Rapid dispersing type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete admixtures, and particularly discloses a rapid dispersing type polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a preparation method thereof.The rapid dispersing type polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared from, by mass, 200-300 parts of polyether monomer, 1.5-3.5 parts of oxidizing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of reducing agent, 1.2-3 parts of chain transfer agent, 25-33 parts of unsaturated acid, 10-20 parts of self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside, 5-10 parts of aconitic acid and 250-300 parts of tap water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving, preparing a solution A, preparing a solution B and synthesizing to prepare the quick dispersing type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. By introducing alkyl glycoside, wetting of cement particles is promoted, water-cement interfacial tension is rapidly reduced, meanwhile, cement particle aggregation is hindered through stereoisomerization of alkyl glycoside, the effect of rapid dispersion of cement particles is achieved, and modified alkyl glycoside provides adsorption points and electrostatic repulsion of cement particles to hinder cement particle aggregation, so that the cement particles are dispersed rapidly. The cement particles can be quickly dispersed in a low-temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete admixtures, specifically to a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Polycarboxylate superplasticizers have become an indispensable key material in modern high-performance concrete due to their advantages such as high water reduction rate, low dosage, and environmental friendliness. However, in practical applications, it has been found that the long molecular chains of polycarboxylate superplasticizers cause them to curl in cement solutions. The adsorption groups are partially coated, preventing them from quickly exerting their adsorption capacity. This results in a slower dispersion rate of polycarboxylate superplasticizers at low temperatures, leading to low concrete production efficiency and a subsequent increase in fluidity, thus affecting the quality of concrete projects. To enhance the dispersion speed of polycarboxylate superplasticizers at low temperatures, patent application number "CN202311608267.4" discloses a rapidly dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method. This method achieves rapid dispersion by grafting acetyl-terminated polyether macromonomers onto the superplasticizer molecular chain. However, the preparation method of this functional monomer requires high-pressure reaction, which is not conducive to production using conventional equipment. Patent application number "CN202410965153.3" discloses a highly dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer. This method effectively inhibits the direct collision and physical aggregation of cement particles by using self-made epoxy-terminated hyperbranched poly(amine-ester) modified graphene oxide, thereby inhibiting and delaying the cement hydration process and improving the dispersibility and dispersion retention of the cement-water system. The modified graphene suffers from long ultrasonic dispersion time and low dispersion efficiency, hindering large-scale production. Patent application number CN202011139816.4 discloses a highly adsorbent and dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, which utilizes modified polyether macromonomers, esterified monomers, alkoxysilane monomers, unsaturated acids, graphene oxide, initiators, chain transfer agents, and neutralizing agents. The highly adsorbent and dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer provided by this invention exhibits excellent adsorption and dispersion performance, enabling the formation of a stable adsorption layer on the surface of cement particles in cement paste. Furthermore, it continuously releases carboxyl and silanol groups during cement hydration, resulting in the strongest adsorption capacity on cement particles. However, research on the adsorption rate at low temperatures is lacking.

[0003] Essentially, polycarboxylate superplasticizers are water-soluble comb-shaped polymers composed of a main chain rich in carboxylic acid groups and polyoxyalkylene ether (polyether) side chains. The carboxylic acid groups on the polycarboxylate main chain can be directionally adsorbed onto the surface of positively charged cement or cement hydrates, while the polyether side chains extend in solution to form a hydration layer, providing steric repulsion to prevent cement agglomeration. Therefore, it imparts good fluidity to cement paste. Thus, developing a molecular structure design that can rapidly adsorb cement particles under low-temperature conditions and improve the dispersion performance of cement particles is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, so as to solve the problem that the existing polycarboxylate superplasticizers have a slow dispersion speed in low-temperature environments, which affects the quality of concrete projects.

[0005] To address the above issues, the following technical solution is provided: A fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 200-300 parts polyether monomer, 1.5-3.5 parts oxidant, 0.2-0.5 parts reducing agent, 1.2-3 parts chain transfer agent, 25-33 parts unsaturated acid, 10-20 parts self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside, 5-10 parts aconitine, and 250-300 parts tap water.

[0006] Furthermore, the polyether monomer includes one or more of methyl allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether, and ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether.

[0007] Furthermore, the oxidant includes one or more of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate.

[0008] Furthermore, the reducing agent includes one or more of L-ascorbic acid, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and the novel reducing agent E51.

[0009] Furthermore, the chain transfer agent includes one or more of sodium hypophosphite, mercaptoacetic acid, and mercaptoethanol.

[0010] Furthermore, the unsaturated acid includes one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic anhydride.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation method of the self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of alkyl glycosides: Oleyl alcohol and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid were added to a three-necked flask equipped with stirring and reflux. When the temperature of the premix reached 80℃-100℃, powdered maltose was added in three equal portions. The molar ratio of oleyl alcohol to maltose was 4-6:1, and the molar fraction of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid catalyst relative to maltose was 3%-4%. The reaction was monitored with Fehling's reagent until the reaction endpoint. The temperature was lowered to 60℃, and the pH of the mixed product solution was adjusted to 7-8 using 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution. The alkyl glycosides were obtained by vacuum filtration. S2: Preparation of modified alkyl glycosides: Weigh 50g of the prepared alkyl glycoside and add 1000mL of 2-propanol to a flask. Sonicate for 30 min to disperse it evenly. Place the flask in a water bath with a magnetic stirrer and connect a condenser. Set the temperature to 65℃ and stir at 600 r·min⁻¹. Simultaneously, add 48g of sodium hydroxide dropwise to alkalize it for 2h. Then raise the temperature to 70℃ and add sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate solution dropwise at a uniform rate for 2h. React at room temperature for 6h. The solution in the flask gradually changes from turbid to clear. After centrifugation, the lower yellow liquid is the modified alkyl glycoside.

[0012] A method for preparing a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer includes the following steps: S1: Dissolution: Add the polyether monomer to the bottom of the reactor and add water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing unsaturated acid, aconitic acid, self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside and water, and denote it as Solution A; S3: Preparation of Solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing the reducing agent, chain transfer agent and water, and denote it as Solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add oxidant to the reactor in step S1, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and start adding liquids A and B dropwise. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 1 hour to prepare a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: 1. By introducing alkyl glycosides into polycarboxylate superplasticizer, the wetting of cement particles is promoted. Alkyl glycosides rapidly reduce the water-cement interfacial tension. At the same time, the stereoisomerism of alkyl glycosides inhibits the agglomeration of cement particles, thereby achieving the effect of rapid dispersion of cement particles. 2. The modified alkyl glycosides contain sulfonic acid groups and aconitine, and the high charge density anionic groups of multiple carboxyl groups provide adsorption sites for cement particles and also provide electrostatic repulsion to prevent cement particles from agglomerating, so that cement particles can be quickly dispersed in low-temperature environments. 3. Using this fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer solves the problem of slow dispersion speed in low-temperature environments. It can save concrete mixing time and energy, improve production efficiency, and also solve the problem of slow dispersion and unreasonable dosage caused by the use of conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizers, which leads to the phenomenon of excessive bleeding in the later stage and affects the quality of concrete projects. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The preparation method of self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycosides includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of alkyl glycosides: Oleyl alcohol and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid were added to a three-necked flask equipped with stirring and reflux. When the temperature of the premix reached 80℃-100℃, powdered maltose was added in three equal portions. The molar ratio of oleyl alcohol to maltose was 4-6:1, and the molar fraction of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid catalyst relative to maltose was 3%-4%. The reaction was monitored with Fehling's reagent until the reaction endpoint. The temperature was lowered to 60℃, and the pH of the mixed product solution was adjusted to 7-8 using 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution. The alkyl glycosides were obtained by vacuum filtration. S2: Preparation of modified alkyl glycosides: Weigh 50g of the prepared alkyl glycoside and add 1000mL of 2-propanol to a flask. Sonicate for 30 min to disperse it evenly. Place the flask in a water bath with a magnetic stirrer and connect a condenser. Set the temperature to 65℃ and stir at 600 r·min⁻¹. Simultaneously, add 48g of sodium hydroxide dropwise to alkalize it for 2h. Then raise the temperature to 70℃ and add sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate solution dropwise at a uniform rate for 2h. React at room temperature for 6h. The sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate solution is prepared by dissolving 238.2g of 1.2mol of sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate solid in 1000mL of water. The solution in the flask gradually changes from turbid to clear. After centrifugation, the lower yellow liquid is the modified alkyl glycoside.

[0016] The following examples and comparative examples all use self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycosides prepared in the above manner.

[0017] Example 1 A method for preparing a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer includes the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of tap water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 25g acrylic acid, 5g aconitic acid, 10g self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside and 20g tap water, and denot it as Solution A; S3: Preparation of Solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.3g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of tap water, and denote it as Solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 1.5g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reactor, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding liquids A and B dropwise. The dropwise addition time of liquid A is 1h, and the dropwise addition time of liquid B is 1.5h. After the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm for 1h to obtain a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0018] Example 2 A method for preparing a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer includes the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 30g acrylic acid, 5g aconitic acid, 10g self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside and 25g water, and denot it as Solution A; S3: Preparation of solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.3g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of water, and denote it as solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 1.8g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reactor, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding liquids A and B dropwise. The dropwise addition time of liquid A is 1h, and the dropwise addition time of liquid B is 1.5h. After the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm for 1h to obtain a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0019] Example 3 A fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 30g acrylic acid, 5g aconitic acid, 15g self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside and 30g water, and denot it as Solution A; S3: Preparation of solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.4g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of water, and denote it as solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 1.8g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reactor, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding liquids A and B dropwise. The dropwise addition time of liquid A is 1h, and the dropwise addition time of liquid B is 1.5h. After the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm for 1h to obtain a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0020] Example 4 A fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 30g acrylic acid, 7g aconitic acid, 20g self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside and 32g water, and denote it as Solution A; S3: Preparation of solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.4g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of water, and denote it as solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 1.8g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reactor, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding liquids A and B dropwise. The dropwise addition time of liquid A is 1h, and the dropwise addition time of liquid B is 1.5h. After the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm for 1h to obtain a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0021] Example 5 A fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 33g acrylic acid, 7g aconitic acid, 20g self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside and 35g water, and denot it as Solution A; S3: Preparation of solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.4g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of water, and denote it as solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 2g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reaction vessel, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding liquids A and B dropwise. The dropwise addition time of liquid A is 1h, and the dropwise addition time of liquid B is 1.5h. After the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm for 1h to obtain a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0022] Comparative Example 1 A conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Mix 25g of acrylic acid and 10g of water to form a homogeneous solution, denoted as Solution A; S3: Preparation of solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.4g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of water, and denote it as solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 2g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reaction vessel, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding solutions A and B dropwise. Solution A is added over 1 hour, and solution B is added over 1.5 hours. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 1 hour to obtain a conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0023] Comparative Example 2 A conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 30g of acrylic acid and 18g of water, and denote it as solution A; S3: Preparation of solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.4g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of water, and denote it as solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 2g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reaction vessel, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding solutions A and B dropwise. Solution A is added over 1 hour, and solution B is added over 1.5 hours. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 1 hour to obtain a conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0024] Comparative Example 3 A conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizer and its preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1: Dissolving: Add 300g of the macromonomer ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether to the bottom of the reactor, and add 280g of water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Mix 33g of acrylic acid and 18g of water to form a homogeneous solution, denoted as Solution A; S3: Preparation of solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing 0.4g of reducing agent L-ascorbic acid, 1.2g of mercaptoethanol and 43g of water, and denote it as solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add 2g of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to a reaction vessel, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and then start adding solutions A and B dropwise. Solution A is added over 1 hour, and solution B is added over 1.5 hours. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 1 hour to obtain a conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0025] Performance testing The rapid-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizers of Examples 1-5 were compared with the conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizers prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3 and commercially available samples. The test methods followed GB8076-2025 "Concrete Admixtures" and GB8077-2023 "Test Method for Homogeneity of Concrete Admixtures". The water-cement ratio of the cement paste was controlled at 0.29, and the superplasticizer dosage was 0.15% of the cement weight. The flowability of the cement paste under different material temperatures and mixing times was tested, and the relevant data are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

[0026] Table 1 shows the fluidity of cement paste after slow stirring at the same temperature of 20℃ for 20s, 40s, 60s, 120s, 180s, and 240s, which represents the dispersion speed of the water-reducing agent product.

[0027] Table 1. Characterization of cement paste fluidity of polycarboxylate superplasticizers prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0028] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the cement paste fluidity of Example 4 reached its maximum value at 40s, indicating that the introduction of alkyl glycosides into the polycarboxylate superplasticizer promoted the wetting of cement particles. The modified alkyl glycosides contain sulfonic acid groups and aconitine, and the high charge density anionic groups of multiple carboxyl groups provide adsorption sites for cement particles and also provide electrostatic repulsion to prevent cement particle agglomeration, so that the cement paste can quickly disperse to its maximum value.

[0029] Table 2 compares the flowability of cement paste under experimental conditions of the same paste mixing time (40s) and different initial temperatures, using the sample from Example 4, the strongly adsorbed and rapidly dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepared in Comparative Example 2, and a commercially available sample.

[0030] Table 2. Characterization of cement paste fluidity for Example 4, Comparative Example 2, and commercially available polycarboxylate superplasticizers after a mixing time of 40 s.

[0031] As can be seen from the cement paste fluidity in Table 2, the low-temperature dispersion speed of Example 4 is the fastest. This ensures a fast dispersion speed in low-temperature environments, which can save concrete mixing time and energy, improve production efficiency, and also solve the problem of slow dispersion and unreasonable dosage caused by the use of conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizers, resulting in subsequent reverse growth and bleeding, which affects the quality of concrete projects.

[0032] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics of the solutions is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the scope of this invention, and these should also be considered within the protection scope of this invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following ingredients: 200-300 parts polyether monomer, 1.5-3.5 parts oxidant, 0.2-0.5 parts reducing agent, 1.2-3 parts chain transfer agent, 25-33 parts unsaturated acid, 10-20 parts self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside, 5-10 parts aconitine, and 250-300 parts tap water.

2. The fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyether monomer includes one or more of methyl allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether, and ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether.

3. The fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxidant includes one or more of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate.

4. The fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reducing agent includes one or more of L-ascorbic acid, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and the novel reducing agent E51.

5. The fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The chain transfer agent includes one or more of sodium hypophosphite, mercaptoacetic acid, and mercaptoethanol.

6. The fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The unsaturated acid includes one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic anhydride.

7. The fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation method of the self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of alkyl glycosides: Oleyl alcohol and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid were added to a three-necked flask equipped with stirring and reflux. When the temperature of the premix reached 80℃-100℃, powdered maltose was added in three equal portions. The molar ratio of oleyl alcohol to maltose was 4-6:1, and the molar fraction of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid catalyst relative to maltose was 3%-4%. The reaction was monitored with Fehling's reagent until the reaction endpoint. The temperature was lowered to 60℃, and the pH of the mixed product solution was adjusted to 7-8 using 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution. The alkyl glycosides were obtained by vacuum filtration. S2: Preparation of modified alkyl glycosides: Weigh 50g of the prepared alkyl glycoside and add 1000mL of 2-propanol to a flask. Sonicate for 30 min to disperse it evenly. Place the flask in a water bath with a magnetic stirrer and connect a condenser. Set the temperature to 65℃ and stir at 600 r·min⁻¹. Simultaneously, add 48g of sodium hydroxide dropwise to alkalize it for 2 h. Then raise the temperature to 70℃ and add sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate solution dropwise at a uniform rate for 2 h. React at room temperature for 6 h. The solution in the flask gradually changes from turbid to clear. After centrifugation, the lower yellow liquid is the modified alkyl glycoside.

8. The fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate solution was prepared by dissolving 238.2 g of 1.2 mol of sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate solid in 1000 mL of water.

9. A method for preparing a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Dissolution: Add the polyether monomer to the bottom of the reactor and add water. Stir at 15℃~20℃ until completely dissolved. S2: Preparation of Solution A: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing unsaturated acid, aconitic acid, self-made functional monomer modified alkyl glycoside and water, and denote it as Solution A; S3: Preparation of Solution B: Prepare a homogeneous solution by mixing the reducing agent, chain transfer agent and water, and denote it as Solution B; S4: Synthesis: Add oxidant to the reactor in step S1, stir evenly at 15℃~20℃, and start adding liquids A and B dropwise. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 1 hour to prepare a fast-dispersible polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

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