Dust suppressant and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of dust treatment. The dust suppressant is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 30 percent of film-forming base material, 1 to 8 percent of cross-linking agent, 0.5 to 5 percent of surfactant, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of dispersing agent, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of defoaming agent, 1 to 5 percent of photocatalyst and the balance of water, wherein the film-forming base material is a methacrylic acid chlorinated trimethylamine ethyl ester copolymer, and the surfactant is polyether modified siloxane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving the film-forming base material, carrying out cross-linking reaction on the dissolved film-forming base material and the cross-linking agent, sequentially adding the surfactant, the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent and the photocatalyst, and uniformly mixing. Through specific selection and synergistic effect of key components, the product has efficient dust suppression, excellent hard water resistance, good durability and auxiliary sterilization and photocatalytic purification functions, and the comprehensive performance is remarkably superior to that of the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental protection and dust control technology, and relates to a dust suppressant and its preparation method, particularly a composite dust suppressant with excellent wetting, consolidation, hard water resistance and photocatalytic purification functions. Background Technology

[0002] Atmospheric particulate pollution, especially inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5). 10 ) and fine particulate matter (PM) 2.5 Air pollution is a significant environmental problem affecting urban air quality and public health. Studies show that open sources such as road traffic dust, construction site dust, and fugitive industrial emissions are major sources of atmospheric particulate matter. Spray dust suppression is a widely used method, but ordinary water mist has poor wetting effect and low capture efficiency on hydrophobic dust particles, especially PM2.5. 2.5 The settling effect of water mist on fine particulate matter is limited. Therefore, developing highly efficient dust suppressants to enhance the wetting, agglomeration, and dust fixation capabilities of water mist has become a research focus in this field.

[0003] Existing dust suppressants can be mainly classified into wetting, binding, coagulating, and composite types according to their mechanism of action. For example, existing technology discloses a dust suppressant with catalytic function, which uses water-soluble polyacrylic acid resin, cellulose, etc. as film-forming substrates, forms a cured layer through a crosslinking agent, and adds a photocatalyst to achieve the dual functions of dust fixation and nitrogen oxide degradation. This technology has improved the problem of the single function of traditional dust suppressants to a certain extent. However, this solution still has some shortcomings: First, the conventional water-soluble polymer film-forming substrate (such as ordinary polyacrylic acid resin) used still has room for improvement in terms of water resistance, mechanical stability, and weather resistance, and its durability under complex meteorological conditions (such as rainfall and dryness) may be insufficient; second, although the surfactants used (such as FMEE, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers) can reduce surface tension, their comprehensive performance in terms of ultra-low surface tension, resistance to hard water precipitation, and long-term foam suppression is not ideal, affecting its applicability in hard water areas and the smoothness of spraying operations; third, this solution does not emphasize the environmental friendliness and biodegradability of the product enough.

[0004] In addition, other related technologies are also seeking performance breakthroughs. For example, existing technologies also disclose a foam dust suppressant for coal mines, which uses polyether-modified siloxane as a foam stabilizer and emphasizes its resistance to hard water. However, this technology is mainly aimed at foam dust suppression scenarios, and its formulation system and functional objectives (such as foaming and corrosion protection) are significantly different from liquid dust suppressants suitable for large-area spray dust suppression in roads, stockpiles, etc.

[0005] Existing technologies also provide a type of curing dust suppressant prepared through a complex synthesis process. Although it has high hardness and is scratch-resistant, it is inconvenient to apply, has high cost, and is not easily degraded, making it difficult to meet the economic and environmental requirements of large-area, periodic spraying operations.

[0006] In conclusion, there is still a need in this field for a dust suppressant with better overall performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a dust suppressant and its preparation method using trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer as film-forming substrate and polyether-modified siloxane as surfactant, in order to solve the problems of existing dust suppressants having single function, poor hard water resistance, insufficient durability and unsatisfactory environmental friendliness.

[0008] Through long-term exploration and experimentation, as well as numerous trials and efforts, the inventors have continuously reformed and innovated to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The technical solution provided by this invention is a dust suppressant comprising the following components by weight percentage: Film-forming substrate: 10-30%; Crosslinking agent: 1-8%; Surfactant: 0.5-5%; Dispersant: 0.1-0.5%; Defoamer: 0.1-0.5%; Photocatalyst: 1-5%; Water: Balance; The film-forming substrate is a copolymer of trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and the surfactant is a polyether-modified siloxane.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By selecting trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer as the film-forming substrate, the quaternary ammonium salt groups in its molecular structure significantly enhance the electrostatic adsorption and ionic bonding forces with dust particles. Simultaneously, combined with polyether-modified siloxane, a special surfactant with ultra-low surface tension, the synergistic effect of the two greatly improves the dust suppressant's effectiveness against hydrophobic fine particulate matter (especially PM2.5). 2.5 The formulation exhibits high wetting, capture, and aggregation efficiency; the resulting solidified membrane not only possesses high mechanical strength and good water resistance, extending the effective dust suppression cycle, but the surfactant also endows the product with excellent hard water stability, ensuring stable performance under different water quality conditions; furthermore, the overall formulation is environmentally friendly, the selected materials are easily degradable, and in conjunction with a photocatalyst, it can continuously degrade pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, achieving a comprehensive effect of high-efficiency dust suppression, strong environmental adaptability, and multifunctional purification.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Furthermore, the crosslinking agent is glutaraldehyde.

[0011] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: Using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent not only allows it to react efficiently with the functional groups in the selected trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer to form a denser and more stable three-dimensional crosslinking network, significantly improving the water resistance and mechanical strength of the dust suppression layer and extending its effective dust suppression cycle, but also utilizes glutaraldehyde's broad-spectrum and fast-acting bactericidal and disinfecting properties to endow the dust suppressant with additional air microbial purification functions.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Further: the dispersant comprises modified polyacrylate and vinyl copolymer.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: Modified polyacrylate and vinyl copolymer are used as composite dispersants. Through the synergistic effect of steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion, they effectively prevent the aggregation and sedimentation of film-forming substrate and photocatalyst nanoparticles, ensuring the long-term storage stability and uniform component distribution of the dust suppressant system, thereby ensuring the continuity of film formation and the consistency of photocatalytic activity after spraying.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Furthermore, the defoamer is a mixture of organically modified polydimethylsiloxane and hydrophobic particles, wherein the hydrophobic particles are silica or organosilicon.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: A compound system of organically modified polydimethylsiloxane and hydrophobic particles was used as a defoamer. Through the synergistic effect of the two, the system achieved a balance between rapid foam breaking and long-term foam suppression, effectively inhibiting foam generated by surfactants and the stirring process. This ensured the smoothness and uniformity of dust suppressant spraying operations, while the mixture had no negative impact on the stability of the system.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Furthermore, the photocatalyst is nanoscale anatase titanium dioxide.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: Nanoscale anatase titanium dioxide was selected as the photocatalyst because its small particle size and large specific surface area enable it to generate stronger photogenerated electron-hole pairs under illumination, thereby significantly improving the photocatalytic activity against nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the air.X It improves the catalytic degradation efficiency of pollutants such as , and also has a continuous sterilization and disinfection function.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the dust suppressant, comprising the following steps: 1) Dissolve the film-forming substrate in water under heating conditions of 40-70℃, and stir until it is completely dissolved to form a polymer solution; 2) Add a crosslinking agent to the solution obtained in step 1) and carry out a crosslinking reaction under heating conditions of 70-80℃; 3) After the reaction in step 2) is complete and the mixture has cooled, add the surfactant, dispersant and defoamer to the mixture in sequence, and stir to mix. 4) Under stirring conditions, slowly add the photocatalyst and stir thoroughly to obtain the dust suppressant.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The preparation method of this invention achieves effective integration and performance maximization of various functional components through optimized step sequence and process parameter combination: First, a specific film-forming substrate is dissolved under mild heating to form a homogeneous solution, followed by a cross-linking reaction at a suitable temperature to construct a stable polymer network framework; after the system cools, surfactants, dispersants, and defoamers are added sequentially, avoiding the decomposition or failure of surfactants and defoamers that may be caused by high temperatures, ensuring the integrity of their functions; finally, a photocatalyst is slowly added under stirring, effectively preventing the aggregation of nanoparticles and ensuring their uniform dispersion and high catalytic activity in the system. This method is simple, mild, and highly controllable, suitable for large-scale production. The resulting dust suppressant system is stable, with significant synergistic effects among its components, exhibiting excellent overall performance.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Further: In step 1), the dissolution is carried out by low-speed stirring, with a speed of 50-80 rpm and a stirring time of 2 hours.

[0021] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: Using low-speed stirring at 50-80 rpm for 2 hours can ensure that the polymer chain structure of the film-forming substrate is fully and uniformly dissolved in water, forming a homogeneous and stable polymer solution, while avoiding severe mechanical shearing that could damage the polymer chain structure. This lays a solid foundation for the subsequent crosslinking reaction to build a complete and effective polymer network.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Further: In step 2), the crosslinking reaction time is 2 hours.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The 2-hour crosslinking reaction time ensures that the film-forming substrate and the crosslinking agent (especially glutaraldehyde) undergo a full and complete chemical reaction to form a uniform and dense three-dimensional crosslinking network. This maximizes the mechanical strength, water resistance, and structural stability of the final cured layer, providing a key internal structural guarantee for the long-lasting effect of the dust suppressant.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Further: In step 4), the rate of adding the photocatalyst is 2-3 g / min per kilogram of final dust suppressant mass.

[0025] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: A slow addition rate can effectively prevent the nano-photocatalyst particles from agglomerating due to excessively high local concentrations, ensuring that they are gradually and uniformly dispersed throughout the liquid phase system, thereby maximizing their high specific surface area and photocatalytic activity. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following description is based on specific embodiments.

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to represent selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all equipment and raw materials are available from the market or commonly used in the industry. Unless otherwise specified, the methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods in the art.

[0029] Example 1 This embodiment describes a dust suppressant and its preparation method, including the following steps: Raw material preparation: Film-forming substrate: Trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (e.g., McLean product, model P756765), 20 parts. In this example, the total mass is approximately 100 parts, or 10 kg, with each part weighing approximately 100 g.

[0030] Crosslinking agent: glutaraldehyde (50% aqueous solution), 4 parts (calculated as pure glutaraldehyde).

[0031] Surfactant: Polyether-modified siloxane (a polydimethylsiloxane modified by grafting polyether segments, which has both wetting and defoaming functions), 0.5 parts.

[0032] Dispersant: 0.3 parts of modified polyacrylate and vinyl copolymer (the dispersant is a polymeric dispersant with a comb-like structure formed by introducing hydrophobic segments and hydrophilic groups through graft copolymerization, such as Efcona AFCO® 1000 series products).

[0033] Defoamer: 0.2 parts of a mixture of organically modified polydimethylsiloxane and hydrophobic silica (wherein organic modification refers to modification via alkyl or polyether segments, such as Efcona AFCO® 2000 series silicone defoamers). Mix at 1800 rpm for 15 minutes using a vortex mixer before use.

[0034] Photocatalyst: Nanoscale anatase titanium dioxide (particle size 20-50 nm), 5 parts.

[0035] Water: Deionized water, 70 parts.

[0036] Preparation process: a. In a reactor equipped with a low-speed stirrer and a heating device, add 70 parts of deionized water and heat to 60°C. Under constant temperature of 60°C and stirring speed of 60 rpm, slowly add 20 parts of trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer and continue stirring for 2 hours until completely dissolved to form a uniform and transparent polymer solution.

[0037] b. Maintain the temperature at 60°C, add 4 parts of glutaraldehyde (50% aqueous solution) to the solution obtained in step a, and then heat the system to 80°C. Carry out the crosslinking reaction under the conditions of 80°C and 60 rpm stirring for 2 hours.

[0038] c. After the reaction is complete, stop heating and allow the mixture to cool naturally to room temperature (approximately 25°C).

[0039] d. To the cooled mixture, add 0.5 parts of polyether-modified siloxane, 0.3 parts of modified polyacrylate and vinyl copolymer dispersant, and 0.2 parts of pre-mixed organic modified polydimethylsiloxane / hydrophobic silica defoamer in sequence. Stir at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at room temperature to ensure thorough mixing and dispersion of all components.

[0040] e. While maintaining stirring (200 rpm), slowly add 5 parts of nano-sized anatase titanium dioxide using a feeding funnel, controlling the addition rate to be approximately 2.5 g / min per kilogram of final dust suppressant mass (addition time approximately 20 minutes).

[0041] f. After all raw materials are added, continue stirring at 200 rpm for 30 minutes to ensure that the system is mixed evenly and there are no visible particles or agglomerates, thus obtaining the dust suppressant product of this embodiment.

[0042] Examples 2-4 Following the basic preparation method of Example 1, dust suppressants with different formulations were prepared by changing only the amount of each main component added. The specific proportions (unit: parts by mass) are shown in Table 1. The specific types and specifications of each raw material are the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Table 1: Dust suppressant formulations for Examples 1-4 (Unit: parts by mass, 100g / part) To verify the effectiveness of the dust suppressant of the present invention, the following tests were conducted, and the effectiveness data of the present invention were demonstrated using the dust suppressant prepared in Example 1 as an example, while a comparative example was set up for comparison.

[0044] Test Example 1 Under standard laboratory conditions, the removal efficiency of the dust suppressant of this invention on PM2.5 was quantitatively compared with that of pure water and two typical commercially available dust suppressants to verify the technical advantages of this invention.

[0045] Test Method: A dusty environment (dust source from burning paper) was simulated. A constant-volume spray device of the same model (with identical nozzle model, pressure, and flow rate) was used to spray an equal volume of dust suppressant. A calibrated Laoying 2025 handheld online direct-reading PM2.5 / PM10 monitor was used to continuously monitor and record the initial concentration (C0) and the PM2.5 concentration (C10) in the environmental chamber at 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after spraying. t ).

[0046] Calculate the instantaneous removal efficiency at each time point using the formula: Removal efficiency (%) = [(C0 - C t ) / C0] × 100%.

[0047] Comparative sample: Pure water comparison: Deionized water.

[0048] Reagent A (commercially available biological enzyme dust suppressant): purchased from a company in Hebei Province. 2.5 The treatment agent (product number EP-108) should be prepared and used according to the recommended method in its product instructions.

[0049] Reagent B (commercially available polymeric dust suppressant): Dust suppressant (engineering grade) purchased from a company in Shenzhen, prepared and used according to the recommended method in its product instructions.

[0050] Test conditions: Temperature 30±2℃, Humidity 75±5%.

[0051] The test results are shown in Table 2 below. The dust suppressant of this invention (Example 1) exhibited the highest PM2.5 removal efficiency at all observation time points. After 60 minutes of action, its removal efficiency reached 90.3%, significantly better than the 49.4% of the pure water control, and also significantly higher than the 72.8% of the commercially available bio-enzyme dust suppressant (Reagent A) and the 80.4% of the commercially available polymeric dust suppressant (Reagent B). The results indicate that this invention, through the synergistic effect of specific components (trimethylamine ethyl methacrylate copolymer and polyether-modified siloxane), exhibits superior comprehensive performance in dust wetting, agglomeration, and fixation.

[0052] Table 2 Comparison of different reagent application results (PM2.5 concentration unit: μg / m³; removal efficiency unit: %) Test Example 2 This test case systematically examines the effects of different film-forming substrates and surfactant combinations on dust suppression efficiency using the controlled variable method, verifies the synergistic effect of the preferred combination of "trimethylamine methacrylate copolymer + polyether modified siloxane" in this invention, and compares its differences with existing technical solutions.

[0053] Strictly following the preparation method and basic proportions of Example 1 (the proportions of each group refer to the median of the range in Example 1), only the types of film substrate and surfactant were replaced to prepare five comparative formulations: Formula A: Simulates existing technology. The film-forming substrate uses common water-soluble polyacrylic acid resin, the surfactant uses fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (FMEE), and the dispersant uses sodium propionamide acrylate.

[0054] Formulation B: Investigating the individual effect of the surfactant. The film-forming substrate is a common water-soluble polyacrylic acid resin, the surfactant is a polyether-modified siloxane, and the dispersant is a modified polyacrylate and vinyl copolymer.

[0055] Formulation C: Investigating the individual effect of the film-forming substrate. The film-forming substrate is a copolymer of trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, the surfactant is FMEE, and the dispersant is sodium propionamide acrylate.

[0056] Formulation D: Examining the combination of a film-forming substrate with another surfactant. The film-forming substrate is a copolymer of trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, the surfactant is FMEE, and the dispersant is a copolymer of modified polyacrylate and vinyl groups.

[0057] This reagent is the most preferred combination in this invention. The film-forming substrate is a copolymer of trimethylamine methacrylate, the surfactant is a polyether-modified siloxane, and the dispersant is a copolymer of modified polyacrylate and vinyl (i.e., the formulation of Example 1).

[0058] The test method was the same as that in "Test Example 1", and the test was conducted under the same simulated dust environment, instruments and temperature and humidity conditions. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0059] Table 3. Comparison of Application Results of Different Reagent Formulas (PM2.5 Concentration: μg / m³; Removal Efficiency: %) See Table 3: Benchmark comparison: Formulation A (ordinary resin + FMEE) has a removal efficiency of 74.5% at 60 minutes, which represents the benchmark level of the prior art.

[0060] The effect of improving individual components: Formulation B (ordinary resin + polyether-modified siloxane) has an efficiency of 80.1%, indicating that simply replacing the surfactant with polyether-modified siloxane can improve the efficiency of the ordinary resin system.

[0061] Formulation C (special copolymer + FMEE) has an efficiency of 84.3%, indicating that simply replacing the film-forming substrate with trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer can significantly improve performance, even when using conventional FMEE.

[0062] Formulation D (special copolymer + FMEE + preferred dispersant) has an efficiency of 86.0%. Based on formulation C, the dispersant has been optimized, and the performance has been further improved.

[0063] Synergistic effect: The removal efficiency of this reagent reached 91.3% after 60 minutes, significantly higher than formulations B and C, and also higher than formulation D. This indicates that the effect of the trimethylamine methacrylate copolymer and the polyether-modified siloxane is not a simple additive effect, but rather a synergistic effect of "1+1>2". The speculated reason is that the quaternary ammonium salt groups in the copolymer enhance the initial adsorption and charge neutralization of dust, while the ultra-low surface tension of the polyether-modified siloxane allows for rapid wetting and penetration of dust agglomerates. Both play their respective roles and promote each other at different stages of dust capture and agglomeration, ultimately achieving faster and more thorough dust fixation and removal.

[0064] Compared with formulation A, the preferred formulation of this invention (this reagent) improves the removal efficiency by 16.8 percentage points in 60 minutes, an improvement of more than 22%, which fully demonstrates the technological progress of the technical solution of this invention.

[0065] Test Example 3 This test case is mainly used to evaluate the applicability and dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant of the present invention under real and complex environmental conditions.

[0066] Representative open space scenarios were selected, including urban background areas (urban areas of a city), areas near high-intensity pollution sources (straw burning areas), and industrial activity areas (industrial parks). Using vehicle-mounted or fixed spray systems, the dust suppressant prepared in Example 1 of this invention was applied for fixed-point or mobile spraying. Using a calibrated online PM2.5 monitor, the PM2.5 concentration in the downwind direction or target area was continuously monitored at different time points before and after spraying. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0067] Record the average temperature and humidity during the test period, taking into account natural weather conditions. Adjust the spraying operation as needed based on the wind direction and dust source conditions.

[0068] Table 4. Test results of the dust suppressant application effect of the present invention in different scenarios (PM2.5 concentration unit: μg / m³; removal efficiency unit: %) Table 4 shows that the dust suppressant of this invention exhibits significant PM2.5 reduction in different types of scenarios with different initial pollution concentrations. 2.5 Removal effect. In urban background areas, it can remove PM2.5. 2.5 As the concentration continues to decrease, the removal efficiency reaches 52.3%-70.8% within 60-90 minutes. It exhibits extremely strong processing capabilities against very high concentrations of straw burning pollution, achieving a removal efficiency of 88.9% within 60 minutes and 93.2% within 90 minutes. In industrial park scenarios, the removal efficiency also reaches 74.2% within 60 minutes. The results indicate that the dust suppressant of this invention has broad environmental adaptability and high dust suppression performance, especially demonstrating outstanding control effects on high-concentration dust pollution. Furthermore, the data also show that under the same operating conditions, the higher the initial concentration, the greater the absolute removal amount and the higher the removal efficiency, which aligns with the basic principles of pollution control. In practical applications, the application rate and strategy need to be adjusted according to the intensity of the pollution source and the spatial range of the effect to achieve the best results.

[0069] Test Example 4 The purpose of this test case is to verify the performance stability of the dust suppressant of the present invention under different water hardness conditions and to evaluate its adaptability to water sources in practical applications.

[0070] Referring to the Water Quality Association (WQA) standards, water samples with different calcium and magnesium ion contents were prepared by adding standard solutions of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O) to deionized water: slightly hard water (hardness approximately 60-120 mg / L, calculated as CaCO3), medium hard water (hardness approximately 120-180 mg / L), and hard water (hardness >180 mg / L). Deionized water was used as a control (pure water solvent). Each dust suppressant prepared according to the method of Example 1 was compared against PM2.5 using the same simulated dust environment and detection methods as in Test Example 1. 2.5 The removal efficiency varies with time, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0071] Table 5. Dust suppression efficiency test results of the dust suppressant of the present invention under different solvent hardness. (PM2.5 concentration unit: μg / m³; removal efficiency unit: %) See Table 5. Even under hard water conditions, the PM2.5 removal efficiency of the reagent of the present invention remains above 88.6% after 60 minutes, which is very close to its performance in pure water (90.7%), proving that it has excellent hard water resistance.

[0072] Test Example 5 The purpose of this test case is to evaluate the effect of the dust suppressant of the present invention on assisting sterilization or bacteriostasis in actual ambient air, and to provide rich data support for its multifunctional characteristics (dust suppression and purification).

[0073] The on-site experimental procedure was conducted according to "2.1.3 Air Disinfection Efficacy Identification Test" in the "Disinfection Technical Specifications" (2002 edition). A closed room of approximately 10 square meters (temperature 24℃, humidity 73%) was selected as the test site, and the room's ventilation system was turned off. A sampling point was set up in the center of the room, and an air impact sampler with six-stage sieves (FA-1 type) was used to sample airborne microorganisms. Before the test, the number of natural colonies in the room's air was collected and measured as a baseline value. Then, the dust suppressant prepared in Example 1 of this invention was atomized and sprayed using an ultra-low volume sprayer, with an application rate of approximately 25 mL / m³. After spraying, the room was sealed, and after 30 minutes, air samples were collected again at the same sampling point. All sampled plates were incubated in a 37℃ constant temperature incubator for 48 hours, and the colony-forming units (CFU) were counted, and the natural bacterial mortality rate was calculated.

[0074] Test results: The number of natural colonies before application was 2300 cfu / m³, and it dropped to 600 cfu / m³ 30 minutes after application, with a natural colony elimination rate of 73.9%, indicating that the reagent of the present invention has a good auxiliary sterilization effect.

[0075] This sterilization effect may stem from the synergistic effect of multiple components: first, the quaternary ammonium salt cationic groups inherent in the film-forming substrate, trimethylamine ethyl methacrylate copolymer, possess certain antibacterial activity; second, the crosslinking agent, glutaraldehyde, is a recognized highly efficient chemical bactericide, and its residual active or volatile components can play a role; and third, the photocatalyst, nano-titanium dioxide, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) under photocatalytic conditions, which have a bactericidal effect. This characteristic gives the dust suppressant of this invention added value in improving air quality and reducing the risk of microbial transmission, making it particularly suitable for dust control in densely populated areas or places with high hygiene requirements.

[0076] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that "-" and "~" represent a range between two values, and this range includes the endpoints. For example, "AB" represents a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B. "A~B" represents a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B.

[0077] In the description of this invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0078] In the description of the invention, the numerical values ​​of time, temperature, ratio, and mass involved can be based on actual measurements, standard equipment parameters, simplified rounding results, or within an acceptable error range, ensuring the practicality and repeatability of the invention.

[0079] In the description of this invention, the terms “about” or “approximately” are used to express approximate values ​​or ranges, allowing for a certain degree of error to ensure the flexibility and practicality of the description, while remaining within an acceptable range of error, with the maximum error not exceeding 10% of the corresponding value or range.

[0080] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limitations on the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: Film-forming base material: 10-30%; Cross-linking agent: 1-8%; Surface active agent: 0.5-5%; Dispersing agent: 0.1-0.5%; Defoaming agent: 0.1-0.5%; Photocatalyst: 1-5%; Water: balance; The film-forming base material is chloromethyl trimethylamine ethyl methacrylate copolymer, and the surface active agent is polyether modified siloxane.

2. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, The cross-linking agent is glutaraldehyde.

3. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, The dispersing agent comprises modified polyacrylate and vinyl copolymer.

4. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, The defoaming agent is a mixture of organic modified polydimethylsiloxane and hydrophobic particles, which are silica or silicone.

5. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, The photocatalyst is nanoscale anatase titanium dioxide.

6. A method of preparing the dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: 1) Dissolve the film-forming base material in water under heating at 40-70°C, and stir to completely dissolve to form a high molecular polymer solution; 2) Add the cross-linking agent to the solution obtained in step 1), and perform cross-linking reaction under heating at 70-80°C; 3) After the reaction in step 2) is completed and cooled, sequentially add the surface active agent, dispersing agent and defoaming agent to the mixture, and stir to mix; 4) Slowly add the photocatalyst under stirring, and fully stir to mix uniformly to obtain the dust suppressant.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, In step 1), low-speed stirring is adopted during dissolution, the stirring speed is 50-80 rpm, and the stirring time is 2 hours.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein, In step 2), the cross-linking reaction time is 2 hours.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein, In step 4), the rate of adding the photocatalyst is 2-3 g / min per kilogram of the mass of the final dust suppressant.

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