Slope and crack area high formwork rapid conversion supporting platform and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope and crack area high formwork rapid conversion supporting platform and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of concrete formwork supporting. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, erecting a disc buckle type jacking frame on a slope concrete surface and flatly chiseling a vertical rod position to form a leveling module; 18 # I-shaped steel primary and secondary beam full-length welding grids are laid, and a conversion module is formed; and finally, groove square steel and formworks are fully laid on the secondary beams, closed modules are formed, and the horizontal operation platform larger than or equal to 1.0 kN / m < 2 > is obtained. The platform and the high-support formwork are directly inserted into the same system interface to realize synchronous pouring of the wall and the floor slab; and the upper-layer frame body, the closed panel, the primary and secondary beams and the back-jacking frame are reversely disassembled in sequence, and no impact load exists. Slope leveling can be rapidly completed, a large number of inclined struts are omitted, the construction period is shortened, no opposite-pull screw is arranged, and the method is green, safe and suitable for ultrahigh formwork erecting projects in various slope and crack areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of concrete formwork support and high formwork construction technology, and particularly relates to a method and structure for setting up a rapid conversion support platform in the area where a slope and a joint intersect, so as to achieve safe, efficient and synchronous construction of ultra-high formwork. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of deep foundation pits and underground structures, it is common to encounter areas where slopes formed by driveway slabs, internal supports, or sloping surfaces intersect with narrow gaps. These areas have irregular slope elevations and confined spaces. Traditional methods of directly erecting steel pipe and fastener or disc-lock type high-support formwork directly from the slope have the following drawbacks: Uneven sloping foundations and uneven stress on uprights can cause the frame to slip and tilt, posing a high safety risk. It requires segmented and layered construction, making it impossible to form a horizontal working surface at once, resulting in low construction efficiency and long construction period. To ensure stability, a large number of diagonal braces and tie rods are often added, resulting in a significant waste of materials and making subsequent dismantling difficult. When sloping surfaces and ultra-high formwork coexist, it is difficult to pour the walls and floor slabs at the same time, which affects the overall construction rhythm.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a support technology that can quickly convert sloping surfaces into horizontal working platforms to solve the problems of inconsistent foundations, inconvenient construction, and poor safety of high formwork structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to provide a rapid conversion support platform and construction method for high formwork in sloping and narrow areas. Through a three-stage conversion of "disc-lock top frame + I-beam main and secondary beams + horizontal hard enclosure", the uneven sloping surface is leveled into a horizontal working platform of uniform elevation in one go. This allows the ultra-high formwork frame to be safely erected on the platform according to standard modules and constructed simultaneously with the floor slab. It overcomes the defects of traditional sloping formwork, such as unstable foundation, many procedures, and high risks. It has the advantages of safety, speed, material saving, and low cost.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented as follows: A rapid conversion support platform for high formwork in sloping and confined areas includes three detachable functional modules arranged sequentially: leveling, conversion, and closure. Leveling module: On the sloping concrete surface, the lateral force is converted into the vertical force through the disc-lock back jack and the local chiseling nodes, and the bottom elevation of each upright is adjusted to the same elevation. Conversion module: Replace the traditional diagonal bracing with 18# I-beam main and secondary beam grids to evenly transfer the load of the upper high formwork to the back-top frame columns; Enclosed module: The secondary beam is fully covered with grooved square steel and formwork to form a horizontal bearing surface that can be put into use immediately; The above three-level modules enable the slope surface to be quickly transformed into a horizontal working platform with a uniform elevation, allowing the upper high formwork to be poured simultaneously with the floor slab. During dismantling, the slope is dismantled in reverse order of "upper frame → closed panel → main and secondary beams → top frame" to restore the original state of the slope.

[0006] Furthermore: The leveling module achieves uniform elevation of 0-30° slope surfaces through a combination of "pole base support + chiseling foundation + horizontal / vertical scissor bracing" with a leveling accuracy of ≤3 mm. The conversion module utilizes the "main beam full length + secondary beam vertical grid + full welded connection" to form a truss-like effect, enabling the load of the high formwork uprights to be directly aligned and transferred without the need for additional diagonal bracing; A "slippage limiting node" (spot welded or tied) is set between the main and secondary beam grid and the top support of the backfill frame to prevent the beam from sliding horizontally during the pouring process; The enclosed modules were laid within 30 minutes, with their grooved square steel bars spot-welded to the secondary beams and covered with wooden formwork, forming a strength ≥1.0kN / m. 2 It serves as the construction live load bearing surface and also as the concrete pouring operation layer. The horizontal working platform and the high formwork frame are connected by a "disc buckle-disc buckle" system, which enables the frame to be erected directly without modification, reducing the types of components and labor input; Furthermore, this invention also proposes a high-formwork construction method for slopes and joint areas based on the above-mentioned platform, including: a) Measure and mark out the positions for the poles on the sloping concrete surface and chisel the surface to level the position. b) Construct leveling modules to unify the elevation; c) Install the conversion module to form a primary and secondary beam grid; d) Lay out enclosed modules to complete the horizontal working platform; e) Erect a high-support formwork directly through the same system interface (5) and pour it simultaneously with the floor slab; f) After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, the platform and frame are dismantled from top to bottom in reverse order to restore the original state of the slope.

[0007] in: A gap of ≥50 mm should be left between the ends of the main and secondary beams and the slope surface, and wooden wedges or rubber pads should be used to wedge them tightly to prevent the beam ends from slipping and concrete grout from flowing in. The top frame, main and secondary beams and closed panels are all standard length components. The platform length can be extended indefinitely with the slope length without the need for on-site cutting and welding. The upper surface of the enclosed module is equipped with quick leveling marks. After the installation is completed, a laser level can be used to check the platform's bearing surface once, confirming that it is qualified and eliminating the need for repeated leveling.

[0008] Compared to the traditional method of erecting numerous diagonal braces and segmenting the formwork on slopes, this invention uses a three-level functional module of "leveling-conversion-closure" to transform the slope surface into a horizontal working platform in one go, enabling rapid leveling and the establishment of a bearing surface. Furthermore, the high formwork and the floor slab are poured simultaneously, eliminating the need for segmented erection and dismantling, repeated leveling, and a large amount of diagonal bracing materials, thus shortening the construction period, reducing costs, and providing a safe and spacious working surface. The platform has no tie rods throughout, and dismantling is done in reverse module order, without impact loads, making it environmentally friendly and allowing for unlimited extension. It is suitable for ultra-high formwork construction on various slopes and in confined areas. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a general layout diagram of the slope and gap area involved in this invention.

[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Section 1-1 (showing a longitudinal section from the slope base to the post-construction top slab).

[0011] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Section 2-2 (showing details of the connection between the main and secondary beams and the top support of the jacking frame).

[0012] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the completed setup of the platform described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The following is combined with Figures 1-4 Based on conventional construction experience, this invention provides a detailed description of the "Rapid Conversion Support Platform and Construction Method for High Formwork in Slope and Joint Areas". The described embodiments are merely examples of ultra-high formwork engineering for typical deep foundation pit driveway slab slopes and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0014] I. Materials and Components Disc-lock steel pipe: Φ48×3.2 mm, material Q355, uprights, horizontal bars and diagonal bars are all standard lengths, with matching top supports and bases.

[0015] 18# I-beam: The main beam is arranged along the length of the slope, and the secondary beam is perpendicular to the main beam and laid in alignment with the upper high formwork support poles; the upper flanges of the main and secondary beams have continuous fillet welds with a weld leg height ≥6 mm.

[0016] Grooved square steel: 38×38×1.3 mm, with a length corresponding to the spacing of the secondary beams, spot-welded to the upper flange of the secondary beams, and covered with 15 mm wooden formwork to form a hard closed surface.

[0017] Auxiliary components: wooden wedges, rubber pads, laser level, quick leveling line stickers (50 mm wide reflective tape).

[0018] II. Construction Process Step 1: Measure and lay out the lines ( Figure 1 ) On the sloping concrete surface, mark the center line of the top support uprights with a longitudinal and transverse spacing of 1.5 m; at the same time, mark the edge line of the main beam to ensure that the grid of the main and secondary beams corresponds one-to-one with the upper high formwork uprights.

[0019] Step 2: Foundation leveling and ground support installation ( Figure 2 , Figure 3 ) The leveling depth at each pole position should be ≥20 mm to expose a solid base layer. After blowing away the dust, apply cement slurry. Insert the disc-type base and use a laser level to uniformly adjust the base elevation, ensuring a height difference of ≤3 mm, thus completing the "leveling module".

[0020] Step 3: Erecting the top scaffold ( Figure 2 ) The uprights are 1.5 m x 1.5 m in both longitudinal and transverse directions, with a step distance of 1.5 m. A horizontal scissor brace is installed at the bottom and top, and vertical scissor braces are installed on the outer side. They are continuously installed every 4 spans in both longitudinal and transverse directions to form an overall stable "leveling module".

[0021] Step 4: Installation of the I-beam conversion module ( Figure 2 , Figure 3 ) ① Main beam: 18# I-beams are laid along the slope length, with joints staggered by ≥1 m, and the number of joints in the same section ≤50%. A 50 mm gap is left between the beam end and the slope surface, and rubber pads are used to wedge it tightly.

[0022] ② Secondary beams: laid vertically according to the alignment of the upper high formwork uprights, with continuous fillet welds to the upper flange of the main beam, the weld length being ≥100 mm, forming a "conversion module" type truss effect.

[0023] ③ Anti-slip joints: Spot weld 30 mm lengths on both sides of the contact surface between the main and secondary beams and the top support, or use two steel wires to tie the beams together to prevent slippage during concrete pouring. Figure 3 ).

[0024] Step 5: Quickly install the sealed panels ( Figure 2 ) Weld 38×38×1.3 mm grooved square steel bars to the upper flange of the secondary beam, and lay 15 mm thick wooden formwork on top, with joints ≤2 mm, forming a strength ≥1.0 kN / m. 2 Construction live load surface; reflective marking lines are pasted on the surface, and the laser level is checked once to complete the "closed module".

[0025] Step 6: Erection of high-support formwork in the same system ( Figure 2 ) Insert the disc buckle upright base directly into the closed panel, with a longitudinal and transverse distance of ≤1.2 m and a step distance of 1.5 m, and set up continuous scissor bracing; set up "slip restriction nodes" corresponding to the uprights and the secondary beams below to achieve "zero modification" erection and complete the high formwork interface.

[0026] Step 7: Simultaneous pouring of beams and slabs The concrete for walls and slabs is poured continuously in one go, with walls poured first and slabs poured later. The slump of the wall concrete is 160-180 mm, and the thickness of each layer is ≤500 mm. During the pouring process, a dedicated person is set up to monitor the platform. If any deformation is found, the pouring is stopped immediately and the concrete is tightened again.

[0027] Step 8 Reverse demolition ( Figure 2 ) After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, it is dismantled from top to bottom in the following order: "upper high formwork support frame → closed panel → grooved square steel → secondary beam → main beam → top frame". There is no whole-building pulling or throwing from a height, and the slope is restored to its original state.

[0028] III. Key Points of Quality Control Platform levelness: Randomly sample 10 points with a laser level, and the height difference is ≤3 mm.

[0029] Welds: One weld every 5 m between the main and secondary beams was randomly inspected and tested with a penetrant indicator. No cracks or lack of fusion were found.

[0030] Slippage: A dial gauge is installed at the end of the secondary beam before and after pouring to monitor slippage. Slippage ≤ 2 mm is considered acceptable.

[0031] Load-bearing capacity: 1.0 kN / m uniformly distributed load after the panel is enclosed. 2 If no significant deformation is observed after 30 minutes, the test is considered passed.

[0032] IV. Effect Verification Figure 4 ) By following the steps described above, the platform can quickly complete leveling and closure, and the high formwork and floor slab can be poured simultaneously, saving the construction period of segmented assembly and disassembly. The entire construction process is carried out without tie rods, and the slope surface is not damaged by impact after disassembly, fully demonstrating the technical effect of "fast, safe and green" of this invention.

[0033] The above embodiments are merely preferred examples. Any slope ultra-high formwork conversion platform that adopts a three-level module of "leveling-conversion-closure" and can be disassembled and reversed should fall within the protection scope of this invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of this invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this invention.

Claims

1. A rapid conversion support platform for high formwork in slope and gap areas, characterized in that, This includes a three-level functional module consisting of "leveling - transformation - closure" set sequentially: Leveling module: On the sloping concrete surface, the lateral force is converted into the vertical force through the disc-lock back jack and the local chiseling nodes, and the bottom elevation of each upright is adjusted to the same elevation. Conversion module: Replace the diagonal bracing with 18# I-beam main and secondary beam grids to evenly transfer the load of the upper high formwork to the back-top frame columns; Enclosed module: The secondary beam is fully covered with grooved square steel and formwork to form a horizontal bearing surface that can be put into use immediately; The three-level module is detachable, which transforms the slope into a horizontal working platform with a uniform elevation, allowing the upper high formwork to be poured simultaneously with the floor slab.

2. The rapid conversion support platform for high formwork in slope and gap areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling module achieves uniform elevation of 0-30° slope surfaces through a combination of upright base support, chiseled foundation, and horizontal / vertical scissor bracing, with a leveling accuracy of ≤3 mm.

3. The rapid conversion support platform for high formwork in slope and gap areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion module utilizes the continuous main beam, the vertical grid of the secondary beams, and the full welding connection to form a truss-like effect, enabling the load of the high formwork support poles to be directly aligned and transferred without the need for additional diagonal bracing.

4. The rapid conversion support platform for high formwork in slope and gap areas according to claim 1 or 3 is characterized in that, Slip restriction nodes are set between the main and secondary beam grids and the top support of the backfill frame, including spot welding or binding measures, to prevent the beam from sliding horizontally during the pouring process.

5. The rapid conversion support platform for high formwork in square slopes and gap areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosed module has its grooved square steel and secondary beam spot welded together, and is covered with wooden formwork to form a structure with a strength ≥1.0 kN / m. 2 It serves as the construction live load bearing surface and also as the concrete pouring operation layer.

6. The rapid conversion support platform for high formwork in slope and gap areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal working platform and the high formwork frame are connected by a "disc buckle-disc buckle" system, which enables the frame to be erected directly without modification, reducing the types of components and labor input.

7. A method for high-formwork construction of slopes and joint areas using the platform described in claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: a) Measure and mark out the positions for the poles on the sloping concrete surface and chisel the surface to level the position. b) Construct leveling modules to unify the elevation; c) Install the conversion module to form a primary and secondary beam grid; d) Lay out enclosed modules to complete the horizontal working platform; e) Erect a high-support formwork directly through the same system interface (5) and pour it simultaneously with the floor slab; f) After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, the platform and frame are dismantled from top to bottom in reverse order to restore the original state of the slope.

8. The rapid conversion support platform and construction method for high formwork in slope and joint areas according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, When dismantling the three-level module, it is dismantled in reverse order: upper frame, closed panel, main and secondary beams, and top frame, restoring the slope to its original state. There is no impact load during the dismantling process.

9. The high-formwork construction method for slope and joint areas according to claim 7, characterized in that, A gap of ≥50 mm is left between the ends of the main and secondary beams and the slope surface, and wooden wedges or rubber pads are used to wedge them tightly to prevent the beam ends from slipping and concrete grout from flowing in.

10. The high-formwork construction method for slope and joint areas according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper surface of the enclosed module is equipped with a rapid leveling detection mark line. After the installation is completed, a laser level is used to check once to confirm that the platform bearing surface is qualified, and there is no need to repeat the leveling.

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