Electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable and a preparation method thereof. The electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable comprises a cable core, and the cable core is sequentially coated with a mineral filling layer, an outer shielding layer and an outer sheath layer. The cable core comprises at least one wire core, the wire core comprises a conductor layer, an inner insulating layer, an inner shielding layer, a middle shielding layer and an inner sheath layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the conductor layer is formed by twisting a plurality of tinned copper flexible wires. According to the electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable provided by the invention, through the arrangement of the inner shielding layer, the middle shielding layer and the outer shielding layer, a'reflection-absorption-shielding 'cooperative shielding mechanism is constructed, and the three shielding layers cooperate to suppress broadband electromagnetic interference, so that the electromagnetic interference can be strictly limited in the cable and prevented from being diffused outwards, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the cable is improved. Meanwhile, external electromagnetic interference can be prevented from invading the cable, and the electromagnetic compatibility of a photovoltaic system and the surrounding environment is remarkably enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cables, in particular to an electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The photovoltaic cable is a key component for connecting photovoltaic modules and inverters in a photovoltaic power generation system to transmit direct current, and its performance directly affects the efficiency and safety of the entire system. Since the photovoltaic system is usually exposed to outdoor environments for a long time, the photovoltaic cable needs to have good weather resistance, ultraviolet resistance, flame resistance and other characteristics to cope with complex working conditions such as high temperature, humidity and chemical corrosion. In recent years, with the continuous growth of photovoltaic installed capacity and the improvement of system voltage level, higher requirements are put forward for the comprehensive performance of the cable.

[0003] During the operation of the photovoltaic system, the transmission of high-power direct current will produce a certain degree of electromagnetic radiation. If there is a lack of effective shielding measures, such radiation not only may pose a potential threat to the health of the surrounding human body, but also may cause electromagnetic interference to the adjacent electronic equipment and communication system, affecting the signal transmission quality and normal operation of the equipment. Especially in residential areas or electronic equipment-intensive stations, such interference problems are more prominent. Therefore, the photovoltaic cable with excellent electromagnetic shielding function has become an important means to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility of the system and improve the operation reliability.

[0004] The photovoltaic cable in the prior art often does not fully pay attention to the electromagnetic shielding problem in the structure design and material selection. Most traditional products lack a special shielding layer or have limited shielding effect, and it is difficult to effectively suppress electromagnetic interference. In addition, some shielding structures that have been applied have problems such as high cost, complex process, poor flexibility or insufficient environmental adaptability, which limits their large-scale popularization and application. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable and a preparation method thereof to solve the problem of poor electromagnetic shielding performance of the photovoltaic cable in the prior art.

[0006] The present application provides an electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable, which comprises a cable core, and the cable core is sequentially covered with a mineral filler layer, an outer shielding layer and an outer sheath layer. The cable core comprises at least one wire core, and the wire core comprises a conductor layer, an inner insulation layer, an inner shielding layer, an intermediate shielding layer and an inner sheath layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the conductor layer is formed by twisting a plurality of tinned copper soft wires.

[0007] Optionally, the inner insulation layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: base resin 100, halogen-free flame retardant 60-80, antioxidant 0.3-0.8, light stabilizer 0.5-1.0, processing aid 0.5-1.5. The base resin is a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene, with a mass ratio of 1: (1-2). The halogen-free flame retardant is a magnesium hydroxide-aluminum hydroxide compound system, with a mass ratio of 1:1. The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010. The light stabilizer is UV-531. The processing aid is zinc stearate.

[0008] Optionally, the inner shielding layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene 100, nano-silver plated copper powder 220-280, polyethylene wax 3-5.

[0009] Optionally, the intermediate shielding layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: butyronitrile rubber 100, graphene nanosheet 15-25, carbonyl iron powder 100-130, dioctyl phthalate 8-12, sulfur 1.5-2.5.

[0010] Optionally, the inner sheath layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: chlorobutyl rubber 100, flame retardant 15-25, reinforcing agent 20-30, plasticizer 5-8, antioxidant 1-2. The flame retardant is a mixture of decabromodiphenyl ethane and antimony trioxide, with a ratio of 1:2. The reinforcing agent is carbon black N550. The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate. The antioxidant is antioxidant RD.

[0011] Optionally, the mineral filler layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: methyl vinyl silicone rubber 100, porcelain-forming filler 120-150, flame retardant 1-3. The porcelain-forming filler is a compound of mica powder, magnesium hydroxide and glass powder, and the flame retardant is a platinum gold flame retardant.

[0012] Optionally, the outer shielding layer is woven from nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composite yarn.

[0013] Optionally, the outer sheath layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer copolymer 100, nitrogen-phosphorus intumescent flame retardant 35-45, antioxidant 0.5-1.0, light stabilizer 0.8-1.5, polycaprolactone 3-5.

[0014] The application also provides a preparation method for the electromagnetic shielding photovoltaic cable, comprising the following steps: S1: conductor stranding: a plurality of tinned copper wires are stranded to form a conductor layer.

[0015] S2: Extruded Irradiation Crosslinked Inner Insulation Layer: The inner insulation layer material is extruded onto the conductor layer through an extrusion die, then crosslinked by an electron irradiation crosslinking device, and finally water-cooled to form an insulated wire core.

[0016] S3: Extruded inner shielding layer: The inner shielding layer material is extruded onto the outer surface of the insulated wire core through an extrusion coating process and then water-cooled for shaping.

[0017] S4: Co-extruded intermediate shielding layer: Using a double-layer co-extrusion machine, nitrile rubber compound rich in graphene and nitrile rubber compound rich in carbonyl iron powder are co-extruded and wrapped around the inner shielding layer through a gradient composite die. Then, it is vulcanized and shaped through a continuous vulcanization pipeline to form a gradient absorption shielding layer.

[0018] S5: Extruded inner sheath layer: The inner sheath layer material is extruded onto the outside of the core and then vulcanized and shaped.

[0019] S6: Cable forming and wrapping: at least one core obtained in the previous step is twisted together to form a cable core, and mineral filling material is wrapped around it simultaneously during the twisting process to form a mineral filling layer.

[0020] S7: Braided outer shielding layer: Outside the mineral filling layer, a composite filament made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is braided with a braiding density of not less than 90% to form an outer shielding layer.

[0021] S8: Extruded outer sheath layer: The outer sheath material is extruded onto the outer shielding layer and then water-cooled and shaped to obtain an electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable.

[0022] Optionally, the crosslinking dose of electron irradiation in S2 is 140-160 kGy. The extrusion temperature of the double-layer co-extrusion in S4 is controlled at 75-85℃, and the vulcanization pipe temperature is 180-200℃. A 16-spindle or 24-spindle high-speed braiding machine is used for weaving in S7.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable provided by this invention are as follows: by setting an inner shielding layer, a middle shielding layer and an outer shielding layer, a synergistic shielding mechanism of "reflection-absorption-shielding" is constructed. The synergistic effect between the three shielding layers achieves the suppression of broadband electromagnetic interference. It can not only strictly limit electromagnetic interference inside the cable and prevent it from spreading outward, but also resist external electromagnetic interference from intruding into the cable, which significantly enhances the electromagnetic compatibility of the photovoltaic system with the surrounding environment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the core in an electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Cable core, 2-Mineral filling layer, 3-Outer shielding layer, 4-Outer sheath layer, 11-Wire core, 12-Conductor layer, 13-Inner insulation layer, 14-Inner shielding layer, 15-Intermediate shielding layer, 16-Inner sheath layer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable, comprising a cable core 1, which is sequentially covered with a mineral filling layer 2, an outer shielding layer 3, and an outer sheath layer 4. The cable core 1 includes at least one conductor 11, which includes a conductor layer 12, an inner insulation layer 13, an inner shielding layer 14, an intermediate shielding layer 15, and an inner sheath layer 16 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The conductor layer 12 is formed by twisting together multiple tinned copper wires.

[0029] The electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable consists of, from the inside out, a cable core 1, a mineral-filled layer 2, an outer shielding layer 3, and an outer sheath layer 4. The cable core 1 is the main component for power transmission, while the other components provide protection for it. Specifically, the innermost conductor layer 12 of the cable core 1 is responsible for power transmission. This conductor layer 12 is formed by twisting together multiple tin-plated copper wires. The tin-plated copper wires possess beneficial conductivity, flexibility, and resistance to bending fatigue, ensuring long-term, reliable current transport. The inner insulation layer 13 provides excellent electrical insulation and also improves the cable's high-temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and aging resistance. The inner shielding layer 14 provides excellent electromagnetic wave reflection performance, while the intermediate shielding layer 15 absorbs electromagnetic waves that penetrate the inner layers and fills shielding gaps. The inner sheath layer 16 is used to bundle and shape the cable core 1, providing initial mechanical protection and flame-retardant isolation. The mineral-filled layer 2 is mainly used to improve the cable's high-temperature resistance. The outer shielding layer 3 covers the outside of the mineral-filled layer 2, providing comprehensive electromagnetic shielding for the photovoltaic cable while also improving its tensile strength and resistance to crushing and scratching. The outer sheath layer 4 is the final protective layer, providing excellent weather resistance for the entire cable, thereby extending its service life.

[0030] Further, the inner insulation layer 13 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts base resin, 60-80 parts halogen-free flame retardant, 0.3-0.8 parts antioxidant, 0.5-1.0 parts light stabilizer, and 0.5-1.5 parts processing aid. The base resin is a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2). The halogen-free flame retardant is a compound system of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide in a mass ratio of 1:1. The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010. The light stabilizer is UV-531. The processing aid is zinc stearate.

[0031] The base resin in the inner insulation layer 13 provides the cable with toughness and mechanical strength. Specifically, the toughness of the cable material is provided by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the mechanical strength is provided by linear low-density polyethylene. The compound of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide acts as a flame retardant. When the cable is heated, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide decompose, absorbing heat and thus lowering the temperature around the cable, thereby delaying combustion. Simultaneously, the decomposition of these two hydroxides produces water vapor and an oxide layer. The water vapor dilutes flammable gases in the environment, while the magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide layers adhere to the outside of the conductor layer 12, thus isolating the conductor layer 12 from the external environment.

[0032] In the preparation of the inner insulation layer 13, the material first needs to be premixed. All components of the inner insulation layer 13 are added to a high-speed mixer in proportion and mixed at 80-100℃ for 5-10 minutes to ensure uniform mixing. The premixed material is then fed into a twin-screw extruder, where it undergoes melting, shearing, and mixing to ensure uniform dispersion of the components. Finally, the melt extruded from the die head is cooled, dried, and then granulated into uniform granular masterbatch of the inner insulation layer 13. This masterbatch can be directly used in subsequent cable manufacturing.

[0033] Furthermore, the inner shielding layer 14 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 220-280 parts nano-silver-plated copper powder, and 3-5 parts polyethylene wax.

[0034] The preparation of the inner shielding layer 14 first requires the preparation of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene. In preparing this component, low-density polyethylene particles, maleic anhydride monomers, and a small amount of dicumyl peroxide initiator are first mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer. Then, the mixture is fed into a twin-screw extruder. Under the high temperature and shearing action of the extruder, the initiator decomposes to generate free radicals. These free radicals create active sites on the polyethylene molecular chains, and the maleic anhydride monomers are grafted onto these active sites. After grafting, granulation is performed to obtain the maleic anhydride polyethylene material. Then, the complete inner shielding layer 14 raw material can be prepared. In this preparation, maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene particles, silver-plated copper powder, and polyethylene wax are added to a twin-screw extruder in a specific ratio and melt-blended at 160-175℃ to ensure the nanoparticles are fully coated and dispersed by the polymer. Finally, granulation yields the inner shielding layer 14 raw material. The amount of dicumyl peroxide initiator is 0.2%-0.4% of the weight of the low-density polyethylene.

[0035] In the inner shielding layer 14, the silver-plated copper powder overlaps with each other to form a continuous conductive mesh structure, thereby reflecting the incident electromagnetic waves. The anhydride groups in the maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene increase the polarity, which can generate strong interaction with the silver-plated copper powder and chemical bonding or van der Waals forces with the inner and outer polyolefin layers and rubber layers, thereby improving the overall integrity of the cable.

[0036] Furthermore, the intermediate shielding layer 15 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 15-25 parts of graphene nanosheets, 100-130 parts of carbonyl iron powder, 8-12 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and 1.5-2.5 parts of sulfur.

[0037] The intermediate shielding layer 15 is specifically composed of two parts: a first absorption layer composed of nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate, sulfur, and graphene, and a second absorption layer composed of nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate, sulfur, and carbonyl iron powder. Its preparation method is as follows: first, nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate, and sulfur are mixed in an internal mixer to form a base rubber. Then, the resulting base rubber is divided into two halves. One half is mixed with all the graphene, then passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the first absorption layer. The other half is mixed with all the carbonyl iron powder, passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the second absorption layer. The intermediate shielding layer 15 is a gradient absorption shielding layer. Through the synergistic effect of its internal graphene-rich layer and carbonyl iron powder-rich layer, it provides dielectric loss and magnetic loss respectively, efficiently absorbing electromagnetic waves that penetrate the inner shielding layer and converting them into heat energy, achieving broadband high-efficiency electromagnetic absorption and filling the gaps in single-reflection shielding.

[0038] Furthermore, the inner sheath layer 16 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts chloroprene rubber, 15-25 parts flame retardant, 20-30 parts reinforcing agent, 5-8 parts plasticizer, and 1-2 parts antioxidant. The flame retardant is a mixture of decabromodiphenyl ethane and antimony trioxide in a ratio of 1:2. The reinforcing agent is carbon black N550. The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate. The antioxidant is antioxidant RD.

[0039] The function of the inner sheath layer 16 is to bundle and shape the cable core, providing preliminary mechanical protection and flame-retardant isolation for the cable. During the preparation of the raw materials for the inner sheath layer 16, all components are added to a mixing mill in proportion and mixed evenly at 60-80℃. The mixture is then discharged onto an open mill for refining, thinning, and sheeting, or granulated using an extruder, ultimately yielding the inner sheath layer 16 masterbatch.

[0040] Furthermore, the mineral filler layer 2 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 120-150 parts ceramic filler, and 1-3 parts flame retardant. The ceramic filler is a compound of mica powder, magnesium hydroxide, and glass powder, and the flame retardant is a platinum flame retardant.

[0041] When preparing the raw materials for the mineral filler layer 2, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, ceramic filler and flame retardant are added to a mixer and mixed evenly. Then, the mixture is pressed into a thin strip roll with a certain thickness and width by a calender.

[0042] The mineral-filled layer 2 is relatively flexible at room temperature, but it ceramicizes to form a hard protective shell when exposed to high temperatures, thus achieving fire resistance, water resistance, and oxygen isolation. Specifically, at high temperatures, the silicone rubber skeleton decomposes, and the ceramic filler melts and sinters, forming a continuous, dense, and hard ceramic body that wraps around the cable core and maintains the integrity of the line.

[0043] Furthermore, the outer shielding layer 3 is woven from a composite filament of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0044] The outer shielding layer 3 is made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. During preparation, nickel-plated carbon fiber bundles are unwound and passed together with molten thermoplastic polyurethane granules through a precision extrusion die. This allows the thermoplastic polyurethane to uniformly coat the exterior of each carbon fiber bundle. After cooling, the resulting thermoplastic polyurethane and carbon fiber composite filament is wound onto a spindle for weaving. The amount of nickel-plated carbon fiber accounts for 60%-70% of the total composite filament.

[0045] The outer shielding layer 3 possesses excellent properties such as high strength, high modulus, and corrosion resistance, as well as good flexibility and bending resistance. The metal plating in the outer shielding layer 3 provides reflective shielding, and when woven into a mesh structure, it can provide all-around electromagnetic shielding for the cable. The polyurethane coating layer provides cushioning, abrasion resistance, and adhesion, improving the cable's durability.

[0046] Furthermore, the outer sheath layer 4 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene and polyolefin elastomer copolymer, 35-45 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus intumescent flame retardant, 0.5-1.0 parts of antioxidant, 0.8-1.5 parts of light stabilizer, and 3-5 parts of polycaprolactone.

[0047] The outer sheath layer 4 is the final protective layer, providing the entire cable with excellent resistance to ultraviolet radiation, ozone, high and low temperatures, corrosion, and flame retardancy, ensuring the cable can be used normally and stably in harsh outdoor environments. The material of the outer sheath layer 4 is similar to that of the inner insulation layer 13. First, all material components are put into a high-speed mixer for premixing. Then, the premixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder for kneading and granulation to obtain the outer sheath layer 4 granules.

[0048] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable, comprising the following steps: S1: Conductor stranding: Multiple tin-plated copper wires are stranded together to form a conductor layer 12.

[0049] S2: Extrusion Irradiation Crosslinking Inner Insulation Layer: The inner insulation layer 13 is extruded onto the conductor layer 12 using an extrusion die, then crosslinked by an electron irradiation crosslinking device, and finally water-cooled to form an insulated wire core.

[0050] S3: Extruded inner shielding layer: The inner shielding layer 14 material is extruded onto the outer surface of the insulated wire core through an extrusion coating process and then water-cooled for shaping.

[0051] S4: Co-extruded intermediate shielding layer: Using a double-layer co-extrusion machine, nitrile rubber compound rich in graphene and nitrile rubber compound rich in carbonyl iron powder are co-extruded and wrapped around the inner shielding layer 14 through a gradient composite die. Then, it is vulcanized and shaped through a continuous vulcanization pipeline to form a gradient absorption shielding layer.

[0052] S5: Extruded inner sheath layer: The inner sheath layer 16 is extruded onto the outside of the core 11 and then vulcanized and shaped.

[0053] S6: Cable forming and wrapping: at least one core 11 obtained in step 5 is twisted together to form a cable core 1, and mineral filling layer 2 is wrapped around it simultaneously during the twisting process to form mineral filling layer 2.

[0054] S7: Braided outer shielding layer: Outside the mineral filling layer 2, a composite filament made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is braided with a braiding density of not less than 90% to form an outer shielding layer 3.

[0055] S8: Extruded outer sheath layer: The outer sheath layer 4 is extruded onto the outer shielding layer 3, and then water-cooled and shaped to obtain an electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable.

[0056] When preparing electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cables, first prepare the materials for each layer of the inner insulation layer 13, inner shielding layer 14, intermediate shielding layer 15, inner sheath layer 16, mineral filling layer 2, outer shielding layer 3 and outer sheath layer 4 according to the above content, and then you can prepare to prepare the electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable.

[0057] In the preparation process, the conductor layer 12 is first stranded: multiple tin-plated copper wires are stranded together using a stranding machine according to a standard stranding method. After stranding, the prepared inner insulation layer 13 raw material is fed into an extruder, dried, melted, and then the molten inner insulation layer 13 raw material is tightly extruded onto the conductor layer 12 through an extrusion die. After extrusion, it is cross-linked by electron irradiation and then cooled and shaped in a cooling water bath.

[0058] The raw material of the inner shielding layer 14 is fed into the No. 2 extruder. The molten raw material is extruded onto the outside of the inner insulation layer 13 using an extrusion coating process. No cross-linking is required. After coating, it can be water-cooled for shaping.

[0059] When coating the intermediate shielding layer 15, a double-layer co-extrusion machine is used, in which the first absorbent layer material is in the inner flow channel and the second absorbent layer is in the outer flow channel. After extrusion, the cable enters the high-temperature vulcanization channel for vulcanization, and then is water-cooled for shaping.

[0060] The cable material coated with the intermediate shielding layer 15 is passed through the No. 3 extruder, and then the inner sheath layer 16 raw material is fed in and extruded onto the outside of the intermediate shielding layer 15. After that, it is vulcanized through a vulcanization pipe, and then water-cooled and dried.

[0061] Select one or more conductors 11 as cable core 1 according to requirements, and then wrap a thin strip of mineral-filled layer 2 around the outside of cable core 1. When using one conductor 11 as cable core 1, simply wrap the thin strip of mineral-filled layer 2 around the outside of cable core 1. If multiple conductors 11 are used to form cable core 1, then use a cabling machine to twist the multiple conductors 11 into cable core 1, and wrap the thin strip simultaneously during the twisting process.

[0062] After the mineral filling layer 2 is wrapped around the cable core 1, the prepared outer shielding layer composite yarn is used as the braiding yarn by a braiding machine to braid it into a dense mesh tube with a coverage of more than 90%, which is tightly wrapped around the outside of the cable core.

[0063] Finally, the raw material of the outer sheath layer 4 is melted and extruded onto the outermost layer of the cable using the No. 4 extruder. After extrusion, the cable is cooled and shaped in a water tank, then air-dried and coiled to obtain the electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable.

[0064] Furthermore, the crosslinking dose of electron irradiation in S2 is 140-160 kGy. The extrusion temperature of the double-layer co-extrusion machine in S4 is controlled at 75-85℃, and the vulcanization pipe temperature is 180-200℃. A 16-spindle or 24-spindle high-speed braiding machine is used for weaving in S7.

[0065] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments: Example 1 An electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable includes a cable core 1, which is sequentially covered with a mineral filling layer 2, an outer shielding layer 3, and an outer sheath layer 4. The cable core 1 includes at least one conductor core 11, which includes a conductor layer 12, an inner insulation layer 13, an inner shielding layer 14, an intermediate shielding layer 15, and an inner sheath layer 16 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The conductor layer 12 is formed by twisting together multiple tinned copper wires.

[0066] The inner insulation layer 13 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts base resin, 60 parts halogen-free flame retardant, 0.3 parts antioxidant, 0.5 parts light stabilizer, and 0.5 parts processing aid. The base resin is a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene in a 1:1 mass ratio. The halogen-free flame retardant is a magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide compound system in a 1:1 mass ratio. The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010. The light stabilizer is UV-531. The processing aid is zinc stearate.

[0067] The raw material preparation process for the inner insulation layer 13 is as follows: All components of the inner insulation layer 13 are added to a high-speed mixer in proportion and mixed at 80°C for 5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing. The premixed material is then fed into a twin-screw extruder, where it undergoes melting, shearing, and mixing to ensure uniform dispersion of the components. Finally, the melt extruded from the die head is cooled, dried, and then cut into uniform granular masterbatch of the inner insulation layer 13 using a pelletizer.

[0068] The inner shielding layer 14 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 220 parts nano-silver-plated copper powder, and 3 parts polyethylene wax.

[0069] The preparation of the inner shielding layer 14 raw material first requires the preparation of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene: low-density polyethylene particles, maleic anhydride monomer, and a small amount of dicumyl peroxide initiator are mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer. This mixture is then fed into a twin-screw extruder for granulation. Next, maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene particles, silver-plated copper powder, and polyethylene wax are added to the twin-screw extruder in a specific ratio and melt-blended at 160°C to ensure the nanoparticles are fully coated and dispersed by the polymer. Finally, granulation yields the inner shielding layer 14 raw material.

[0070] The intermediate shielding layer 15 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 15 parts of graphene nanosheets, 100 parts of carbonyl iron powder, 8 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and 1.5 parts of sulfur.

[0071] In the preparation of the intermediate shielding layer 15, nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate, and sulfur are first mixed in an internal mixer to form a base rubber. Then, the base rubber is divided into two halves. One half is mixed with all of the graphene, then passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the first absorbent layer. The other half is mixed with all of the carbonyl iron powder, passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the second absorbent layer.

[0072] The inner sheath layer 16 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts chloroprene rubber, 15 parts flame retardant, 20 parts reinforcing agent, 5 parts plasticizer, and 1 part antioxidant. The flame retardant is a mixture of decabromodiphenyl ethane and antimony trioxide in a ratio of 1:2. The reinforcing agent is carbon black N550. The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate. The antioxidant is antioxidant RD.

[0073] When preparing the raw material for the inner sheath layer 16, all components are put into a mixer in proportion and mixed evenly at 60°C. Then the material is discharged onto an open mill for turning, thinning, and sheeting, or it is granulated through an extruder to finally obtain the masterbatch for the inner sheath layer 16.

[0074] The mineral filler layer 2 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 120 parts ceramic filler, and 1 part flame retardant. The ceramic filler is a compound of mica powder, magnesium hydroxide, and glass powder, and the flame retardant is a platinum flame retardant.

[0075] When preparing the raw materials for the mineral filler layer 2, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, ceramic filler and flame retardant are added to a mixer and mixed evenly. Then, the mixture is pressed into a thin strip roll with a certain thickness and width by a calender.

[0076] The outer shielding layer 3 is woven from a composite filament of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0077] The outer shielding layer 3 is made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. During preparation, nickel-plated carbon fiber yarn bundles are unwound and passed together with molten thermoplastic polyurethane granules through a precision extrusion coating die, so that the thermoplastic polyurethane uniformly coats the outside of each carbon fiber bundle. After cooling, it is made into thermoplastic polyurethane and carbon fiber composite filaments, which are then wound onto a spindle for weaving. The amount of nickel-plated carbon fiber accounts for 60% of the total composite filament.

[0078] The outer sheath layer 4 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene and polyolefin elastomer copolymer, 35 parts of nitrogen and phosphorus intumescent flame retardant, 0.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.8 parts of light stabilizer, and 3 parts of polycaprolactone.

[0079] The material of the outer sheath layer 4 is similar to that of the inner insulation layer 13. First, all material components are put into a high-speed mixer for premixing. Then, the premixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder for mixing and granulation to obtain the outer sheath layer 4 granules.

[0080] A method for preparing an electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable includes the following steps: S1: Conductor stranding: Multiple tin-plated copper wires are stranded together to form a conductor layer 12.

[0081] S2: Extrusion Irradiation Crosslinking Inner Insulation Layer: The inner insulation layer 13 is extruded onto the conductor layer 12 using an extrusion die, then crosslinked by an electron irradiation crosslinking device, and finally water-cooled to form an insulated wire core.

[0082] S3: Extruded inner shielding layer: The inner shielding layer 14 material is extruded onto the outer surface of the insulated wire core through an extrusion coating process and then water-cooled for shaping.

[0083] S4: Co-extruded intermediate shielding layer: Using a double-layer co-extrusion machine, the first absorbent layer material rich in graphene and the second absorbent layer material rich in carbonyl iron powder are co-extruded and wrapped around the inner shielding layer 14 through a gradient composite die. Then, the material is vulcanized and shaped through a continuous vulcanization pipeline to form a gradient absorption shielding layer.

[0084] S5: Extruded inner sheath layer: The inner sheath layer 16 is extruded onto the outside of the core 11 and then vulcanized and shaped.

[0085] S6: Cable forming and wrapping: Twist the wire core 11 obtained in step 5 to form cable core 1, and simultaneously wrap the mineral filling layer 2 material during the twisting process to form mineral filling layer 2.

[0086] S7: Braided outer shielding layer: Outside the mineral filling layer 2, a composite filament made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is braided to form an outer shielding layer 3.

[0087] S8: Extruded outer sheath layer: The outer sheath layer 4 is extruded onto the outer shielding layer 3, and then water-cooled and shaped to obtain an electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable.

[0088] Example 2 An electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable includes a cable core 1, which is sequentially covered with a mineral filling layer 2, an outer shielding layer 3, and an outer sheath layer 4. The cable core 1 includes at least one conductor core 11, which includes a conductor layer 12, an inner insulation layer 13, an inner shielding layer 14, an intermediate shielding layer 15, and an inner sheath layer 16 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The conductor layer 12 is formed by twisting together multiple tinned copper wires.

[0089] The inner insulation layer 13 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts base resin, 80 parts halogen-free flame retardant, 0.8 parts antioxidant, 1.0 part light stabilizer, and 1.5 parts processing aid. The base resin is a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene in a mass ratio of 1:2. The halogen-free flame retardant is a compound system of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide in a mass ratio of 1:1. The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010. The light stabilizer is UV-531. The processing aid is zinc stearate.

[0090] The raw material preparation process for the inner insulation layer 13 is as follows: All components of the inner insulation layer 13 are added to a high-speed mixer in proportion and mixed at 100°C for 10 minutes to ensure uniform mixing. The premixed material is then fed into a twin-screw extruder, where it undergoes melting, shearing, and mixing to ensure uniform dispersion of the components. Finally, the melt extruded from the die head is cooled, dried, and then granulated into uniform granular masterbatch of the inner insulation layer 13 using a pelletizer.

[0091] The inner shielding layer 14 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 280 parts nano-silver-plated copper powder, and 5 parts polyethylene wax.

[0092] The preparation of the inner shielding layer 14 raw material first requires the preparation of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene: low-density polyethylene particles, maleic anhydride monomer, and a small amount of dicumyl peroxide initiator are mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer. This mixture is then fed into a twin-screw extruder for granulation. Next, maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene particles, silver-plated copper powder, and polyethylene wax are added to the twin-screw extruder in a specific ratio and melt-blended at 175°C to ensure the nanoparticles are fully coated and dispersed by the polymer. Finally, granulation yields the inner shielding layer 14 raw material.

[0093] The intermediate shielding layer 15 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 25 parts of graphene nanosheets, 130 parts of carbonyl iron powder, 12 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and 2.5 parts of sulfur.

[0094] In the preparation of the intermediate shielding layer 15, nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate, and sulfur are first mixed in an internal mixer to form a base rubber. Then, the base rubber is divided into two halves. One half is mixed with all of the graphene, then passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the first absorbent layer. The other half is mixed with all of the carbonyl iron powder, passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the second absorbent layer.

[0095] The inner sheath layer 16 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts chloroprene rubber, 25 parts flame retardant, 30 parts reinforcing agent, 8 parts plasticizer, and 2 parts antioxidant. The flame retardant is a mixture of decabromodiphenyl ethane and antimony trioxide in a ratio of 1:2. The reinforcing agent is carbon black N550. The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate. The antioxidant is antioxidant RD.

[0096] When preparing the raw material for the inner sheath layer 16, all components are put into a mixer in proportion and mixed evenly at 80°C. Then the material is discharged onto an open mill for turning, thinning, and sheeting, or it is granulated through an extruder to finally obtain the masterbatch for the inner sheath layer 16.

[0097] The mineral filler layer 2 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 150 parts ceramic filler, and 3 parts flame retardant. The ceramic filler is a compound of mica powder, magnesium hydroxide, and glass powder, and the flame retardant is a platinum flame retardant.

[0098] When preparing the raw materials for the mineral filler layer 2, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, ceramic filler and flame retardant are added to a mixer and mixed evenly. Then, the mixture is pressed into a thin strip roll with a certain thickness and width by a calender.

[0099] The outer shielding layer 3 is woven from a composite filament of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0100] The outer shielding layer 3 is made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. During preparation, nickel-plated carbon fiber yarn bundles are unwound and passed together with molten thermoplastic polyurethane granules through a precision extrusion coating die, so that the thermoplastic polyurethane uniformly coats the outside of each carbon fiber bundle. After cooling, it forms a thermoplastic polyurethane and carbon fiber composite filament, which is then wound onto a spindle for weaving. The amount of nickel-plated carbon fiber accounts for 70% of the total composite filament.

[0101] The outer sheath layer 4 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene and polyolefin elastomer copolymer, 45 parts of nitrogen and phosphorus intumescent flame retardant, 1.0 part of antioxidant, 1.5 parts of light stabilizer, and 5 parts of polycaprolactone.

[0102] The material of the outer sheath layer 4 is similar to that of the inner insulation layer 13. First, all material components are put into a high-speed mixer for premixing. Then, the premixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder for mixing and granulation to obtain the outer sheath layer 4 granules.

[0103] The preparation method of the electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable in Example 2 is the same as that in Example 1.

[0104] Example 3 An electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable includes a cable core 1, which is sequentially covered with a mineral filling layer 2, an outer shielding layer 3, and an outer sheath layer 4. The cable core 1 includes at least one conductor core 11, which includes a conductor layer 12, an inner insulation layer 13, an inner shielding layer 14, an intermediate shielding layer 15, and an inner sheath layer 16 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The conductor layer 12 is formed by twisting together multiple tinned copper wires.

[0105] The inner insulation layer 13 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts base resin, 70 parts halogen-free flame retardant, 0.6 parts antioxidant, 0.75 parts light stabilizer, and 1 part processing aid. The base resin is a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene in a mass ratio of 1:1.5. The halogen-free flame retardant is a compound system of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide in a mass ratio of 1:1. The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010. The light stabilizer is UV-531. The processing aid is zinc stearate.

[0106] The raw material preparation process for the inner insulation layer 13 is as follows: All components of the inner insulation layer 13 are added to a high-speed mixer in proportion and mixed at 90°C for 7 minutes to ensure uniform mixing. The premixed material is then fed into a twin-screw extruder, where it undergoes melting, shearing, and mixing to ensure uniform dispersion of the components. Finally, the melt extruded from the die head is cooled, dried, and then granulated into uniform granular masterbatch of the inner insulation layer 13 using a pelletizer.

[0107] The inner shielding layer 14 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 250 parts nano-silver-plated copper powder, and 4 parts polyethylene wax.

[0108] The preparation of the inner shielding layer 14 raw material first requires the preparation of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene: low-density polyethylene particles, maleic anhydride monomer, and a small amount of dicumyl peroxide initiator are mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer. This mixture is then fed into a twin-screw extruder for granulation. Next, maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene particles, silver-plated copper powder, and polyethylene wax are added to the twin-screw extruder in a specific ratio and melt-blended at 170°C to ensure the nanoparticles are fully coated and dispersed by the polymer. Finally, granulation yields the inner shielding layer 14 raw material.

[0109] The intermediate shielding layer 15 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 20 parts of graphene nanosheets, 115 parts of carbonyl iron powder, 10 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and 2 parts of sulfur.

[0110] In the preparation of the intermediate shielding layer 15, nitrile rubber, dioctyl phthalate, and sulfur are first mixed in an internal mixer to form a base rubber. Then, the base rubber is divided into two halves. One half is mixed with all of the graphene, then passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the first absorbent layer. The other half is mixed with all of the carbonyl iron powder, passed through a thin filter multiple times until uniformly dispersed, and then sheeted to obtain the second absorbent layer.

[0111] The inner sheath layer 16 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts chloroprene rubber, 20 parts flame retardant, 25 parts reinforcing agent, 7 parts plasticizer, and 1.5 parts antioxidant. The flame retardant is a mixture of decabromodiphenyl ethane and antimony trioxide in a ratio of 1:2. The reinforcing agent is carbon black N550. The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate. The antioxidant is antioxidant RD.

[0112] When preparing the raw material for the inner sheath layer 16, all components are put into a mixer in proportion and mixed evenly at 70°C. Then the material is discharged onto an open mill for turning, thinning, and sheeting, or it is granulated through an extruder to finally obtain the masterbatch for the inner sheath layer 16.

[0113] The mineral filler layer 2 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 135 parts ceramic filler, and 2 parts flame retardant. The ceramic filler is a compound of mica powder, magnesium hydroxide, and glass powder, and the flame retardant is a platinum flame retardant.

[0114] When preparing the raw materials for the mineral filler layer 2, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, ceramic filler and flame retardant are added to a mixer and mixed evenly. Then, the mixture is pressed into a thin strip roll with a certain thickness and width by a calender.

[0115] The outer shielding layer 3 is woven from a composite filament of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0116] The outer shielding layer 3 is made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. During preparation, nickel-plated carbon fiber yarn bundles are unwound and passed together with molten thermoplastic polyurethane granules through a precision extrusion coating die, so that the thermoplastic polyurethane uniformly coats the outside of each carbon fiber bundle. After cooling, it forms a thermoplastic polyurethane and carbon fiber composite filament, which is then wound onto a spindle for weaving. The amount of nickel-plated carbon fiber accounts for 70% of the total composite filament.

[0117] The outer sheath layer 4 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene and polyolefin elastomer copolymer, 40 parts of nitrogen and phosphorus intumescent flame retardant, 0.8 parts of antioxidant, 1.3 parts of light stabilizer, and 4 parts of polycaprolactone.

[0118] The material of the outer sheath layer 4 is similar to that of the inner insulation layer 13. First, all material components are put into a high-speed mixer for premixing. Then, the premixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder for mixing and granulation to obtain the outer sheath layer 4 granules.

[0119] The difference between the preparation method of the electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable in Example 3 and the preparation method and process in Example 1 is that in step S6, multiple wire cores 11 obtained in step 5 are twisted together to form cable core 1, and mineral filling layer 2 is wrapped around them simultaneously during the twisting process to form mineral filling layer 2.

[0120] The performance indicators of the electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cables obtained from Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Shielding effectiveness / dB >80 >80 >80 Change rate of tensile strength after hot air aging 17% 19% 20% Change rate of elongation at break after hot air aging -21% -20% -17% Change rate of insulation resistance after UV aging 20% 18% 13% Change rate of tensile strength after UV aging 21% 22% 16% Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable, characterized in that, The cable core (1) is covered with a mineral filling layer (2), an outer shielding layer (3) and an outer sheath layer (4) in sequence. The cable core (1) includes at least one wire core (11), which includes a conductor layer (12), an inner insulation layer (13), an inner shielding layer (14), an intermediate shielding layer (15), and an inner sheath layer (16) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The conductor layer (12) is formed by twisting together multiple tin-plated copper wires.

2. The electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner insulation layer (13) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts base resin, 60-80 parts halogen-free flame retardant, 0.3-0.8 parts antioxidant, 0.5-1.0 parts light stabilizer, and 0.5-1.5 parts processing aid; The base resin is a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2); the halogen-free flame retardant is a magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide compound system in a mass ratio of 1:1; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010; the light stabilizer is UV-531; and the processing aid is zinc stearate.

3. The electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner shielding layer (14) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 220-280 parts of nano-silver-plated copper powder, and 3-5 parts of polyethylene wax.

4. The electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate shielding layer (15) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 15-25 parts of graphene nanosheets, 100-130 parts of carbonyl iron powder, 8-12 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and 1.5-2.5 parts of sulfur.

5. The electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sheath layer (16) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of chloroprene rubber, 15-25 parts of flame retardant, 20-30 parts of reinforcing agent, 5-8 parts of plasticizer, and 1-2 parts of antioxidant. The flame retardant is a mixture of decabromodiphenyl ethane and antimony trioxide in a ratio of 1:2; the reinforcing agent is carbon black N550; the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate; and the antioxidant is antioxidant RD.

6. The electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mineral filler layer (2) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 120-150 parts of ceramic filler, and 1-3 parts of flame retardant; The ceramic filler is a compound of mica powder, magnesium hydroxide and glass powder, and the flame retardant is a platinum flame retardant.

7. The electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shielding layer (3) is woven from a composite filament of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

8. The electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer sheath layer (4) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene and polyolefin elastomer copolymer, 35-45 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus intumescent flame retardant, 0.5-1.0 parts of antioxidant, 0.8-1.5 parts of light stabilizer, and 3-5 parts of polycaprolactone.

9. A method for preparing an electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Conductor stranding: Multiple tin-plated copper wires are stranded together to form the conductor layer (12). S2: Extrusion Irradiation Crosslinking Inner Insulation Layer: The inner insulation layer (13) material is extruded outside the conductor layer (12) through an extrusion die, then crosslinked by an electron irradiation crosslinking device, and then water-cooled to form an insulated wire core; S3: Extruded inner shielding layer: The inner shielding layer (14) material is extruded onto the outer surface of the insulated wire core through an extrusion coating process and then water-cooled for shaping; S4: Co-extrusion of intermediate shielding layer: Using a double-layer co-extrusion machine, a nitrile rubber compound rich in graphene and a nitrile rubber compound rich in carbonyl iron powder are co-extruded and wrapped around the inner shielding layer (14) through a gradient composite die, and then vulcanized and shaped through a continuous vulcanization pipeline to form the gradient absorption shielding layer. S5: Extrusion of inner sheath layer: The inner sheath layer (16) is extruded over the core (11) and then vulcanized and shaped. S6: Cable making and wrapping: at least one wire core (11) obtained in step (5) is twisted together to form a cable core (1), and mineral filling layer (2) is wrapped around it simultaneously during the twisting process to form the mineral filling layer (2). S7: Braided outer shielding layer: Outside the mineral filling layer (2), a composite filament made of nickel-plated carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is braided with a braiding density of not less than 90% to form an outer shielding layer (3). S8: Extrusion of outer sheath layer: The outer sheath layer (4) is extruded over the outer shielding layer (3) and then water-cooled to form the electromagnetic shielded photovoltaic cable.

10. The method for preparing the electromagnetically shielded photovoltaic cable according to claim 9, characterized in that, The crosslinking dose of the electron irradiation in S2 is 140-160 kGy; The extrusion temperature of the double-layer co-extruder in S4 is controlled at 75-85℃, and the vulcanization pipe temperature is 180-200℃. The S7 is constructed using a 16-spindle or 24-spindle high-speed weaving machine.

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