Full-automatic underground tool ground performance comprehensive experiment platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic underground tool ground performance comprehensive experiment platform, and belongs to the technical field of underground tool detection. A full-automatic underground tool ground performance comprehensive experiment platform comprises a detection groove, an oil cylinder is installed at one end of the detection groove and connected with detection equipment, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the two ends of the detection groove, a guide rail sliding table is arranged on the upper surface of the detection groove, a moving block is movably installed on the guide rail sliding table, and a limiting assembly is installed on the moving block. The problems that in the prior art, the automation degree is extremely low, a test well or a sleeve needs to be frequently replaced, and automatic data analysis is lacked are solved, dual detection of the downhole tool can be achieved at the same time, the automation degree of downhole tool detection is improved, downhole tools of different specifications can be detected, and the detection efficiency is improved. And the practicability is higher, so that a worker can know the detection result and the detection process more visually, manual follow-up arrangement and analysis are not needed, and the detection efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of downhole tool detection, in particular to a full-automatic downhole tool ground performance comprehensive experiment platform. BACKGROUND

[0002] In oil and gas drilling, well completion and oil production operations, the performance reliability of downhole tools such as jar, shock absorber and tailpipe hanger directly determines the operation safety, construction efficiency and production cost.

[0003] A downhole tool performance detection device is disclosed in Chinese patent CN2420617Y, a mobile loading device is installed on a ground track, and a test well is a test well group with different specifications and different depths, each well only enters a test casing with a bypass pipe of one specification. The wellhead connecting device is connected with the power head through the fixed sleeve of the sealing rod, and the special wellhead is matched with the positioning groove of the base plate, and the test well and the mobile loading device form a closed force frame through the connection of the pressing cap. The small track is installed with a rolling pressing device with a back clamp. The present application can safely and conveniently detect and evaluate the single indicators and comprehensive performance of downhole tools, and has stable performance and accurate data.

[0004] The above-mentioned patent has very low automation degree in actual use, and the whole detection process such as the alignment of the mobile loading device to the well site, the pipe string downhole, the wellhead connection and the like need to be completed manually, and the detection scene has great limitation, each well of the test well group can only enter a test casing with a bypass pipe of one specification, when facing downhole tools of different specifications, the test well or the casing needs to be frequently replaced, and the automatic analysis, storage and evaluation functions of the data are also lacking, and the data needs to be manually sorted and analyzed subsequently; therefore, it cannot meet the existing requirements, and the full-automatic downhole tool ground performance comprehensive experiment platform is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a full-automatic downhole tool ground performance comprehensive experiment platform, which can further improve the explosion-proof effect of the limiting assembly, detect the downhole tool by using the detection groove, avoid the explosion of the downhole tool during detection, bring danger to the workers, and simultaneously realize the double detection of the downhole tool, without the need of detecting through the detection well, improve the automation degree of the downhole tool detection, limit the downhole tool through the limiting column, and move the bidirectional sensor to the downhole tool through the oil cylinder, which can realize the detection of downhole tools of different specifications without the need of replacing the test well or the casing, has stronger practicability, avoids the errors caused by manual reading and recording, enables the workers to more intuitively understand the detection results and process, simultaneously analyzes the collected parameters in real time without the need of subsequent manual sorting and analysis, improves the detection efficiency, and solves the problems in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fully automatic downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform, including a testing tank, a hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting weight. A hydraulic cylinder is installed at one end of the testing tank and is connected to the testing equipment. Multiple limiting holes are provided at both ends of the testing tank. A guide rail slide is provided on the upper surface of the testing tank. A moving block is movably installed on the guide rail slide. A limiting component is installed on the moving block. A limiting post passes through the limiting holes and the limiting component to limit the downhole tool. A mounting weight is installed at the end of the testing tank away from the hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes a limiting seat, a fixed tube, a threaded rod, a first threaded hole, a fixed clamping block, a locking nut, and a movable clamping block. The limiting seat has first threaded holes on both side walls. A fixed tube is fixedly installed inside the limiting seat. A fixed clamping block is fixed on the fixed tube. A movable clamping block is provided on the right side of the fixed clamping block. A second threaded hole is provided at the position corresponding to the fixed tube on the movable clamping block. The threaded rod passes through the first threaded hole, the second threaded hole, and the fixed tube in sequence to fix the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block together, and is fixed by the locking nut.

[0008] Preferably, the fixed tube is provided with an internal thread, and both the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block are provided with a fixed seat on their inner sides, and both the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block are provided with reinforcing ribs on their outer sides.

[0009] Preferably, the detection device includes a housing, a detection system, a liquid storage tank, and a liquid outlet pipe. The detection system and the liquid storage tank are both housed within the housing, and the liquid outlet pipe communicates with the liquid storage tank. The detection system includes:

[0010] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire detection data from the sensor components and convert the acquired analog signals into digital signals.

[0011] The data processing unit is used to compare the converted detection parameters with standard parameters and automatically generate a performance evaluation report.

[0012] Preferably, the sensor assembly includes a bidirectional sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor. The bidirectional sensor is mounted on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder via a mounting flange and protected by a protective flange. It is used to detect the bending stress, tensile stress, and compressive stress experienced by the downhole tool. The pressure sensor is installed inside the detection tank, the gas pipe, and the fluid channel of the downhole tool, respectively, to detect the internal pressure and external extrusion pressure of the downhole tool. The flow sensor is installed in the fluid output pipeline and the outlet end of the downhole tool under test to detect the flow rate parameters of the fluid passing through the downhole tool.

[0013] Preferably, the data processing unit includes:

[0014] The data storage module is used to store the raw data collected by the data acquisition unit and the process data detected by the sensor components;

[0015] The data analysis module is used to process and analyze the collected raw data and compare it with preset standard values;

[0016] The display module is used to automatically generate test reports based on the analysis results, and to display the test reports, test parameter settings, and real-time monitoring data of the test process.

[0017] Preferably, the data analysis module specifically includes:

[0018] The Kalman filter algorithm is used to reduce noise in the raw data collected by the data acquisition unit, removing abnormal data points caused by sensor fluctuations and electromagnetic interference. At the same time, the missing values ​​that occur during the data acquisition process are filled in by linear interpolation.

[0019] Based on the performance requirements of the downhole tool to be tested, the corresponding digital signal feature parameters are automatically extracted;

[0020] By combining the calibration parameters of the sensor components, the extracted digital signal feature parameters are converted into physical quantity values;

[0021] The difference between the converted actual physical quantity and the corresponding preset standard value of the downhole tool is calculated and the trend is compared.

[0022] If the actual value is within the standard threshold range and the trend of change meets the requirements, the downhole tool performance is deemed qualified; otherwise, it is marked as unqualified and the specific parameters exceeding the standard are located.

[0023] Preferably, the display module specifically includes:

[0024] The key parameters set during the testing process and the pre-processed real-time data are entered into the report in tabular form, and a trend chart of key parameter changes is generated simultaneously.

[0025] Fill in the corresponding converted values ​​of the characteristic parameters output by the data analysis module, the difference between the values ​​and the standard values, and the pass / fail judgment results into the report. Highlight the non-compliant items in red and attach a brief analysis of the reasons for exceeding the standard.

[0026] The system displays trend charts of key parameters, analysis results from the data analysis module, settings of detection parameters, and real-time monitoring data of the detection process.

[0027] Preferably, the data analysis module is further configured with a horizontal-vertical equivalent mechanical correction unit, which performs the following operations:

[0028] Acquire real-time detection data collected by sensor components, real-time motion parameters of the moving block, and preset system and tool physical parameters;

[0029] Based on real-time detection data collected by sensor components, real-time motion parameters of the moving block, and preset system and tool physical parameters, the actual axial effective load of the downhole tool is calculated in real time using the following formula. :

[0030] in, The corrected actual axial effective load of the downhole tool is expressed in Newtons (N). The load at the cylinder output end is collected in real time by a bidirectional sensor, and the unit is Newtons (N). The equivalent inertial mass of the moving block and connecting parts is expressed in kilograms (kg). The real-time acceleration of the moving block is expressed in meters per second squared (m / s²). For sign functions, based on the real-time speed of the moving block. Determine the direction of friction; is the coefficient of dynamic friction between the downhole tool and the limiting assembly, which is dimensionless; is the maximum static friction coefficient under high contact stress, dimensionless; The real-time moving speed of the moving block is expressed in meters per second (m / s). is the critical velocity constant in the Stribeck friction model, in meters per second (m / s). The mass of the downhole tool to be tested is expressed in kilograms (kg). The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.8 m / s². is the radial expansion force transmission coefficient, which characterizes the proportion of the tool housing expansion due to internal pressure that is converted into normal contact pressure, and is dimensionless; The outer diameter of the confined section of the downhole tool's restricted positioning assembly is expressed in meters (m). The effective contact length between the limiting component and the downhole tool is expressed in meters (m). The pressure inside the downhole tool is collected in real time by a pressure sensor, and the unit is Pascal (Pa). is the base of the natural logarithm;

[0031] Real axial effective load calculated in real time Correct the test data to compensate for the errors caused by gravity friction and fluid-structure interaction deformation friction introduced by the ground-level test environment.

[0032] Preferably, the detection system is also equipped with a virtual infinite drill string impedance control mode, which is used to reproduce the elastic hysteresis effect of a long drill string in a deep well on a ground test bench with a limited stroke.

[0033] The specific control logic of the real-time virtual infinite drill string impedance control mode is as follows:

[0034] The controller presets the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the virtual drill string. ;

[0035] During the process of loading the downhole tool with the hydraulic cylinder, the preset displacement command is not executed directly. Instead, it is based on the real axial effective load calculated in real time. Dynamic impedance control is implemented to adjust the extension command of the hydraulic cylinder in real time. Make it satisfy the following relationship:

[0036] When detected When a step descent occurs, the controller controls the hydraulic cylinder to perform underdamped oscillating motion to simulate the rebound impact generated by the instantaneous release of the drill string's elastic potential energy.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. The present invention provides a gap between the limiting post and the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block by setting a fixed seat. This gap is a safety gap and plays a protective role, namely explosion protection. At the same time, the fixed seat clamps the limiting post, making the limiting post more secure when installed in the limiting hole, thereby improving the explosion protection effect. The reinforcing ribs can further improve the explosion protection effect of the limiting component.

[0039] 2. This invention moves a bidirectional sensor to the surface of a downhole tool using a hydraulic cylinder to detect the bending, tensile, and compressive stresses on the tool. A pressure sensor detects the internal pressure and external extrusion pressure of the tool. A liquid outlet pipe connects to the tool for liquid injection. A flow sensor detects the flow rate through the tool and monitors for leaks. Using a detection tank avoids explosions during tool testing, preventing hazards to personnel. It also enables dual detection of the tool simultaneously, eliminating the need for a test well and increasing automation. A limiting column restricts the tool's position, and the hydraulic cylinder moves the bidirectional sensor to the tool, allowing for testing of tools of different specifications without requiring replacement of the test well or casing, thus enhancing practicality.

[0040] 3. This invention analyzes the collected data and displays the trend charts of key parameter changes, the analysis results of the data analysis module, the settings of detection parameters, and the real-time monitoring data of the detection process. This avoids errors caused by manual reading and recording, allowing staff to understand the detection results and process more intuitively. At the same time, by analyzing the collected parameters in real time, no further manual processing and analysis are required, thus improving the efficiency of the detection. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component of the fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component of the fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting seat of the fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a split view of the limiting component of the fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fully automated ground performance comprehensive test platform system for downhole tools according to the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Detection groove; 2. Limiting hole; 3. Guide rail slide; 4. Moving block; 5. Limiting assembly; 51. Limiting seat; 52. Fixing pipe; 53. Threaded rod; 54. First threaded hole; 55. Fixing clamp; 56. Locking nut; 57. Movable clamp; 58. Fixing seat; 59. Reinforcing rib; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 7. Detection equipment; 8. Liquid storage tank; 9. Protective flange; 10. Mounting flange; 11. Mounting tonnage; 12. Limiting post; 13. Liquid outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] To address the issue that existing technologies have extremely low automation in practical applications, requiring manual intervention for the entire testing process—such as aligning the moving loading device with the well location, running the casing, and connecting to the wellhead—and the significant limitations of testing scenarios—where each well in a test well group can only have one type of test casing with a bypass pipe, necessitating frequent changes to test wells or casing when faced with different sizes of downhole tools, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figures 1-6 This embodiment provides the following technical solution: Example 1

[0051] The fully automatic downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform includes a test tank 1, a hydraulic cylinder 6, and a mounting weight 11. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is installed at one end of the test tank 1 and is connected to the test equipment 7. Multiple limiting holes 2 are provided at both ends of the test tank 1. A guide rail slide 3 is provided on the upper surface of the test tank 1. The guide rail slide 3 is a synchronous belt linear guide rail slide. A moving block 4 is movably installed on the guide rail slide 3. A limiting component 5 is installed on the moving block 4. A limiting column 12 passes through the limiting holes 2 and the limiting component 5 to limit the downhole tool. The mounting weight 11 is installed at the end of the test tank 1 away from the hydraulic cylinder 6.

[0052] The limiting assembly 5 includes a limiting seat 51, a fixing tube 52, a threaded rod 53, a first threaded hole 54, a fixing clamp 55, a locking nut 56, and a movable clamp 57. The limiting seat 51 has first threaded holes 54 on both side walls. A fixing tube 52 is fixedly installed inside the limiting seat 51, and a fixing clamp 55 is fixed to the fixing tube 52. A movable clamp 57 is located to the right of the fixing clamp 55. A second threaded hole is provided at the position corresponding to the fixing tube 52 on the movable clamp 57. The threaded rod 53 passes sequentially through the first threaded hole 54, the second threaded hole, and the fixing tube 52 to fix the fixing clamp 55 and the movable clamp 57 together, and is further secured by the locking nut 56.

[0053] The fixed tube 52 is provided with internal threads. The inner sides of the fixed clamping block 55 and the movable clamping block 57 are provided with fixed seats 58, and the outer sides of the fixed clamping block 55 and the movable clamping block 57 are provided with reinforcing ribs 59. The fixed seats 58 provide a gap between the limiting post 12 and the fixed clamping block 55 and the movable clamping block 57. This gap is a safety gap and plays a protective role, namely, explosion protection. At the same time, the fixed seats 58 clamp the limiting post 12, so that the limiting post 12 can be more firmly installed in the limiting hole 2, thereby improving the explosion protection effect.

[0054] Specifically, the downhole tool to be inspected is placed in the inspection slot 1. The moving block 4 is moved by activating the guide rail slide 3, and the limiting component 5 is moved to the limiting hole 2 at the downhole tool. The limiting post 12 is then passed through the limiting hole 2 and the limiting component 5 in sequence, so that the limiting post 12 limits the downhole tool. The threaded rod 53 is rotated to fix the movable clamping block 57 and the fixed clamping block 55 together, and locked by the locking nut 56, fixing the limiting post 12 in the limiting component 5 and the limiting hole 2, so as to prevent the downhole tool from exploding during inspection and causing the limiting post 12 to fly out of the limiting hole 2, which would endanger the staff.

[0055] The testing device 7 includes a housing, a testing system, a liquid storage tank 8, and a liquid outlet pipe 13. The testing system and the liquid storage tank 8 are both located inside the housing, and the liquid outlet pipe 13 is connected to the liquid storage tank 8.

[0056] To address the lack of automated data analysis, storage, and evaluation capabilities in existing technologies during practical use, which necessitates manual data processing and analysis, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0057] The detection system includes:

[0058] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire detection data from the sensor components and convert the acquired analog signals into digital signals.

[0059] The data processing unit is used to compare the converted detection parameters with standard parameters and automatically generate a performance evaluation report.

[0060] The sensor assembly includes a bidirectional sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor. The bidirectional sensor is mounted on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 via a mounting flange 10 and protected by a protective flange 9. It is used to detect the bending stress, tensile stress, and compressive stress experienced by the downhole tool. The pressure sensor is installed inside the detection tank 1, in the gas pipe, and in the fluid channel of the downhole tool. It is used to detect the internal pressure and external extrusion pressure of the downhole tool. The flow sensor is installed in the fluid output pipeline and at the outlet end of the downhole tool to be tested. It is used to detect the flow rate parameters of the fluid passing through the downhole tool.

[0061] By activating hydraulic cylinder 6, the bidirectional sensor is moved to the surface of the downhole tool to detect the bending, tensile, and compressive stresses on the downhole tool. A pressure sensor detects the internal pressure and external extrusion pressure of the downhole tool. Then, the liquid outlet pipe 13 connects to the downhole tool to inject liquid. A flow sensor detects the flow rate through the downhole tool and simultaneously observes for any liquid leakage. Using the detection tank 1 to inspect the downhole tool avoids explosions during inspection, preventing danger to personnel. It also enables dual inspection of the downhole tool simultaneously, eliminating the need for inspection wells and improving the automation of downhole tool inspection. Simultaneously, the downhole tool is limited by the limiting column 12, and the bidirectional sensor is moved to the downhole tool location by hydraulic cylinder 6. This allows for inspection of downhole tools of different specifications without the need to replace test wells or casings, enhancing its practicality.

[0062] The data processing unit includes:

[0063] The data storage module is used to store the raw data collected by the data acquisition unit and the process data detected by the sensor components;

[0064] The data analysis module is used to process and analyze the collected raw data and compare it with preset standard values;

[0065] The display module is used to automatically generate test reports based on the analysis results, and to display the test reports, test parameter settings, and real-time monitoring data of the test process.

[0066] The data analysis module specifically includes:

[0067] The Kalman filter algorithm is used to reduce noise in the raw data collected by the data acquisition unit, removing abnormal data points caused by sensor fluctuations and electromagnetic interference. At the same time, the missing values ​​that occur during the data acquisition process are filled in by linear interpolation to ensure data integrity.

[0068] Based on the performance requirements of the downhole tools to be tested, the corresponding digital signal characteristic parameters are automatically extracted, such as the maximum impact tonnage and response time of the shock absorber, the damping coefficient and vibration attenuation rate of the shock absorber, and the seat force variation curve and seat pressure threshold of the tailpipe hanger.

[0069] By combining the calibration parameters of the sensor components, the extracted digital signal feature parameters are converted into physical quantity values, such as converting the voltage signal into actual stress value units: MPa, pressure value units: kN, and flow rate value units: m³ / h;

[0070] The difference between the converted actual physical quantity and the corresponding preset standard value of the downhole tool is calculated and the trend is compared.

[0071] If the actual value is within the standard threshold range and the trend of change meets the requirements, the downhole tool performance is deemed qualified; otherwise, it is marked as unqualified and the specific parameters exceeding the standard are located.

[0072] The display module specifically includes:

[0073] Key parameters set during the testing process, such as preset pressure, temperature, and loading rate, along with pre-processed real-time data, are entered into a report in tabular form. Simultaneously, trend charts of key parameter changes are generated, such as pressure-time curves and stress-displacement curves, to intuitively present the dynamic changes during the testing process.

[0074] Fill in the corresponding converted values ​​of characteristic parameters output by the data analysis module, the difference between the value and the standard value, and the pass / fail judgment results into the report. Highlight the non-compliant items in red and attach a brief analysis of the reasons for exceeding the standard. For example, if the measured value of the seat seal pressure is 48MPa, which exceeds the standard threshold of 45MPa, it is suspected that the performance of the sealing component is insufficient.

[0075] The system displays trend charts of key parameters, analysis results from the data analysis module, settings of detection parameters, and real-time monitoring data of the detection process.

[0076] By analyzing the collected data and displaying the trend charts of key parameter changes, the analysis results of the data analysis module, the settings of detection parameters, and the real-time monitoring data of the detection process, errors caused by manual reading and recording are avoided. This allows staff to have a more intuitive understanding of the detection results and process. At the same time, by analyzing the collected parameters in real time, no further manual processing and analysis are required, which improves the efficiency of the detection.

[0077] Working principle: When using the fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform of this invention, according to... Figures 1-7 This includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: Place the downhole tool to be inspected in the inspection slot 1, and move the moving block 4 by activating the guide rail slide 3 to move the limiting component 5 to the limiting hole 2 at the downhole tool.

[0079] Step 2: Pass the limiting post 12 through the limiting hole 2 and the limiting component 5 in sequence to limit the downhole tool. Rotate the threaded rod 53 to fix the movable clamping block 57 and the fixed clamping block 55 together, and lock them with the locking nut 56 to fix the limiting post 12 in the limiting component 5 and the limiting hole 2. This prevents the downhole tool from exploding during inspection, which could cause the limiting post 12 to fly out of the limiting hole 2 and endanger the workers.

[0080] Step 3: Activate hydraulic cylinder 6 to move the bidirectional sensor to the surface of the downhole tool, detecting the bending, tensile, and compressive stresses on the tool. Use a pressure sensor to detect the internal pressure and external extrusion pressure of the tool. Then, connect the liquid outlet pipe 13 to the downhole tool to inject liquid. Use a flow sensor to detect the flow rate through the tool and observe for any liquid leakage.

[0081] Step 4: Collect the detection data of the sensor components, convert the collected analog signals into digital signals, compare the converted detection parameters with standard parameters, and automatically generate a performance evaluation report;

[0082] Step 5: Enter the key parameters set during the testing process and the preprocessed real-time data into the report in tabular form, and simultaneously generate a trend chart of key parameter changes;

[0083] Step Six: Fill in the corresponding converted values ​​of characteristic parameters output by the data analysis module, the comparison difference with the standard values, and the pass / fail judgment results into the report. Highlight non-compliant items in red font, attach a brief analysis of the reasons for exceeding the standard, and display the trend chart of key parameter changes, the analysis results of the data analysis module, the settings of the test parameters, and the real-time monitoring data of the test process. Example 2

[0084] Furthermore, the data analysis module is also equipped with a horizontal-vertical equivalent mechanical correction unit, which performs the following operations:

[0085] Acquire real-time detection data collected by the sensor components, real-time motion parameters of moving block 4, and preset system and tool physical parameters;

[0086] Based on real-time detection data collected by sensor components, real-time motion parameters of moving block 4, and preset system and tool physical parameters, the actual axial effective load of the downhole tool is calculated in real time using the following formula. :

[0087] in, The corrected actual axial effective load of the downhole tool is expressed in Newtons (N). The load at the output end of cylinder 6 is collected in real time by the bidirectional sensor, and the unit is Newton (N). The equivalent inertial mass of the moving block 4 and the connecting parts is expressed in kilograms (kg). The real-time acceleration of moving block 4 is expressed in meters per second squared (m / s²). For the sign function, based on the real-time speed of moving block 4. Determine the direction of friction; is the coefficient of dynamic friction between the downhole tool and the limiting component 5, which is dimensionless; is the maximum static friction coefficient under high contact stress, dimensionless; This represents the real-time moving speed of moving block 4, in meters per second (m / s). is the critical velocity constant in the Stribeck friction model, in meters per second (m / s). The mass of the downhole tool to be tested is expressed in kilograms (kg). The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.8 m / s². is the radial expansion force transmission coefficient, which characterizes the proportion of the tool housing expansion due to internal pressure that is converted into normal contact pressure, and is dimensionless; The outer diameter of the constraint section of the downhole tool confined positioning assembly 5 is in meters (m). The effective contact length between the limiting component 5 and the downhole tool is expressed in meters (m). The pressure inside the downhole tool is collected in real time by a pressure sensor, and the unit is Pascal (Pa). is the base of the natural logarithm;

[0088] Real axial effective load calculated in real time Correct the test data to compensate for the errors caused by gravity friction and fluid-structure interaction deformation friction introduced by the ground-level test environment.

[0089] In this embodiment, the data analysis module is configured with a horizontal-vertical equivalent mechanical correction unit. Its core operating logic involves using a multi-dimensional physical field decoupling algorithm to extract non-physical interference forces introduced by the horizontal testing environment from the mixed signals collected by the sensors, thereby restoring the true stress state of the downhole tool under vertical conditions. During system operation, the system first synchronously acquires various real-time detection data collected by the sensor components and the motion parameters of the moving block 4. The processor uses a differential algorithm to calculate the real-time displacement data of the moving block 4 to obtain real-time acceleration. Combined with the preset equivalent inertial mass of the moving component system, it calculates the inertial force component generated by the variable speed motion of the mechanical components, removing it from the total load to eliminate the dynamic interference of mechanical inertia on the measurement results.

[0090] Building upon this, the correction unit further performs decoupling calculations of the fluid-structure interaction friction field, a crucial step in eliminating errors in ground-based horizontal testing. Based on the geometry and material physical properties of the test tool, combined with real-time acquired internal fluid pressure data, the system uses the thick-walled cylinder deformation theory to inversely calculate the radial expansion displacement of the tool shell caused by the high-pressure fluid, and then calculates the additional normal contact force generated by the shell expansion compressing the limiting component 5. The system superimposes this additional contact force with the static support force caused by the tool's own weight to obtain the total contact normal force. Subsequently, the system introduces the Stribek friction model, dynamically determining the current friction coefficient based on the real-time relative sliding speed of the moving block 4, rather than using a fixed constant, thereby accurately calculating the comprehensive resistance value encompassing gravity friction and fluid-structure interaction deformation friction. Finally, the correction unit determines the direction of friction and inertial forces based on the direction of motion, and compensates for these components in real-time in the total load at the output end of the cylinder 6 measured by the bidirectional sensor, outputting a pure, true axial effective load. This process effectively avoids the effects of gravity friction caused by horizontal placement on the ground and the effects of shell expansion and jamming caused by high-pressure injection, achieving a high-fidelity reproduction of the mechanical environment of the downhole vertical working conditions on a horizontal test bench on the ground.

[0091] To ensure the accurate operation of the equivalent mechanical correction unit for the horizontal-vertical working condition, the system in this embodiment must strictly perform physical parameter calibration and self-learning procedures before formal testing. Specifically, the key parameters of the friction model in the formula (including the coefficient of kinetic friction) Maximum static friction coefficient and critical velocity constant Equivalent inertial mass of the system The settings are not arbitrary, but rather obtained through a no-load calibration phase: the system control cylinder 6 drives the unloaded moving block 4 and limit component 5 to reciprocate within the full stroke range of the guide rail slide 3 at multiple speeds covering the low-speed creep zone to the high-speed sliding zone. Real-time driving force and speed response data are collected, and the Stribeck friction curve is generated by fitting using the least squares method. This allows for the reverse calculation of the aforementioned curing parameters, which are then stored in the data analysis module. Simultaneously, the radial expansion force transmission coefficient... It is derived from the elastic modulus and geometric wall thickness of the shell material of the downhole tool to be tested, combined with the theoretical pre-set of thick-walled cylinder deformation or through reverse correction by static high pressure test. This coefficient is used to quantify the additional normal extrusion force applied to the external limiting component 5 by the radial expansion of the tool under high pressure fluid due to the "breathing effect".

[0092] During the dynamic operation of the formal testing, the data analysis module synchronously acquires the total load signal, displacement signal, and internal fluid pressure signal from the bidirectional sensor at a high-frequency sampling rate (e.g., 1kHz), and immediately initiates multi-dimensional physical field decoupling calculations. The processor first performs second-order difference calculations on the displacement signal to obtain real-time acceleration, and then calculates and removes the spurious inertial force component generated by the mechanical speed-changing motion by combining it with the calibrated inertial mass. Next, the system substitutes the real-time velocity and internal pressure data into the friction model to dynamically calculate the comprehensive resistance value, encompassing gravitational friction and fluid-structure interaction deformation friction, and determines the resistance vector based on the direction of motion. Finally, the system subtracts the aforementioned inertial force and comprehensive friction term from the total load measured at the output end of cylinder 6 by the bidirectional sensor in real time, outputting a pure, true axial effective load. This allows for the successful replication of the mechanical behavior of downhole tools under vertical operating conditions, purely generated by their internal mechanisms, on a ground-based horizontal test bench, effectively avoiding measurement errors introduced by gravity and deformation friction. Example 3

[0093] Furthermore, the detection system is also equipped with a virtual infinite drill string impedance control mode, which is used to reproduce the elastic hysteresis effect of a long drill string in a deep well on a ground test bench with a limited stroke.

[0094] The specific control logic of the real-time virtual infinite drill string impedance control mode is as follows:

[0095] The controller presets the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the virtual drill string. ;

[0096] During the loading of the downhole tool by hydraulic cylinder 6, the preset displacement command is not executed directly. Instead, it is based on the real axial effective load calculated in real time. Dynamic impedance control is implemented to adjust the extension amount of hydraulic cylinder 6 in real time. Make it satisfy the following relationship:

[0097] When detected When a step descent occurs, the controller controls the hydraulic cylinder 6 to perform underdamped oscillating motion to simulate the rebound impact generated by the instantaneous release of the drill string's elastic potential energy.

[0098] In this embodiment, based on obtaining the aforementioned high-precision real axial effective load, the detection system further operates a virtual infinite drill string impedance control mode, aiming to solve the technical problem that the short-stroke rigid cylinder 6 on the surface cannot simulate the elastic dynamic characteristics of a long drill string in a deep well. The controller first constructs a virtual spring model that characterizes the elastic characteristics of a long drill string in a deep well based on the simulated well depth and drill string assembly parameters input by the user, and determines its equivalent axial stiffness coefficient. Throughout the test of loading the downhole tool, the controller no longer executes a single rigid displacement command, but instead adopts a dynamic impedance control strategy. That is, it cyclically reads the corrected real axial effective load and uses the inverse logic of Hooke's law to calculate in real time the theoretical elastic elongation that the virtual long drill string should produce under the current load. The controller then superimposes this dynamically changing elastic elongation into the basic displacement command of the cylinder 6 in real time, forcing the hydraulic cylinder 6 to exhibit elastic compliance characteristics consistent with the long drill string, rather than the rigid characteristics of a traditional hydraulic system.

[0099] This control mode plays a crucial role in simulating abrupt changes in operating conditions, such as shock blasting or tool release. When the monitoring module detects a step drop in the actual axial load within a very short time, indicating that the internal mechanism of the tool has been unlocked, the control logic determines that the elastic potential energy stored in the virtual drill string should be released. At this point, the controller, based on the current virtual elongation and load change rate, drives cylinder 6 to perform underdamped oscillating motion, simulating the longitudinal impact effect generated by the instantaneous release of energy in a deep well drill string through explosive acceleration and rebound. This control method allows the short surface test bench to reproduce the elastic hysteresis and rebound impact phenomena unique to long deep well tubing strings, thereby realistically exposing potential structural hazards that may occur in the tool under complex dynamic loads and ensuring a high degree of consistency between surface detection results and actual downhole conditions.

[0100] Specifically, the controller first constructs a virtual stiffness physical mapping. Based on the simulated well depth (e.g., 3000 meters), drill pipe cross-sectional area, and material elastic modulus input by the user, it automatically generates equivalent stiffness coefficients characterizing the elastic properties of a long drill string in a deep well using Hooke's Law. Throughout the testing process of loading downhole tools, the controller abandoned the traditional rigid displacement tracking strategy and instead implemented a force-displacement coupled dynamic impedance control algorithm, which cyclically reads the corrected true axial effective load. Based on the formula, the theoretical elastic elongation or compression that the virtual drill string should produce under the current load is calculated in real time (i.e., The system adds and corrects this dynamically changing elastic hysteresis in real time to the basic displacement command of the hydraulic cylinder 6, forcing the hydraulic cylinder 6 to exhibit compliant characteristics of automatically extending and retracting with changes in load, thereby simulating the process of the drill string being compressed and storing energy at the physical level.

[0101] In particular, this control mode plays a decisive role in simulating abrupt changes in operating conditions such as shock blasting or tool release. When the monitoring module detects a sudden drop in the actual axial load within a very short time (e.g., from tens of tons to zero), indicating that the internal mechanism of the tool has been unlocked or released, the control logic determines that the enormous elastic potential energy stored in the virtual drill string should be released instantaneously. At this time, the controller immediately switches to the underdamped oscillation control mode, driving cylinder 6 to no longer move smoothly, but instead to perform an explosive acceleration catch-up action, and generating several decaying overshoot oscillations after reaching the equilibrium position. This control mechanism enables the experimental platform with limited stroke on the ground to realistically reproduce the violent longitudinal rebound impact effect generated by the energy release of a long drill string in a deep well, thereby effectively exposing potential hazards such as the vibration resistance failure of electronic components or transient leakage of seals that are difficult to detect in static rigidity tests of downhole tools, ensuring a high degree of consistency between the ground test results and extreme downhole operating conditions.

[0102] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "include," "contain," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0103] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A fully automated ground performance testing platform for downhole tools, comprising a testing tank (1), a hydraulic cylinder (6), and a mounting capacity (11), characterized in that, A hydraulic cylinder (6) is installed at one end of the detection groove (1), and the hydraulic cylinder (6) is connected to the detection equipment (7). Multiple limiting holes (2) are provided at both ends of the detection groove (1). A guide rail slide (3) is provided on the upper surface of the detection groove (1). A moving block (4) is movably installed on the guide rail slide (3). A limiting component (5) is installed on the moving block (4). The limiting column (12) passes through the limiting hole (2) and the limiting component (5) to limit the downhole tool. A seat-mounted tonnage (11) is installed at the end of the detection groove (1) away from the hydraulic cylinder (6).

2. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component (5) includes a limiting seat (51), a fixed tube (52), a threaded rod (53), a first threaded hole (54), a fixed clamping block (55), a locking nut (56), and a movable clamping block (57). The limiting seat (51) has a first threaded hole (54) on both sides. The limiting seat (51) has a fixed tube (52) fixedly installed inside. The fixed tube (52) has a fixed clamping block (55) fixed on it. The fixed clamping block (55) has a movable clamping block (57) on its right side. The movable clamping block (57) has a second threaded hole at the corresponding position of the fixed tube (52). The threaded rod (53) passes through the first threaded hole (54), the second threaded hole, and the fixed tube (52) in sequence to fix the fixed clamping block (55) and the movable clamping block (57) together and lock them in place by the locking nut (56).

3. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed tube (52) is provided with an internal thread, and the inner side of the fixed clamping block (55) and the movable clamping block (57) are provided with a fixed seat (58), and the outer side of the fixed clamping block (55) and the movable clamping block (57) are provided with a reinforcing rib (59).

4. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection device (7) includes a housing, a detection system, a liquid storage tank (8), and a liquid outlet pipe (13). The detection system and the liquid storage tank (8) are both housed within the housing. The liquid outlet pipe (13) is connected to the liquid storage tank (8). The detection system includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire detection data from the sensor components and convert the acquired analog signals into digital signals. The data processing unit is used to compare the converted detection parameters with standard parameters and automatically generate a performance evaluation report.

5. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sensor assembly includes a bidirectional sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor. The bidirectional sensor is installed at the output end of the cylinder (6) via a mounting flange (10) and protected by a protective flange (9). It is used to detect the bending stress, tensile stress, and compressive stress on the downhole tool. The pressure sensor is installed inside the detection tank (1), the gas pipe, and the fluid channel of the downhole tool. It is used to detect the internal pressure and external extrusion force of the downhole tool. The flow sensor is installed in the fluid output pipeline and the outlet end of the downhole tool to be tested. It is used to detect the flow rate parameters of the fluid passing through the downhole tool.

6. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data processing unit includes: The data storage module is used to store the raw data collected by the data acquisition unit and the process data detected by the sensor components; The data analysis module is used to process and analyze the collected raw data and compare it with preset standard values; The display module is used to automatically generate test reports based on the analysis results, and to display the test reports, test parameter settings, and real-time monitoring data of the test process.

7. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive testing platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data analysis module specifically includes: The Kalman filter algorithm is used to reduce noise in the raw data collected by the data acquisition unit, removing abnormal data points caused by sensor fluctuations and electromagnetic interference. At the same time, the missing values ​​that occur during the data acquisition process are filled in by linear interpolation. Based on the performance requirements of the downhole tool to be tested, the corresponding digital signal feature parameters are automatically extracted; By combining the calibration parameters of the sensor components, the extracted digital signal feature parameters are converted into physical quantity values; The difference between the converted actual physical quantity and the corresponding preset standard value of the downhole tool is calculated and the trend is compared. If the actual value is within the standard threshold range and the trend of change meets the requirements, the downhole tool performance is deemed qualified; otherwise, it is marked as unqualified and the specific parameters exceeding the standard are located.

8. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display module specifically includes: The key parameters set during the testing process and the pre-processed real-time data are entered into the report in tabular form, and a trend chart of key parameter changes is generated simultaneously. Fill in the corresponding converted values ​​of the characteristic parameters output by the data analysis module, the difference between the values ​​and the standard values, and the pass / fail judgment results into the report. Highlight the non-compliant items in red and attach a brief analysis of the reasons for exceeding the standard. The system displays trend charts of key parameters, analysis results from the data analysis module, settings of detection parameters, and real-time monitoring data of the detection process.

9. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data analysis module is also equipped with a horizontal-vertical equivalent mechanical correction unit, which performs the following operations: Acquire real-time detection data collected by sensor components, real-time motion parameters of moving block (4), and preset system and tool physical parameters; Based on the real-time detection data collected by the sensor components, the real-time motion parameters of the moving block (4), and the preset system and tool physical parameters, the actual axial effective load of the downhole tool is calculated in real time using the following formula. : in, This is the corrected actual axial effective load for downhole tools; The load at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is collected in real time by the bidirectional sensor; The equivalent inertial mass of the moving block (4) and the connecting parts; The real-time acceleration of the moving block (4); For the sign function, based on the real-time speed of the moving block (4) Determine the direction of friction; The coefficient of dynamic friction between the downhole tool and the limiting assembly (5); This represents the maximum static friction coefficient under high contact stress. The real-time moving speed of the moving block (4); This is the critical velocity constant in the Stribeck friction model; The mass of the downhole tool to be tested; The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.8 m / s². is the radial expansion force transmission coefficient, which characterizes the proportion of the tool housing that is converted into normal contact pressure due to internal pressure expansion; The outer diameter of the constraint section of the downhole tool confined position assembly (5); The effective contact length between the limiting component (5) and the downhole tool; The pressure sensor collects the internal fluid pressure of the downhole tool in real time; is the base of the natural logarithm; Real axial effective load calculated in real time Correct the test data to compensate for the errors caused by gravity friction and fluid-structure interaction deformation friction introduced by the ground-level test environment.

10. The fully automated downhole tool surface performance comprehensive test platform according to claim 9, characterized in that, The detection system is also equipped with a virtual infinite drill string impedance control mode, which is used to reproduce the elastic hysteresis effect of a long drill string in a deep well on a ground test bench with a limited stroke. The specific control logic of the real-time virtual infinite drill string impedance control mode is as follows: The controller presets the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the virtual drill string. ; During the loading process of the hydraulic cylinder (6) on the downhole tool, the preset displacement command is not executed directly. Instead, it is based on the real axial effective load calculated in real time. Dynamic impedance control is implemented to adjust the extension command of the hydraulic cylinder (6) in real time. Make it satisfy the following relationship: When detected When a step drop occurs, the controller controls the hydraulic cylinder (6) to perform underdamped oscillating motion to simulate the rebound impact generated by the instantaneous release of the drill string's elastic potential energy.

Images