Method for producing a pneumatic vehicle tire

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a pneumatic vehicle tire, comprising the following method steps: a) producing or providing a green pneumatic vehicle tire comprising: i) a green carcass comprising a plurality of strength members embedded in a first vulcanizable rubber mixture, ii) a green tread arranged radially above the green carcass, the present invention relates to a green pneumatic vehicle tire comprising a green carcass comprising a first vulcanizable rubber mixture comprising at least one butyl rubber and / or halogenated butyl rubber, and iii) a green inner liner layer arranged radially below the green carcass comprising a second vulcanizable rubber mixture comprising at least one butyl rubber and / or halogenated butyl rubber, b) applying an aqueous dispersion to the surface of the green inner liner layer to obtain a prepared green pneumatic vehicle tire, wherein the aqueous dispersion comprises one or more dispersed polysiloxane particles, c) vulcanizing the prepared green pneumatic vehicle tire in a vulcanizing mold to obtain a pneumatic vehicle tire wherein the surface of the tire inner liner obtained from the green inner liner is at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles, and d) applying a sealant composition to an application area of the surface of the tire inner liner covered with the polysiloxane particles.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a pneumatic vehicle tire and to a pneumatic vehicle tire produced thereby. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vehicle tires of vehicles have a decisive influence on the driving safety relevant features of the vehicle. The occurrence of defects in vehicle tires while driving has always been a major safety risk in road traffic. A complete perforation of a conventional pneumatic vehicle tire can lead to an unwanted loss of pressure, forcing the driver to replace the tire, which in many cases has to be done in a dangerous environment in close proximity to the carriageway.

[0003] To eliminate this problem, so-called self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires have been developed and are currently commercially available from various suppliers. In these self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires, an additional sealant layer arranged inside the pneumatic vehicle tire below the tread ensures that in the event of a perforation in the tread area of the pneumatic vehicle tire, the resulting opening is sealed, preventing air from escaping and at least slowing down the associated loss of pressure. General information on the technical background is disclosed, for example, in US 4287928 A, EP 3175975 B1, EP 3085523 B1, WO 2022237250 A1 or US 4263075 A.

[0004] The person skilled in the art is very familiar with self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires from the prior art and the sealants used therefor. In the prior art, the sealant composition is typically applied to a vulcanized pneumatic vehicle tire. It is therefore important that there is sufficient adhesion between the sealant composition and the interior of the pneumatic vehicle tire, i.e. in particular the tire inner liner. To this end, the prior art typically includes a separate pre-cleaning of the tire inner liner before the sealant composition is applied in order to maximize the adhesion of the resulting laminate and to prevent impurities from causing a local reduction in, for example, the adhesive strength.

[0005] In view of the increasing awareness of the need for more sustainable management and the sparing use of fossil resources, the recycling of pneumatic vehicle tires has been gaining increasing attention in recent years, and various methods and concepts for recycling scrap pneumatic vehicle tires are known. However, considering self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires, a common feature of most of the related recycling methods is that an efficient recycling often requires the sealant composition to be removed from the vehicle pneumatic tire before the vehicle pneumatic tire can be sent for the desired recycling.

[0006] The stronger the adhesion between the sealant composition and the tire liner, the more difficult it becomes to remove the sealant composition from the pneumatic vehicle tire. Therefore, the high adhesion between the sealant composition and the tire liner desired when manufacturing a brand-new self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tire negatively impacts the recyclability of the corresponding pneumatic vehicle tire at the end of its life. Thus, in the field of self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires, there exists a conflict between the performance characteristics of a brand-new pneumatic vehicle tire (which is expected to exhibit strong adhesion of the sealant composition beneath the tread) and its recyclability at the end of its life. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to overcome or at least reduce the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0008] The present invention aims, in particular, to provide a method for producing vehicle tires and a corresponding vehicle tire that exhibits excellent self-sealing properties when used on a vehicle, especially in terms of reliable adhesion of the sealant composition to the inside of the tire; at the same time, the vehicle tire is particularly timely and cost-effective for recycling because the sealant composition can be very easily removed during typical recycling processes.

[0009] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to determine the optimal solution, by suitable means or process mode, to the existing conflict between the durability of laminates of pneumatic vehicle tires and sealant compositions and the subsequent removability of the sealant compositions.

[0010] The inventors of this invention have now discovered that, as defined in the claims, the above-mentioned objective can be achieved when a silicone-based dispersion is applied to the inner liner of a pneumatic vehicle tire during vulcanization to provide a surface at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles after vulcanization, and when a sealant composition is applied directly to the surface covered with polysiloxane particles.

[0011] This invention is based on the discovery that the aforementioned conflicts can be synergistically resolved by using industrial additives that are actually used in tire production for different purposes in some cases.

[0012] This includes the use of aqueous dispersions of polysiloxane particles, which, together with other equally effective compositions (sometimes referred to by those skilled in the art as "lubricants"), are used in the production of pneumatic vehicle tires to optimize the interface between the uncured raw tire and the vulcanizing mold used for curing. The corresponding aqueous dispersions are particularly useful for achieving efficient removal of the post-cured vehicle tire from the vulcanizing mold and, more importantly, for preventing rubber residues from adhering to the vulcanizing mold.

[0013] In the prior art, when using "lubricant", the usual practice is to remove the lubricant residue remaining on the surface of the vehicle tire after vulcanization, especially by material removal methods such as strong scrubbing or laser-based cleaning. In the case of self-sealing tires, this is especially done to optimize the adhesion as described above.

[0014] Contrary to existing biases, the inventors of this invention have discovered that by using a specific aqueous dispersion based on polysiloxane particles as a "lubricant," the aforementioned conflict can be unexpectedly resolved while eliminating the cleaning step and applying the sealant composition directly to the surface covered with polysiloxane particles.

[0015] Surprisingly, sufficient adhesion is achieved between the typical sealant composition and the corresponding tire surface coated with polysiloxane particles, allowing for reliable operation and production of high-performance self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires. Self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires produced in this manner also achieve excellent recyclability, as the sealant composition can be easily and therefore removed during the recycling process in a timely and cost-effective manner, such as using typical mechanical separation methods.

[0016] Therefore, the above-mentioned objectives are achieved by the subject matter of the invention as defined in the claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description.

[0017] In particularly preferred embodiments, features referred to below as preferred embodiments are combined with features referred to below as other preferred embodiments. Therefore, combinations of two or more embodiments referred to below as particularly preferred embodiments are highly preferred. Embodiments in which features referred to as a partially preferred embodiment are combined with one or more additional features referred to as partially preferred other embodiments are also preferred. The features of preferred pneumatic vehicle tires are apparent from the features of the preferred method.

[0018] In the context of the mass fractions listed below, as is customary in the industry, these mass fractions are typically reported as combined mass fractions of one or more components, thereby indicating that the combined mass fraction of the components in the corresponding formulation meets the relevant standards. The reported amount phr (parts per hundred parts by weight of rubber) used herein is a customary expression of quantity for compound formulations in the rubber industry, and represents the mass fraction of the components in the rubber compound based on the mass of high molecular weight rubber (weight-average molar mass Mw greater than 60,000 g / mol as determined by GPC) present in the rubber compound, where the combined mass fraction of the high molecular weight rubber is 100 phr.

[0019] This invention particularly relates to a method for producing pneumatic vehicle tires, the method comprising the following steps:

[0020] a) Manufacturing or supplying uninflated vehicle tires, the uninflated vehicle tires comprising:

[0021] i) A green tire body comprising a plurality of strength members embedded in a first vulcanizable rubber compound.

[0022] ii) the green surface, which is radially arranged above the green body, and

[0023] iii) A green inner liner, radially disposed below the green tire carcass, comprising a second vulcanizable rubber compound comprising at least one butyl rubber and / or halogenated butyl rubber.

[0024] b) Applying an aqueous dispersion to the surface of the raw inner liner to obtain a prepared raw pneumatic vehicle tire, wherein the aqueous dispersion comprises one or more dispersed polysiloxane particles.

[0025] c) The prepared raw pneumatic vehicle tire is vulcanized in a vulcanization mold to obtain a pneumatic vehicle tire, wherein the surface of the tire inner liner obtained from the raw inner liner is at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles, and

[0026] d) Applying the sealant composition to the application area of ​​the surface of the tire liner covered with polysiloxane particles.

[0027] The method according to the invention is used for the production of pneumatic vehicle tires, particularly self-sealing pneumatic vehicle tires. The produced pneumatic vehicle tires can, in principle, be used for a wide range of applications (e.g., also for motorcycles). However, the method according to the invention is particularly relevant for the production of pneumatic vehicle tires for passenger cars or trucks. Therefore, it is preferred to use the method according to the invention where the pneumatic vehicle tire is a passenger car tire or a truck tire, preferably a passenger car tire.

[0028] The method according to the invention includes first producing a raw pneumatic vehicle tire according to a typical method. For this purpose, those skilled in the art can use methods known from the prior art. In terms of construction, the raw pneumatic vehicle tire to be produced first also corresponds to a typical raw pneumatic vehicle tire. This specifically means that the uncured raw pneumatic vehicle tire comprises a green carcass having strength members embedded in a vulcanizable rubber compound, an uncured tread disposed above the green carcass, and the inner side of the raw pneumatic vehicle tire is covered by a raw inner liner, which, after vulcanization, becomes the tire inner liner that plays a decisive role in the airtightness of the produced pneumatic vehicle tire.

[0029] In the case of the first vulcanizable rubber compound, i.e., the rubberized vulcanizable rubber compound used for the strength member, those skilled in the art can use any vulcanizable rubber compound known from the prior art in the same manner as for the vulcanizable rubber compound used in the green tread. However, the properties of the tire liner are crucial to the interaction between the subsequent tire liner, the lubricant, and the sealant composition on which this invention is based, and the inventors believe that the tire liner needs to contain at least butyl rubber or halogenated butyl rubber, both of which are well known to those skilled in the art in the field of tire manufacturing.

[0030] In practice, a raw inner liner will cover the entire inward-facing surface of a raw pneumatic vehicle tire to achieve the most complete possible seal in a subsequently inflated pneumatic vehicle tire. Therefore, it is preferable to use the method according to the invention, wherein the radially inner surface of the raw pneumatic vehicle tire is substantially completely covered by the raw inner liner.

[0031] Therefore, the inventors have successfully identified particularly suitable materials for the composition of a second vulcanizable rubber mixture used in raw lining layers, which, in combination with the subsequently applied aqueous dispersion, achieve a good balance between the adhesiveness and removability of the sealant composition. Therefore, it is preferred, according to the method of the invention, that the second vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises butyl rubber and / or halogenated butyl rubber in a combined mass fraction in the range of 70 to 100 phr, preferably in the range of 80 to 100 phr, particularly preferably in the range of 90 to 100 phr. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred, according to the method of the invention, that the second vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises halogenated butyl rubber, preferably chlorinated butyl rubber or brominated butyl rubber. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred to use the method according to the invention, wherein the second vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more fillers, preferably having a combined mass fraction of 30 phr or greater, more preferably 40 phr or greater, particularly preferably 60 phr or greater, wherein the filler is preferably selected from the group consisting of free carbon black and amorphous silica (e.g. precipitated amorphous silica), preferably carbon black.

[0032] In step b) of the method, a so-called "lubricant" (sometimes also called a "tire release agent") is applied to the surface of the raw inner liner, i.e., before vulcanization. However, the inventors have found that applying any desired tire release agent does not necessarily achieve the beneficial effect of good removability of the desired sealant composition during the recycling of pneumatic vehicle tires. Instead, an aqueous dispersion of "silicone-based" and correspondingly comprising dispersed polysiloxane particles is required as the tire release agent. Based on the inventors' experiments, the advantages of the method of the present invention are considered to be independent of the choice of a particular polysiloxane, since polysiloxanes generally have very similar macroscopic properties in this context.

[0033] The inventors find it advantageous that the aqueous dispersion ideally consists primarily of water in its liquid phase, and have further determined suitable ranges for the solid content of the aqueous dispersion. Preferably, according to the method of the invention, the liquid phase of the aqueous dispersion consists of water to a degree of 70% or higher, preferably 80% or higher, particularly preferably 90% or higher, and very particularly preferably 95% or higher based on the mass of the liquid phase. Alternatively or additionally, according to the method of the invention, the aqueous dispersion has a solid content in the range of 30% to 60%, preferably in the range of 40% to 50%. Alternatively or additionally, according to the method of the invention, the solid phase of the aqueous dispersion consists of polysiloxane particles to a degree of 70% or higher, preferably 80% or higher, particularly preferably 90% or higher, and very particularly preferably 95% or higher based on the mass of the solid phase.

[0034] The inventors find it advantageous to agitate the aqueous dispersion, for example by stirring, immediately before application in order to achieve the best possible coverage of the surface by the polysiloxane particles. Application can be performed using various methods, such as brushing, but the inventors have achieved particularly good results in terms of the quality of the surface covered with polysiloxane particles when applied with a spray gun. Therefore, the method according to the invention is preferred, wherein the aqueous dispersion is homogenized before application. Alternatively or additionally, the method according to the invention is preferred, wherein the aqueous dispersion is applied using a spraying method, preferably a spray gun.

[0035] While the beneficial effect of aqueous dispersions on optimizing the adhesion of sealant compositions is particularly relevant in areas where the sealant composition is subsequently applied, it is advantageous to ideally apply the aqueous dispersion to the entire surface area of ​​the raw inner liner in order to synergistically utilize the beneficial release effect of the tire release agent, thereby ensuring excellent vulcanizability in the vulcanizing mold. Therefore, the method according to the invention is preferred, wherein the aqueous dispersion is applied to 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, particularly preferably 90% or more, very particularly preferably 95% or more, and especially preferably substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the raw inner liner.

[0036] The extent to which the tire inner liner is covered by polysiloxane particles depends entirely on the application of the aqueous dispersion to the raw tire inner liner. In this regard, the inventors have successfully reported particularly suitable ranges that enable particularly advantageous results regarding the release effect from the vulcanizing mold and the adhesion of the sealant composition to the formed surface. This is because the method according to the invention is preferred, wherein the aqueous dispersion is applied at a concentration of 5 to 25 g / m³. 2 Within the range, preferably between 10 and 20 g / m 2 Apply the rate within the range.

[0037] In step c) of the method, the prepared raw pneumatic vehicle tire is vulcanized to transform the raw inner liner into a tire inner liner, which is at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles due to the aforementioned coating with an aqueous dispersion. In their own experiments, the inventors have determined suitable vulcanization temperatures at which excellent results have been achieved in the method according to the invention, particularly regarding the composition of the surface of the tire inner liner at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles. Preferably, the vulcanization is carried out at a temperature in the range of 130°C to 200°C, preferably in the range of 150°C to 180°C, according to the method according to the invention.

[0038] As defined above, the surface of the tire inner liner is partially covered with polysiloxane particles. That is, theoretically, it is conceivable not to apply a full-area coating of the tire release agent to the raw inner liner, although this is less preferred, as stated above. In principle, to optimize the adhesion of the sealant composition, providing coverage of polysiloxane particles in the application area (i.e., the area above the tire inner liner where the sealant composition is to be applied) would be sufficient. However, similar to the foregoing embodiments, it is preferred that the surface of the tire inner liner be covered with polysiloxane particles over as much of its surface area as possible. Preferably, according to the method of the invention, the surface of the tire inner liner obtained from the raw inner liner is at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles, with a coverage of 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, particularly preferably 90% or more, very particularly preferably 95% or more, and especially preferably substantially 100% based on the surface area of ​​the tire inner liner.

[0039] In principle, the density of the polysiloxane particles (i.e., the mass of the polysiloxane particles in the upper volume layer of the surface) can vary in the surface portion covered with polysiloxane particles, which in particular depends on the application of the aqueous dispersion and the solids content. In this regard, the inventors propose that it is advantageous to achieve the densest possible coverage, ideally with complete coating of polysiloxane particles, such that the surface of the tire inner liner is preferably formed substantially entirely of a layer of polysiloxane particles, especially in the application area related to the adhesion of the sealant composition. Preferably, according to the method of the invention, the surface of the tire inner liner obtained from the raw inner liner is covered with polysiloxane particles in the areas covered with the polysiloxane particles, especially in the application area, to a degree of coverage of 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, particularly preferably 90% or more, very particularly preferably 95% or more, and especially preferably substantially 100% of the surface area covered with the polysiloxane particles.

[0040] In step d), the sealant composition is now applied to the application area, which is any area to which the sealant composition is applied, provided that the application must be carried out on a surface covered with polysiloxane particles. In practice, this would typically be the method according to the invention, wherein the application area is on the inside of the green tread of a green-inflated vehicle tire.

[0041] The inventors believe that advantageously usable sealant compositions include typical sealant compositions known from the prior art, which are commercially available from various manufacturers. However, in this respect, the inventors have successfully identified sealant compositions that exhibit particularly good adhesion and advantageous removability with surfaces coated with polysiloxane particles. Therefore, the method according to the invention is preferred, wherein, based on the mass of the sealant composition, the sealant composition comprises:

[0042] i) one or more first rubbers selected from the group consisting of butyl rubber and halogenated butyl rubber, preferably, the mass fraction of which is in the range of 9% to 23%, particularly preferably in the range of 10% to 20%, and / or

[0043] ii) a second rubber selected from the group consisting of one or more diene rubbers (preferably polybutadiene rubber) different from the first rubber, preferably having a mass fraction in the range of 50% to 70%, particularly preferably in the range of 55% to 65%, and / or

[0044] iii) One or more inorganic fillers, wherein these inorganic fillers are preferably selected from the group consisting of carbon black and magnesium oxide, preferably, the mass fraction of which is in the range of 3% to 9%, particularly preferably in the range of 4% to 8%, and / or

[0045] iv) One or more crosslinking agents, wherein the crosslinking agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of peroxides and oximes (e.g., p-benzoquinone dioxime), preferably, the mass fraction of the combination is in the range of 0.5% to 3%, particularly preferably in the range of 1% to 2.5%.

[0046] Preferably, the method according to the invention involves applying the sealant composition in the form of an amorphous material. Alternatively, the method according to the invention is preferred in that the sealant composition forms a sealant layer.

[0047] In addition to using a specific tire release agent, the method according to the invention has the special feature that the sealant composition is applied to the application area of ​​the surface covered with polysiloxane. This means that, contrary to the prior art, the tire release agent is not removed, but the polysiloxane particles remain between the surface of the tire liner and the applied sealant composition. Accordingly, and contrary to the prior art, for example, no material removal cleaning (e.g., with a brush or laser) is performed. Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the surface of the tire liner at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles is not treated by material removal methods in the application area between method steps c) and d). Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the surface of the tire liner at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles is treated, in particular, without brushing or laser treatment in the application area between method steps c) and d).

[0048] Experiments by the inventors have shown that surfaces provided with polysiloxane particles can be cleaned using non-material removal methods without unduly limiting the advantages of the method according to the invention, and consequently without resulting in pneumatic vehicle tires that are detrimental to recyclability. Therefore, it has proven advantageous to omit such cleaning and, in particular, to avoid any wet cleaning steps. Essentially all embodiments correspondingly prefer the method according to the invention, wherein, between method steps c) and d), the surface of the tire liner at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles is cleaned in the application area using a non-material removal method, preferably compressed air cleaning. It is also preferred the method according to the invention, wherein, between method steps c) and d), the surface of the tire liner at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles does not come into contact with the cleaning material in the application area.

[0049] Therefore, in a very particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the sealant composition is applied directly to a tire inner liner layer covered with polysiloxane particles, as obtained after vulcanization. In other words, it is particularly preferred that the sealant composition is applied directly to the surface of the tire inner liner layer produced in step c) of the method according to the invention.

[0050] The present invention further relates to a pneumatic tire for a vehicle, which is produced or can be produced by the method according to the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The invention and its preferred embodiments will now be described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 A simplified flowchart of the method steps according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrates the method steps according to the present invention. The first step 100 includes first producing a raw pneumatic vehicle tire, which may include not only a raw tire carcass, a raw inner liner disposed inside the raw tire carcass, and a raw tread disposed above the raw tire carcass, but may also include, for example, other components, especially sidewall components.

[0054] Prior to vulcanization, in step 102, a silicone-based aqueous dispersion is applied to the raw liner, such as Rhenodiv BP-2864, a commercial product from RheinChemie Additives, which has a solids content of approximately 44% and whose liquid phase is predominantly composed of water. A spray gun is used at approximately 15 g / m³. 2 It is applied in a way that covers the entire area.

[0055] Following this preparation, in subsequent step 104, the raw pneumatic vehicle tire is vulcanized in a vulcanization mold in which a tread pattern is provided. A dense surface covered with polysiloxane particles is formed on the previously prepared raw inner liner surface, which is then transformed into a tire inner liner through vulcanization.

[0056] After removing the vulcanized vehicle tire from the vulcanizing mold, step 106 involves applying the sealant composition by applying an amorphous material to the surface of the resulting tire liner covered with polysiloxane particles located beneath the tread, without any cleaning of the corresponding surface, particularly without material removal cleaning that would remove the polysiloxane particles from the surface of the tire liner. This provides a pneumatic vehicle tire that exhibits sufficient adhesive strength between the sealant composition and the tire liner during use, but in a typical recycling process can be very easily removed (i.e., in a time-efficient and cost-effective manner, such as using typical cutting tools, such as blades), advantageously leaving only a small amount of residue (if any).

Claims

1. A method for producing pneumatic vehicle tires, the method comprising the following steps: a) Manufacturing or supplying uninflated vehicle tires, the uninflated vehicle tires comprising: i) A green tire body comprising a plurality of strength members embedded in a first vulcanizable rubber compound. ii) the green surface, which is radially arranged above the green body, and iii) A green inner liner, radially disposed below the green tire carcass, comprising a second vulcanizable rubber compound comprising at least one butyl rubber and / or halogenated butyl rubber. b) Applying an aqueous dispersion to the surface of the raw inner liner to obtain a prepared raw pneumatic vehicle tire, wherein the aqueous dispersion comprises one or more dispersed polysiloxane particles. c) The prepared raw pneumatic vehicle tire is vulcanized in a vulcanization mold to obtain a pneumatic vehicle tire, wherein the surface of the tire inner liner obtained from the raw inner liner is at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles, and d) Applying the sealant composition to the application area of ​​the surface of the tire liner covered with polysiloxane particles.

2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, The second vulcanizable rubber compound contains butyl rubber and / or halogenated butyl rubber in a combined mass fraction ranging from 70 to 100 phr.

3. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, The second vulcanizable rubber compound contains halogenated butyl rubber.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The second vulcanizable rubber compound contains one or more fillers.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The liquid phase of the aqueous dispersion is composed of water to a degree of 70% or more by mass of the liquid phase.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The aqueous dispersion has a solids content in the range of 30 to 60.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The solid phase of the aqueous dispersion consists of polysiloxane particles in 70% or more of its mass.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, Between steps c) and d), the surface of the tire liner at least partially covered with polysiloxane particles is cleaned in the application area using a non-material removal method.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The sealant composition is applied directly to the surface of the tire liner produced in step c).

10. A pneumatic vehicle tire, which is produced or can be produced by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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