Multi-stage sand blocking device suitable for high-sand-content canal system

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage sand blocking device suitable for a high-sand-content canal system, and belongs to the technical field of sand blocking and cleaning canal system equipment, the multi-stage sand blocking device comprises a main water inlet canal, a first-stage branch canal and a second-stage branch canal, and the main water inlet canal comprises a first-stage sand blocking overflow dam and a sand blocking and discharging structure. The invention provides a multi-stage sand blocking device suitable for a high-sand-content canal system in order to reduce the influence of deposition and blockage caused by silt at the downstream of an irrigation system, realize the deposition of the silt at the head of the irrigation system, improve the cleaning efficiency of deposited sandy soil and avoid the influence of cleaning of the sandy soil in a canal on irrigation operation, and the multi-stage sand blocking device suitable for the high-sand-content canal system fully utilizes the kinetic energy of water flow. Intermittent opening and closing sediment discharge is achieved, manual sediment discharge operation is reduced, sediment is accumulated in a fixed-point area, the sediment discharge working efficiency is improved, the sediment blocking effect of the canal system is good, cleaning is easy, and the problem of sediment deposition of the agricultural irrigation canal system in the high-fine-sand-content water environment is well solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of sand-blocking and sand-clearing canal system equipment, specifically referring to a multi-stage sand-blocking device suitable for high sand-content canal systems. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural irrigation systems with high fine sand content, the water diversion channels at all levels of the irrigation area suffer from severe siltation due to the large amount of fine sand carried by the water flow. This seriously affects the service life and efficiency of downstream facilities. Every year, a significant amount of manpower and resources are required for dredging to maintain the normal water conveyance function of the channels. This not only incurs huge costs but also affects the timeliness and stability of agricultural irrigation. Some simple sand-blocking and sand-draining measures are ineffective and cannot fundamentally solve the siltation problem. Currently, most irrigation areas in my country use sedimentation basins as the primary filtration facility in the irrigation system. Sedimentation basins come in various types, are highly adaptable to different coarse and fine sand and water flow rates, and have good sand-draining effects. However, they have drawbacks such as large land area requirements, short service life, and high manual dredging costs. With the continuous development of water conservancy engineering technology, there is an urgent need for an efficient, economical, and durable silt treatment solution. Multi-stage sediment-trapping overflow dam systems have emerged as a solution. As the primary filtration facility in agricultural irrigation systems, they are designed to effectively address irrigation environments with high fine sediment content through innovative multi-stage sediment-trapping and discharge structures and reasonable water flow regulation. This enhances the water conveyance stability, service life, and water and sediment adaptability of irrigation canals, reduces wear and tear on downstream facilities, lowers maintenance costs, and meets the agricultural irrigation demand for high-quality water sources and stable canal systems. Under normal conditions, the siltation in the canals requires water cut-off during cleaning, affecting the canal's service life and irrigation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues and reduce the impact of sediment deposition and blockage in the downstream irrigation system, while simultaneously achieving sediment deposition at the head of the irrigation system to improve the cleaning efficiency of silted sand and avoid disrupting irrigation operations due to cleaning sand from the canals, this invention provides a multi-stage sand-blocking device suitable for high-sand-content canal systems. This device fully utilizes the kinetic energy of water flow to achieve intermittent opening and closing for sand removal, reducing manual sand removal operations, enabling fixed-point sediment accumulation, improving sand removal efficiency, and providing effective sand-blocking and easy-to-clean sand-blocking in canal systems. It effectively solves the problem of sediment accumulation in agricultural irrigation canals with high fine sand content.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention provides a multi-stage sand-blocking device suitable for high-sediment-content canal systems, including a main intake canal, a primary branch canal, and a secondary branch canal. The main intake canal includes a primary sand-blocking overflow dam and a sand-blocking and discharging structure. The primary branch canal includes a secondary sand-blocking overflow dam with a slightly lower height and a sand-discharging gate with a slightly smaller diameter. The secondary branch canal includes a tertiary sand-blocking overflow dam with the lowest height and a tertiary sand-discharging gate with the smallest diameter. A diversion pool is provided between the main intake canal and the primary branch canal. The bottom of the diversion pool is an inclined surface along the direction of water flow. The diversion pool is connected to the primary branch canal by a diversion gate. There is a connecting tunnel between the primary branch canal and the secondary branch canal.

[0005] Furthermore, the main intake channel, primary branch channel, and secondary branch channel are all T-shaped channels that are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0006] Furthermore, the height of the primary sediment-trapping overflow dam is 80% of the height of the main intake channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the height of the secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam is 60% of the height of the primary branch canal.

[0008] Furthermore, the height of the three-stage sediment-trapping overflow dam is 40% of the height of the two-stage branch canal.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom slope of the diversion pool is 3°.

[0010] Furthermore, the height of the sand-blocking and sand-discharging structure is consistent with the height of the main intake channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the sand-draining gate is consistent with the height of the secondary sand-blocking overflow dam.

[0012] Furthermore, the height of the three-stage sand-draining gate is consistent with the height of the three-stage sand-blocking overflow dam.

[0013] Furthermore, the primary sediment overflow dam and the main intake channel form an angle of less than 90°, making it easier for sediment to accumulate at the angle when it flows through the primary sediment overflow dam.

[0014] Furthermore, the sand-blocking and sand-discharging structure includes a water flow drive structure, an intermittent forward and reverse rotation adjustment device, and an opening and closing sand-discharging device. The opening and closing sand-discharging device is installed on the bottom wall of the area where the angle between the primary sand-blocking overflow dam and the main intake channel is located. The water flow drive structure is fixedly installed on the top wall of the primary sand-blocking overflow dam. The two ends of the intermittent forward and reverse rotation adjustment device are respectively connected to the opening and closing sand-discharging device and the water flow drive structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the water flow drive structure includes a water turbine, a transmission belt, a first pulley, a second pulley, a planetary reduction structure, a transmission pinion, and a bevel gear transmission assembly. The water turbine is fixedly installed on the upper wall of the primary sediment-blocking overflow dam. The first pulley is fixedly connected to the water turbine. The second pulley is engaged and rotatably mounted in the main intake channel. The two ends of the transmission belt are respectively connected to the first pulley and the second pulley. The planetary reduction structure is fixedly connected to the second pulley. The transmission pinion is meshed with the planetary reduction structure. The bevel gear transmission assembly is fixedly connected to the transmission pinion via a bracket. The bevel gear transmission assembly is connected to an intermittent forward and reverse rotation adjustment device.

[0016] Furthermore, the planetary reduction structure includes a star ring, planetary gears, a star gear, a three-phase support, and an extended gear. The star ring is fixedly installed inside the main water inlet channel, and the entire planetary reduction structure is hidden inside the main water inlet channel to prevent water from eroding the gears and other equipment. The star gear is engaged and rotated inside the main water inlet channel, and the star gear is concentric with the star ring. A sealing ring is provided between the star gear and the second pulley to ensure that water does not enter the equipment while the star gear is rotating. The two ends of the planetary gear mesh with the star gear and the star ring respectively, so that the planetary gear rotates along the star ring while maintaining its own rotation. One end of the three-phase support is installed on the planetary gear, and the extended gear is connected to the other end of the three-phase support. The extended gear meshes with the transmission pinion. The three-phase support consists of three supports, and the included angle between two adjacent sets of supports is 120°.

[0017] Further, the intermittent forward and reverse adjustment device includes a toothed belt I, a toothed belt II, a drive end gear, an intermediate support gear, an end support gear, an end drive gear, a forward gear disk, a reverse gear disk, a drive protrusion, a forward and reverse adjustment wheel, and a sand-discharging drive bevel gear. The toothed belt I is engaged and installed in a compartment within the main inlet channel. The sidewall of the toothed belt II is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the toothed belt I. The toothed belt I and toothed belt II rotate at the same linear velocity. The drive end gear is engaged and rotatably installed in a compartment within the main inlet channel. The drive end gear meshes with both toothed belts I and II. The intermediate support gear meshes with both toothed belts I and II. The end support gear is connected to the intermediate support gear via a connecting plate. The end support gear is engaged and rotatably mounted on one side of the compartment. The end drive gear is engaged and rotatably mounted on the other side of the compartment. The end support gear and the end drive gear are not connected to each other; the end support gear only meshes with toothed belt II. The end drive gear meshes with a toothed belt, which, together with a toothed belt, forms a complete belt structure without missing teeth, allowing the drive gear to rotate continuously. However, during the continuous rotation of the toothed belt, it only contacts the end drive gear, causing the end drive gear to stop for a period of time after running for a while. The forward-rotating gear disk is fixedly connected to the end drive gear by a bracket, which penetrates the wall of the compartment. The reverse gear disk meshes with the forward-rotating gear disk. Multiple sets of drive protrusions are provided, arrayed on the forward and reverse gear disks. The forward and reverse adjustment wheel is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the compartment within the main water inlet channel. The rotating drive protrusions drive the forward and reverse adjustment wheel to rotate. After the forward gear disk uses the drive protrusions to drive the forward and reverse adjustment wheel to rotate by a certain angle, the reverse gear disk uses the drive protrusions to drive the forward and reverse adjustment wheel to rotate by the same angle. The sand-discharging drive bevel gear is fixedly connected to the forward and reverse adjustment wheel by a bracket.

[0018] Furthermore, the opening and closing sand discharge device includes a sand discharge pipe, a pipe cover plate, a hollow cone disc, a vortex slide rail, a combined horizontal slide rail, and a horizontal slider. The sand discharge pipe is installed on the bottom wall of the main inlet channel, the pipe cover plate slides within the bottom wall of the main inlet channel, the hollow cone disc meshes with a sand discharge drive bevel gear, and the hollow cone disc is engaged and rotatably connected to the sand discharge pipe. The vortex slide rail is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hollow cone disc, the combined horizontal slide rail is fixedly installed in the groove where the sand discharge pipe is located, and the horizontal slider is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the pipe cover plate. The bottom wall of the horizontal slider engages and slides along the vortex slide rail, and the side wall of the horizontal slider engages and slides along the combined horizontal slide rail. During the forward and reverse rotation of the adjusting wheel, the pipe cover plate slides back and forth, thereby opening and closing the sand discharge pipe.

[0019] Preferably, since the water flow velocity in the channel is relatively slow and cannot provide sufficient power to the gear and planetary reduction structure, an energy storage device component can be installed. The second pulley is fixedly connected to the energy storage device component, and the power is transmitted to the energy storage device component through the second pulley. At the same time, the power is converted into electrical energy and stored in the device. The star gear is equipped with an electric motor, and the energy storage device component is connected to the electric motor through an electric wire. After the energy storage device component has stored electricity, it releases the electrical energy to control the operation of the electric motor, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the pipe cover.

[0020] This solution provides a multi-stage sediment-trapping device suitable for high-sediment-laden canal systems, with the following beneficial effects: (1) The overall structure of the equipment uses water flow to provide kinetic energy. With the coordinated action of toothed belt 1, toothed belt 2, forward gear disk, and reverse gear disk, the sand discharge equipment can be opened and closed and started and stopped by itself without manual control. This avoids the impact of shutting down the gate to stop water discharge and affecting irrigation efficiency, and also reduces the waste of human resources caused by manual control. (2) The planetary deceleration structure avoids the problem of the pipe cover opening and closing too frequently when the water pressure in the canal is too high. The energy storage equipment component solves the problem that the internal structure cannot be effectively driven by the water flow when the water pressure is too low. (3) The main intake canal, the first-level branch canal and the second-level branch canal are all T-shaped channels commonly used for agricultural irrigation. They are applicable to a wide range of scenarios, are easy to modify, and have strong adaptability to water and sediment environments. (4) It effectively intercepts large-diameter bedload sediments distributed at the bottom of the channel and also has a good interception effect on small-diameter suspended sediments suspended in the upper layer of the water flow. It can effectively reduce the concentration of cement and sand in irrigation and reduce the blockage of downstream facilities of the irrigation system. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This invention provides a partial structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage sand-trapping device suitable for high-sediment-content canal systems; Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a sand-trapping and sand-discharging structure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the force structure connecting the sand-trapping and sand-discharging structure with the energy storage equipment components; Figure 4 Exploded view of the water-driven structure; Figure 5 A three-dimensional view of the water flow driven structure; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the intermittent forward and reverse rotation adjustment device; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of an intermittent forward and reverse rotation control device; Figure 8 A bottom-view perspective view of an opening and closing sand-discharging device; Figure 9An exploded view of an openable sand-discharging device; Figure 10 A top view of a multi-stage sand-trapping device suitable for high-sediment-laden canal systems; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure; Figure 12 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section structure.

[0022] The components include: 1. Main intake channel; 2. Primary sediment-trapping overflow dam; 3. Sediment-trapping and sediment-discharging structure; 4. Diversion pool; 5. Diversion gate; 6. Sediment discharge gate; 7. Secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam; 8. Primary branch channel; 9. Connecting culvert; 10. Tertiary sediment discharge gate; 11. Tertiary sediment-trapping overflow dam; 12. Secondary branch channel; 13. Water flow drive structure; 14. Intermittent forward and reverse rotation regulating device; 15. Opening and closing sediment discharge device; 16. Water turbine; 17. Drive belt; 18. Belt pulley one; 19. Belt pulley two; 20. Planetary reduction structure; 21. Transmission pinion; 22. Bevel gear transmission group; 23. Star ring; 24. 25. Planetary gear, 26. Solar gear, 27. Three-phase support, 28. Extended gear, 29. Slightly toothed belt 1, 20. Slightly toothed belt 2, 31. Drive end gear, 32. Intermediate support gear, 33. End support gear, 34. End drive gear, 35. Forward rotation gear disk, 36. Reverse rotation gear disk, 37. Drive protruding column, 38. Forward and reverse rotation adjustment wheel, 39. Sand discharge drive bevel gear, 40. Sand discharge pipe, 41. Pipe cover plate, 42. Hollow cone disk, 43. Vortex slide rail, 44. Combined horizontal slide rail, 45. Horizontal slider, 46. Energy storage equipment component, 47. Electric motor.

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0026] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-stage sediment trapping device suitable for high sediment content canal systems, comprising a main intake canal 1, a primary branch canal 8, and a secondary branch canal 12. The main intake canal 1 includes a primary sediment trapping overflow dam 2 and a sediment trapping and discharge structure 3. The primary branch canal 8 includes a slightly lower secondary sediment trapping overflow dam 7 and a slightly smaller diameter discharge gate 6. The secondary branch canal 12 includes the lowest-height tertiary sediment trapping overflow dam 11 and the smallest-diameter tertiary discharge gate 10. A diversion pool 4 is provided between the main intake canal 1 and the primary branch canal 8. The bottom of the diversion pool 4 is an inclined surface along the direction of water flow. The diversion pool 4 is connected to the primary branch canal 8 by a diversion gate 5. A connecting tunnel 9 connects the primary branch canal 8 and the secondary branch canal 12.

[0027] The main intake canal 1, the primary branch canal 8, and the secondary branch canal 12 are all T-shaped canals that are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0028] The height of the first-level sediment-blocking overflow dam 2 is 80% of the height of the main intake channel 1.

[0029] The height of the secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam 7 is 60% of the height of the primary branch canal 8.

[0030] The height of the third-level sediment-trapping overflow dam 11 is 40% of the height of the second-level branch canal 12.

[0031] The bottom slope of the diversion pool 4 is 3°.

[0032] The height of the sand-blocking and sand-discharging structure 3 is the same as the height of the main intake channel 1.

[0033] The height of the sand discharge gate 6 is the same as the height of the secondary sand-blocking overflow dam 7.

[0034] The height of the third-level sand-discharging gate 10 is the same as the height of the third-level sand-blocking overflow dam 11.

[0035] The first-stage sediment overflow dam 2 and the main intake channel 1 form an angle of less than 90°.

[0036] The sand-blocking and sand-discharging structure 3 includes a water flow drive structure 13, an intermittent forward and reverse rotation adjustment device 14, and an openable and closed sand-discharging device 15. The openable and closed sand-discharging device 15 is installed on the bottom wall of the area where the angle between the primary sand-blocking overflow dam 2 and the main intake channel 1 is located. The water flow drive structure 13 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the primary sand-blocking overflow dam 2. The two ends of the intermittent forward and reverse rotation adjustment device 14 are respectively connected to the openable and closed sand-discharging device 15 and the water flow drive structure 13.

[0037] The water flow drive structure 13 includes a water turbine 16, a transmission belt 17, a first pulley 18, a second pulley 19, a planetary reduction structure 20, a transmission pinion 21, and a bevel gear transmission group 22. The water turbine 16 is fixedly installed on the upper wall of the first-stage sediment overflow dam 2. The first pulley 18 is fixedly connected to the water turbine 16. The second pulley 19 is engaged and rotatably installed in the main intake channel 1. The two ends of the transmission belt 17 are respectively connected to the first pulley 18 and the second pulley 19. The planetary reduction structure 20 is fixedly connected to the second pulley 19. The transmission pinion 21 is meshed with the planetary reduction structure 20. The bevel gear transmission group 22 is fixedly connected to the transmission pinion 21 through a bracket. The bevel gear transmission group 22 is connected to the intermittent forward and reverse rotation adjustment device 14.

[0038] The planetary reduction structure 20 includes a star ring 23, a planetary gear 24, a star gear 25, a three-phase support 26, and an extended gear 27. The star ring 23 is fixedly installed in the main water inlet channel 1. The star gear 25 is engaged and rotated in the main water inlet channel 1, and the star gear 25 is concentric with the star ring 23. A sealing ring is provided between the star gear 25 and the pulley 19. The two ends of the planetary gear 24 are respectively engaged with the star gear 25 and the star ring 23. One end of the three-phase support 26 is installed on the planetary gear 24, and the extended gear 27 is connected to the other end of the three-phase support 26. The extended gear 27 is engaged with the transmission pinion 21.

[0039] The intermittent forward and reverse adjustment device 14 includes a toothed belt 28, a toothed belt 29, a drive end gear 30, an intermediate support gear 31, an end support gear 32, an end drive gear 33, a forward gear disk 34, a reverse gear disk 35, a drive protrusion 36, a forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37, and a sand-discharging drive bevel gear 38. The toothed belt 28 is engaged and installed in a compartment within the main water intake channel 1. The side wall of the toothed belt 29 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the toothed belt 28. The drive end gear 30 is engaged and rotatably installed in a compartment within the main water intake channel 1. The drive end gear 30 meshes with the toothed belts 28 and 29. The intermediate support gear 31 meshes with the toothed belts 28 and 29. The end support gear 32... The intermediate support gear 31 is connected to the end support gear 32 via a connecting plate. The end drive gear 33 is engaged and rotatably mounted on one side of the compartment, and the end drive gear 33 is engaged and rotatably mounted on the other side of the compartment. The end support gear 32 meshes with the toothed belt 29, and the end drive gear 33 meshes with the toothed belt 28. The forward gear disk 34 and the end drive gear 33 are fixedly connected by a bracket. The reverse gear disk 35 meshes with the forward gear disk 34. The drive protrusions 36 are arrayed on the forward gear disk 34 and the reverse gear disk 35. The forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37 is engaged and rotatably mounted on the main water inlet channel 1. The rotating drive protrusions 36 drive the forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37 to rotate. The sand discharge drive bevel gear 38 is fixedly connected to the forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37 via a bracket.

[0040] The openable sand discharge device 15 includes a sand discharge pipe 39, a pipe cover plate 40, a hollow cone disc 41, a vortex slide rail 42, a combined horizontal slide rail 43, and a horizontal slider 44. The sand discharge pipe 39 is installed on the bottom wall of the main inlet channel 1. The pipe cover plate 40 slides inside the bottom wall of the main inlet channel 1. The hollow cone disc 41 meshes with the sand discharge drive bevel gear 38. The hollow cone disc 41 is engaged and rotatably connected with the sand discharge pipe 39. The vortex slide rail 42 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hollow cone disc 41. The combined horizontal slide rail 43 is fixedly installed in the groove where the sand discharge pipe 39 is located. The horizontal slider 44 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the pipe cover plate 40. The bottom wall of the horizontal slider 44 engages and slides along the vortex slide rail 42, and the side wall of the horizontal slider 44 engages and slides along the combined horizontal slide rail 43.

[0041] The second pulley 19 is fixedly connected to the energy storage device assembly 45, and the stellar gear 25 is equipped with a motor 46. The energy storage device assembly 45 and the motor 46 are connected by wires.

[0042] In practical use, water flows through the canal, and the water flow impacts the primary sediment-blocking overflow dam 2. Since the primary sediment-blocking overflow dam 2 and the canal form an acute angle, sediment will accumulate in the area where the angle is located. After the water flow overflows the primary sediment-blocking overflow dam 2 and impacts the water turbine 16, it passes through the diversion pool 4 where the water surface area increases. The flow velocity of the water slows down, and the sediment in the area of ​​the diversion pool 4 begins to settle. After secondary sedimentation, the water flows through the secondary sediment-blocking overflow dam 7 and enters the primary branch canal 8. The water flow is used for irrigation. The connecting culvert 9 below the primary branch canal 8 diverts the water to the secondary branch canal 12, thus achieving diversion. To improve the efficiency of treating accumulated sediment, reduce the cleaning time of sediment, and ensure that sediment can be removed during the use of the canal, the water flow impacts the turbine 16 and causes it to rotate. The transmission belt 17 transmits the kinetic energy of the turbine 16 downwards. The rotation of the pulley 19 drives the sun gear 25 to rotate. The planet gear 24 rotates under the meshing action with the sun gear 25. Under the limiting action of the star ring 23, the planet gear 24 rotates on its own axis. The power of the planet gear 24 is transmitted to the outer gear 27 through the three-phase support 26. In order to transmit the transmission power to the bevel gears at different heights, the transmission pinion 21 is used. The meshing relationship between the transmission pinion 21 and the outer gear 27 drives the bevel gear transmission group 22 to move. Driven by the bevel gear, the drive end gear 30 rotates, causing the toothless belt 28 and the toothless belt 29 to rotate. The drive end gear 30 only needs to mesh with one of the toothless belts 28 and 29 to make the other set of belts slide at the same linear speed. The intermediate support gear 31 supports the toothless belts 28 and 29 to prevent them from losing mesh due to belt deformation caused by the missing teeth. The toothless belt 28 slides, and the end drive gear 33 is driven by the toothless belt 28, so the forward rotating gear disk 34 rotates. When the missing tooth part on the toothless belt 28 moves to the area where the end drive gear 33 is located, the forward rotating gear disk 34 will not rotate because there are no teeth. When the forward gear disk 34 rotates, the driving protrusion 36 on the surface of the forward gear disk 34 meshes with the forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37, causing the forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37 to rotate in the forward direction, thereby causing the sand discharge drive bevel gear 38 to rotate in the forward direction, and the hollow cone disk 41 to rotate. Under the action of the vortex slide rail 42, the horizontal slider 44 drives the pipe cover plate 40 to slide horizontally, and the sand discharge pipe 39 opens to discharge the sand accumulated in the canal. When the drive protrusion 36 on the reverse gear disk 35 contacts the forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37, and the drive protrusion 36 on the forward gear disk 34 separates from the forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37, the forward and reverse adjustment wheel 37 reverses, the hollow cone disk 41 rotates in the opposite direction, the horizontal slider 44 drives the pipe cover plate 40 to slide, blocking the sand discharge pipe 39, and the sand discharge work ends. When the end drive gear 33 is not rotating, sand and soil accumulate on the pipe cover 40. This process accumulates for a certain period of time, and the pipe cover 40 continues to be locked. When the water flow rate is slow, and the flow rate cannot meet the driving requirements of the planetary gear 24 structure and subsequent belts and gears, the pulley 19 is connected to the energy storage device assembly 45. The rotational power of the water turbine 16 is converted into electrical energy and stored in the energy storage device assembly 45. When needed, the motor 46 is energized with the energy storage device assembly 45, and the motor 46 rotates to drive the star gear 25 to rotate. The above-mentioned motion process is realized by using the motor 46, and finally the effect of cleaning sand and soil in the water channel can be achieved without interrupting the water supply.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sand trap suitable for high sediment laden channel, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a sand retaining and discharging structure of water conservancy project, including main water inlet channel (1), first level branch channel (8) and second level branch channel (12), and the main water inlet channel (1) includes first level sand retaining overflow dam (2) and sand retaining and discharging structure (3), the first level sand retaining overflow dam (2) and the main water inlet channel (1) between constitute less than 90 angle of inclusion, sand retaining and discharging structure (3) includes water flow drive structure (13), intermittent positive and negative rotation adjusting device (14) and open-close type sand discharging device (15), open-close type sand discharging device (15) sets up in the bottom wall of the area of the angle of inclusion of first level sand retaining overflow dam (2) and main water inlet channel (1), water flow drive structure (13) is fixedly installed on the top wall of first level sand retaining overflow dam (2), and the both ends of intermittent positive and negative rotation adjusting device (14) are connected with open-close type sand discharging device (15) and water flow drive structure (13) respectively.

2. The multi-stage sand trap device suitable for high-sand-content channel systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water flow drive structure (13) includes a water turbine (16), a transmission belt (17), a belt pulley one (18) and a belt pulley two (19), the water turbine (16) is installed on the upper wall of the first level sand retaining overflow dam (2), the belt pulley one (18) is fixedly connected with the water turbine (16), the belt pulley two (19) is rotatably arranged in the main water inlet channel (1), and the both ends of the transmission belt (17) are connected with the belt pulley one (18) and the belt pulley two (19) respectively.

3. The multi-stage sand trap device suitable for high-sand-content channel systems according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water flow drive structure (13) further includes a planetary gear reduction structure (20), a transmission pinion (21) and a bevel gear transmission group (22), the planetary gear reduction structure (20) is fixedly connected with the belt pulley two (19), the transmission pinion (21) is connected with the planetary gear reduction structure (20) in meshing mode, the bevel gear transmission group (22) is fixedly connected with the transmission pinion (21) through a support, and the bevel gear transmission group (22) is connected with the intermittent positive and negative rotation adjusting device (14).

4. The multi-stage sand trap device suitable for high-sand-content channel systems according to claim 3, characterized in that: The planetary gear reduction structure (20) includes a star ring (23), a planetary gear (24), a sun gear (25), a three-phase support (26) and an extended gear (27), the star ring (23) is fixedly arranged in the main water inlet channel (1), the sun gear (25) is rotatably arranged in the main water inlet channel (1), and the sun gear (25) is concentric with the star ring (23), a sealing ring is arranged between the sun gear (25) and the belt pulley two (19), the both ends of the planetary gear (24) are meshed with the sun gear (25) and the star ring (23) respectively, one end of the three-phase support (26) is installed on the planetary gear (24), the extended gear (27) is connected with the other end of the three-phase support (26), and the extended gear (27) is meshed with the transmission pinion (21).

5. The multi-stage sand trap device suitable for high-sand-content channel systems according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intermittent forward-reverse rotation adjusting device (14) comprises a missing-tooth belt one (28), a missing-tooth belt two (29), a driving end gear (30), an intermediate support gear (31), a terminal support gear (32), a terminal driving gear (33), a forward rotation gear disc (34), a reverse rotation gear disc (35), a driving protruding column (36), a forward-reverse rotation adjusting wheel (37) and a sand discharging driving bevel gear (38), the missing-tooth belt one (28) is clamped and installed in the compartment in the main water inlet channel (1), the side wall of the missing-tooth belt two (29) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the missing-tooth belt one (28), the driving end gear (30) is clamped and rotatably installed in the compartment in the main water inlet channel (1), the driving end gear (30) is meshingly connected with the missing-tooth belt one (28) and the missing-tooth belt two (29), the intermediate support gear (31) is meshed with the missing-tooth belt one (28) and the missing-tooth belt two (29), the terminal support gear (32) is connected with the intermediate support gear (31) through a connecting plate, the terminal support gear (32) is clamped and rotatably arranged on one side of the compartment, the terminal driving gear (33) is clamped and rotatably arranged on the other side of the compartment, the terminal support gear (32) is meshed with the missing-tooth belt two (29), and the terminal driving gear (33) is meshed with the missing-tooth belt one (28); the forward rotation gear disc (34) is fixedly connected with the terminal driving gear (33) through a support, the reverse rotation gear disc (35) is meshed with the forward rotation gear disc (34), the driving protruding column (36) is arranged on the forward rotation gear disc (34) and the reverse rotation gear disc (35), the forward-reverse rotation adjusting wheel (37) is clamped and rotatably arranged on the main water inlet channel (1), the rotating driving protruding column (36) drives the forward-reverse rotation adjusting wheel (37) to rotate, and the sand discharging driving bevel gear (38) is fixedly connected with the forward-reverse rotation adjusting wheel (37) through a support.

6. The multi-stage sand trap device suitable for high-sand-content channel systems according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening-closing sand discharging device (15) comprises a sand discharging pipe (39), a pipeline cover plate (40), a hollow cone disc (41), a vortex slide rail (42), a combined horizontal slide rail (43) and a horizontal sliding block (44), the sand discharging pipe (39) is installed on the bottom wall of the main water inlet channel (1), the pipeline cover plate (40) slides in the bottom wall of the main water inlet channel (1), the hollow cone disc (41) is meshed with the sand discharging driving bevel gear (38), the hollow cone disc (41) is clamped and rotatably connected with the sand discharging pipe (39), the vortex slide rail (42) is fixedly arranged on the top wall of the hollow cone disc (41), the combined horizontal slide rail (43) is fixedly arranged in the groove where the sand discharging pipe (39) is located, and the horizontal sliding block (44) is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the pipeline cover plate (40). The bottom wall of the horizontal sliding block (44) clamps and slides along the vortex slide rail (42), and the side wall of the horizontal sliding block (44) clamps and slides along the combined horizontal slide rail (43).

7. The multi-stage sand trap device for high sediment channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The belt pulley two (19) is fixedly connected with a power storage device assembly (45), the power storage device assembly (45) is provided with an electric wire, and the other end of the electric wire is provided with an electric motor (46).

8. The multi-stage sand trap device suitable for high-sand-content channel systems according to claim 7, characterized in that: The primary branch channel (8) comprises a secondary sand-blocking overflow dam (7) and a sand discharge gate (6), the secondary branch channel (12) comprises a tertiary sand-blocking overflow dam (11) and a tertiary sand discharge gate (10), a flow distribution tank (4) is arranged between the main water inlet channel (1) and the primary branch channel (8), the bottom of the flow distribution tank (4) is an inclined surface inclined along the water flow direction, the flow distribution tank (4) is connected with the primary branch channel (8) by a flow distribution gate (5), and the primary branch channel (8) is connected with the secondary branch channel (12) by a connecting tunnel (9).

9. The multi-stage sand trap device for high sediment-laden channels according to claim 8, wherein: The main water inlet channel (1), the primary branch channel (8) and the secondary branch channel (12) are all T-shaped channels with the upper part being narrower than the lower part; the height of the primary sand-blocking overflow dam (2) is 80% of the height of the main water inlet channel (1); the height of the secondary sand-blocking overflow dam (7) is 60% of the height of the primary branch channel (8); the height of the tertiary sand-blocking overflow dam (11) is 40% of the height of the secondary branch channel (12); and the bottom slope of the flow distribution tank (4) is 3°.

10. The multi-stage sand trap device for high sediment channel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The height of the sand-blocking and discharging structure (3) is the same as the height of the main water inlet channel (1); the height of the sand discharge gate (6) is the same as the height of the secondary sand-blocking overflow dam (7); and the height of the tertiary sand discharge gate (10) is the same as the height of the tertiary sand-blocking overflow dam (11).

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