure (4) at the main MOS, and a plastic tray (8). The plastic tray (8) is installed inside the upper part of the plastic bottom shell (3) of the charger. The heat sink (1) is installed above the plastic tray (8). The cooling fan (2) is installed on one side of the heat sink (1). The cooling fan (2) is located inside the plastic bottom shell (3) of the charger. The transformer (7) is installed on the left side of the bottom of the heat sink (1). The charger circuit board (6) is installed at the bottom of the heat sink (1). The heat dissipation structure (4) at the main MOS is installed on the right side of the bottom of the heat sink (1). The main MOS transistor (5) is installed on one side of the heat dissipation structure (4) at the main MOS.

7. A pulse fast charger for electric bicycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging process of the charger structure: A1. Normal charging stage; A11. Constant Current Stage: A111. First, perform activation pulse and group pulse: 5.0A / 2.0A alternately, duty cycle 2670:330ms, 10 pulses as 1 group; The voltage alternates between 5.0A and 3.5A, with a duty cycle of 2670:330ms. Each group consists of 10 pulses. Two groups of pulses alternate to form a group pulse charge, which lasts for 30 minutes. A112, pulse stops, pre-charge with 5A constant current, voltage > 56V within 40 minutes, enter equalization charge, charge with 2A current; A12, Constant pressure stage; When the voltage is higher than 59V, switch to constant voltage charging. When the charging current is less than 1A, add a maintenance pulse. The voltage amplitude alternates between 55V and 59V. The duty cycle of a single pulse is 2670:330ms, and the short timing is 2h. A13, Float charging stage; When the current is <0.6A, the indicator light turns on, and the system switches to float charging. The float charging starting voltage is 55V, using enhanced pulses with alternating voltage amplitudes of 55V / 62.4V. The duty cycle of a single pulse is 1.5s:10s, and the float charging time is 2 hours. A2, Repair and charging phase; Based on the battery's current voltage, determine whether to enter the repair phase charging and which charging mode to use during the repair phase. Mode 1: When the battery initial voltage V≤30V, a strong wake-up pulse is used; Mode 2: When 30V≤V≤48V, pulse charging with high constant current, activation pulse and pulse group is used; the forced time limit is to be determined, and then high current pre-charging is entered; Mode 3: When 48V≤V≤52V, pulse charging with high constant current, activation pulse and pulse group is used; the forced time limit is to be determined; then high current pre-charging is entered. Mode 4: When 52V≤V≤56V, pulse charging with high constant current, activation pulse and pulse group is used; the forced time limit is to be determined; then high current pre-charging is entered. Mode 5: When 56V≤V, directly enter high-current pre-charge, the time limit is to be determined; After the above stages, the charging process enters the constant voltage stage. When the current value drops to about 0.1C, the maintenance pulse is activated. The time limit is to be determined until the indicator light turns on. After the charger indicator turns green, it enters the float charging stage, where an enhanced pulse is applied with a smaller ratio to compensate for leakage current and fully charge the battery.

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