Electric cracking device based on rotary spike structure carbon microelectrode column

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nucleic acid extraction, in particular to an electric cracking device based on a rotary spike structure carbon microelectrode column, which comprises a fixing device for fixing a sample tube, a mounting frame and a lifting structure arranged on the mounting frame and moving along the vertical direction of the mounting frame, the lifting end of the lifting structure is provided with a carbon microelectrode column located above the sample tube, the carbon microelectrode column comprises a column body and a carbon microelectrode connected to the peripheral surface of the column body, and the carbon microelectrode is provided with a protruding structure used for generating a strong local electric field; the electric cracking device at least comprises a driving device, and the driving device is connected with the fixing device to drive the fixing device to rotate or the driving device is installed at the lifting end of the lifting structure and connected with the carbon microelectrode column to drive the carbon microelectrode column to rotate. According to the invention, a rapid, efficient and convenient new scheme can be provided for splitting and nucleic acid extraction of cell structure microorganisms such as fungi and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nucleic acid extraction, and more particularly to an electric lysis device based on a rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, for the detection of fungal infection, nucleic acid detection methods have become the main method due to their high sensitivity and strong specificity. Because the cell wall of fungi is thick and tough, conventional lysis methods are difficult to break its structure and release nucleic acids. Therefore, in the process of nucleic acid detection of fungi, nucleic acid extraction as the first step of detection still faces challenges. For example, mechanical grinding combined with chemical method is used for nucleic acid extraction in clinic, which requires at least 4-6 steps and takes more than 1.5 hours. In clinical scenarios such as ICU or outpatient and emergency department, a more rapid and simple fungal infection detection method is needed. In view of this demand, it is necessary to develop a new and simple method for rapid and efficient lysis of fungi and release of their nucleic acids, and use it for rapid nucleic acid detection of fungi. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the process of nucleic acid extraction in the process of nucleic acid detection of fungi is complicated and time-consuming, and to provide an electric lysis device and method based on a rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column, which can rapidly and efficiently lyse fungi and release the nucleic acids of fungi.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: Provided is an electric lysis device based on a rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column, comprising a fixing device for fixing a sample tube, a mounting frame, and a lifting structure provided on the mounting frame and moving in the vertical direction of the mounting frame, a carbon microelectrode column located above the sample tube is mounted on the lifting end of the lifting structure, the carbon microelectrode column comprises a column body and a carbon microelectrode connected to the outer peripheral surface of the column body, the carbon microelectrode has a protruding structure for generating a strong local electric field; the electric lysis device further comprises at least a driving device, the driving device is connected to the fixing device to drive the fixing device to rotate the sample tube or the driving device is mounted on the lifting end of the lifting structure and connected to the carbon microelectrode column to drive the carbon microelectrode column to rotate.

[0005] In the technical solution of the present application, the sample to be tested is added to the electric lysis sample tube, the electric lysis voltage parameter is set according to the sample object to be tested, the carbon microelectrode column is immersed in the sample solution to be tested in the sample tube under the control of the lifting structure, the carbon microelectrode is kept below the liquid level, then the driving device drives the sample tube to rotate for a certain time or the driving device drives the carbon microelectrode column to rotate for a certain time, the driving device stops rotating after sufficient lysis, the lifting structure controls the carbon microelectrode column to separate from the sample tube, and then the lysed sample solution is taken out for standby detection. Through the setting of the protruding structure, the strong local electric field of the carbon microelectrode reduces the voltage required for irreversible electroporation of fungi, and uses the electroporation effect to rapidly lyse fungi and release their nucleic acids; since the driving device is connected with the fixing device to drive the fixing device to rotate the sample tube or the driving device is installed on the lifting end of the lifting structure and connected with the carbon microelectrode column to drive the carbon microelectrode column to rotate, a dynamic flow field can be formed in the sample tube, and sufficient lysis of the sample is realized through the dynamic flow field, thereby providing a new scheme for rapid, efficient and convenient lysis and nucleic acid extraction of fungal and other cell structure microorganisms.

[0006] Further, the carbon microelectrode includes a plurality of electrically connected first carbon microelectrodes and a plurality of electrically connected second carbon microelectrodes, a spacing is formed between adjacent two first carbon microelectrodes, and each second carbon microelectrode is located in each spacing; the protruding structure is formed on the first carbon microelectrode or / and the second carbon microelectrode.

[0007] Further, the spacing between the protruding structure on the first carbon microelectrode and the protruding structure on the adjacent second carbon microelectrode is less than 100 μm.

[0008] Further, the first carbon microelectrode and the second carbon microelectrode are electrically connected through a first carbon microelectrode main electrode and a second carbon microelectrode main electrode, respectively.

[0009] Further, the protruding structure is substantially perpendicular to the length direction of the first carbon microelectrode or the second carbon microelectrode and protrudes from both sides of the first carbon microelectrode or the second carbon microelectrode.

[0010] Further, the protruding structure includes one or more of a spike, a triangle, and an oval.

[0011] Further, the driving device is connected with the fixing device, the driving device includes a first driving motor, the first driving motor is installed on the mounting frame, and the fixing device is fixed on the output shaft of the first driving motor.

[0012] Further, the lifting structure comprises a guide rail, a sliding block in sliding connection with the guide rail and a second driving motor, the guide rail is arranged along the vertical direction of the mounting frame, the output shaft of the second driving motor is arranged along the vertical direction of the mounting frame and is in threaded connection with the sliding block, a clamp is fixed on the sliding block, and the carbon microelectrode column is mounted in the clamp.

[0013] Further, the column body is of an insulating structure.

[0014] Another aspect of the present application provides an electric lysis method, which applies the electric lysis device based on the rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column, and the electric lysis method comprises the following steps: S1, adding a sample to be tested into an electric lysis sample tube and fixing the sample tube in a fixing device; S2, fixing the carbon microelectrode column on the lifting end of the lifting structure and connecting the wires connected with the power supply to the positive and negative electrodes of the carbon microelectrode, and setting the electric lysis voltage parameters according to the sample object to be tested; S3, the carbon microelectrode column is immersed in the sample solution to be tested in the sample tube under the control of the lifting structure, the carbon microelectrode is kept below the liquid level, then the driving device drives the sample tube to rotate for a certain time, the driving device stops rotating after sufficient lysis, and the lifting structure controls the carbon microelectrode column to separate from the sample tube; S4, taking out the lysed sample solution for standby detection.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: in the present application, the strong local electric field of the carbon microelectrode is reduced to the voltage required for irreversible electroporation of fungi by the setting of the protruding structure, the fungi are rapidly lysed and the nucleic acid is released by using the electroporation effect; the driving device is connected with the fixing device to drive the fixing device to drive the sample tube to rotate or the driving device is mounted on the lifting end of the lifting structure and connected with the carbon microelectrode column to drive the carbon microelectrode column to rotate, so that a dynamic flow field can be formed in the sample tube, and the sample is fully lysed through the dynamic flow field, thereby providing a new scheme for the lysis and nucleic acid extraction of fungi and other cell structure microorganisms.

[0016] The electric lysis device of the present application can complete the lysis and nucleic acid release of pathogenic fungi in a short time, the lysis efficiency is > 97%, and the nucleic acid extraction time of fungi and other cell structure microorganisms is greatly shortened. Compared with other nucleic acid extraction methods, the electric lysis device reduces the steps of complex traditional chemical sample pretreatment and reduces the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electric lysis device based on the rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon microelectrode column located in the sample tube in the electrolysis device based on the rotating spike structure of the carbon microelectrode column of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon microelectrode structure in the electro-pyrolysis device based on the rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column of the present invention. Figure 4 The image shows the PCR amplification curves after extracting nucleic acid from pathogenic fungi using an electrolysis device based on a rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column.

[0018] In the attached diagram: 1. Sample tube; 2. Fixing device; 3. Mounting frame; 4. Lifting structure; 5. Carbon microelectrode column; 51. Column; 52. Carbon microelectrode; 53. Protruding structure; 6. Driving device; 521. First carbon microelectrode; 522. Second carbon microelectrode; 524. Spacing; 525. First carbon microelectrode main electrode; 526. Second carbon microelectrode main electrode; 41. Guide rail; 42. Slider; 43. Second drive motor; 7. Fixture; 21. Sleeve; 22. Fastener; 44. Threaded sleeve; 32. Vertical plate; 31. Base plate; 33. Top plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, representing schematic diagrams rather than actual physical objects, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0020] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 3As shown, an electrolytic cracking device based on a rotating spiked carbon microelectrode column includes a fixing device 2 for fixing a sample tube 1, a mounting frame 3, and a lifting structure 4 mounted on the mounting frame 3 and moving vertically along the mounting frame 3. A carbon microelectrode column 5 located above the sample tube 1 is mounted on the lifting end of the lifting structure 4. The carbon microelectrode column 5 includes a column body 51 and a carbon microelectrode 52 connected to the outer peripheral surface of the column body 51. The carbon microelectrode 52 has a protruding structure 53 for generating a strong local electric field. The electrolytic cracking device also includes at least a driving device 6, which is connected to the fixing device 2 to drive the fixing device 2 to rotate the sample tube 1, or the driving device 6 is mounted on the lifting end of the lifting structure 4 and connected to the carbon microelectrode column 5 to drive the carbon microelectrode column 5 to rotate.

[0022] In this embodiment, the sample to be tested is added to the electrolytic sample tube 1. The electrolytic voltage parameters are set according to the sample to be tested. The carbon microelectrode column 5 is immersed in the solution to be tested in the sample tube 1 under the control of the lifting structure 4, keeping the carbon microelectrode 52 below the liquid surface. Then, the driving device 6 drives the sample tube 1 to rotate for a certain period of time or drives the carbon microelectrode column 5 to rotate for a certain period of time. After sufficient lysis, the driving device 6 stops rotating, and the lifting structure 4 controls the carbon microelectrode column 5 to detach from the sample tube 1. Then, the lysed sample solution is taken out for testing. By setting the protruding structure 53, the strong local electric field of the carbon microelectrode 52 reduces the voltage required for irreversible electroporation of fungi, and utilizes the electroporation effect to lyse fungi and release their nucleic acids at an ultra-fast rate. Since the driving device 6 is connected to the fixing device 2 to drive the fixing device 2 to rotate the sample tube 1, or the driving device 6 is installed on the lifting end of the lifting structure 4 and connected to the carbon microelectrode column 5 to drive the carbon microelectrode column 5 to rotate, a dynamic flow field can be formed in the sample tube 1. At the same time, the sample is fully lysed through the dynamic flow field, providing a fast, efficient and convenient new solution for the lysis and nucleic acid extraction of cellular microorganisms such as fungi.

[0023] It should be noted that the carbon microelectrode 52 has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of a DC power supply. When the driving device 6 is used to drive the carbon microelectrode column 5 to rotate, in order to avoid the wires connected to the positive and negative terminals of the carbon microelectrode 52 from getting tangled during the rotation of the carbon microelectrode column 5, a first electric sliding sleeve and a second electric sliding sleeve can be respectively fitted on the column 51. The first electric sliding sleeve is electrically connected to the positive terminal, and the second electric sliding sleeve is electrically connected to the negative terminal. Then, the positive and negative terminals of the external DC power supply are respectively connected to the first electric sliding sleeve and the second electric sliding sleeve through wires. In this way, the first electric sliding sleeve and the second electric sliding sleeve can always maintain an electrical connection with the external power supply during the rotation of the column 51. When the driving device 6 is used to drive the carbon microelectrode column 5 to rotate, the driving device 6 is installed on the lifting end of the lifting structure 4. Simultaneously, the external power supply can be installed on the rotating end of the driving device 6 along with the carbon microelectrode column 5, allowing the external power supply to rotate synchronously with the carbon microelectrode column 5. This avoids the problem of the wires connected to the positive and negative terminals of the carbon microelectrode 52 becoming entangled during the rotation of the carbon microelectrode column 5. When the driving device 6 is used to drive the sample tube 1 to rotate, the carbon microelectrode column 5 does not rotate. The external DC power supply can be directly connected to the positive and negative terminals of the carbon microelectrode via wires. It should also be noted that the adjustable voltage of the DC power supply is 0-110V, and the rotation speed of the sample tube 1 can be set to 0-15rpm.

[0024] It should also be noted that the carbon microelectrode 52 is fabricated on a thin film substrate using laser direct writing technology, and the carbon microelectrode 52 is bonded to the pillar 51 with double-sided adhesive or glue. The materials of the thin film substrate include polyimide, cellulose, etc., the materials of the carbon microelectrode are graphene or nano-carbon, etc., and the material of the pillar 51 is an insulating structure. The pillar 51 can be polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc., and its diameter can be 10-50 mm and its height 40-100 mm. The end of the protruding structure 53 is preferably a spike. Because the end of the protruding structure 53 is a spike tip, a smaller voltage is required to achieve the same electric field strength. The carbon microelectrode 52 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the pillar 51. A portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pillar 51 is not covered by the carbon microelectrode 52. This uncovered portion of the pillar 51 facilitates connection to the driving device 6 or the lifting end of the lifting structure 4.

[0025] The carbon microelectrode 52 includes several electrically connected first carbon microelectrodes 521 and several electrically connected second carbon microelectrodes 522. A gap 524 is formed between adjacent first carbon microelectrodes 521, and each second carbon microelectrode 522 is located within its respective gap 524. A protruding structure 53 is formed on the first carbon microelectrodes 521 and / or the second carbon microelectrodes 522. It should be noted that the first carbon microelectrodes 521 and the second carbon microelectrodes 522 are approximately interdigitated electrodes. In these interdigitated electrodes, the electrodes are planar electrodes made of graphene material, formed by two identical comb-shaped electrodes arranged alternately. The shape, size, and spacing of each interdigitated electrode are identical.

[0026] Furthermore, the distance between the protrusions 53 on the first carbon microelectrode 521 and the protrusions 53 on the adjacent second carbon microelectrode 522 is less than 100 μm. In this embodiment, since the distance between adjacent protrusions 53 on adjacent first carbon microelectrodes 521 and second carbon microelectrodes 522 is less than 100 μm, a higher electric field strength can be obtained at low voltage, which is beneficial for the lysis of fungal cell walls. It should be noted that the first carbon microelectrode 521 and the second carbon microelectrode 522 are generally strip-shaped structures, and each first carbon microelectrode 521 and second carbon microelectrode 522 is generally parallel to each other.

[0027] In this configuration, two adjacent first carbon microelectrodes 521 are electrically connected via a first carbon micro main electrode 525, and two adjacent second carbon microelectrodes 522 are electrically connected via a second carbon micro main electrode 526. It should be noted that the first carbon micro main electrode 525 electrically connects all the first carbon microelectrodes 521, with the positive electrode of the carbon microelectrode formed on the first carbon micro main electrode 525; the second carbon micro main electrode 526 electrically connects all the second carbon microelectrodes 522, with the negative electrode of the carbon microelectrode 52 formed on the second carbon micro main electrode 526.

[0028] Furthermore, the protruding structures 53 are arranged approximately perpendicular to the length direction of the first carbon microelectrode 521 or the second carbon microelectrode 522 and protrude from both sides of the first carbon microelectrode 521 or the second carbon microelectrode 522. This arrangement ensures that both sides of the first carbon microelectrode 521 or the second carbon microelectrode 522 have protruding structures 53, increasing the effective number of protruding structures 53, thereby facilitating the generation of a strong local electric field. It should be noted that the protruding structures 53 are uniformly arranged on the first carbon microelectrode 521 and the second carbon microelectrode 522.

[0029] The protruding structure 53 includes one or more of the following: spikes, triangles, and ellipses. In this embodiment, the protruding structure 53 has an average length of 20±3μm and a radius of curvature of 10±2μm.

[0030] In addition, the driving device 6 is connected to the fixing device 2. The driving device 6 includes a first driving motor, which is mounted on the mounting bracket 3. The fixing device 2 is fixed on the output shaft of the first driving motor. In this embodiment, the fixing device 2 is mounted on the output shaft of the first driving motor. The fixing device 2 is used to fix the sample tube 1. The rotation of the first driving motor can drive the sample tube 1 to rotate. It should be noted that the fixing device 2 includes a sleeve 21 connected to the output shaft of the first driving motor. The sleeve 21 is open upward to accommodate the sample tube 1. Fasteners 22 are provided on the circumferential surface of the sleeve 21. The number of fasteners 22 is set as needed. The fasteners 22 are threadedly connected to the sleeve 21. The fasteners 22 extend into the sleeve 21 and can abut against the sample tube 1, thereby fixing the sample tube 1 installed inside the sleeve 21. The sample tube 1 can be made of transparent plastic material. The force exerted by the fasteners 22 on the sample tube 1 will not cause the sample tube 1 to break.

[0031] Example 2 like Figure 1 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the lifting structure 4 includes a guide rail 41, a slider 42 slidably connected to the guide rail 41, and a second drive motor 43. The guide rail 41 is arranged along the vertical direction of the mounting frame 3, and the output shaft of the second drive motor 43 is arranged along the vertical direction of the mounting frame 3 and threadedly connected to the slider 42. A clamp 7 is fixed on the slider 42, and the carbon microelectrode post 5 is installed in the clamp 7.

[0032] In this embodiment, the mounting frame 3 includes a vertical plate 32 and a bottom plate 31 and a top plate 33 respectively connected to both ends of the vertical plate 32. A guide rail 41 is mounted vertically on the vertical plate 32, and a slider 42 is mounted on the guide rail 41 and slides vertically along the guide rail 41. A second drive motor is mounted on the top plate 33, and the output shaft of the second drive motor 43 passes through the top plate and is threadedly connected to the slider 42. Under the action of the second drive motor 43, the output shaft of the second drive motor 43 rotates. During the rotation of the output shaft of the second drive motor 43, the slider 42 is driven to move up and down along the guide rail 41, thereby driving the clamp 7 mounted on the slider 42 and the carbon microelectrode column 5 fixedly mounted in the clamp 7 to move up and down. The clamp 7 is connected to the column 51 that is not covered by the carbon microelectrode 52. More specifically, a threaded sleeve 44 is fixedly connected to the slider 42, and the threaded sleeve 44 is threadedly connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor 43 to achieve an indirect threaded connection between the output shaft of the second drive motor 43 and the slider 42. The clamp 7 is provided with a clamping space for fixing the carbon microelectrode post 5. More specifically, the clamp 7 includes a clamp body connected to the slider 42. The clamp body has a mounting hole for placing the carbon microelectrode post 5. The clamp body is provided with fastening screws, the number of which can be set as needed. One end of the fastening screw is located in the mounting hole. The carbon microelectrode post 5 is fixed by the contact between the fastening screw and the post 51 not covered by the carbon microelectrode 52.

[0033] Example 3 An electrolytic cracking method, using the electrolytic cracking device based on the rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode column 5 in the above embodiments, the electrolytic cracking method includes the following steps: S1. Add the sample to be tested into the electrolytic sample tube 1, and fix the sample tube 1 in the fixing device 2; S2. Fix the carbon microelectrode column 5 on the lifting end of the lifting structure 4, and connect the power supply wire to the positive and negative electrodes of the carbon microelectrode 52. Set the electrolytic voltage parameters according to the sample to be tested. S3. The carbon microelectrode column 5 is immersed in the test solution of the sample tube 1 under the control of the lifting structure 4, keeping the carbon microelectrode 52 below the liquid surface. Then the driving device 6 drives the sample tube 1 to rotate for a certain period of time. After sufficient pyrolysis, the driving device 6 stops rotating, and the lifting structure 4 controls the carbon microelectrode column 5 to detach from the sample tube 1. S4. Remove the lysed sample solution for later testing. Rapid extraction of pathogenic fungal nucleic acid via electrolysis, combined with subsequent techniques such as PCR, LAMP, or NGS, allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogenic fungi. Figure 4As shown, the PCR amplification curves of pathogenic fungi after nucleic acid extraction by the electrolysis device based on the spiked carbon microelectrode column are displayed. It can be seen that the electrolysis device has a significant effect on the extraction of fungal nucleic acids.

[0034] It should be noted that the sample volume of sample tube 1 in step S1 is 450-1500μL, the voltage in step S2 is 36-110V, the rotation time in step S3 is 36s-54s, and the rotation speed in step S3 is 10-15rpm.

[0035] In the specific implementation of the above embodiments, the technical features can be combined in any non-contradictory way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the above technical features are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features is not contradictory, it should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0036] Using the above method, the electrolysis device can complete the lysis and nucleic acid release of pathogens within 45 seconds, with a lysis efficiency of >97%, significantly shortening the nucleic acid extraction time for cellular microorganisms such as fungi. Compared with common clinical extraction methods such as chemical extraction, this method does not require large, specialized, and expensive equipment, nor does it require expensive chemical reagents, thus reducing costs.

[0037] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike structure carbon microelectrode post, characterized by: The electric cracking device comprises a fixing device (2) for fixing a sample tube (1), a mounting rack (3), and a lifting structure (4) arranged on the mounting rack (3) and moving in the vertical direction of the mounting rack (3), a carbon microelectrode column (5) above the sample tube (1) is arranged on the lifting end of the lifting structure (4), the carbon microelectrode column (5) comprises a column body (51) and a carbon microelectrode (52) connected to the outer circumferential surface of the column body (51), the carbon microelectrode (52) has a protruding structure (53) for generating a strong local electric field; the electric cracking device further comprises a driving device (6), the driving device (6) is connected with the fixing device (2) to drive the fixing device (2) to rotate with the sample tube (1) or the driving device (6) is arranged on the lifting end of the lifting structure (4) and connected with the carbon microelectrode column (5) to drive the carbon microelectrode column (5) to rotate.

2. The electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike-structured carbon microelectrode pillar according to claim 1, wherein, The carbon microelectrode (52) comprises a plurality of electrically connected first carbon microelectrodes (521) and a plurality of electrically connected second carbon microelectrodes (522), a spacing (524) is formed between adjacent two first carbon microelectrodes (521), and each second carbon microelectrode (522) is arranged in each spacing (524); the protruding structure (53) is formed on the first carbon microelectrode (521) or / and the second carbon microelectrode (522).

3. The electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike-structured carbon microelectrode pillar according to claim 2, wherein, The distance between the protruding structure (53) on the first carbon microelectrode (521) and the protruding structure (53) on the adjacent second carbon microelectrode (522) is less than 100 μm.

4. The electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike-structured carbon microelectrode pillar according to claim 2, wherein, The first carbon microelectrode (521) and the second carbon microelectrode (522) are electrically connected through a first carbon micro-main electrode (525) and a second carbon micro-main electrode (526) respectively.

5. The electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike-structured carbon microelectrode pillar according to claim 2, wherein, The protruding structure (53) is arranged substantially perpendicular to the length direction of the first carbon microelectrode (521) or the second carbon microelectrode (522) and protrudes from both sides of the first carbon microelectrode (521) or the second carbon microelectrode (522).

6. The electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike-structured carbon microelectrode pillar according to claim 1, wherein, The protruding structure (53) comprises one or more of a spike, a triangle, and an oval.

7. The electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike-structured carbon microelectrode pillar according to claim 1, wherein, The driving device (6) is connected with the fixing device (2), the driving device (6) comprises a first driving motor, the first driving motor is arranged on the mounting rack (3), and the fixing device (2) is fixed on the output shaft of the first driving motor.

8. The electrically driven pyrolysis device based on a rotating spike-structured carbon microelectrode pillar according to claim 1, wherein, The lifting structure (4) comprises a guide rail (41), a sliding block (42) slidably connected with the guide rail (41), and a second driving motor (43), the guide rail (41) is arranged in the vertical direction of the mounting rack (3), the output shaft of the second driving motor (43) is arranged in the vertical direction of the mounting rack (3) and is threadedly connected with the sliding block (42), a clamp (7) is fixed on the sliding block (42), and the carbon microelectrode column (5) is arranged in the clamp (7).

9. The rotary-protrusion-structure carbon microelectrode pillar-based electrofragmentation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The column body (51) is in an insulating structure.

10. An electric splitting method, characterized by, The application discloses a carbon microelectrode column based electric cracking device with a rotating spike structure, and an electric cracking method thereof. S1, adding a sample to be tested into an electric cracking sample tube (1), and fixing the sample tube (1) in a fixing device (2); S2, fixing a carbon microelectrode column (5) on a lifting end of a lifting structure (4), connecting wires connected with a power supply to positive and negative electrodes of the carbon microelectrode (52), and setting electric cracking voltage parameters according to the sample to be tested; S3, immersing the carbon microelectrode column (5) into the sample solution to be tested in the sample tube (1) under the control of the lifting structure (4), keeping the carbon microelectrode (52) below the liquid level, then driving the sample tube (1) to rotate for a certain time under the driving of a driving device (6), stopping the rotation of the driving device (6) after sufficient cracking, and controlling the carbon microelectrode column (5) to be separated from the sample tube (1) by the lifting structure (4); S4, taking out the cracked sample solution for standby detection.

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