BMA method hydrocyanic acid preparation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical production, in particular to a BMA method hydrocyanic acid preparation device which comprises a mixing barrel, a reactor, a methane inlet pipe, an oxygen inlet pipe and an ammonia inlet pipe, a mesh catalyst is mounted on the inner wall of the reactor, a gas outlet pipe is arranged on one side, close to the bottom end, of the mixing barrel in a communicating mode, and a gas pump is fixedly mounted at the top end of the reactor. The input end of the air pump is communicated with an air suction pipe, a first air guide pipe is communicated between the air outlet pipe and the air suction pipe, and the output end of the air pump is communicated with a second air guide pipe. The cross-shaped stirring plate can simultaneously do circular motion, vertical rotation and left-right reciprocating motion in the mixing barrel, so that three gases can be further effectively stirred and mixed in a large range, and the mixing efficiency of the three gases is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical production technology, specifically to a BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide. Background Technology

[0002] In the chemical production field, hydrogen cyanide, as an important basic chemical raw material, is widely used in the synthesis processes of various industries such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and dyes. Currently, the BMA method (methane, ammonia, and oxygen oxidation method) is one of the more commonly used methods for preparing hydrogen cyanide. This method generates hydrogen cyanide through the chemical reaction of methane, ammonia, and oxygen under specific conditions. However, in the actual BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide, the efficiency and quality of the gas mixing process have a crucial impact on the entire preparation process.

[0003] In traditional BMA (biologically modified atmosphere) hydrogen cyanide preparation apparatuses, gas mixing methods are typically quite simple. Oxygen, methane, and ammonia are usually introduced into the reaction vessel separately, and mixing is either achieved through natural diffusion or by using a simple stirring device. However, natural diffusion mixing is problematic because the three gases have different densities, viscosities, and other physical properties, resulting in varying diffusion rates and ranges within the reaction vessel, leading to uneven mixing. Simple stirring devices, on the other hand, mostly only achieve fixed-direction rotation, agitating the gas only in a localized area and failing to achieve thorough and uniform mixing throughout the entire reaction space. This uneven mixing causes the concentration ratio of reactants in localized areas to deviate from optimal reaction conditions, affecting the rate and selectivity of subsequent chemical reactions. This not only reduces the yield of hydrogen cyanide but may also generate more byproducts, increasing the difficulty and cost of subsequent separation and purification. Therefore, we propose a BMA-based hydrogen cyanide preparation apparatus. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a BMA-based hydrogen cyanide preparation apparatus to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide, comprising a mixing tank, a reactor, a methane inlet pipe, an oxygen inlet pipe, and an ammonia inlet pipe. A mesh catalyst is installed on the inner wall of the reactor. A gas outlet pipe is connected to one side of the mixing tank near the bottom. A gas pump is fixedly installed at the top of the reactor. A suction pipe is connected to the input end of the gas pump. A guide pipe is connected between the gas outlet pipe and the suction pipe. A guide pipe is connected to the output end of the gas pump. The guide pipe penetrates the top of the reactor. A gas outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the reactor. Solenoid valves are installed in all sections of the gas outlet pipe. A baffle is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mixing tank near the top. A premixing pipe is fixedly inserted through the baffle. The methane, oxygen, and ammonia inlets all penetrate the top of the mixing tank and are connected to the premixing pipe. Flow meters are connected to the tops of the methane, oxygen, and ammonia inlets. A fan-shaped mixing mechanism is installed below the baffle. A friction preheating mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the mixing tank.

[0006] Preferably, the fan-driven mixing mechanism includes a rotating drum, a reciprocating lead screw one, and a reciprocating lead screw two. A bracket one is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the premixing tube. A rotating shaft one is rotatably connected to the bracket one via bearings. Multiple turbine blades are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft one. The rotating drum is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft one. The reciprocating lead screw one is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner wall of the premixing tube, and the reciprocating lead screw one extends into the rotating drum. A fixed shaft one is installed at the top end of the reciprocating lead screw one. The reciprocating lead screw two is fixedly installed at the top end of the fixed shaft one, and the reciprocating lead screw two is rotatably connected to the top end of the inner wall of the rotating drum via a bearing seat. A bevel gear one is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft one. The two sides of the rotating drum are rotatably connected via bearings. There is a second rotating shaft, one end of which is fitted with a second bevel gear, which meshes with a first bevel gear. A connecting cylinder is sleeved on the second rotating shaft and is slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft. The outer walls of the first and second reciprocating screws are respectively threaded with a first moving disk and a second moving disk. The outer wall of the second rotating shaft is movably fitted with a connecting disk. The connecting cylinder is rotatably connected to the connecting disk. The first and second moving disks are respectively hinged to the connecting disk with a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod. Multiple cross-shaped stirring plates are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder. By setting the cross-shaped stirring plates, the contact area with the gas in the mixing tank can be increased, thereby improving the stirring quality of the gas in the mixing tank.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting slide plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, and a limiting groove is formed on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft. The limiting slide plate is slidably connected to the limiting groove. By setting the limiting slide plate, the connecting cylinder can be limited, so that the second rotating shaft can drive the connecting cylinder to rotate through the limiting slide plate.

[0008] Preferably, a T-shaped ring plate is installed at one end of the rotating drum, and a T-shaped ring groove is provided on one side of the connecting plate. The T-shaped ring plate and the T-shaped ring groove are rotatably connected. By setting the T-shaped ring plate and the T-shaped ring groove, the rotating drum and the connecting plate can be rotatably connected, so that the rotating drum can be fixedly rotated on the connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, a second limiting groove and a first limiting groove are respectively provided on both sides of the rotating cylinder near the top and bottom ends. The first hinge rod and the second hinge rod movably pass through the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove, respectively. By setting the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove, the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod can be limited respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the friction preheating mechanism includes a friction plate, a second metal heat-conducting cylinder, and an air outlet. The second metal heat-conducting cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mixing tank. The friction plate is in contact with the inner wall of the second metal heat-conducting cylinder. A connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the inner side of the friction plate. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft via a bearing seat. A fixed plate is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft via a bearing. A connecting plate is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the air outlet and the outer wall of the fixed plate. A second connecting plate is fixedly installed on one side of the first connecting plate. The second connecting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second metal heat-conducting cylinder. A second bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet. A third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second bracket via a bearing. Multiple fan blades are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft. The second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are drively connected.

[0011] Preferably, a T-shaped arc plate is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting plate two, and a T-shaped annular groove two is opened on the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder two. The T-shaped arc plate and the T-shaped annular groove two are slidably connected. By setting the T-shaped arc plate and the T-shaped annular groove two, the connecting plate two can be limited, so that the connecting plate two can be fixedly slid on the metal heat-conducting cylinder two.

[0012] Preferably, a synchronous pulley is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, and a synchronous pulley is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft. A synchronous belt is driven by the outer walls of the synchronous pulleys one and two. The synchronous belt passes through the opening at the bottom of the air outlet. By setting the synchronous pulleys one, the synchronous belt, and the synchronous pulleys two, the second rotating shaft can drive the third rotating shaft to rotate, thereby realizing transmission.

[0013] Preferably, a metal heat-conducting cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air duct, and a bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bracket via a bearing. A fixed shaft is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A friction arc plate is installed at one end of the fixed shaft. The friction arc plate is in contact with the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder. Both the friction arc plate and the friction arc plate are made of carbon fiber, while the metal heat-conducting cylinder can be made of heat-conducting metals such as copper or steel. Both the metal heat-conducting cylinder and the metal heat-conducting cylinder are coated with a ceramic coating.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. This invention allows three gases to be simultaneously pre-mixed into a premixing tube, where they undergo direct collision mixing. Then, through a fan-driven mixing mechanism, the cross-shaped stirring plate can simultaneously perform circular motion, vertical rotation, and left-right reciprocating movement within the mixing tank, thereby further agitating and mixing the three gases over a large area, greatly improving the mixing efficiency of the three gases.

[0016] 2. In this invention, by setting a friction preheating mechanism, while the cross-shaped stirring plate is stirring and mixing the gas, the friction arc plate 1 and the metal heat-conducting cylinder 1 will generate friction, causing the metal heat-conducting cylinder 1 to generate a certain amount of heat, thereby increasing the temperature of the mixing barrel. This preheats the mixed gas and increases the functionality of the gas molecules, promoting diffusion and further increasing the efficiency and quality of the mixing of the three gases. Furthermore, by setting fan blades, the diffusion of heat in the mixing barrel can be accelerated, improving the heating efficiency of the mixing barrel.

[0017] 3. This invention can increase the temperature in the first gas delivery pipe, so that the preheated gas mixture will not cool down rapidly during the process of passing through the first gas delivery pipe, the intake pipe and the second gas delivery pipe, thus ensuring the preheating temperature of the gas mixture and ensuring the efficiency of subsequent reactions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section B; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section C; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the friction preheating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of section E in the middle; Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the metal heat-conducting cylinder of the present invention. Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9Enlarged structural diagram of section F in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped stirring plate structure of the present invention.

[0019] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Mixing tank; 2. Baffle plate; 3. Premixing pipe; 4. Methane inlet pipe; 5. Oxygen inlet pipe; 6. Ammonia inlet pipe; 7. Flow meter; 8. Support bracket 1; 9. Rotating shaft 1; 10. Turbine blade 1; 11. Rotating drum; 12. Reciprocating screw 1; 13. Fixed shaft; 14. Reciprocating screw 2; 15. Moving disc 1; 16. Connecting disc; 17. Hinge rod 1; 18. Hinge rod 2; 19. Bevel gear 1; 20. Bevel gear 2; 21. Rotating shaft 2; 22. Limiting groove 1; 23. Limiting groove 2; 24. Connecting cylinder; 25. T-shaped ring plate; 26. T-shaped ring groove 1; 27. Limiting slide plate; 28. Limiting slide groove; 29. ​​Cross stirring plate; 30. Moving disc 2; 31. Gas outlet 31. Pipe 1; 32. Air guide pipe 1; 33. Intake pipe; 34. Air pump; 35. Air guide pipe 2; 36. Reactor; 37. Mesh catalyst; 38. Outlet pipe 2; 39. Metal heat conduction cylinder 1; 40. Solenoid valve; 41. Coupling; 42. Friction arc plate 1; 43. Metal heat conduction cylinder 2; 44. Fixed plate; 45. Connecting plate 1; 46. Connecting plate 2; 47. T-shaped arc plate; 48. T-shaped annular groove 2; 49. Air outlet duct; 50. Support 2; 51. Rotating shaft 3; 52. Synchronous pulley 1; 53. Synchronous belt; 54. Synchronous pulley 2; 55. Fan blade; 56. Support 3; 57. Rotating shaft 4; 58. Turbine blade 2; 59. Fixed shaft; 60. Friction arc plate 2. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figures 1-11The apparatus shown is a BMA-based hydrogen cyanide preparation device, comprising a mixing tank 1, a reactor 36, a methane inlet pipe 4, an oxygen inlet pipe 5, and an ammonia inlet pipe 6. A mesh catalyst 37 is installed on the inner wall of the reactor 36. An outlet pipe 31 is connected to one side of the mixing tank 1 near its bottom. A gas pump 34 is fixedly installed at the top of the reactor 36. An intake pipe 33 is connected to the input end of the gas pump 34. A guide pipe 32 connects the outlet pipe 31 and the intake pipe 33. A guide pipe 35 connects to the output end of the gas pump 34. The guide pipe 35 passes through… A second gas outlet pipe 38 is connected to the top of reactor 36 and the bottom of reactor 36. Solenoid valves 40 are installed in both the gas outlet pipe 31 and the gas outlet pipe 31. A baffle 2 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of mixing tank 1 near the top. A premixing pipe 3 is fixedly connected through the baffle 2. Methane inlet pipe 4, oxygen inlet pipe 5 and ammonia inlet pipe 6 are all connected to the top of mixing tank 1 and premixing pipe 3. Flow meters 7 are connected to the top of methane inlet pipe 4, oxygen inlet pipe 5 and ammonia inlet pipe 6. A fan-shaped mixing mechanism is installed below the baffle 2. A friction preheating mechanism is installed on the inner wall of mixing tank 1.

[0022] Furthermore, the fan-driven mixing mechanism includes a rotating drum 11, a reciprocating screw 12, and a reciprocating screw 14. A bracket 8 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the premixing pipe 3. A rotating shaft 9 is rotatably connected to the bracket 8 via bearings. Multiple turbine blades are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 9. The rotating drum 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 9. The reciprocating screw 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner wall of the premixing pipe 3, and the reciprocating screw 12 extends into the rotating drum 11. A fixed shaft 13 is installed at the top end of the reciprocating screw. The reciprocating screw 14 is fixedly installed at the top end of the fixed shaft 13, and the reciprocating screw 14 is rotatably connected to the top end of the inner wall of the rotating drum 11 via a bearing seat. A bevel gear 19 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 13. Rotary cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to two sides of rotating shaft 21 via bearings. One end of rotating shaft 21 is equipped with bevel gear 20, which meshes with bevel gear 19. A connecting cylinder 24 is sleeved on rotating shaft 21 and is slidably connected to the outer wall of rotating shaft 21. The outer walls of reciprocating screw 12 and reciprocating screw 24 are respectively threaded with moving disk 15 and moving disk 20. The outer wall of rotating shaft 21 is movably sleeved with connecting disk 16. Connecting cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to connecting disk 16. Moving disk 15 and moving disk 20 are respectively hinged to connecting disk 16 with hinge rod 17 and hinge rod 28. Multiple cross-shaped stirring plates 29 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of connecting cylinder 24. By setting the cross-shaped stirring plate 29, the contact area with the gas in the mixing tank 1 can be increased, thereby improving the stirring quality of the gas in the mixing tank 1.

[0023] Furthermore, a limiting slide plate 27 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 24, and a limiting groove 28 is opened on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21, with the limiting slide plate 27 and the limiting groove 28 slidably connected. The limiting slide plate 27 can limit the connecting cylinder 24, so that the rotating shaft 21 can drive the connecting cylinder 24 to rotate through the limiting slide plate 27.

[0024] Furthermore, a T-shaped ring plate 25 is installed at one end of the rotating drum 11, and a T-shaped ring groove 26 is opened on one side of the connecting plate 16. The T-shaped ring plate 25 and the T-shaped ring groove 26 are rotatably connected. By setting T-shaped ring plate 25 and T-shaped ring groove 26, the rotating drum 11 and the connecting plate 16 can be rotatably connected, so that the rotating drum 11 can be fixedly rotated on the connecting plate 16.

[0025] Furthermore, limit groove 23 and limit groove 12 are respectively opened on both sides of the rotating cylinder 11 near the top and bottom ends, and hinge rod 17 and hinge rod 28 respectively move through limit groove 12 and limit groove 23. By setting limit groove 1 22 and limit groove 23, the hinge rod 1 17 and hinge rod 2 18 can be limited respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, the friction preheating mechanism includes a friction plate, a second metal heat-conducting cylinder 43, and an air outlet 49. The second metal heat-conducting cylinder 43 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mixing tank 1. The friction plate is in contact with the inner wall of the second metal heat-conducting cylinder 43. A connecting shaft 41 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the friction plate. The connecting shaft 41 is rotatably connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft 21 through a bearing seat. A fixed plate 44 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 21 through a bearing. A connecting plate 45 is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the air outlet 49 and the outer wall of the fixed plate 44. A connecting plate 46 is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate 45. The connecting plate 46 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second metal heat-conducting cylinder 43. A bracket 50 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet 49. A third rotating shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the bracket 50 through a bearing. Multiple fan blades 55 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft 51. The second rotating shaft 21 and the third rotating shaft 51 are connected in a transmission manner.

[0027] Furthermore, a T-shaped arc plate 47 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting plate 46, and a T-shaped annular groove 48 is opened on the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder 43. The T-shaped arc plate 47 and the T-shaped annular groove 48 are slidably connected. Among them, by setting the T-shaped arc plate 47 and the T-shaped annular groove 48, the connecting plate 46 can be limited, so that the connecting plate 46 can be fixedly slid on the metal heat-conducting cylinder 43.

[0028] Furthermore, a synchronous pulley 52 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 21, and a synchronous pulley 54 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft 51. A synchronous belt 53 is driven sleeved on the outer wall of the synchronous pulley 52 and the synchronous pulley 54, and the synchronous belt 53 movably passes through the opening at the bottom of the air outlet duct 49. By setting up synchronous pulley 1 52, synchronous belt 53 and synchronous pulley 2 54, the rotating shaft 2 21 can drive the rotating shaft 3 51 to rotate, thereby realizing transmission.

[0029] Furthermore, a metal heat-conducting cylinder 39 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air duct 32, and a bracket 56 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder 39. A rotating shaft 57 is rotatably connected to the bracket 356 via a bearing. A fixed shaft 2 59 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 4 57. A friction arc plate 2 60 is installed at one end of the fixed shaft 2 59, and the friction arc plate 2 60 contacts the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder 39. Among them, the friction arc plate 1 42 and the friction arc plate 2 60 are both made of carbon fiber, while the metal heat conduction cylinder 1 39 and the metal heat conduction cylinder 2 43 can be made of heat-conducting metals such as copper or steel, and the exterior of the metal heat conduction cylinder 1 39 and the metal heat conduction cylinder 2 43 are coated with ceramic coating.

[0030] Working principle: During operation, oxygen, methane, and ammonia are simultaneously supplied to the premixing pipe 3 through oxygen inlet pipe 5, methane inlet pipe 4, and ammonia inlet pipe 6, respectively. In the premixing pipe 3, they undergo pre-mixing through mutual impact. The gas then flows through the premixing pipe 3 into the mixing tank 1. As the gas passes through the premixing pipe 3 and enters the mixing tank 1, it drives the turbine blade 10 to rotate. The turbine blade 10 drives the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating drum 11. The rotating drum 11 drives the rotating shaft 21 in a circular motion, which in turn drives the bevel gear 20 in a circular motion. The bevel gear 20 moves in a circular motion within the bevel gear 1... Under the action of 9, rotation is generated. The bevel gear 20 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 21 rotates while making circular motion. The rotating shaft 21 drives the connecting cylinder 24 to rotate through the limiting slide plate 27. The connecting cylinder 24 drives the cross stirring plate 29 to rotate vertically, so that the cross stirring plate 29 makes circular motion and vertical rotation in the mixing tank 1. The rotating shaft 21 also drives the connecting plate 16 to make circular motion. The connecting plate 16 drives the moving plate 15 and the moving plate 20 to rotate through the hinge rod 17 and the hinge rod 28 respectively, so that the moving plate 15 and the moving plate 20 are respectively driven by the reciprocating screw 12. The reciprocating screw 14 moves up and down. When the moving disc 15 and the moving disc 20 approach each other, the moving disc 15 and the moving disc 20 respectively drive the connecting disc 16 to move towards the inner wall of the mixing tank 1 through the hinge rod 17 and the hinge rod 28. The connecting disc 16 drives the connecting cylinder 24 to move through the T-shaped ring plate 25. The connecting cylinder 24 drives the cross stirring plate 29 to move towards the inner wall of the mixing tank 1. When the moving disc 15 and the moving disc 20 move away from each other, the moving disc 15 and the moving disc 20 respectively drive the connecting disc 16 towards the rotating drum 11 through the hinge rod 17 and the hinge rod 28. The connecting plate 16 moves, and the connecting cylinder 24 moves through the T-shaped ring plate 25. The connecting cylinder 24 moves the cross stirring plate 29 towards the rotating cylinder 11, so that the cross stirring plate 29 can move back and forth. Through the above structure, the three gases can be simultaneously transported to the premixing tube 3 in advance, and direct collision mixing occurs in the premixing tube 3. Then, through the fan-driven mixing mechanism, the cross stirring plate 29 can simultaneously perform circular motion, vertical rotation and back and forth movement in the mixing tank 1, so that the three gases can be further stirred and mixed effectively over a large range, greatly improving the mixing efficiency of the three gases.Simultaneously, as the rotating shaft 21 performs circular motion, it drives the friction arc plate 42 to slide on the metal heat-conducting cylinder 43 via the connecting shaft 41. This generates friction between the friction arc plate 42 and the metal heat-conducting cylinder 43, causing the metal heat-conducting cylinder 43 to generate heat in the mixing tank 1. The rotation of the rotating shaft 21 also drives the synchronous pulley 52 to rotate. The synchronous pulley 52, via the synchronous belt 53, drives the synchronous pulley 54 to rotate. The synchronous pulley 54 drives the rotating shaft 51 to rotate, which in turn drives the fan blades 55 to rotate. The heat generated on the metal heat-conducting cylinder 43 is blown towards the center of the mixing tank 1 through the air outlet 49. This structure allows the gas to be agitated and mixed by the cross-shaped stirring plate 29, while the friction arc plate 42 rubs against the metal heat-conducting cylinder 39, generating heat in the cylinder. This increases the temperature of the mixing tank 1, preheating the mixed gas and enhancing the molecular properties of the gas, promoting diffusion and further increasing the efficiency and quality of the three-gas mixing. Furthermore, the fan blades 55 accelerate the heating process. The diffusion of gas in mixing tank 1 improves the heating efficiency of mixing tank 1. After the three gases in mixing tank 1 are mixed, the solenoid valve 40 in the outlet pipe 31 is opened, and then the gas pump 34 is started. The gas pump 34 draws the mixed gas in mixing tank 1 through outlet pipe 31, gas guide pipe 32 and suction pipe 33, and then delivers it to reactor 36 through gas guide pipe 35, so that the mixed gas reacts with the mesh catalyst 37 to produce hydrogen cyanide. As the mixed gas passes through gas guide pipe 32, it drives turbine blade 58. The turbine blade 2 58 rotates, driving the shaft 4 57 to rotate. The shaft 4 57, through the fixed shaft 2 59, drives the friction arc plate 2 60 to perform circular motion, causing friction between the friction arc plate 2 60 and the metal heat-conducting cylinder 1 39. This generates heat in the gas guide pipe 1 32. This structure increases the temperature in the gas guide pipe 1 32, preventing the preheated mixture from rapidly cooling down as it passes through the gas guide pipe 1 32, the intake pipe 33, and the gas guide pipe 2 35. This ensures the preheating temperature of the mixture and thus guarantees the efficiency of subsequent reactions.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A BMA-based hydrogen cyanide preparation apparatus, comprising a mixing tank (1), a reactor (36), a methane inlet pipe (4), an oxygen inlet pipe (5), and an ammonia inlet pipe (6), wherein a mesh catalyst (37) is installed on the inner wall of the reactor (36), an outlet pipe (31) is connected to one side of the mixing tank (1) near the bottom, a gas pump (34) is fixedly installed at the top of the reactor (36), an intake pipe (33) is connected to the input end of the gas pump (34), a guide pipe (32) is connected between the outlet pipe (31) and the intake pipe (33), a guide pipe (35) is connected to the output end of the gas pump (34), the guide pipe (35) penetrates the top of the reactor (36), an outlet pipe (38) is connected to the bottom of the reactor (36), and a solenoid valve (40) is installed in all the pipes of the outlet pipe (31), characterized in that: A baffle (2) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mixing tank (1) near the top. A premixing pipe (3) is fixedly inserted through the baffle (2). The methane inlet pipe (4), oxygen inlet pipe (5) and ammonia inlet pipe (6) all pass through the top of the mixing tank (1) and are connected to the premixing pipe (3). A flow meter (7) is connected to the top of the methane inlet pipe (4), oxygen inlet pipe (5) and ammonia inlet pipe (6). A fan-shaped mixing mechanism is provided below the baffle (2). A friction preheating mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the mixing tank (1).

2. The BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-driven mixing mechanism includes a rotating drum (11), a reciprocating screw one (12), and a reciprocating screw two (14). A bracket one (8) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the premixing tube (3). A rotating shaft one (9) is rotatably connected to the bracket one (8) via a bearing. Multiple turbine blades are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft one (9). The rotating drum (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft one (9). The reciprocating screw one (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner wall of the premixing tube (3), and the reciprocating screw one (12) extends into the rotating drum (11). A fixed shaft one (13) is installed at the top end of the reciprocating screw. The reciprocating screw two (14) is fixedly installed at the top end of the fixed shaft one (13), and the reciprocating screw two (14) is rotatably connected to the top end of the inner wall of the rotating drum (11) via a bearing seat. A bevel gear one (19) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft one (13). The rotating drum (11) 1) A rotating shaft 2 (21) is rotatably connected to both sides by bearings. A bevel gear 2 (20) is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 2 (21). The bevel gear 2 (20) meshes with the bevel gear 1 (19). A connecting cylinder (24) is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 (21), and the connecting cylinder (24) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 2 (21). The outer walls of the reciprocating screw 1 (12) and the reciprocating screw 2 (14) are respectively threaded with a moving disk 1 (15) and a moving disk 2 (30). The outer wall of the rotating shaft 2 (21) is movably sleeved with a connecting disk (16). The connecting cylinder (24) and the connecting disk (16) are rotatably connected. The moving disk 1 (15) and the moving disk 2 (30) are respectively hinged to the connecting disk (16) with a hinge rod 1 (17) and a hinge rod 2 (18). Multiple cross-shaped stirring plates (29) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder (24).

3. The BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting cylinder (24) is fixedly installed with a limiting slide plate (27), and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (21) is provided with a limiting groove (28). The limiting slide plate (27) and the limiting groove (28) are slidably connected.

4. The BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide according to claim 2, characterized in that: A T-shaped ring plate (25) is installed at one end of the rotating drum (11), and a T-shaped ring groove (26) is opened on one side of the connecting plate (16). The T-shaped ring plate (25) and the T-shaped ring groove (26) are rotatably connected.

5. The BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating drum (11) has a second limiting groove (23) and a first limiting groove (22) respectively near the top and bottom of the drum. The first hinge rod (17) and the second hinge rod (18) respectively move through the first limiting groove (22) and the second limiting groove (23).

6. The apparatus for preparing hydrogen cyanide using the BMA method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction preheating mechanism includes a friction plate, a second metal heat-conducting cylinder (43), and an air outlet (49). The second metal heat-conducting cylinder (43) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mixing tank (1). The friction plate is in contact with the inner wall of the second metal heat-conducting cylinder (43). A connecting shaft (41) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the friction plate. The connecting shaft (41) is rotatably connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft (21) through a bearing seat. A fixed plate (44) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (21) through a bearing. The outer wall of the air outlet (49) is connected to the fixed plate (44). 44) A connecting plate 1 (45) is fixedly connected between the outer walls. A connecting plate 2 (46) is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate 1 (45). The connecting plate 2 (46) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder 2 (43). A bracket 2 (50) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet cylinder (49). A rotating shaft 3 (51) is rotatably connected to the bracket 2 (50) through a bearing. Multiple fan blades (55) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 3 (51). The rotating shaft 2 (21) is connected to the rotating shaft 3 (51) in a transmission connection.

7. The BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide according to claim 6, characterized in that: A T-shaped arc plate (47) is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting plate two (46), and a T-shaped annular groove two (48) is opened on the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder two (43). The T-shaped arc plate (47) and the T-shaped annular groove two (48) are slidably connected.

8. The BMA method for preparing hydrogen cyanide according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second rotating shaft (21) is fixedly fitted with a first synchronous wheel (52), the outer wall of the third rotating shaft (51) is fixedly fitted with a second synchronous wheel (54), the outer walls of the first synchronous wheel (52) and the second synchronous wheel (54) are fitted with a synchronous belt (53), and the synchronous belt (53) moves through the opening at the bottom of the air outlet (49).

9. The apparatus for preparing hydrogen cyanide using the BMA method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal heat-conducting cylinder (39) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air duct (32). A bracket (56) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder (39). A rotating shaft (57) is rotatably connected to the bracket (56) via a bearing. A fixed shaft (59) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (57). A friction arc plate (60) is installed at one end of the fixed shaft (59). The friction arc plate (60) is in contact with the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting cylinder (39).

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