Seven-star-wheel crankshaft radial plunger high-water-base hydraulic motor

Abstract

A seven-star wheel is arranged at the center of a plunger shell, seven plunger assemblies are arranged between the seven-star wheel and a mounting hole in the side wall of the plunger shell, and a main shaft bearing A is arranged at the front end of the seven-star wheel on a crankshaft through a shaft end seal; a spindle bearing B is arranged at the position, between the crankshaft and the flow channel shell, of the rear end of the seven-star wheel, a flow distribution disc and a flow distribution inner end cover are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the seven-star wheel, seven flow distribution holes are formed in the position, shielded by the flow distribution disc, of the flow channel shell in a surrounding mode with the crankshaft as the circle center, and each flow distribution hole is connected with one plunger assembly through a flow distribution channel arranged in the flow channel shell. The high-water-base hydraulic motor is simple in structure, the eccentric swing type valve plate is adopted, the valve plate shields the plunger valve holes through swing and directly cuts off the valve channels of the plungers, the abrasion of the valve plate is small, the rotating speed range of the high-water-base hydraulic motor is widened, the volume efficiency, the mechanical efficiency and the working reliability of the high-water-base hydraulic motor are improved, and the service life of the high-water-base hydraulic motor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a high-water-based hydraulic motor with a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger, and particularly to the technical field of high-water-based hydraulic motors in the mining and marine machinery industries. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic motors are widely used actuators in hydraulic transmission systems, primarily for rotary drives in hydraulically driven equipment. However, in special operating conditions, such as underground coal mine construction equipment, underwater marine mining, and food processing machinery, where explosion-proof, flame-retardant, environmentally friendly, and hygienic requirements exist, it is essential to use high-water-based fluids (seawater, emulsions, water, etc.) with flame-retardant properties, low viscosity, and low pollution as the transmission medium. Currently, many hydraulic motors used in high-water-based hydraulic systems are simply hydraulic oil motors that have undergone rust-proofing treatment and are used directly. These include crankshaft connecting rod radial piston motors, internal curve radial piston motors, cycloidal motors, and planetary gear motors. Due to the low viscosity, poor lubricity, and corrosiveness of high-water-based media, the gaps between the piston pairs, slipper pairs, and distribution pairs after rust-proofing treatment are difficult to form an effective lubricating film. This leads to rapid wear and leakage, causing a rapid decline in the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor, resulting in lower operational reliability and service life. While some patents have addressed high-water-based hydraulic motors, prior art (CN111779648B) discloses a low-speed, high-torque valve-distributed radial piston high-water-based hydraulic motor, and CN106286110B discloses a swing-cylinder type low-speed, high-torque high-water-based hydraulic motor with a self-balancing valve distribution mechanism. These prior art patents utilize distribution valves to distribute fluid to the pistons, improving the volumetric efficiency of the high-water-based hydraulic motor and making it more suitable for low-speed, high-torque high-water-based operating conditions. However, the speed is significantly limited by the response speed of the distribution valves, affecting mechanical efficiency. Furthermore, each piston requires two distribution valves, resulting in a larger hydraulic motor size. Currently, no dedicated high-water-based hydraulic motors specifically designed for high-water-based fluid conditions have been found on the market. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-water-based hydraulic motor that can adapt to a wide speed range, operate reliably in low-viscosity media, and improve friction pair wear and leakage issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger high-water-based hydraulic motor. It utilizes a crankshaft seven-star wheel transmission to output torque and introduces a flow-guided lubrication plunger pair structure, which features excellent lubrication, low eccentric wear of the plunger pair, high working pressure, and a simple, easily replaceable, and compensating plunger wear. It employs an eccentric swing-type distribution plate, which directly cuts off the plunger's flow path by swinging and shielding the plunger's distribution holes, resulting in minimal wear of the distribution plate. This expands the speed range of the high-water-based hydraulic motor and improves its volumetric efficiency, mechanical efficiency, operational reliability, and service life.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a high-water-based hydraulic motor with a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger, comprising a cylindrical plunger housing, seven mounting holes equally spaced on the side wall of the plunger housing, a seven-star wheel at the center of the plunger housing, seven plunger assemblies between the seven-star wheel and the mounting holes on the side wall of the plunger housing, an end cap flange on the front end face of the plunger housing, and a flow channel housing on the rear end face, wherein the plunger housing, the end cap flange, and the flow channel housing are fixed together by multiple connecting bolts; The seven-star wheel has a crankshaft. At the front end of the seven-star wheel, a main shaft bearing A is installed on the crankshaft via a shaft end seal. An end cover flange is fixed to the outside of the main shaft bearing A and the shaft end seal via a bearing end cover. At the rear end of the seven-star wheel, a main shaft bearing B is installed between the crankshaft and the flow channel housing. A distribution plate and a distribution inner end cover are sequentially installed behind the flow channel housing. The flow channel housing has a matching groove at the main shaft bearing B. An interface valve block is connected to the rear end of the flow channel housing via a shim ring. The distribution plate is located in the middle of the shim ring, and the distribution inner end cover is located in the matching groove inside the interface valve block. The flow channel housing is surrounded by seven flow distribution holes with the crankshaft as the center at the position where the flow distribution plate blocks the flow channel housing. Each flow distribution hole is connected to a plunger assembly through a flow distribution channel set in the flow channel housing. The flow distribution plate is installed together with the crankshaft through a needle roller assembly and an eccentric ring. The flow distribution plate oscillates eccentrically with the rotation of the crankshaft, thereby blocking each flow distribution hole on the flow channel housing in an orderly sequence, thus controlling the communication between port A or port B on the interface valve block.

[0005] Furthermore, the plunger assembly comprises a first plunger assembly, a second plunger assembly, a third plunger assembly, a fourth plunger assembly, a fifth plunger assembly, a sixth plunger assembly, and a seventh plunger assembly; The plunger assembly includes a plunger end cap, a plunger sleeve, a combined sealing ring, a sealing gasket, a plunger, a spring, and a spring. The plunger end cap is located on top of the plunger sleeve. The combined sealing ring is located on the outer side of the plunger end cap, and a space is provided on the inner side of the plunger end cap. An opening communicating with the gap and the flow distribution channel is opened on the plunger end cap. The plunger is inserted into the plunger sleeve to form a telescopic piston structure. A spring is fitted on the outer side of the telescopic piston structure formed by the plunger sleeve and the plunger to allow the piston to extend out of the piston sleeve. The top of the plunger sleeve has an outward expansion for matching the plunger housing mounting hole. The structure features a spring seat at the bottom of the plunger, and a sealing gasket between the lower part of the plunger sleeve's outer expansion structure and the mounting hole. A plunger guide port is located in the middle of the plunger sleeve. As the plunger extends out of the plunger sleeve, the guide port connects with the space of the plunger end cap. The plunger sleeve is divided into an upper working section and a lower guiding section by the guide port. The guiding section helps to mitigate the impact of eccentric loads on the plunger during its reciprocating motion, ensuring that the central axis of the plunger and the plunger sleeve remains as aligned as possible. The working section seals the high-pressure, high-water-based fluid between the plunger and the plunger sleeve. The plunger has an axial through hole that communicates with the inner space of the plunger end cap. At the bottom of the through hole, there is a pressure balance chamber that contacts the star wheel through a damping hole. The damping hole is used to limit the flow rate into the pressure balance chamber, thereby balancing part of the hydraulic pressure exerted by the plunger on the star wheel. The high water-based liquid in the pressure balance chamber enters the friction pair space formed by the plunger and the star wheel during the movement between the plunger and the star wheel, achieving the functions of lubrication and cooling.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer edge of the seven-star wheel has a heptagonal structure, and the plane formed by each side of the seven-star wheel is in contact with the lower end of a plunger assembly; the flow channel housing is provided with an external vent for discharging the leaked base fluid inside the high-water-based hydraulic motor.

[0007] Furthermore, after the plunger end cap threads are tightened, the lower end face of the plunger end cap presses against the plunger sleeve, causing the plunger sleeve to press the sealing gasket into the plunger housing mounting hole, thus achieving a seal on the plunger assembly. The spring ensures that the bottom surface of the plunger is always in contact with the seven-star wheel. At this time, the upper end of the spring abuts against the inner side of the plunger housing, and the lower end of the spring abuts against the spring seat. High-pressure, high-water-based fluid enters the space of the plunger cover through the distribution channel and acts on the plunger to generate hydraulic pressure. The plunger then acts on the seven-star wheel to generate torque output. At the same time, the high-pressure, high-water-based fluid enters the working section of the plunger and plunger sleeve to form a lubricating film. When the plunger moves to the guide section, the plunger guide port in the middle of the plunger sleeve allows the high-water-based fluid to leak out, causing the lubricating film in the working section to flow, improving the formation and distribution of the film, thereby enhancing the water lubrication effect of the plunger-plunger sleeve friction pair.

[0008] Furthermore, the distribution plate has a hollowed-out area; the gap between the shim ring and the distribution plate forms an inner hole. The distribution plate has an inner and outer double-ring structure. The outer and inner boundaries of the outer ring of the distribution plate are the outer boundary 1 and the outer boundary 2 of the distribution plate, and the outer and inner boundaries of the inner ring of the distribution plate are the inner boundary 1 and the inner boundary 2 of the distribution plate. Port A on the interface valve block is connected to the area formed by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 1 of the distribution plate, and then further connected to the corresponding distribution hole through the hollowed-out area. Port B is connected to the area formed by the outer boundary 1 of the distribution plate and the inner hole on the shim ring, and then further connected to the corresponding distribution hole. Liquid enters through port A and returns through port B. When the crankshaft rotates clockwise, liquid enters through port B and returns through port A. When the crankshaft of the high-water-based hydraulic motor rotates counterclockwise, liquid enters through port B and liquid returns through port A.

[0009] An assembly method for a high-water-based hydraulic motor with radial plungers on a star-wheel crankshaft involves first installing the bearing end cover onto the end cover flange using bolts, then installing the shaft end seal inside the bearing end cover, installing the seven star wheels and roller bearings on the crankshaft, and installing the main shaft bearings B and A at both ends of the crankshaft. The outer ring of the main shaft bearing A is then installed inside the bearing end cover 6. After first fixing the plunger housing and end cover flange together using connecting bolts, the seven plunger assemblies are sequentially installed into the radial mounting holes of the plunger housing. During the installation of the plunger assembly, first place the sealing gasket and plunger sleeve into the radial mounting hole on the plunger housing. Then, install the spring on the plunger sleeve from the inside of the plunger housing. After placing the spring seat on the plunger, insert the plunger into the plunger sleeve. The bottom of the plunger is pressed against the star wheel. Finally, tighten the plunger end cap. The lower end face of the plunger end cap presses against the plunger sleeve, which will cause the plunger sleeve to press the sealing gasket against the plunger housing, thus achieving a seal on the plunger assembly. The spring ensures that the bottom surface of the plunger is always in contact with the star wheel, and the combined sealing ring on the plunger end cap provides axial sealing. After completing the installation of all plunger assemblies, remove the connecting bolts and install the flow channel housing on the outer ring of the main shaft bearing B. Then, use connecting bolts to install and fix the plunger housing, flow channel housing, and end cover flange together. The contact surfaces of the plunger housing and flow channel housing are equipped with sealing rings to prevent leakage, and the contact surfaces of the plunger housing and end cover flange are equipped with sealing rings to prevent leakage. The crankshaft extends from the middle of the flow channel housing. An eccentric ring is installed on the extended end of the crankshaft and connected by a flat key. The needle roller assembly is installed on the outer circle of the eccentric ring. Then, the distribution plate is installed on the needle roller assembly. During operation, due to the presence of the needle roller assembly, the crankshaft drives the eccentric ring to rotate. The rollers of the needle roller assembly roll, creating a rolling degree of freedom between the distribution plate and the eccentric ring. The distribution plate oscillates with the eccentricity of the eccentric ring but does not rotate circumferentially with the eccentric ring, reducing the friction distance of the distribution plate. The inner end cap of the distribution system is installed in the inner hole of the interface valve block, and then the shim ring is installed on the flow channel housing together with bolts. The end face of the shim ring and the interface valve block that are in contact with each other, and the end face of the shim ring and the flow channel housing that are in contact with each other, are provided with sealing rings to prevent leakage.

[0010] A working method for a star-wheel crankshaft radial plunger high-water-based hydraulic motor: liquid is introduced through port A and returned through port B, and the crankshaft of the high-water-based hydraulic motor rotates clockwise; the outer boundary 1 and the outer boundary 2 of the distribution plate form an outer annular region, and the inner boundary 1 and the inner boundary 2 of the distribution plate form an inner annular region. After liquid enters through port A, the distribution plate is installed on the crankshaft via the needle roller assembly and eccentric ring. As the crankshaft rotates, the distribution plate oscillates eccentrically. During this process, the distribution plate gradually and orderly covers or opens the distribution holes of each plunger assembly as the crankshaft rotates, thereby realizing the orderly supply and return of liquid to each plunger assembly of the motor. High-pressure, high-water-based liquid enters the region formed by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 1 of the distribution plate. The region formed by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 1 of the distribution plate is connected to the distribution holes of the second, third, and fourth plunger assemblies of the flow channel housing. The high-pressure, high-water-based liquid enters the distribution holes of the second, third, and fourth plunger assemblies of the flow channel housing and then enters the second, third, and fourth plunger assemblies. The plungers in the second, third, and fourth plunger assemblies are subjected to hydraulic pressure and generate torque on the crankshaft through the seven-star wheel and roller bearings, pushing the crankshaft to rotate clockwise. At this time, the distribution hole of the first plunger assembly is blocked by the outer annular area on the distribution plate. The first plunger assembly neither enters nor returns liquid, and the plunger of the first plunger assembly contracts radially into the plunger sleeve to the lowest point. The area formed by the outer boundary 1 of the distribution plate and the inner hole on the shim ring is connected to port B. The area formed by the outer boundary 1 of the distribution plate and the inner hole on the shim ring is connected to the distribution holes of the fifth plunger assembly, the sixth plunger assembly, and the seventh plunger assembly on the flow channel housing. The fifth plunger assembly, the sixth plunger assembly, and the seventh plunger assembly are in the liquid return state and return liquid to port B through the distribution holes of the fifth plunger assembly, the sixth plunger assembly, and the seventh plunger assembly, respectively. Liquid enters through port A. After crankshaft 4 rotates 180° clockwise: when the plunger of the first plunger assembly moves radially upward under the drive of the crankshaft and the seven-star wheel to return liquid, when the plunger moves to the highest point, the distribution hole of the first plunger assembly is completely blocked by the outer annular area on the distribution plate. At this time, the first plunger assembly neither enters nor returns liquid. The distribution holes of the seventh plunger assembly, the sixth plunger assembly, and the fifth plunger assembly are connected to the area formed by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 1 of the distribution plate. The high-pressure, high-water-based liquid entering through port A enters the seventh, sixth, and fifth plunger assemblies. The plungers of the seventh, sixth, and fifth plunger assemblies are driven by hydraulic pressure to continue rotating the crankshaft clockwise. The flow distribution holes of the second plunger assembly, the third plunger assembly, and the fourth plunger assembly are connected to the area formed by the outer boundary of the flow distribution plate and the inner hole on the shim ring, and then connected to port B. At this time, the second plunger assembly, the third plunger assembly, and the fourth plunger assembly are connected and in the return state. The continuous inflow of liquid into port A causes the crankshaft to drive the distribution plate to oscillate eccentrically, thereby achieving the sequential and orderly supply and return of liquid to each plunger assembly, following a pattern of gradual increase or decrease, thus ensuring the continuous rotation of the high-water-based hydraulic motor.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the interaction between a plunger assembly with a plunger guide port and a crankshaft seven-star wheel to generate speed and torque output. The plunger assembly is easy to install and disassemble, and the lubricating film distribution between the plunger and the plunger sleeve is better, resulting in better lubrication. The plunger remains aligned during movement, reducing wear caused by off-center loading. The pressure balance chamber at the bottom of the plunger can balance part of the plunger fluid pressure, reducing friction and wear at the bottom of the plunger, and extending the lifespan of the plunger assembly. This invention employs an eccentric swing-type distribution plate, which shields the plunger distribution orifice by swinging the distribution plate, directly cutting off the plunger's distribution channel. The distribution plate does not tilt left or right, resulting in less surface wear. The overall speed range of the motor is wider, improving the volumetric efficiency, mechanical efficiency, and operational reliability of the high-water-based hydraulic motor. It can be used in underwater environments, underground coal mines, food processing, and other water-hydraulic systems requiring explosion-proof, environmentally friendly, and flame-retardant properties. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a main sectional view of the high-water-based hydraulic motor with a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger according to the present invention; Figure 2 These are the top view and isometric view of the seven-star crankshaft radial plunger high-water-based hydraulic motor of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the plunger assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 EE section diagram; Figure 5 for Figure 1 DD cross-section diagram; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of EE after the middle crankshaft is rotated 180°; Figure 7 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the DD section after the crankshaft is rotated 180°.

[0013] In the diagram, 1. Plunger housing, 2. Seven-star wheel, 3. Roller bearing, 4. Crankshaft, 5. Shaft end seal, 6. Bearing end cover, 7. Main shaft bearing A, 8. End cover flange, 9. Flow channel housing, 10. Connecting bolt, 11. Balancing ring, 12. Interface valve block, 13. Main shaft bearing B, 14. Distribution plate, 15. Needle roller assembly, 16. Plug, 17. Distribution inner end cover, 18. Eccentric ring, 1-Z, First plunger assembly, 2-Z, Second plunger assembly, 3-Z, Third plunger assembly (3-Z), 4-Z, Fourth plunger assembly, 5-Z, Fifth plunger assembly, 6-Z, Sixth plunger assembly, 7-Z, Seventh plunger assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger high-water-based hydraulic motor, comprising a plunger housing 1, a seven-star wheel 2, a roller bearing 3, a crankshaft 4, a shaft end seal 5, a bearing end cover 6, a main shaft bearing A7, an end cover flange 8, a flow channel housing 9, connecting bolts 10, a shim ring 11, an interface valve block 12, a main shaft bearing B13, a distribution plate 14, a needle roller assembly 15, a plug 16, a distribution inner end cover 17, an eccentric ring 18, and seven plunger assemblies.

[0016] The seven plunger assemblies are, in order: first plunger assembly 1-Z, second plunger assembly 2-Z, third plunger assembly 3-Z, fourth plunger assembly 4-Z, fifth plunger assembly 5-Z, sixth plunger assembly 6-Z, and seventh plunger assembly 7-Z.

[0017] The plunger housing 1 has seven radial mounting holes at equal intervals on its side wall for mounting plunger assemblies.

[0018] The plunger assembly includes a plunger end cap, a plunger sleeve, a combined sealing ring, a sealing gasket, a plunger, a spring, and a spring seat.

[0019] A plug 16 is installed at the end of the flow channel on the flow channel housing 9 to seal the flow channel.

[0020] First, install the bearing end cover 6 onto the end cover flange 8 with bolts. Then, install the shaft end seal 5 inside the bearing end cover 6. Install the seven-star wheel 2 and the roller bearing 3 onto the crankshaft 4. Install the main shaft bearing B13 and the main shaft bearing A7 at both ends of the crankshaft 4. Then, install the outer ring of the main shaft bearing A7 inside the bearing end cover 6. After fixing the plunger housing 1 and the end cover flange 8 together with the connecting bolts 10, install the seven plunger assemblies into the radial holes of the plunger housing 1 in sequence.

[0021] During the installation of the plunger assembly, the sealing gasket and plunger sleeve are first placed into the radial mounting hole on the plunger housing 1. Then, the spring is installed on the plunger sleeve from the inside of the plunger housing 1. After the spring seat is placed on the plunger, the plunger is installed into the plunger sleeve, and the bottom of the plunger is pressed against the star wheel. Finally, the plunger end cap is tightened, and the lower end face of the plunger end cap presses against the plunger sleeve, which causes the plunger sleeve to press the sealing gasket against the plunger housing 1, thus achieving a seal on the plunger assembly. The spring ensures that the bottom surface of the plunger is always in contact with the star wheel, and the combined sealing ring on the plunger end cap is used for axial sealing.

[0022] After completing the installation of all plunger assemblies, remove the connecting bolts 10 and install the flow channel housing 9 on the outer ring of the main shaft bearing B13. Then, use the connecting bolts 10 to install and fix the plunger housing 1, flow channel housing 9, and end cover flange 8 together. The contact surfaces of the plunger housing 1 and the flow channel housing 9 are provided with sealing rings to prevent leakage, and the contact surfaces of the plunger housing 1 and the end cover flange 8 are also provided with sealing rings to prevent leakage.

[0023] The crankshaft 4 extends from the middle of the flow channel housing 9. An eccentric ring 18 is installed on the extended end of the crankshaft 4 and connected by a flat key. The needle roller assembly 15 is installed on the outer circle of the eccentric ring 18. Then, the distribution plate 14 is installed on the needle roller assembly 15. During operation, due to the presence of the needle roller assembly 15, the crankshaft 4 drives the eccentric ring 18 to rotate. The rollers of the needle roller assembly 15 roll, so that there is a rolling degree of freedom between the distribution plate 14 and the eccentric ring 18. The distribution plate 14 swings with the eccentricity of the eccentric ring 18, but does not rotate in a circle with the eccentric ring 18, thus reducing the friction distance of the distribution plate 14.

[0024] The inner end cap 17 of the distribution is installed on the inner hole of the interface valve block 12, and then the shim ring 11 is installed on the flow channel housing 9 together with the bolt. The end face of the shim ring 11 and the interface valve block 12 that are in contact with each other, and the end face of the shim ring 11 and the flow channel housing 9 that are in contact with each other are provided with sealing rings to prevent leakage.

[0025] After the inner end cap 17 is installed in the inner hole of the interface valve block 12, it is finely ground and polished so that the end faces of the interface valve port 12 and the inner end cap 17 are on the same plane. This dimension is represented by the width L. The end faces of the shim ring 11, the distribution plate 14, and the flow channel housing are finely ground and polished to obtain the width A, ensuring that the distribution plate 14 can rotate flexibly within the width M, and the gap between the two sides of the distribution plate 14 is within 3~6μm. This enables the outer annular area of ​​the distribution plate 14 to effectively shield the distribution hole, as well as the sealing of the outer annular area and the inner annular area.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, a high-water-based hydraulic motor with a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger is characterized in that: the interface valve block is machined with port A and port B for the inlet and outlet of the high-water-based hydraulic motor, wherein port A is for inlet and port B is for outlet, and the crankshaft 4 of the high-water-based hydraulic motor rotates clockwise; port B is for inlet and port A is for outlet, and the crankshaft 4 of the high-water-based hydraulic motor rotates counterclockwise.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, each plunger assembly includes a plunger end cap, a plunger sleeve, a combined sealing ring, a sealing gasket, a plunger, a spring, and a spring seat. The plunger sleeve is machined with a plunger flow guide, dividing the plunger sleeve into a guiding section and a working section, with the flow guide as the boundary. The guiding section is used to mitigate the influence of eccentric loads on the plunger during reciprocating motion, keeping the central axis of the plunger and the plunger sleeve as aligned as possible. The working section is used to seal the high-pressure, high-water-based fluid between the plunger and the plunger sleeve. The high-pressure, high-water-based fluid acts on the plunger, generating hydraulic pressure, which in turn acts on the plunger... The seven-star wheel generates torque output, while high-pressure high-water-based fluid enters the gap between the plunger and the plunger sleeve (working section) to form a lubricating film. The high-water-based fluid has a low viscosity, and the lubricating film in the working section of the plunger assembly is extremely thin, uneven, or discontinuous, which can easily cause wear between the plunger and the plunger sleeve. The plunger guide port in the middle of the plunger sleeve allows the high-water-based fluid in the gap between the plunger and the plunger sleeve in the working section to leak out, so that the lubricating film in the working section flows, improving the formation and distribution of the film, thereby enhancing the water lubrication effect of the plunger-plunger sleeve friction pair.

[0028] The plunger is machined with a damping hole and a pressure balance chamber. The pressure balance chamber is located at the bottom of the plunger. The high-pressure liquid at the top of the plunger enters the pressure balance chamber through the damping hole. The damping hole is used to limit the flow rate into the pressure balance chamber, thereby balancing part of the hydraulic pressure exerted by the plunger on the star wheel. The high-water-based liquid in the pressure balance chamber enters the friction pair gap formed by the plunger and the star wheel during the movement between the plunger and the star wheel, which can play a role in lubrication and cooling.

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 EE cross-sectional view of a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger high-water-based hydraulic motor. Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A DD cross-sectional view of a seven-star crankshaft radial piston high-water-based hydraulic motor. (Combined with...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 The working process of this invention will be further described.

[0030] When a seven-star crankshaft radial piston high-water-based hydraulic motor is in such a state Figure 4 In the current state, the center of the plunger housing 1 is O1, and the center of the seven-star wheel is O2, with a distance e between them. Taking the inlet A and outlet B as an example, the crankshaft 4 of the high-water-based hydraulic motor rotates clockwise, and the positional relationship between the distribution plate 14 and each distribution hole is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. The outer boundary 1 and the outer boundary 2 of the distribution plate 14 form an outer annular region, and the inner boundary 1 and the inner boundary 2 of the distribution plate 14 form an inner annular region.

[0031] After liquid enters through port A, the high-pressure high-water-based liquid enters the area formed by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 1 of the distribution plate 14. At this time, the area formed by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 1 of the distribution plate 14 is connected to the distribution holes 2-Z, 3-Z and 4-Z of the flow channel housing 9. The high-pressure high-water-based liquid enters the distribution holes 2-Z, 3-Z and 4-Z of the flow channel housing 9 and then enters the second plunger assembly 2-Z, the third plunger assembly 3-Z and the fourth plunger assembly 4-Z. The plungers in the second plunger assembly 2-Z, the third plunger assembly 3-Z and the fourth plunger assembly 4-Z are respectively subjected to hydraulic pressure and generate torque on the crankshaft 4 through the seven-star wheel 2 and the roller bearing 3, which drives the crankshaft 4 to rotate clockwise.

[0032] At this time, the flow orifice of 1-Z is blocked by the outer annular area on the flow distribution plate 14, and the first plunger assembly 1-Z neither receives liquid nor returns liquid. The plunger of the first plunger assembly 1-Z contracts radially inward to the lowest point.

[0033] The area formed by the outer boundary 1 of the distribution plate 14 and the inner hole of the shim ring 11 is connected to port B. The area formed by the outer boundary 1 of the distribution plate 14 and the inner hole of the shim ring 11 is connected to the distribution holes 5-Z, 6-Z, and 7-Z on the flow channel housing 9. The fifth plunger assembly 5-Z, the sixth plunger assembly 6-Z, and the seventh plunger assembly 7-Z are in a return state, returning liquid to port B through the distribution holes 5-Z, 6-Z, and 7-Z, respectively. The flow channel housing 9 is provided with an external drain port for discharging the high-water-based liquid leaking from the high-water-based hydraulic motor of this invention.

[0034] The distribution plate 14 is installed together with the crankshaft 4 via the needle roller assembly 15 and the eccentric ring 18. As the crankshaft 4 rotates, the distribution plate 14 swings eccentrically, thereby orderly shielding each distribution hole.

[0035] When crankshaft 4 from Figure 4 The position shown is continuously rotated 180°. At this time, the EE cross section of a seven-star crankshaft radial plunger high-water-based hydraulic motor is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the positional relationship between the corresponding distribution plate 14 and each distribution hole is as follows: Figure 7 As shown.

[0036] The plunger of the first plunger assembly 1-Z moves radially upward under the push of the crankshaft 4 and the seven-star wheel 2 to return fluid. When the plunger reaches its highest point, Figure 6 The flow distribution hole corresponding to the first plunger assembly 1-Z is completely blocked by the outer annular area on the flow distribution plate 14. At this time, the first plunger assembly 1-Z neither receives liquid nor returns liquid.

[0037] The flow distribution holes of 7-Z, 6-Z, and 5-Z corresponding to the seventh plunger assembly 7-Z, the sixth plunger assembly 6-Z, and the fifth plunger assembly 5-Z are connected to the area formed by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 1 of the flow distribution on the flow distribution plate 14. The high-pressure high-water-based liquid entering through port A enters the seventh plunger assembly 7-Z, the sixth plunger assembly 6-Z, and the fifth plunger assembly 5-Z. The plungers of the seventh plunger assembly 7-Z, the sixth plunger assembly 6-Z, and the fifth plunger assembly 5-Z are pushed by hydraulic pressure to continue rotating the crankshaft 4 clockwise.

[0038] The flow distribution holes of the second plunger assembly 2-Z, the third plunger assembly 3-Z, and the fourth plunger assembly 4-Z, corresponding to the flow distribution holes of 2-Z, 3-Z, and 4-Z, are connected to the closed area formed by the flow distribution outer boundary 1 on the flow distribution plate 14 and the inner hole on the shim ring 11, and are then connected to port B. At this time, the second plunger assembly 2-Z, the third plunger assembly 3-Z, and the fourth plunger assembly 4-Z are in the liquid return state.

[0039] When liquid is continuously supplied to port A, crankshaft 4 drives distribution plate 14 to oscillate eccentrically, thereby achieving orderly liquid supply and return for each plunger assembly and enabling the high-water-based hydraulic motor to rotate continuously.

[0040] Correspondingly, when liquid enters through port B and returns through port A, the piston movement and distribution process of a seven-star crankshaft radial piston high-water-based hydraulic motor are the same, which will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A seven-spider radial piston high water-based hydraulic motor characterized by: The plunger shell (1) comprises a cylindrical structure, seven mounting holes are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the plunger shell (1), a seven-star wheel (2) is arranged at the center of the plunger shell (1), seven plunger assemblies are arranged between the seven-star wheel (2) and the mounting holes of the side wall of the plunger shell (1), an end cover flange (8) is arranged on the front end face of the plunger shell (1), and a flow passage shell (9) is arranged on the rear end face of the plunger shell (1), the plunger shell (1), the end cover flange (8) and the flow passage shell (9) are fixed through a plurality of connecting bolts (10); The seven-star wheel (2) is provided with a crankshaft (4), the front end of the seven-star wheel (2) is provided with a main shaft bearing A (7) on the crankshaft (4) through an axle end seal (5), the main shaft bearing A (7) and the axle end seal (5) are provided with the end cover flange (8) outside the bearing end cover (6); the rear end of the seven-star wheel (2) is provided with a main shaft bearing B (13) between the crankshaft (4) and the flow passage shell (9), a flow distribution disc (14) and a flow distribution inner end cover (17) are sequentially arranged at the rear of the flow passage shell (9); the flow passage shell (9) is provided with a matching groove at the main shaft bearing B (13), the rear end of the flow passage shell (9) is connected with a joint valve block (12) through a pad ring (11), the flow distribution disc (14) is arranged in the middle of the pad ring (11), and the flow distribution inner end cover (17) is arranged in the matching groove in the joint valve block (12); The flow passage shell (9) is provided with seven flow distribution holes around the crankshaft (4) at a position blocked by the flow distribution disc (14), each flow distribution hole is connected with a plunger assembly through a flow distribution flow passage arranged in the flow passage shell (9), the flow distribution disc (14) is installed together with the crankshaft (4) through a needle roller assembly (15) and an eccentric ring (18), the flow distribution disc (14) rotates and eccentrically swings with the crankshaft (4), and then sequentially blocks each flow distribution hole on the flow passage shell (9), so that the A port or the B port opened on the joint valve block (12) is controlled.

2. The seven-spider crank radial piston high water-based hydraulic motor of claim 1, wherein: The plunger assemblies are a first plunger assembly (1-Z), a second plunger assembly (2-Z), a third plunger assembly (3-Z), a fourth plunger assembly (4-Z), a fifth plunger assembly (5-Z), a sixth plunger assembly (6-Z) and a seventh plunger assembly (7-Z). The plunger assembly comprises a plunger end cover, a plunger sleeve, a combined sealing ring, a sealing gasket, a plunger, a spring, and a spring, wherein the plunger end cover is arranged at the top of the plunger sleeve, the outer side of the plunger end cover is provided with the combined sealing ring, the inner side of the plunger end cover is provided with a space, an opening is formed in the plunger end cover and is communicated with the gap, and the opening is communicated with the flow distribution passage; the plunger is inserted into the plunger sleeve to form a telescopic piston structure, the outer side of the telescopic piston structure formed by the plunger sleeve and the plunger is provided with the spring for enabling the piston to extend out of the plunger sleeve, the top of the plunger sleeve is provided with an expanded structure for matching the mounting hole of the plunger shell (1), the bottom of the plunger is provided with a spring seat, and the sealing gasket is arranged between the expanded structure of the plunger sleeve and the mounting hole below; the middle part of the plunger sleeve is provided with a plunger flow guide port, the plunger moves out of the plunger sleeve along with the plunger, so that the plunger flow guide port is communicated with the space of the plunger end cover, and the plunger sleeve is divided into an upper working section and a lower guide section by the plunger flow guide port, the guide section is used for reducing the influence of the eccentric load on the telescopic reciprocating movement of the plunger and enabling the center axis of the plunger and the plunger sleeve to coincide as much as possible, and the working section is used for sealing the high-pressure high-water-based liquid between the plunger and the plunger sleeve; an axial through hole is arranged in the plunger and is communicated with the space of the inner side of the plunger end cover, a pressure balance cavity in contact with the seven-star wheel (2) is arranged at the bottom of the through hole through a damping hole, the damping hole is used for limiting the flow rate entering the pressure balance cavity, so that part of the hydraulic pressure of the plunger acting on the seven-star wheel (2) can be balanced, and the high-water-based liquid in the pressure balance cavity enters the friction pair space formed by the plunger and the seven-star wheel (2) in the movement process between the plunger and the seven-star wheel (2), so as to realize the lubrication and cooling effects.

3. The seven-spider crank radial piston high water base hydraulic motor of claim 3, wherein: The outer edge of the seven-star wheel (2) is a heptagonal structure, each side of the seven-star wheel (2) forms a plane in contact with the lower end of one plunger assembly, and an external leakage port for discharging the leaked high-water-based liquid inside the high-pressure high-water-based liquid motor is arranged on the flow passage shell (9).

4. The seven-spider gerotor radial piston high water-based hydraulic motor of claim 3, wherein: After the plunger end cover is screwed, the lower end surface of the plunger end cover presses the plunger sleeve, the plunger sleeve presses the sealing gasket in the mounting hole of the plunger shell (1), the sealing of the plunger assembly is realized, the spring ensures that the lower bottom surface of the plunger is always in contact with the seven-star wheel (2), the upper end of the spring is in contact with the inner side of the plunger shell (1) at this time, and the lower end of the spring is in contact with the spring seat; The high-pressure high-water-based liquid enters the space of the plunger cover through the flow distribution passage and acts on the plunger to generate hydraulic pressure, the plunger further acts on the seven-star wheel (2) to generate torque output, and at the same time, the high-pressure high-water-based liquid enters the working section part of the plunger and the plunger sleeve to form a lubricating liquid film; When the plunger moves to the guide section, the plunger flow guide port in the middle part of the plunger sleeve causes the high-water-based liquid to leak out, so that the lubricating liquid film of the working section flows, the formation and distribution state of the liquid film are improved, and the water lubrication effect of the plunger-plunger sleeve friction pair is enhanced.

5. The seven-pointed crank radial piston high water base hydraulic motor of claim 1, wherein: The flow distribution disc (14) is provided with a hollow area; the gap between the cushion ring (11) and the flow distribution disc (14) forms an inner hole, the flow distribution disc (14) is a double-ring structure, the outer and inner boundaries of the outer ring of the flow distribution disc (14) are the flow distribution outer boundary 1 and the flow distribution outer boundary 2, and the outer and inner boundaries of the inner ring of the flow distribution disc (14) are the flow distribution inner boundary 1 and the flow distribution inner boundary 2; the A port on the interface valve block (12) is communicated with the area formed by the flow distribution outer boundary 2 and the flow distribution inner boundary 1 on the flow distribution disc (14), and then is further communicated to the corresponding flow distribution hole through the hollow area; the B port is communicated with the area formed by the flow distribution outer boundary 1 on the flow distribution disc (14) and the inner hole on the cushion ring (11), and then is further communicated to the corresponding flow distribution hole; the A port of the interface valve block (12) is used for liquid inlet, the B port is used for liquid return, the crankshaft (4) rotates clockwise, the B port is used for liquid inlet, the A port is used for liquid return, and the crankshaft (4) of the high-water-based hydraulic motor rotates counterclockwise.

6. A method of assembling the seven-spider crank radial piston high water-based hydraulic motor of claim 3, characterized by: First, the bearing end cover (6) is installed on the end cover flange (8) through bolts, then the shaft end seal (5) is installed in the bearing end cover (6), the seven-star wheel (2) and the roller bearing (3) are installed on the crankshaft (4), the main shaft bearing B (13) and the main shaft bearing A (7) are installed on both ends of the crankshaft (4), and then the outer ring of the main shaft bearing A (7) is installed in the bearing end cover 6; first, the plunger housing (1) and the end cover flange (8) are fixed together by using the connecting bolts (10), and then seven plunger assemblies are installed in the radial installation holes of the plunger housing (1) in sequence; During the installation of the plunger assembly, first, the sealing gasket and the plunger sleeve are placed in the radial installation hole of the plunger housing (1), then the spring is installed on the plunger sleeve from the inside of the plunger housing (1), the spring seat is sleeved on the plunger, the plunger is installed in the plunger sleeve, the bottom of the plunger is pressed against the seven-star wheel, and finally the plunger end cover is tightened, the lower end surface of the plunger end cover is pressed against the plunger sleeve, so that the plunger sleeve presses the sealing gasket against the plunger housing (1), the sealing of the plunger assembly is realized, the spring ensures that the lower bottom surface of the plunger is always in contact with the seven-star wheel, and the combined sealing ring on the plunger end cover is axially sealed; After the installation of all the plunger assemblies is completed, the connecting bolts (10) are removed, the flow channel housing (9) is installed on the outer ring of the main shaft bearing B (13), and then the plunger housing (1), the flow channel housing (9) and the end cover flange (8) are installed and fixed together by using the connecting bolts (10) again, wherein the abutting surface of the plunger housing (1) and the flow channel housing (9) is provided with a sealing ring for preventing leakage, and the abutting surface of the plunger housing (1) and the end cover flange (8) is provided with a sealing ring for preventing leakage; The crankshaft (4) extends in the middle of the flow passage shell (9), the eccentric ring (18) is installed on the extended end of the crankshaft (4) by means of a key connection, the needle roller assembly (15) is installed on the outer circle of the eccentric ring (18), and then the valve plate (14) is installed on the needle roller assembly (15). In operation, the crankshaft (4) drives the eccentric ring (18) to rotate due to the presence of the needle roller assembly (15), the rollers of the needle roller assembly (15) roll, and the valve plate (14) and the eccentric ring (18) have a rolling freedom, the valve plate (14) swings eccentrically with the eccentric ring (18) and does not rotate with the eccentric ring (18), and the movement friction distance of the valve plate (14) is reduced; The flow distribution inner end cover (17) is installed in the inner hole on the interface valve block (12), and then the gasket ring (11) is installed on the flow passage shell (9) by means of bolt connection, and the end surface of the gasket ring (11) and the interface valve block (12) and the end surface of the gasket ring (11) and the flow passage shell (9) are provided with sealing rings for preventing leakage.

7. A method of operating the high water based hydraulic motor of claim 1, wherein: The crankshaft (4) of the high-water-based hydraulic motor rotates clockwise through the liquid inlet at port A and the liquid return at port B; the outer annular area is formed between the flow distribution outer boundary 1 and the flow distribution outer boundary 2 on the valve plate (14), and the inner annular area is formed between the flow distribution inner boundary 1 and the flow distribution inner boundary 2 on the valve plate (14); After the liquid inlet at port A, the valve plate (14) is installed through the needle roller assembly (15) and the eccentric ring (18) and the crankshaft (4), and swings eccentrically with the rotation of the crankshaft (4), and in this process, the valve plate (14) gradually shields or opens the flow distribution holes of each plunger assembly in order with the rotation of the crankshaft (4), so as to realize the orderly liquid supply and return of each plunger assembly of the motor; The high-pressure high-water-based liquid enters the area formed by the flow distribution outer boundary 2 and the flow distribution inner boundary 1 on the valve plate (14), the area formed by the flow distribution outer boundary 2 and the flow distribution inner boundary 1 on the valve plate (14) is communicated with the flow distribution holes of the second plunger assembly (2-Z), the third plunger assembly (3-Z) and the fourth plunger assembly (4-Z) of the flow passage shell (9), the high-pressure high-water-based liquid enters the flow distribution holes of the second plunger assembly (2-Z), the third plunger assembly (3-Z) and the fourth plunger assembly (4-Z) of the flow passage shell (9) and then enters the second plunger assembly (2-Z), the third plunger assembly (3-Z) and the fourth plunger assembly (4-Z), the plungers in the second plunger assembly (2-Z), the third plunger assembly (3-Z) and the fourth plunger assembly (4-Z) are respectively subjected to hydraulic pressure and act on the crankshaft (4) through the seven-star wheel (2) and the roller bearing (3) to generate torque, which drives the crankshaft (4) to rotate clockwise; At this time, the flow distribution holes of the first plunger assembly (1-Z) are shielded by the outer annular area on the valve plate (14), the first plunger assembly (1-Z) neither admits liquid nor returns liquid, and the plunger of the first plunger assembly (1-Z) is retracted to the lowest point along the radial direction into the plunger sleeve. The area formed by the outer flow distribution boundary 1 on the flow distribution disc (14) and the inner hole on the gasket ring (11) is connected with B port, and the area formed by the outer flow distribution boundary 1 and the inner hole on the gasket ring (11) is connected with the flow distribution hole of the fifth plunger assembly (5-Z), the flow distribution hole of the sixth plunger assembly (6-Z) and the flow distribution hole of the seventh plunger assembly (7-Z) on the flow channel shell (9), and the fifth plunger assembly (5-Z), the sixth plunger assembly (6-Z) and the seventh plunger assembly (7-Z) are in the liquid return state, and return liquid to B port through the flow distribution hole of the fifth plunger assembly (5-Z), the flow distribution hole of the sixth plunger assembly (6-Z) and the flow distribution hole of the seventh plunger assembly (7-Z) respectively; A port enters liquid, and after the crankshaft 4 rotates 180° clockwise: when the plunger of the first plunger assembly (1-Z) moves upward along the radial direction under the push of the crankshaft (4) and the seven-star wheel (2), the flow distribution hole of the first plunger assembly (1-Z) is completely shielded by the outer annular area on the flow distribution disc (14), at this time, the first plunger assembly (1-Z) neither enters liquid nor returns liquid; The flow distribution hole of the seventh plunger assembly (7-Z), the flow distribution hole of the sixth plunger assembly (6-Z) and the flow distribution hole of the fifth plunger assembly (5-Z) are connected with the area formed by the outer flow distribution boundary 2 and the inner flow distribution boundary 1 on the flow distribution disc (14), and the high-pressure high-water-based liquid entering A port enters the seventh plunger assembly (7-Z), the sixth plunger assembly (6-Z) and the fifth plunger assembly (5-Z), and the plunger of the seventh plunger assembly (7-Z), the sixth plunger assembly (6-Z) and the fifth plunger assembly (5-Z) is pushed by hydraulic pressure to continue to rotate the crankshaft (4) clockwise; The flow distribution hole of the second plunger assembly (2-Z), the flow distribution hole of the third plunger assembly (3-Z) and the flow distribution hole of the fourth plunger assembly (4-Z) are connected with the area formed by the outer flow distribution boundary (1) on the flow distribution disc (14) and the inner hole on the gasket ring (11), and further connected with B port, at this time, the second plunger assembly (2-Z), the third plunger assembly (3-Z) and the fourth plunger assembly (4-Z) are connected and in the liquid return state; The continuous liquid entering A port makes the crankshaft (4) drive the flow distribution disc (14) to make eccentric swing, realizing the gradual liquid supply and return of each plunger assembly in order, and following the law of gradually increasing or gradually decreasing, so that the high-water-based hydraulic motor continuously rotates.

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