Diaphragm aperture switching device

Abstract

The invention discloses a diaphragm aperture switching device. The diaphragm aperture switching device comprises a shell, a diaphragm assembly and an electromagnetic driving assembly, wherein the diaphragm assembly and the electromagnetic driving assembly are arranged in the shell; the diaphragm assembly comprises a light shielding plate, and the light shielding plate is provided with two light through holes of different sizes. The electromagnetic driving assembly comprises a stator part and a rotor, the stator part comprises an armature and a coil wound on the armature, the rotor is a permanent magnet ring capable of rotating relative to the stator part, the permanent magnet ring is connected with the light shielding plate through a push rod, and currents in different directions are introduced into the coil, so that the light shielding plate is driven to rotate. Magnetic force between the induced magnetic field and the permanent magnet ring is used for driving the rotor to rotate forwards or reversely, and the rotating motion of the rotor is converted into the translational motion of the shading plate through the push rod; according to the invention, the electromagnetic driving assembly drives the shading plate to translate to switch the light through holes, and the magnetic force between the permanent magnet ring and the armature is combined to maintain the position after power failure, so that the accuracy and stability of aperture switching are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of imaging technology, specifically relating to an aperture switching device. Background Technology

[0002] In imaging systems, such as automotive head-up displays, cameras, and camcorders, it is often necessary to adjust the amount of light entering the system by changing the aperture to control depth of field, exposure, or suppress glare, thereby optimizing imaging performance. As imaging technology demands increasing reliability and adaptability, existing aperture switching structures have gradually revealed many shortcomings in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the needs of different scenarios.

[0003] Currently, the common adjustment method is to use a power unit to drive a switchable light-blocking plate assembly or a mechanical variable aperture composed of multiple blades. The power unit drives the plate to move in and out of the optical path or to open and close the blades to achieve the switching of different light transmission states. However, since the light-blocking plate is directly exposed to the external environment for a long time, it is prone to moisture absorption, which leads to the degradation of optical performance and affects the long-term reliability of the system.

[0004] On the other hand, both the light-blocking plate switching and the mechanical variable aperture solution require a dedicated light-sensing module to identify and provide feedback on the current light transmission status in real time, which increases the complexity and manufacturing cost of the system to some extent, and makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and stability of aperture switching. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an aperture switching device that uses an electromagnetic drive component to drive a light-blocking plate to translate and switch the light-transmitting aperture. The device combines the magnetic force between the permanent magnet ring and the armature to maintain the position after power is cut off, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of aperture switching.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides an aperture switching device, including a housing, an aperture assembly disposed within the housing, and an electromagnetic drive assembly for driving the aperture assembly to move; The aperture assembly includes a light-shielding plate, which has two light-transmitting holes of different sizes. The electromagnetic drive assembly includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes an armature and a coil wound on the armature. The rotor is a permanent magnet ring that can rotate relative to the stator. The permanent magnet ring is connected to the light shield via a push rod. In this process, by passing current in different directions through the coil, an induced magnetic field is formed in the armature that interacts with the permanent magnet ring. The magnetic force between the induced magnetic field and the permanent magnet ring is used to drive the rotor to rotate in the forward or reverse direction. The rotational motion of the rotor is converted into the translational motion of the light-shielding plate through the push rod.

[0007] As a further improvement of this application, the permanent magnet ring is provided with a rotating shaft, and the push rod is provided with a connecting part protruding on the side near the permanent magnet ring. The rotating shaft is provided through the connecting part so that the push rod and the permanent magnet ring can rotate coaxially. A slider is provided on the side of the push rod near the light-shielding plate, and a groove is provided on the light-shielding plate to slide with the slider, with the slider embedded in the groove.

[0008] As a further improvement of this application, the armature includes a winding portion and a pole ring portion that are connected to each other. The winding portion is in the shape of a hollow rectangular frame, and the coil is wound around the side wall of the winding portion. The pole ring portion has an annular region inside that is adapted to the permanent magnet ring, and the permanent magnet ring is rotatably accommodated within the annular region; The pole ring portion has a notch at one end away from the winding portion. The notch is used to form driving magnetic poles on both sides of the notch when the coil is energized. The rotor is driven to rotate in the forward or reverse direction by the magnetic force between the driving magnetic poles and the permanent magnet ring.

[0009] As a further improvement of this application, the light-transmitting hole includes a first light-transmitting hole and a second light-transmitting hole arranged along the translational direction of the light-shielding plate; The housing is provided with a light-transmitting hole, the center of which is located on the same horizontal line as the center of the first light-transmitting hole and the second light-transmitting hole. The diameter of the first light-transmitting hole is smaller than the diameter of the light-transmitting hole, and the diameter of the second light-transmitting hole is larger than the diameter of the light-transmitting hole. Specifically, when the light-shielding plate is moved to the first position, the light-transmitting hole corresponds to the first light-passing hole; when the light-shielding plate is moved to the second position, the light-transmitting hole corresponds to the second light-passing hole.

[0010] As a further improvement of this application, it also includes a first feedback component for providing feedback on whether the light shield has moved to the first position; The first feedback component includes an inductive magnet disposed on the light-shielding plate and close to the first light-transmitting hole, and an inductive switch disposed on the housing corresponding to the inductive magnet when the light-shielding plate moves to the first position.

[0011] As a further improvement of this application, a second feedback component is also included for providing feedback on whether the light-shielding plate has moved to the second position; The second feedback component includes a first Hall element disposed on the light shield and near the second light-transmitting hole, and a second Hall element disposed on the housing corresponding to the first Hall element when the light shield moves to the second position.

[0012] As a further improvement of this application, the housing is recessed to form a mounting portion, and the light-transmitting hole is formed on the mounting portion; The mounting part has two parallel guide grooves on the side near the light-shielding plate along the translational direction of the light-shielding plate, and the two side edges of the light-shielding plate are slidably embedded in the two guide grooves.

[0013] As a further improvement of this application, a first buffer pad and a second buffer pad are provided inside the housing; When the light-shielding plate is moved to the first position, the push rod abuts against the first buffer pad; when the light-shielding plate is moved to the second position, the push rod abuts against the second buffer pad.

[0014] As a further improvement of this application, when the light-shielding plate moves to the first position or the second position and the coil is de-energized, the magnetic force between the permanent magnet ring and the armature is used to maintain the light-shielding plate in its current position.

[0015] As a further improvement of this application, when the light-shielding plate switches between the first position and the second position, the rotation angle of the permanent magnet ring does not exceed 45°.

[0016] This application provides an aperture switching device that houses the aperture assembly and electromagnetic drive assembly inside the housing, avoiding the phenomenon of water absorption when the light shield is exposed to the external environment. The light shield has two light-transmitting holes of different sizes, reducing the difficulty of processing and assembly. The electromagnetic drive assembly includes a stator and a rotor that can rotate relative to the stator. The armature of the stator can enhance the magnetic field strength generated after the coil is energized. When currents of different directions are passed through the coil wound on the armature, an induced magnetic field is formed in the armature that interacts with the permanent magnet ring. The magnetic force between the induced magnetic field and the permanent magnet ring drives the rotor to rotate in the forward or reverse direction. At the same time, the permanent magnet ring is connected to the light shield through a push rod, converting the rotational motion of the rotor into the translational motion of the light shield, realizing the switching between the large aperture state and the small aperture state, and ensuring that the light-transmitting hole and the light-transmitting hole of the housing are accurately aligned.

[0017] Furthermore, this application utilizes the magnetic force of the interaction between the permanent magnet ring and the armature to achieve stable maintenance of the position of the light-shielding plate after power is cut off, without the need for continuous power supply or additional mechanical locking, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of aperture switching. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings obtained from these drawings without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the aperture switching device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the aperture switching device provided in the embodiment of this application, showing the state of the small aperture.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aperture switching device provided in the embodiment of this application, showing the large aperture state.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic drive component in the aperture switching device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the electromagnetic drive component in the aperture switching device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure in the aperture switching device provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing in the aperture switching device provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second housing in the aperture switching device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 9 A first embodiment of the rotor in the aperture switching device provided in this application is shown in the figure.

[0028] Figure 10 A second embodiment of the rotor in the aperture switching device provided in this application is shown in the figure.

[0029] Figure 11 A third embodiment of the rotor in the aperture switching device provided in this application is shown in the figure.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Housing shell; 101-First housing shell; 102-Second housing shell; 103-First buffer pad; 104-Second buffer pad; 11-Light transmission hole; 12-Mounting part; 121-Guide groove; 20-Aperture assembly; 21-Light shield; 211-Slide groove; 22-First light-transmitting hole; 23-Second light-transmitting hole; 30-Electromagnetic drive assembly; 31-Stator section; 311-Armature; 312-Winding section; 313-Pole ring section; 314-Notch; 315-Coil; 32-Rotor; 321-Shaft; 33-Push rod; 331-Connecting part; 332-Slider; 40 - First feedback component; 41 - Induction magnet; 42 - Induction switch; 50 - Second feedback component; 51 - First Hall element; 52 - Second Hall element. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0032] To make the description of this disclosure more detailed and complete, illustrative descriptions of the implementation methods and specific embodiments of this application are provided below; however, this is not the only form of implementing or utilizing the specific embodiments of this application. The implementation methods cover the features of multiple specific embodiments and the method steps and their order for constructing and operating these specific embodiments. However, other specific embodiments can also be used to achieve the same or equivalent functions and step sequences. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The word "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more. Other quantifiers should be understood similarly. The preferred embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0035] In imaging systems, such as automotive head-up displays, cameras, and camcorders, it is often necessary to adjust the amount of light entering the system by changing the aperture to control depth of field, exposure, or suppress glare, thereby optimizing imaging performance. As imaging technology demands increasing reliability and adaptability, existing aperture switching structures have gradually revealed many shortcomings in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the needs of different scenarios.

[0036] Currently, the common adjustment method is to use a power unit to drive a switchable light-blocking plate assembly or a mechanical variable aperture composed of multiple blades. The power unit drives the plate to move in and out of the optical path or to open and close the blades to achieve the switching of different light transmission states. However, since the light-blocking plate is directly exposed to the external environment for a long time, it is prone to moisture absorption, which leads to the degradation of optical performance and affects the long-term reliability of the system.

[0037] On the other hand, both the light-blocking plate switching and the mechanical variable aperture solution require a dedicated light-sensing module to identify and provide feedback on the current light transmission status in real time, which increases the complexity and manufacturing cost of the system to some extent, and makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and stability of aperture switching.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1-11 This application provides an aperture switching device, which drives the light-blocking plate 21 to translate through the electromagnetic drive component 30 to switch the light-transmitting aperture. Combined with the magnetic force between the permanent magnet ring and the armature 311, the position is maintained after power is cut off, ensuring the accuracy and stability of aperture switching.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the aperture switching device provided in the embodiments of this application. The aperture switching device provided in this application includes a housing 10, an aperture assembly 20 disposed in the housing 10, and an electromagnetic drive assembly 30 for driving the aperture assembly 20 to move.

[0040] Specifically, the housing 10 provides a stable mounting space for the internal aperture assembly 20 and electromagnetic drive assembly 30, preventing the internal components of the housing 10 from being directly exposed to the external environment and reducing the impact of dust and moisture on the performance of each component.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the aperture switching device provided in this application, showing the state of the small hole. The aperture assembly 20 provided in this application includes a light shield 21, and two light-transmitting holes of different sizes are provided on the light shield 21. The light shield 21 is driven to perform translational movement by the electromagnetic drive assembly 30, so that the light-transmitting holes of different sizes are aligned with the light-transmitting holes 11 on the housing 10, thereby realizing the switching of the light transmission area.

[0042] Further, please refer to Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic drive assembly 30 in the aperture switching device provided in this application embodiment. The electromagnetic drive assembly 30 includes a stator 31 and a rotor 32. The stator 31 includes an armature 311 and a coil 315 wound on the armature 311. The coil 315 is evenly wound on the side wall of the armature 311. The armature 311 enhances the magnetic field strength generated by the coil 315 after it is energized. The rotor 32 is a permanent magnet ring that can rotate relative to the stator 31. The permanent magnet ring is connected to the light shield 21 through the push rod 33.

[0043] In this embodiment, by passing current in different directions through coil 315, an induced magnetic field interacting with the permanent magnet ring will be formed in armature 311 according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. The polarity of this induced magnetic field is related to the direction of the current. By changing the direction of the current in coil 315, the polarity of the induced magnetic field can be reversed. This application uses the magnetic force between the induced magnetic field and the permanent magnet ring to drive rotor 32 to rotate in the forward or reverse direction. The rotational motion of rotor 32 is converted into the translational motion of light shield 21 through push rod 33, thereby realizing the switching between two light-transmitting holes of different sizes.

[0044] As an optional implementation, the permanent magnet ring is provided with a rotating shaft 321 to ensure that the permanent magnet ring can rotate around the rotating shaft 321 and avoid radial offset or axial movement during rotation. In this application, a connecting part 331 is provided on the side of the push rod 33 near the permanent magnet ring. The rotating shaft 321 is provided through the connecting part 331 to drive the push rod 33 to rotate coaxially with the permanent magnet ring.

[0045] Correspondingly, this application provides a slider 332 on the side of the push rod 33 near the light shield 21, and a groove 211 is provided on the light shield 21 to slide with the slider 332. The slider 332 is embedded in the groove 211 and does not detach from the groove 211. When the push rod 33 rotates with the permanent magnet ring, the slider 332 will slide in the groove 211, converting the arc swing motion of the push rod 33 into the translational motion of the light shield 21 in a preset direction, thereby realizing the switching between the first light-transmitting hole 22 and the second light-transmitting hole 23.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the electromagnetic drive component 30 in the aperture switching device provided in this application embodiment. The armature 311 provided in this application includes a winding part 312 and a pole ring part 313 connected to each other. The winding part 312 is in the shape of a hollow rectangular frame. The coil 315 is evenly and tightly wound on the side wall of the winding part 312 to ensure that the induced magnetic field generated after the coil 315 is energized can be smoothly conducted to the pole ring part 313.

[0047] Furthermore, an annular region adapted to the permanent magnet ring is provided inside the pole ring portion 313. The inner diameter of the annular region is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the permanent magnet ring, with only a small rotation gap reserved, so that the permanent magnet ring can be rotatably accommodated in the annular region, avoiding radial offset or shaking during the rotation of the permanent magnet ring.

[0048] Based on this, this application provides a notch 314 at the end of the pole ring portion 313 away from the winding portion 312. When the coil 315 is energized, the induced magnetic field will concentrate on both sides of the notch 314 to form a driving magnetic pole, thereby generating an attractive or repulsive force with the inherent magnetic pole of the permanent magnet ring, driving the permanent magnet ring to rotate.

[0049] It is understandable that if the notch 314 is not provided, the induced magnetic field generated by the coil 315 after being energized will be evenly distributed along the annular region, making it difficult to generate a directional driving force on the permanent magnet ring; however, by providing the notch 314, the transmission path of the induced magnetic field is blocked at the notch 314, resulting in the induced magnetic field concentrating on both sides of the notch 314 to form two driving magnetic poles with opposite polarities.

[0050] When current in different directions is applied to coil 315, the polarity of the induced magnetic field generated by winding part 312 will change accordingly. After being conducted through pole ring part 313, the polarity of the driving magnetic poles on both sides of notch 314 will also reverse synchronously, and the direction of the interaction force between the driving magnetic poles and the inherent magnetic poles of permanent magnet ring will change in the opposite direction. Ultimately, the permanent magnet ring is driven to rotate in the forward or reverse direction, which effectively improves the power output efficiency and response speed of electromagnetic drive assembly 30.

[0051] As an optional implementation method, please refer to Figure 3This is a structural diagram of the aperture switching device provided in this application, showing the large aperture state. The light-transmitting holes provided in this application include a first light-transmitting hole 22 and a second light-transmitting hole 23 arranged along the translational direction of the light-shielding plate 21. A fixed light-transmitting hole 11 is provided on the housing 10. The center of the light-transmitting hole 11 is set on the same horizontal line as the center of the first light-transmitting hole 22 and the second light-transmitting hole 23. This ensures that when the first light-transmitting hole 22 or the second light-transmitting hole 23 corresponds to the light-transmitting hole 11, that is, when the center of the first light-transmitting hole 22 or the second light-transmitting hole 23 coincides with the center of the light-transmitting hole 11, the light can propagate along the preset optical axis, avoiding the deviation of the light propagation path.

[0052] Specifically, the diameter of the first light-transmitting hole 22 is smaller than the diameter of the light-transmitting hole 11, and the diameter of the second light-transmitting hole 23 is larger than the diameter of the light-transmitting hole 11. When the light-shielding plate 21 is moved to the first position, the light-transmitting hole 11 corresponds to the first light-transmitting hole 22. Since the diameter of the first light-transmitting hole 22 is smaller than the diameter of the light-transmitting hole 11, only a portion of the light beam is allowed to pass through, and the remaining light beam is blocked by the light-shielding plate 21, as shown below. Figure 2 The state of the small hole is shown.

[0053] Furthermore, when the light-shielding plate 21 is moved to the second position, the light-transmitting hole 11 corresponds to the second light-passing hole 23. Since the aperture of the second light-passing hole 23 is larger than the aperture of the light-transmitting hole 11, the light beam from the light-transmitting hole 11 can pass through the second light-passing hole 23 completely and without obstruction, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 The large hole state is shown.

[0054] It should be noted that the direction of current flowing through coil 315 depends on the winding sequence of coil 315. In one optional embodiment, please refer to... Figure 2 With the side of the winding part 312 closest to the pole ring part 313 as the input end and the side of the winding part 312 away from the pole ring part 313 as the output end, a coil 315 is set to be wound clockwise. When the output end is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the input end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, an induced magnetic field will be formed on the armature 311. This induced magnetic field will be concentrated on both sides of the notch 314 of the pole ring part 313 to form driving magnetic poles.

[0055] According to the configuration of this application embodiment, the pole ring portion 313 of the permanent magnet ring near the light-transmitting hole 11 is presented as the S pole, while the side away from the light-transmitting hole 11 is presented as the N pole. At this time, the inherent magnetic field of the permanent magnet ring itself will interact with the aforementioned driving magnetic pole, driving the permanent magnet ring to rotate. This rotation action is further converted into the translational motion of the light-shielding plate 21 by the push rod 33, switching the current large hole state to the small hole state.

[0056] Conversely, when it is necessary to switch from the small hole state to the large hole state, the negative terminal of the outgoing wire and the positive terminal of the incoming wire need to be connected, so that the polarity of the driving magnetic poles on both sides of the notch 314 of the pole ring 313 is reversed. The reversed driving magnetic poles will interact with the inherent magnetic field of the permanent magnet ring, driving the permanent magnet ring to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby moving the light shield 21 to the second position.

[0057] Thus, this application achieves rapid switching between small-hole and large-hole states by simply controlling the current direction of coil 315, without relying on complex mechanical structures, and achieves a faster response speed.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the first light-transmitting hole 22 is configured as a circular hole structure, and the second light-transmitting hole 23 is configured as a rectangular structure. Of course, as long as it is possible to achieve the requirement that the aperture of the first light-transmitting hole 22 is smaller than the aperture of the light-transmitting hole 11, and the aperture of the second light-transmitting hole 23 is larger than the aperture of the light-transmitting hole 11, ensuring that only part of the light is allowed to pass through the light-transmitting hole 11 and be emitted through the first light-transmitting hole 22 in the small hole state, and that the light can completely pass through the light-transmitting hole 11 and be emitted through the second light-transmitting hole 23 in the large hole state, the specific shape and structure of the first light-transmitting hole 22 and the second light-transmitting hole 23 are not limited here.

[0059] As an optional implementation, this application also provides a first feedback component 40 for feedback on whether the light shield 21 has moved to the first position, that is, the first feedback component 40 determines whether the current state is the small hole state.

[0060] Specifically, the first feedback component 40 includes a sensing magnet 41 disposed on the light shield 21 and close to the first light-transmitting hole 22, and a sensing switch 42 disposed on the housing 10 corresponding to the sensing magnet 41 when the light shield 21 moves to the first position.

[0061] Optionally, the inductive switch 42 can be set as a reed switch or a Hall sensor. When the light shield 21 is moved horizontally under the drive of the electromagnetic drive assembly 30, so that the first light-transmitting hole 22 is aligned with the light-transmitting hole 11 of the housing 10, the inductive magnet 41 fixed on the light shield 21 also moves synchronously into the sensing area of ​​the inductive switch 42. The constant magnetic field generated by the inductive magnet 41 will trigger the inductive switch 42, so that the reed switch contacts close or the output level of the Hall element changes, realizing the status feedback that the light shield 21 has reached the first position.

[0062] Compared to the feedback method that relies on the light sensor module in the existing solution, the magnetic control feedback structure of the induction magnet 41 and the induction switch 42 does not rely on the light environment and is not affected by external lighting conditions such as strong light and weak light. It has higher working stability and does not require additional configuration of light sensor module and supporting signal processing circuit, which effectively reduces the hardware cost and circuit complexity of the system. It also does not occupy too much internal space of the housing 10 during assembly.

[0063] Furthermore, this application also provides a second feedback component 50 for feedback on whether the light shield 21 has moved to the second position, that is, the second feedback component 50 determines whether the current state is the large hole state.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure in the aperture switching device provided in this application embodiment. The housing 10 provided in this application includes a first housing 101 and a second housing 102 corresponding to the first housing 101. The aperture assembly 20 and the electromagnetic drive assembly 30 are disposed in the internal cavity formed by the first housing 101 and the second housing 102.

[0065] Furthermore, the second feedback component 50 includes a first Hall element 51 disposed on the light shield 21 and near the second light-transmitting hole 23, and a second Hall element 52 disposed on the housing 10 corresponding to the first Hall element 51 when the light shield 21 moves to the second position.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing in the aperture switching device provided in the embodiment of this application. In this application, the first Hall element 51 is disposed on the light shield 21 near the second light-transmitting hole 23, and the second Hall element 52 is disposed on the first housing 101.

[0067] Thus, through the cooperation of the first Hall element 51 and the second Hall element 52, when the light shield 21 moves to the second position and the second light-transmitting hole 23 aligns with the light-transmitting hole 11 of the housing 10, the first Hall element 51 fixed on the light shield 21 also moves synchronously into the sensing area of ​​the second Hall element 52 on the first housing 101. Based on the Hall effect, the second Hall element 52 will output a level transition to realize the status feedback that the light shield 21 has reached the second position.

[0068] As an optional implementation method, please continue to refer to Figure 2 In this application, a mounting portion 12 is recessed in the housing 10, and a light-transmitting hole 11 is opened on the mounting portion 12. Two parallel guide grooves 121 are provided on the side of the mounting portion 12 near the light shield 21 along the translational direction of the light shield 21, and the two side edges of the light shield 21 are slidably embedded in the two guide grooves 121.

[0069] In this embodiment, the light-transmitting hole 11 is preferably located in the central area of ​​the mounting portion 12. To ensure that the light-shielding plate 21 moves smoothly during translation, two parallel guide grooves 121 are provided on the side of the mounting portion 12 near the light-shielding plate 21 along the translation direction of the light-shielding plate 21. The upper and lower edges of the light-shielding plate 21 are embedded in the guide grooves 121. The guide grooves 121 guide and limit the translation movement of the light-shielding plate 21, ensuring that the light-shielding plate 21 can only move on a preset straight path. This avoids misalignment or displacement of the light-shielding plate 21 during movement, which could lead to misalignment between the light-transmitting hole and the light-transmitting hole 11 and unstable light transmission.

[0070] Preferably, to reduce the impact noise generated by the push rod 33 colliding with the inner wall of the housing 10, please refer to... Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second housing in the aperture switching device provided in this application embodiment. The application also provides a first buffer pad 103 and a second buffer pad 104 inside the housing 10. Specifically, the first buffer pad 103 is set in the first position, which is the contact position between the push rod 33 and the inner wall of the second housing 102. The second buffer pad 104 is set in the second position, which is the contact position between the push rod 33 and the inner wall of the second housing 102. Thus, when the light shield 21 is moved to the first position, the push rod 33 will abut against the first buffer pad 103. When the light shield 21 is moved to the second position, the push rod 33 will abut against the second buffer pad 104.

[0071] For example, the first buffer pad 103 and the second buffer pad 104 can be set as foam or other elastic buffer materials with a thickness of 0.5mm, thereby reducing the impact noise between the push rod 33 and the second housing 102, improving the user experience, and reducing the wear or micro-deformation caused by long-term repeated impacts in the corresponding areas of the push rod 33 and the second housing 102, thereby improving the service life of the device.

[0072] In this embodiment, when the light-shielding plate 21 moves to the first position or the second position and the coil 315 is de-energized, the magnetic force between the permanent magnet ring and the armature 311 can maintain the light-shielding plate 21 in the current position.

[0073] It should be noted that the magnetic force between the permanent magnet ring and the armature 311 made of soft magnetic material is a unidirectional, continuous magnetic force that tends to minimize the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit. In principle, this magnetic force is similar to the cogging force of a BLDCM (Brushless Direct Current Motor). The cogging force originates from the periodic tooth structure in the motor, which keeps the rotor 32 locked in a specific position when there is no power supply.

[0074] In this application, there is no toothed structure between the permanent magnet ring and the pole ring 313. Therefore, the magnetic force it receives is a unidirectional, continuous magnetic force, rather than a periodically changing one. Furthermore, the permanent magnet ring itself has two poles, N and S, with a non-magnetic neutral line between them. When it is located inside the armature 311, it will instinctively tend to be in the position of minimum magnetic resistance. This tendency will be converted into a continuous positioning magnetic force.

[0075] When the coil 315 is energized, it drives the permanent magnet ring to rotate. When the push rod 33 moves the light shield 21 to the first or second position, the permanent magnet ring also rotates synchronously to a specific angle. At this time, when the coil 315 is de-energized, the induced magnetic field and the corresponding driving magnetic pole will also disappear. However, the interaction between the permanent magnet ring's own constant magnetic field and the soft magnetic armature 311 still exists, which will lock the permanent magnet ring in this position. The light shield 21 will also be synchronously maintained in the current first or second position.

[0076] As an optional implementation method, please refer to Figures 9 to 11 ,in Figure 9 This is a first embodiment diagram of the rotor 32 in the aperture switching device provided in this application. Figure 10 This is a second embodiment diagram of the rotor 32 in the aperture switching device provided in this application. Figure 11 This is a third embodiment of the rotor 32 in the aperture switching device provided in this application.

[0077] Specifically, in Figure 9 The permanent magnet ring is in an equilibrium position where it is not subject to any force. After energization, the permanent magnet ring rotates under the influence of the induced magnetic field generated by coil 315, causing the permanent magnet ring to rotate counterclockwise from its equilibrium position. Figure 10 As shown, at this time, the N pole of the permanent magnet ring is far away from the gap 314, while the S pole is close to the gap 314.

[0078] When the coil 315 is de-energized, the induced magnetic field and the driving magnetic pole will disappear. However, the interaction between the constant magnetic field of the permanent magnet ring itself and the soft magnetic armature 311 still exists. It is in a state where the magnetic resistance is close to the minimum, so a unidirectional continuous magnetic force will be generated to lock the permanent magnet ring in this position.

[0079] Similarly, such as Figure 11 As shown, when a current in the opposite direction is applied to the coil 315, the permanent magnet ring rotates under the influence of the induced magnetic field generated by the coil 315, causing the permanent magnet ring to rotate clockwise from the equilibrium position. At this time, the S pole of the permanent magnet ring is far away from the gap 314, while the N pole is close to the gap 314.

[0080] When the coil 315 is de-energized, the induced magnetic field and the driving magnetic pole will disappear. However, the interaction between the constant magnetic field of the permanent magnet ring itself and the soft magnetic armature 311 still exists. It is in a state where the magnetic resistance is close to the minimum, so a unidirectional continuous magnetic force will be generated to lock the permanent magnet ring in this position.

[0081] Furthermore, the unidirectional continuous magnetic force, compared to the periodically changing toothed positioning force, does not have periodic force fluctuations, and can more stably maintain the position of the light shield 21, ensuring the alignment accuracy of the light-transmitting hole and the light-transmitting hole 11, thereby ensuring stable imaging quality.

[0082] Preferably, when the light-shielding plate 21 switches between the first position and the second position, the rotation angle of the permanent magnet ring does not exceed 45°.

[0083] In this embodiment, when current in different directions is applied to the coil 315, an induced magnetic field is generated in the armature 311. The induced magnetic field forms driving magnetic poles on both sides of the notch 314 of the pole ring 313. The driving magnetic poles interact with the N and S poles of the permanent magnet ring, generating a magnetic force to drive the permanent magnet ring to rotate in the forward or reverse direction. At the same time, the permanent magnet ring is connected to the light shield 21 through the push rod 33. Its rotational motion is converted into the translational motion of the light shield 21 through the cooperation of the slider 332 and the groove 211. The smaller rotation angle can reduce the movement time of the permanent magnet ring, so that the coil 315 can quickly drive the light shield 21 to switch after being energized, which effectively improves the response speed of the device.

[0084] This application provides an aperture switching device that houses the aperture assembly and electromagnetic drive assembly inside the housing, avoiding the phenomenon of water absorption when the light shield is exposed to the external environment. The light shield has two light-transmitting holes of different sizes, reducing the difficulty of processing and assembly. The electromagnetic drive assembly includes a stator and a rotor that can rotate relative to the stator. The armature of the stator can enhance the magnetic field strength generated after the coil is energized. When currents of different directions are passed through the coil wound on the armature, an induced magnetic field is formed in the armature that interacts with the permanent magnet ring. The magnetic force between the induced magnetic field and the permanent magnet ring drives the rotor to rotate in the forward or reverse direction. At the same time, the permanent magnet ring is connected to the light shield through a push rod, converting the rotational motion of the rotor into the translational motion of the light shield, realizing the switching between the large aperture state and the small aperture state, and ensuring that the light-transmitting hole and the light-transmitting hole of the housing are accurately aligned.

[0085] Furthermore, this application utilizes the magnetic force of the interaction between the permanent magnet ring and the armature to achieve stable maintenance of the position of the light-shielding plate after power is cut off, without the need for continuous power supply or additional mechanical locking, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of aperture switching.

[0086] It is understood that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0087] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0088] In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. This description is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An aperture switching device, characterized in that, It includes a housing, an aperture assembly disposed within the housing, and an electromagnetic drive assembly for driving the aperture assembly to move; The aperture assembly includes a light-shielding plate, which has two light-transmitting holes of different sizes. The electromagnetic drive assembly includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes an armature and a coil wound on the armature. The rotor is a permanent magnet ring that can rotate relative to the stator. The permanent magnet ring is connected to the light shield via a push rod. In this process, by passing current in different directions through the coil, an induced magnetic field is formed in the armature that interacts with the permanent magnet ring. The magnetic force between the induced magnetic field and the permanent magnet ring is used to drive the rotor to rotate in the forward or reverse direction. The rotational motion of the rotor is converted into the translational motion of the light-shielding plate through the push rod.

2. The aperture switching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet ring is provided with a rotating shaft, and the push rod has a connecting part protruding on the side near the permanent magnet ring. The rotating shaft is provided through the connecting part so that the push rod and the permanent magnet ring can rotate coaxially. A slider is provided on the side of the push rod near the light-shielding plate, and a groove is provided on the light-shielding plate to slide with the slider, with the slider embedded in the groove.

3. The aperture switching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The armature includes a winding section and a pole ring section that are connected to each other. The winding section is in the shape of a hollow rectangular frame, and the coil is wound around the side wall of the winding section. The pole ring portion has an annular region inside that is adapted to the permanent magnet ring, and the permanent magnet ring is rotatably accommodated within the annular region; The pole ring portion has a notch at one end away from the winding portion. The notch is used to form driving magnetic poles on both sides of the notch when the coil is energized. The rotor is driven to rotate in the forward or reverse direction by the magnetic force between the driving magnetic poles and the permanent magnet ring.

4. The aperture switching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting holes include a first light-transmitting hole and a second light-transmitting hole arranged along the translational direction of the light-shielding plate; The housing is provided with a light-transmitting hole, the center of which is located on the same horizontal line as the center of the first light-transmitting hole and the second light-transmitting hole. The diameter of the first light-transmitting hole is smaller than the diameter of the light-transmitting hole, and the diameter of the second light-transmitting hole is larger than the diameter of the light-transmitting hole. Specifically, when the light-shielding plate is moved to the first position, the light-transmitting hole corresponds to the first light-passing hole; when the light-shielding plate is moved to the second position, the light-transmitting hole corresponds to the second light-passing hole.

5. The aperture switching device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a first feedback component for providing feedback on whether the light shield has moved to the first position; The first feedback component includes an inductive magnet disposed on the light-shielding plate and close to the first light-transmitting hole, and an inductive switch disposed on the housing corresponding to the inductive magnet when the light-shielding plate moves to the first position.

6. The aperture switching device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a second feedback component for providing feedback on whether the light shield has moved to the second position; The second feedback component includes a first Hall element disposed on the light shield and near the second light-transmitting hole, and a second Hall element disposed on the housing corresponding to the first Hall element when the light shield moves to the second position.

7. The aperture switching device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The housing has a recessed mounting portion, and the light-transmitting hole is formed on the mounting portion; The mounting part has two parallel guide grooves on the side near the light-shielding plate along the translational direction of the light-shielding plate, and the two side edges of the light-shielding plate are slidably embedded in the two guide grooves.

8. The aperture switching device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The housing is provided with a first buffer pad and a second buffer pad; When the light-shielding plate is moved to the first position, the push rod abuts against the first buffer pad; when the light-shielding plate is moved to the second position, the push rod abuts against the second buffer pad.

9. The aperture switching device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the light-shielding plate moves to the first position or the second position and the coil is de-energized, the magnetic force between the permanent magnet ring and the armature is used to maintain the light-shielding plate in its current position.

10. The aperture switching device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the light-shielding plate switches between the first position and the second position, the rotation angle of the permanent magnet ring does not exceed 45°.

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