Pressing die for copper-based powder sheet and machining method of pressing die

Abstract

The invention relates to a press-fit die for copper-based powder sheets and a machining method of the press-fit die, and belongs to the technical field of copper-based friction material forming equipment.The press-fit die comprises a guide die plate, a lower die holder is arranged at the lower end of the guide die plate, a jacking oil cylinder is arranged between the guide die plate and the lower die holder, a jacking die plate is arranged at the upper end of the guide die plate, and an upper die frame is arranged above the jacking die plate; a fixed mold plate matched with the jacking mold plate in a mold closing mode is arranged between the upper mold frame and the jacking mold plate, a heater is arranged between the fixed mold plate and the upper mold frame, and a heat conduction column penetrating through the fixed mold plate and extending to the jacking mold plate is arranged at the lower end of the heater. The upper end face of the jacking mold plate and the lower end face of the fixed mold plate are each provided with a copper-based powder piece forming cavity, and oil groove forming convex rings are arranged in the copper-based powder piece forming cavities. The device has the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation and good operation stability. And densification forming of the copper-based powder at high temperature and high pressure can be achieved, the size precision, density uniformity and surface quality of products are guaranteed, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper-based friction material forming equipment technology, specifically to a pressing mold for copper-based powder sheets and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Copper-based powder metallurgy technology originated in the early 20th century, initially used to produce refractory metals (such as tungsten filaments) and cemented carbides. With the development of industries such as automobiles, machinery, and electronics, copper-based powder metallurgy has gradually become a key manufacturing process for high-performance components such as friction materials, self-lubricating bearings, and electrical contacts due to its excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, wear resistance, and self-lubricating properties.

[0003] Copper-based powder sheet lamination die technology is a product of the cross-integration of powder metallurgy and precision manufacturing. Its development relies on the synergistic progress of materials science, die design, and process innovation. With the increasing industrial demand for high-performance, lightweight, and environmentally friendly parts, this technology will continue to evolve towards higher precision, intelligence, and green manufacturing.

[0004] Copper-based powder pressing molds are mainly used to press copper-based alloy powders into shape under high temperature and high pressure, and sinter them into specific structures (such as oil grooves). Copper-based alloys have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and wear resistance, but they are brittle and have low strength after cold pressing, so hot pressing and sintering are needed to improve density and bonding strength. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a pressing mold for copper-based powder sheets and its processing method. It features a compact structure, convenient operation, and good operational stability. It enables the densification of copper-based powder under high temperature and pressure, ensuring product dimensional accuracy, density uniformity, and surface quality, making it suitable for mass industrial production.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions: A pressing mold for copper-based powder sheets includes a guide template, a lower mold base at the lower end of the guide template, a lifting cylinder between the guide template and the lower mold base, a lifting template at the upper end of the guide template, an upper mold frame above the lifting template, a fixed template for mating with the lifting template between the upper mold frame and the lifting template, a heater between the fixed template and the upper mold frame, and a heat-conducting column extending through the fixed template and reaching the lifting template at the lower end of the heater. Both the upper surface of the lifting template and the lower surface of the fixed template have copper-based powder sheet forming cavities, and each copper-based powder sheet forming cavity has an oil groove forming protrusion.

[0007] Preferably, a lower connecting template is provided between the lifting template and the guide template, and an upper connecting template is provided between the upper mold frame and the heater.

[0008] Preferably, the upper mold frame is provided with guide posts on both sides and between the guide template, which are threadedly connected and fixed to the upper mold frame. A linear bearing sleeve is provided between the guide posts and the guide template, which is nested and connected to the guide posts.

[0009] Preferably, handles are provided on both sides of the lifting template and both sides of the fixed template, and a positioning pin is provided between the lifting template and the fixed template.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting cylinder is provided with several support pads that are bolted to the lower mold base and in contact with the lifting template.

[0011] A method for processing a pressing mold includes the following steps: Step 1: In the preparation stage, the mold is closed, the heater is started, and the fixed mold plate and the lifting mold plate are preheated through the heat conduction column until the set process temperature is reached.

[0012] Step 2: During feeding, the external press drives the fixed template to move upward, opening the copper-based powder forming cavity. The operator puts a certain amount of copper-based powder into the copper-based powder forming cavity of the lifting template.

[0013] Step 3: During mold closing and pressing, the external press drives the upper mold frame downwards, and the guide pillars, guided by the linear bearing sleeves, ensure precise mold closing. The fixed mold plate and the lifting mold plate close, the positioning pin is inserted, and the precise positioning is completed. Then, the external press applies pressure, while the heater continuously supplies heat, causing the powder to densify and form under high temperature and high pressure.

[0014] Step 4: Pressure holding and cooling. Maintain the pressure and temperature for a period of time to ensure that the material reacts and solidifies fully.

[0015] Step 5: Open the mold. The external press rises, and the upper mold frame drives the fixed platen to move upward to open the mold.

[0016] Step 6: The piston rod of the lifting cylinder moves upward, pushing the lifting template to push the formed copper-based powder sheet out of the cavity of the fixed template.

[0017] Step 7: The operator removes the finished product, completing one work cycle; then the lifting cylinder is reset, ready for the next pressing.

[0018] The present invention can achieve the following effects: This invention provides a pressing mold for copper-based powder sheets and its processing method. Compared with existing technologies, it has the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation, and good operational stability. It can realize the densification molding of copper-based powder under high temperature and high pressure, ensuring product dimensional accuracy, density uniformity, and surface quality, and is suitable for mass industrial production.

[0019] High-precision guidance and positioning: The combination of coarse guidance with "guide pillars + linear bearings" and fine positioning with "positioning pins" ensures the accuracy of repeated mold closing, effectively avoids mold misalignment and damage, and extends the mold life.

[0020] Efficient and uniform heating: The heater, combined with the heat-conducting column design, enables direct, rapid, and uniform heating of the molding cavity, reducing heat loss and temperature gradient, and ensuring consistent product quality.

[0021] Stable and reliable ejection system: The hydraulic ejection force is large and stable, and the support pad protects the oil cylinder from high pressure impact during pressing. The structure is reasonably designed and the operation is stable.

[0022] High degree of functional integration: It integrates heating, pressing, forming, ejection and other functions into one unit, with a compact structure, high degree of automation and significantly improved production efficiency.

[0023] Human-centered design: The handle facilitates daily maintenance and installation of the mold, reflecting consideration for ease of operation.

[0024] Meeting specific functional requirements: The design of the oil groove forming convex ring enables the product to have a functional structure in one molding, eliminating the need for subsequent processing steps. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed template and the lifting template in the pressing state of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed template of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting template of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Upper mold frame; 2. Upper connecting template; 3. Heater; 4. Heat-conducting column; 5. Fixed template; 6. Lifting template; 7. Guide column; 8. Linear bearing sleeve; 9. Lower mold base; 10. Support pad; 11. Lifting cylinder; 12. Guide template; 13. Lower connecting template; 14. Copper-based powder sheet forming cavity; 15. Positioning pin; 16. Handle; 17. Oil groove forming convex ring. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example: Figure 1-4As shown, a pressing mold for copper-based powder sheets includes a guide template 12, a lower mold base 9 at the lower end of the guide template 12, a lifting cylinder 11 between the guide template 12 and the lower mold base 9, and a lifting template 6 at the upper end of the guide template 12. Four support pads 10, bolted to the lower mold base 9 and in contact with the lifting template 6, are provided around the lifting cylinder 11. A lower connecting template 13 is provided between the lifting template 6 and the guide template 12. An upper mold frame 1 is provided above the lifting template 6. Guide posts 7, threadedly connected to the guide template 12, are provided on both sides of the upper mold frame 1. Linear bearing sleeves 8, nestedly connected to the guide posts 7, are provided between the guide posts 7 and the guide template 12. A fixed template 5, which engages with the lifting template 6, is provided between the upper mold frame 1 and the lifting template 6. Copper-based powder sheet forming cavities 14 are provided on the upper surface of the lifting template 6 and the lower surface of the fixed template 5. Oil groove forming protrusions 17 are provided within the copper-based powder sheet forming cavities 14. Handles 16 are provided on both sides of the lifting template 6 and both sides of the fixed template 5. A positioning pin 15 is provided between the lifting template 6 and the fixed template 5. A heater 3 is provided between the fixed template 5 and the upper mold frame 1. An upper connecting template 2 is provided between the upper mold frame 1 and the heater 3. A heat-conducting column 4 is provided at the lower end of the heater 3, which penetrates the fixed template 5 and extends to the lifting template 6.

[0032] A method for processing a pressing mold includes the following steps: Step 1: In the preparation stage, the mold is closed, the heater 3 is started, and the fixed mold plate 5 and the lifting mold plate 6 are preheated through the heat conduction column 4 until the set process temperature is reached.

[0033] Step 2: During feeding, the external press drives the fixed template 5 to move upward, opening the copper-based powder forming cavity 14. The operator puts a certain amount of copper-based powder into the copper-based powder forming cavity 14 of the lifting template 6.

[0034] Step 3: During the mold closing and pressing, the external press drives the upper mold frame 1 to move downwards. The guide column 7, guided by the linear bearing sleeve 8, ensures precise mold closing. The fixed mold plate 5 and the lifting mold plate 6 close, and the positioning pin 15 is inserted to complete the precise positioning. Then, the external press applies pressure, and the heater 3 continuously supplies heat, so that the powder is densified and formed under high temperature and high pressure.

[0035] Step 4: Pressure holding and cooling. Maintain the pressure and temperature for a period of time to ensure that the material reacts and solidifies fully.

[0036] Step 5: Open the mold. The external press rises, and the upper mold frame 1 drives the fixed template 5 to move upward to open the mold.

[0037] Step 6: The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 11 moves upward, pushing the lifting template 6 to push the formed copper-based powder sheet out of the cavity of the fixed template 5.

[0038] Step 7: The operator removes the finished product, completing one work cycle; then the lifting cylinder is reset, ready for the next pressing.

[0039] In summary, the pressing mold and its processing method for copper-based powder have the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation, and good operational stability. It can achieve the densification of copper-based powder under high temperature and high pressure, ensuring product dimensional accuracy, density uniformity, and surface quality, making it suitable for mass industrial production.

[0040] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are covered by the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A press tool for copper-based powder sheets, characterized by: The utility model relates to a copper-based powder sheet forming device, including guide template (12), the lower end of guide template (12) is equipped with lower die seat (9), be equipped with jacking oil cylinder (11) between guide template (12) and lower die seat (9), the upper end of guide template (12) is equipped with jacking template (6), the top of jacking template (6) is equipped with upper die carrier (1), be equipped with with jacking template (6) the die half of fixed template (5) of cooperation between upper die carrier (1) and jacking template (6), be equipped with heater (3) between fixed template (5) and upper die carrier (1), the lower end of heater (3) is equipped with heat conduction column (4) extending to jacking template (6) through fixed template (5), the upper end surface of jacking template (6), the lower end surface of fixed template (5) are all equipped with copper-based powder sheet forming cavity (14), be equipped with oil groove forming convex ring (17) in copper-based powder sheet forming cavity (14).

2. The press-mold for copper-based powder sheet according to claim 1, characterized by: Be equipped with lower connecting template (13) between jacking template (6) and guide template (12), be equipped with upper connecting template (2) between upper die carrier (1) and heater (3).

3. The press-mold for copper-based powder sheet according to claim 1, characterized by: Be equipped with guide column (7) with upper die carrier (1) screw type sleeve connection fixed between the both sides of upper die carrier (1) and guide template (12), be equipped with linear bearing sleeve (8) with guide column (7) nested type connection between guide column (7) and guide template (12).

4. The press-mold for copper-based powder sheet according to claim 1, characterized by: The both sides of jacking template (6), the both sides of fixed template (5) are all equipped with handle (16), be equipped with positioning pin (15) between jacking template (6) and fixed template (5).

5. The press-mold for copper-based powder sheet according to claim 1, characterized by: The periphery of jacking oil cylinder (11) is equipped with a plurality of support pad (10) with lower die seat (9 bolt fixed and with jacking template (6) contact).

6. A processing method of a press mold according to claim 4, characterized by Including following operation steps: First step: preparation stage carries out mould closing, heater (3) starts, through heat conduction column (4) to fixed template (5) and jacking template (6) preheating, until reaching the set process temperature; Second step: when feeding, external press drives fixed template (5) to go up, opens copper-based powder sheet forming cavity (14), and the operator puts the quantitative copper-based powder into the copper-based powder sheet forming cavity (14) of jacking template (6); Third step: when closing and pressing, external press drives upper die carrier (1) to go down, and guide column (7) is guided under linear bearing sleeve (8) to ensure accurate closing;Fixed template (5) and jacking template (6) are closed, positioning pin (15) is inserted, complete accurate positioning, then external press applies pressure, and heater (3) continues to heat, so that the powder is densified under high temperature and high pressure; Fourth step: pressure maintaining and cooling, keep pressure and temperature for a period of time to ensure that the material fully reacts and sets; Fifth step: open mould, external press rises, and upper die carrier (1) drives fixed template (5) to go up and open mould; Sixth step: the piston rod of jacking oil cylinder (11) moves upward, and jacking template (6) pushes the copper-based powder sheet formed from the cavity of fixed template (5); Seventh step: the operator takes out the finished product, and one working cycle is completed;Then jacking oil cylinder resets, prepares for the next pressing.

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