A heterogeneous power distribution terminal panoramic operation and maintenance image management system and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of operation and maintenance technology for power distribution terminals, and in particular to a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system and method for heterogeneous power distribution terminals. The system includes: an interface adaptation layer, a protocol parsing layer, a model mapping layer, and a panoramic display layer. The interface adaptation layer includes a multi-mode communication interface module, a feature library construction module, and a matching module. The communication interface module is used to set up various communication interfaces to achieve electrical connection with the power distribution terminal. The feature library construction module is used to construct a feature library based on different models of power distribution terminals and the default communication parameter combinations for each model. The matching module is used to perform fuzzy matching between the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module and the feature library, automatically completing the configuration and establishing a communication link. This invention fundamentally solves the problem of "miscellaneous tools and semantic confusion" caused by differences in manufacturers, models, and protocols, freeing operation and maintenance personnel from complex software learning and switching, and greatly improving work efficiency and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of operation and maintenance technology for power distribution terminals, and in particular to a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system and method for heterogeneous power distribution terminals. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the increasing number of power distribution network lines, the number of medium-voltage power distribution terminals installed has also increased explosively, resulting in a huge workload for the operation analysis and management of power distribution automation terminals. However, as of now, power distribution automation terminals still face the following difficulties in on-site operation and maintenance and operation analysis: (1) The interfaces on the power distribution terminal equipment side are not uniform, and the configurations of related communication parameters such as serial ports and network ports are different, making it impossible to quickly access them; (2) There are too many original tools from power distribution terminal manufacturers, and most of them are based on Windows development on PCs, with inconsistent forms, functions and operation and maintenance specifications; (3) There are significant differences in the software functions, design styles and semantic descriptions of different manufacturers, resulting in poor consistency, high work complexity and risk of errors.

[0003] Therefore, existing power distribution terminals such as FTUs and DTUs in power distribution networks involve multiple manufacturers, presenting three major technical challenges: First, the terminal communication interfaces are heterogeneous (RS232 / RS485 / Ethernet), resulting in complex communication parameter configurations and poor compatibility; second, each manufacturer's power distribution terminals use proprietary communication protocols, leading to incompatible maintenance tools and increased maintenance costs; and third, data semantic descriptions are inconsistent, with significant differences in naming rules for similar parameters, making unified data interpretation and analysis impossible. Existing technologies only address protocol conversion or framework adaptation issues. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN113887754A discloses a method for constructing a unified maintenance platform for power distribution terminals, but it does not achieve adaptive access of communication interfaces for heterogeneous power distribution terminals, unified data semantics, or a comprehensive description of the overall operational status of power distribution terminals, resulting in low maintenance efficiency, high error rates, and long training cycles for new employees. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system for heterogeneous power distribution terminals. This invention also provides a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management method for heterogeneous power distribution terminals.

[0005] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, on the one hand, a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system for heterogeneous power distribution terminals is provided, the system including: an interface adaptation layer, a protocol parsing layer, a model mapping layer and a panoramic display layer;

[0006] The interface adaptation layer includes a multi-mode communication interface module, a feature library construction module, and a matching module. The communication interface module is used to set up multiple communication interfaces to realize electrical connection with the power distribution terminal. The feature library construction module is used to construct a feature library based on different models of the power distribution terminal and the default communication parameter combination of each model. The matching module is used to perform fuzzy matching between the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module and the feature library, automatically complete the configuration, and establish a communication link.

[0007] The protocol parsing layer is used to accurately parse standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extensions through layered plug-in design and differentiated adaptation parsing, thereby achieving adaptation with the proprietary protocols of the power distribution terminal and obtaining the original data of the power distribution terminal.

[0008] The model mapping layer is used to parse out the device attribute set, functional attribute set, and data attribute set of the original data, and output standardized data objects according to the information of the data in the device attribute set, functional attribute set, or data attribute set, thereby realizing the unified interpretation of data from different manufacturers.

[0009] The panoramic display layer is used to integrate standardized data objects and generate a panoramic operation and maintenance profile after display.

[0010] Furthermore, including:

[0011] The matching module includes:

[0012] Matching unit: After the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module is connected, it extracts the feature fields in the power distribution terminal response information by sending a power-on query message, and performs fuzzy matching with the feature library. If the matching degree exceeds the first set threshold, it is determined to be the target model.

[0013] Polling Unit: If the target model cannot be determined, a polling mechanism is used to traverse all its communication parameter combinations. For each combination, 3 test messages are sent, and the communication parameters with a response success rate of not less than the second set threshold are determined as the best communication parameters.

[0014] Furthermore, the protocol parsing layer includes:

[0015] The basic parsing module is used to build a parsing rule base containing standard frame structures of the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 protocols;

[0016] The extended parsing module is used to build a private extended parsing rule base for manufacturers based on the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 specifications;

[0017] The protocol acquisition module is used to parse and acquire the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 communication protocols corresponding to the accessed power distribution terminals, and to set the priority order for protocol parsing and acquisition of data in the protocols.

[0018] Furthermore, the protocol acquisition module includes:

[0019] 101 Protocol Communication Mode Determination Unit: The master station actively initiates a request, and the power distribution terminal passively responds to the initiated request, realizing a multi-terminal time-division multiplexing bus based on the power distribution terminal address domain;

[0020] 101 Protocol Parameter Processing Unit: When a key parameter changes significantly, the distribution terminal actively reports and pushes the data to the master station in real time without the need for polling by the master station. Otherwise, under normal circumstances without any emergencies, the master station actively summons key parameters through periodic polling to supplement the detailed parameters that were missed in the emergency report. For non-key parameters, the master station only sends data commands when needed, and the distribution terminal transmits the data after responding.

[0021] 104 Protocol Acquisition Unit: Utilizing the full-duplex nature of TCP / IP, the master station requests the power distribution terminal to upload all types of data by sending a specific type of ASDU. When the power distribution terminal responds, it sets a transmission reason field and uploads data to the master station in frames. When the power distribution terminal detects an event, it actively sends an ASDU with a timestamp, or the power distribution terminal uploads non-critical parameters to the master station according to a set period.

[0022] Furthermore, the protocol parsing layer also includes:

[0023] The protocol compatibility module is used to set up a mechanism to differentiate the frame structures of different versions of communication protocols.

[0024] The DLT634.5 101 protocol is used to adopt a fault-tolerant processing mechanism so that it can recover through a retransmission mechanism in the face of abnormal situations. The DLT634.5 104 protocol is protected by the TCP retransmission mechanism, and the number of abnormalities is recorded.

[0025] It also utilizes a parsing rule base based on the standard frame structure and a parsing rule base based on proprietary extensions to accurately parse standard specifications and vendor proprietary extensions.

[0026] Furthermore, including:

[0027] The model mapping layer includes:

[0028] The device module is used to define the basic attribute set of the connected power distribution terminal, forming the device attribute set of the power distribution terminal;

[0029] The functional module is used to divide the functional units of the power distribution terminal into a communication unit, a telemetry and teleindication data unit, an alarm event unit, a setpoint parameter unit, a control unit, a historical file unit, a backup and restore unit, and an operation record unit. Each unit is associated with a corresponding device module attribute. At the same time, the triggering conditions and output interfaces of the alarm event unit are defined to form a functional attribute set.

[0030] The data module is used to define a set of attributes for standardized data objects based on the standard data object specification, forming a standard set of data attributes;

[0031] The conversion module is used to, based on the constructed semantic mapping table and the conversion rules set in the table, after receiving data corresponding to the device attribute set, function attribute set or data attribute set, match the semantic mapping table according to the information to which the data belongs, and complete the data type conversion, numerical scaling and outlier filtering according to the conversion rules in the semantic mapping table, and output standardized data objects.

[0032] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management method for heterogeneous power distribution terminals. This method is derived from the aforementioned panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system for heterogeneous power distribution terminals and includes:

[0033] The communication interface module is equipped with multiple communication interfaces to realize electrical connection with the power distribution terminal. The feature library construction module constructs a feature library based on different models of the power distribution terminal and the default communication parameters of each model. The matching module performs fuzzy matching between the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module and the feature library, automatically completes the configuration and establishes a communication link.

[0034] The protocol parsing layer achieves accurate parsing of standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extensions through layered plug-in design and differentiated adaptation parsing, thereby adapting to the proprietary protocols of the power distribution terminal and obtaining the original data of the power distribution terminal.

[0035] The model mapping layer parses the device attribute set, functional attribute set, and data attribute set of the original data, and outputs standardized data objects according to the information to which the data belongs in the device attribute set, functional attribute set, or data attribute set, thereby achieving unified interpretation of data from different manufacturers;

[0036] The panoramic display layer integrates standardized data objects and generates a panoramic operation and maintenance profile after display.

[0037] Advantages of this invention: (1) Pioneering panoramic operation and maintenance profile management equipment for power grid side distribution terminals: This invention successfully developed the first dedicated operation and maintenance equipment that is independently controllable by power grid operation and maintenance personnel. As an integrated platform with deep integration of software and hardware, this equipment integrates multi-protocol communication interfaces, industrial-grade protective shell and long-lasting battery. By solidifying the network port adaptive connection and serial port adaptive connection logic, it becomes a built-in function of the equipment, realizing automatic matching and searching of IP, port number and serial port baud rate, data bits, stop bits and parity method and other communication parameters after the terminal is connected to the network port or serial port, and automatically identifying and loading profiles.

[0038] (2) Pioneering Unified Operation and Maintenance Profile Presentation for Massive Heterogeneous Power Distribution Terminals: The core technological breakthrough of this invention lies in the construction of a unified information mapping system that can shield underlying differences. It establishes a standard semantic model based on power grid operation and maintenance services (such as setting management and signal monitoring), and accurately standardizes the private point tables and parameters of various terminals. The built-in model files and protocol parsing can automatically identify terminal models and convert heterogeneous data from different manufacturers into a consistent panoramic operation and maintenance view in real time, intuitively presenting key information such as equipment status, parameters, and fault recordings. This method fundamentally solves the problem of "disorganized tools and semantic confusion" caused by differences in manufacturers, models, and protocols, freeing operation and maintenance personnel from complex software learning and switching, and greatly improving work efficiency and accuracy.

[0039] (3) Pioneering Portable, Lightweight, Plug-and-Play O&M Solution: This invention pioneers a new paradigm of extremely simple and efficient on-site O&M. The solution encapsulates the complex configuration process in the background, realizing a plug-and-play experience of "just connect the cable to start working," eliminating the need for O&M personnel to pre-install software or manually set parameters. Its lightweight touch interface, optimized for outdoor scenarios, simplifies professional operations into clear guided steps, significantly reducing training costs and operational risks. More importantly, this solution naturally constitutes the entry point for digital operations. All O&M operations can be automatically recorded and form a structured electronic ledger, providing a solid foundation for achieving precise control, safety traceability, and knowledge accumulation in the O&M process, and powerfully promoting the digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of the O&M model. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heterogeneous power distribution terminal panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the panoramic operation and maintenance profile management method for heterogeneous power distribution terminals as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main interface architecture of the panoramic operation and maintenance profile management device described in this embodiment of the invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application functions of the panoramic operation and maintenance profile management device described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] This embodiment provides a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system for heterogeneous power distribution terminals, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an interface adaptation layer, a protocol parsing layer, a model mapping layer, and a panoramic display layer; that is, this embodiment achieves unified operation and maintenance management of heterogeneous power distribution terminals through a four-step closed loop of "adaptive access of communication interface - communication protocol parsing - unified semantic interpretation - panoramic image display".

[0046] The system architecture of the operation and maintenance management equipment adopts a four-layer architecture design, and the functions and interaction mechanisms of each layer are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0047] The first layer of the operation and maintenance management equipment is the communication interface adaptation layer, which includes a multi-mode communication interface management, communication parameter adaptive configuration, and link quality monitoring module. It is responsible for the physical connection adaptive matching and communication link maintenance of the power distribution terminal equipment, and is used to establish a physical link for data transmission to the next layer.

[0048] The second layer of the operation and maintenance management equipment is the communication protocol parsing layer, which includes a protocol parsing engine and a data verification module. By receiving the original messages from the communication interface adaptation layer, it completes the parsing of the differentiated protocol content and outputs the original data content.

[0049] The third layer of the operation and maintenance management equipment is a unified semantic model mapping layer, which includes a terminal information model library, a semantic mapping rule library, and a device feature fingerprint library. It is responsible for the maintenance and updating of the core database and normalizes the raw data output from the second layer into a unified semantic interpretation.

[0050] The fourth layer of the operation and maintenance management equipment is the panoramic operation and maintenance profile display layer, which includes the integration of unified semantic data, the generation of panoramic operation and maintenance profile data, operation and maintenance business logic processing, and persistent data storage. Ultimately, it realizes the generation of panoramic operation and maintenance data of heterogeneous power distribution terminals, operation and maintenance business processing (set value verification, fault handling), and storage and backup of operation and maintenance business data.

[0051] Through the above four steps, the operation and maintenance management equipment ultimately forms a management implementation method and equipment that enables convenient adaptive access to heterogeneous power distribution terminals, unified profile description, and unified operation and maintenance.

[0052] First, the panoramic operation and maintenance profile management equipment can be used to solve the problem of "rapid access of multi-interface heterogeneous power distribution terminals". The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0053] The interface adaptation layer includes a multi-mode communication interface module, a feature library construction module, and a matching module. The communication interface module is used to set up multiple communication interfaces to realize electrical connection with the power distribution terminal. The feature library construction module is used to construct a feature library based on different models of the power distribution terminal and the default communication parameter combination of each model. The matching module is used to perform fuzzy matching between the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module and the feature library, automatically complete the configuration, and establish a communication link.

[0054] In this embodiment, the matching module includes: a matching unit: after the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module is connected, it extracts the feature fields in the response information of the power distribution terminal by sending a power-on query message, and performs fuzzy matching with the feature library. If the matching degree exceeds a first set threshold, it is determined to be the target model; a polling unit: if the target model cannot be determined, it uses a polling mechanism to traverse all its communication parameter combinations, sends 3 test messages for each combination, and determines the communication parameters with a response success rate of not less than a second set threshold as the optimal communication parameters.

[0055] In other words, this embodiment discloses the following solution to address the problem of "rapid access to multi-interface heterogeneous power distribution terminals":

[0056] (1) Multi-mode communication interface design: The operation and maintenance management equipment integrates a multi-mode communication interface module to realize the communication port matching and adaptive access steps of the power distribution terminal equipment. For example, at the hardware level, it integrates four communication interface modules: USB, RS232, Ethernet and Bluetooth. By switching the communication interface, it can support the simultaneous connection of power distribution terminal equipment with different interface types.

[0057] (2) Construction of the feature fingerprint database of power distribution terminal: The operation and maintenance management equipment will build a feature database of power distribution terminal locally. Each record in the feature database corresponds to a power distribution terminal model, which mainly includes two core features: electrical characteristics of communication interface, such as the baud rate range of RS232, parity check method, network port IP, port number, and default communication parameter combination, such as common baud rate, data bit, stop bit combination and commonly used IP of manufacturers. The feature database can enable users to quickly match communication parameter information.

[0058] (3) Communication port adaptive access adaptation process: The multi-mode communication interface module of the operation and maintenance management equipment is connected to the terminal in sequence according to the interface type of the power distribution terminal. By sending a power-on query message, the feature fields in the terminal response information are extracted and fuzzy matched with the power distribution terminal feature library. If the matching degree is ≥90%, it is determined to be the target model.

[0059] If the model cannot be determined, a polling mechanism is used to traverse all combinations of its communication parameters. For each combination, three test messages are sent. The communication parameters with a response success rate of ≥95% are determined as the best communication parameters, and the configuration is automatically completed and a communication link is established.

[0060] The operation and maintenance management equipment solves the problem of the difficulty of rapid adaptive communication interface of power distribution terminal through "multi-mode interface + feature fingerprint database + fuzzy matching + parameter polling".

[0061] Secondly, the protocol parsing layer is used to accurately parse standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extensions through layered plug-in design and differentiated adaptation parsing, thereby achieving adaptation with the proprietary protocols of the power distribution terminal and obtaining the original data of the power distribution terminal.

[0062] The model mapping layer is used to parse out the device attribute set, functional attribute set, and data attribute set of the original data, and output standardized data objects according to the information of the data in the device attribute set, functional attribute set, or data attribute set, thereby realizing the unified interpretation of data from different manufacturers.

[0063] The panoramic display layer is used to integrate standardized data objects and generate a panoramic operation and maintenance profile after display.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the protocol parsing layer includes:

[0065] The basic parsing module is used to build a parsing rule base containing standard frame structures of the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 protocols;

[0066] The extended parsing module is used to build a private extended parsing rule base for manufacturers based on the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 specifications;

[0067] The protocol acquisition module is used to parse and acquire the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 communication protocols corresponding to the accessed power distribution terminals, and to set the priority order for protocol parsing and acquisition of data in the protocols.

[0068] The protocol acquisition module includes:

[0069] 101 Protocol Communication Mode Determination Unit: The master station actively initiates a request, and the power distribution terminal passively responds to the initiated request, realizing a multi-terminal time-division multiplexing bus based on the power distribution terminal address domain;

[0070] 101 Protocol Parameter Processing Unit: When a key parameter changes significantly, the distribution terminal actively reports and pushes the data to the master station in real time without the need for polling by the master station. Otherwise, under normal circumstances without any emergencies, the master station actively summons key parameters through periodic polling to supplement the detailed parameters that were missed in the emergency report. For non-key parameters, the master station only sends data commands when needed, and the distribution terminal transmits the data after responding.

[0071] 104 Protocol Acquisition Unit: Utilizing the full-duplex nature of TCP / IP, the master station requests the power distribution terminal to upload all types of data by sending a specific type of ASDU. When the power distribution terminal responds, it sets a transmission reason field and uploads data to the master station in frames. When the power distribution terminal detects an event, it actively sends an ASDU with a timestamp, or the power distribution terminal uploads non-critical parameters to the master station according to a set period.

[0072] In this embodiment, the protocol parsing layer further includes:

[0073] The protocol compatibility module is used to set up a mechanism to differentiate the frame structures of different versions of communication protocols.

[0074] The DLT634.5 101 protocol is used to adopt a fault-tolerant processing mechanism so that it can recover through a retransmission mechanism in the face of abnormal situations. The DLT634.5 104 protocol is protected by the TCP retransmission mechanism, and the number of abnormalities is recorded.

[0075] It also utilizes a parsing rule base based on the standard frame structure and a parsing rule base based on proprietary extensions to accurately parse standard specifications and vendor proprietary extensions.

[0076] In summary, building upon the previous step of rapid adaptive access to the heterogeneous power distribution terminal communication interface, the operation and maintenance management equipment further addresses the core issue of unified parsing between the heterogeneous power distribution terminal's proprietary protocol and the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 standard protocols in this step. Regarding the 101 protocol, which is applicable to both serial communication and the 104 protocol, and considering its TCP / IP-based network communication characteristics, the operation and maintenance management equipment designs a differentiated parsing strategy that is compatible with both standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extended fields. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0077] (1) Layered design of specification parsing plugin library

[0078] The operation and maintenance management equipment is designed with a protocol parsing plugin library. The plugin library adopts a "basic layer + extension layer" architecture, and the parsing logic is designed for the commonalities and differences between the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 communication protocols of the heterogeneous power distribution terminal itself.

[0079] The basic layer plugin library of the operation and maintenance management equipment contains parsing rules for the standard frame structure of the 101 / 104 protocol, applicable to all power distribution terminals that conform to the standard. Its core content includes:

[0080] The DLT634.5 101 protocol's basic rules and specific features include a frame start character (e.g., 0x68), a length field (e.g., 1 byte), a control field (e.g., 2 bytes to distinguish master / slave messages, send / acknowledge frames), an address (e.g., 1-2 bytes), terminal address encoding, a data field (e.g., variable length), and a checksum (e.g., 1 byte of parsing logic).

[0081] The DLT634.5104 protocol's basic rules and specific features include application protocol control information, such as APCI, which is 6 bytes long and includes a start character 0x68, a length field, a control word, and application service data units, such as ASDU, which includes a type identifier, variable structure qualifiers, transmission reason, application service data unit common address, message body address, and message body parsing logic.

[0082] The extension layer plugins of the operation and maintenance management equipment are mainly for manufacturers' proprietary extensions based on 101 / 104, such as custom information body types and proprietary data field formats. Each plugin is bound to a specific power distribution terminal model, specifically including the following:

[0083] DLT634.5 101 protocol proprietary extensions, such as field offsets for manufacturer-defined data fields, such as adding a proprietary "device temperature" field to the standard telemetry frame with an offset of 2 bytes, and proprietary function codes, such as 0xF0 representing the parsing rules for "manufacturer-specific self-test commands".

[0084] DLT634.5 104 includes proprietary extensions such as custom type identifiers, like type identifier 0xE0 indicating "manufacturer proprietary alarm"; and information body structure extensions, such as adding parsing rules for the "alarm level" field after the standard remote signaling information body.

[0085] The management mechanism of the protocol parsing plugin library of the operation and maintenance management equipment is to index it in two dimensions: "protocol type + terminal model", such as "101-manufacturer X-FTU" and "104-manufacturer Y-DTU". When the heterogeneous power distribution terminal is connected to the communication port, it automatically matches the corresponding basic layer + extension layer protocol parsing plugin combination to realize the general parsing of the standard part and the exclusive parsing of the private part.

[0086] (2) Differentiated adaptation of communication protocol parsing strategies

[0087] A targeted data acquisition mechanism was designed based on the communication characteristics of the 101 / 104 communication protocol:

[0088] 101 Communication Protocol Acquisition: The unbalanced transmission communication mode of "master station polling + slave station response" is adopted, and a multi-terminal time-division multiplexing bus is realized based on the power distribution terminal address domain;

[0089] For critical parameters, such as voltage, a "burst reporting + periodic supplementary sampling" strategy is adopted, with a cycle of 1 second. For non-critical parameters, such as historical files, an "on-demand recall" strategy is adopted, which means that the master station sends a read command for collection.

[0090] Emergency Reporting: When key parameters change significantly, the distribution terminal actively triggers the "active reporting" mechanism, pushing data to the master station in real time through the first-level user data of the 101 protocol, such as change telemetry and change telemetry, without the need for polling by the master station.

[0091] Periodic supplementary data collection: Under normal circumstances without any emergencies, the main station proactively retrieves key parameters through periodic polling to supplement details that may have been missed in emergency reports, ensuring data continuity and integrity.

[0092] On-demand dispatch means that the master station sends data commands to secondary users only when needed, such as for fault analysis or report generation, and the power distribution terminal transmits the data after responding.

[0093] 104 Communication Protocol Acquisition: Utilizing the full-duplex nature of TCP / IP, a combined "master station call + terminal active reporting" mode is adopted. Data types, such as periodic updates / burst alarms, are distinguished through the "transmission reason" field of ASDU (Application Service Data Unit, a core data unit in power system automation communication, defined based on international standards such as IEC 60870-5-101 / 104).

[0094] In other words, the master station call mode involves the master station sending a specific type of ASDU to request the terminal to upload all telemetry, telecontrol, and electricity data. When the terminal responds, it sets the transmission reason field and uploads the data in frames.

[0095] Terminal proactive reporting mode:

[0096] When the terminal detects events such as voltage surges or switch changes, it actively sends an ASDU with a time stamp, or the terminal uploads non-critical parameters according to a set period.

[0097] And it distinguishes the corresponding data types based on the different transmission reasons set.

[0098] Set a reporting dead zone for real-time data such as telemetry and remote signaling, such as triggering a report when the current change exceeds 5%, to reduce network transmission volume;

[0099] The protocol parsing and collection of the operation and maintenance management equipment is controlled according to the following priority: both types of protocols are sorted in the order of "alarm information (highest) → real-time status → parameter configuration → historical records (lowest)" to ensure that key data is transmitted first.

[0100] (3) Specification compatibility guarantee mechanism

[0101] The protocol parsing of the operation and maintenance management equipment supports distinguishing the differences in the frame structure of different versions of communication protocol through the protocol parsing plugin, such as the balanced and unbalanced transmission modes in the 101 protocol.

[0102] The protocol parsing plugin library of the operation and maintenance management equipment adopts a fault-tolerant processing mechanism. For anomalies such as frame loss and verification failure, the 101 protocol recovers through a retransmission mechanism, such as the "acknowledgment frame" in the control domain, and the 104 protocol uses the TCP retransmission mechanism for protection. At the same time, the number of anomalies is recorded for subsequent communication quality assessment.

[0103] The protocol parsing plugin for the operation and maintenance management equipment clarifies the protocol differences between 101 and 104 protocols, including frame structure, transmission method, and information body definition. Combined with layered plugin design and differentiated parsing and compatibility processing algorithms, it achieves accurate parsing of standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extensions, providing a structured raw data foundation for semantic mapping after subsequent data collection.

[0104] Then, the model mapping layer in this embodiment includes:

[0105] The device module is used to define the basic attribute set of the connected power distribution terminal, forming the device attribute set of the power distribution terminal;

[0106] The functional module is used to divide the functional units of the power distribution terminal into a communication unit, a telemetry and teleindication data unit, an alarm event unit, a setpoint parameter unit, a control unit, a historical file unit, a backup and restore unit, and an operation record unit. Each unit is associated with a corresponding device module attribute. At the same time, the triggering conditions and output interfaces of the alarm event unit are defined to form a functional attribute set.

[0107] The data module is used to define a set of attributes for standardized data objects based on the standard data object specification, forming a standard set of data attributes;

[0108] The conversion module is used to, based on the constructed semantic mapping table and the conversion rules set in the table, after receiving data corresponding to the device attribute set, function attribute set or data attribute set, match the semantic mapping table according to the information to which the data belongs, and complete the data type conversion, numerical scaling and outlier filtering according to the conversion rules in the semantic mapping table, and output standardized data objects.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, after obtaining the original data through the previous protocol parsing step, the operation and maintenance management device further resolves the issue of inconsistent data semantics. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0110] The operation and maintenance management equipment is constructed using a unified semantic information mapping model, specifically a three-level nested architecture of "device layer - function layer - data layer":

[0111] The device layer of the unified semantic information mapping model mainly defines the basic attribute set of heterogeneous power distribution terminals, including the unique identifier of the power distribution terminal, which consists of manufacturer code + model + factory number, communication interface type, such as RS485 / Ethernet, hardware version, such as V2.1, software version, such as V3.0, installation location information, etc., forming the attribute dictionary of the power distribution terminal.

[0112] The functional layer of the unified semantic information mapping model mainly divides the functional units of the heterogeneous power distribution terminal into communication units, telemetry and teleindication data units, alarm event units, setpoint parameter units, control units, historical file units, backup and restore units, and operation record units. Each unit is associated with corresponding device layer attributes. For example, the inherent parameters in the parameter setpoint unit are bound to the hardware version of the power distribution terminal to ensure functional compatibility. At the same time, the triggering conditions of the alarm event unit are defined, such as the overcurrent threshold triggering logic and output interface of the setpoint unit, such as the alarm signal output format.

[0113] The data layer of the unified semantic information mapping model is mainly based on the standard data object specification, defining a set of attributes for standardized data objects, including the data object's information body address identifier, name, data type (e.g., FLOAT, INT), unit (e.g., A, V), data update time, quality, and value range (e.g., current 0-500A), forming a standard data dictionary.

[0114] After parsing the device attribute set, functional attribute set, and data attribute set of the original data through the above three steps, the unified semantic information mapping model transforms it into a unified semantic mapping table using a three-dimensional structure of "private identifier - standard identifier - conversion rule," as shown in the following example: The unified semantic information mapping model receives the parsed raw data, matches it to a semantic mapping table based on information such as the power distribution terminal model, function category, and data information body address, performs data type conversion, numerical scaling, and outlier filtering according to conversion rules, and finally outputs standardized data objects to achieve unified interpretation of data from different manufacturers.

[0115] Finally, the panoramic display layer is used to integrate standardized data objects and generate a panoramic operation and maintenance profile after display. In a preferred embodiment, after the above three steps, the operation and maintenance management equipment can obtain standardized data objects, and further realize "visualized display of panoramic profile of power distribution terminal status data". The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0116] (1) Multi-source data integration and display, the three core types of integrated data include the following:

[0117] The operation and maintenance management equipment can display the real-time operating status of the power distribution terminal, such as communication status (connection status, link quality), telemetry data such as voltage and current, and remote signaling status data.

[0118] The operation and maintenance management equipment can display the parameter configuration status of the power distribution terminal, such as setpoint parameters (overcurrent protection setpoint, voltage protection setpoint), soft switch status (enabled / disabled), and communication parameter configuration.

[0119] The operation and maintenance management equipment can display the historical operation and maintenance records of the power distribution terminal, such as operation logs (parameter modification records, remote control records), fault records (fault type, occurrence time, and handling results), and maintenance history (inspection time and maintenance content).

[0120] (2) By integrating and displaying multi-source data, the operation and maintenance management device can generate a panoramic operation and maintenance profile, and display the panoramic operation and maintenance status of the terminal through a visual interface, including:

[0121] The basic information panel of the operation and maintenance management equipment includes the model, manufacturer, installation location, and operating time of the power distribution terminal being maintained;

[0122] The real-time status monitoring panel of the operation and maintenance management equipment includes real-time values ​​of key parameters of the power distribution terminal displayed in graphical summary form.

[0123] The abnormal alarm panel of the operation and maintenance management equipment contains abnormal alarm information displayed in order of alarm level (Level 1 > Level 2 > Level 3);

[0124] The historical data analysis panel of the operation and maintenance management equipment includes fault waveform diagrams, operation and maintenance timelines, and historical data change timelines.

[0125] The operation and maintenance management device's operation panel includes functions such as remote setting modification, soft pressure plate control, and one-click fault dispatch.

[0126] The operation and maintenance management equipment integrates and displays multi-source data to form a panoramic operation and maintenance profile of the power distribution terminal, and displays the operating status of the operation and maintenance equipment in real time.

[0127] (1) Implementation Results: This embodiment enables standardized operation and maintenance of power distribution terminals from multiple manufacturers and of multiple types using a single device, completely eliminating reliance on various specialized tools. On-site operation and maintenance efficiency is improved by approximately 60%, and the time for typical operations such as setting value verification is reduced from an average of 30 minutes to less than 10 minutes. Standardized operation shortens the training cycle for new employees by 50% and significantly reduces the error rate. Full-process digital management effectively improves the standardization, safety, and traceability of operations, laying a solid foundation for refined and intelligent operation and maintenance management.

[0128] (2) Application Prospects: With the improvement of the intelligence level of the distribution network and the continuous expansion of the terminal scale, the unified operation and maintenance model constructed by this invention is highly compatible with the requirements of the new power system for transparent and lean operation and maintenance, and has broad application prospects. Its core concepts of "unified information model" and "intelligent adaptation" can be extended to the management of other voltage level equipment such as transformer area intelligent terminals and distributed power controllers, providing an important technical path for building a unified digital operation and maintenance system covering all aspects of main, distribution and consumption.

[0129] (3) Scalability: This invention has high scalability. First, based on industry standard specifications and information models, it has good openness. By updating the adaptation rule base, it can be quickly expanded to support new manufacturers and new models of terminals, making the technical threshold for promotion relatively low. The integrated hardware and software design makes the equipment robust, portable, and intuitive to operate, facilitating rapid deployment in various grassroots work teams. The results effectively solve common pain points in the industry, are easily adopted by provincial power grid companies, and have the potential for large-scale promotion in the national power distribution network operation and maintenance field, with significant economic and social benefits expected.

[0130] To demonstrate the performance of this system, the following specific implementation examples are provided:

[0131] Taking the setting verification operation of a certain feeder terminal "Manufacturer X-FTU-2021" model terminal as an example, the implementation process of this solution is explained in detail:

[0132] Terminal Connection and Identification: The operation and maintenance management device connects to the target FTU terminal via an RS485 interface. The multi-mode communication port sends a power-on query message to poll the three default communication parameter combinations of this model, such as 9600bps / 8N1, 19200bps / 8N1, and 38400bps / 8N1. Three test messages are sent for each combination. The 19200bps / 8N1 combination has a 100% success rate in responding and is determined to be the best communication parameter, thus establishing an encrypted communication link.

[0133] Data Acquisition and Parsing: Load the "Manufacturer X-FTU-2018" dedicated parsing plugin to collect the original messages in the terminal's setting area. The frame structure is: frame header 0xAA + length field + setting data + check bit 0xBB. The plugin parses the frame body according to the rules and extracts the manufacturer's private setting identifier "0x8029" and the corresponding original value "1250".

[0134] Semantic mapping and standardization: Match the semantic mapping table to map "0x8029" to the standard identifier "overcurrent protection setting". Calculate the standard value "12.5A" according to the conversion rule "original value × 0.01". The filtering rule determines that this value is within the range of 0-500A and there are no anomalies.

[0135] Panoramic view display and verification: The standardized overcurrent protection setting "12.5A" is displayed on a unified interface and automatically compared with the operation and maintenance benchmark value "12A"; the deviation is marked as "+0.5A". If the deviation rate is 4.17%, it does not exceed the ±5% threshold; a setting verification report is generated, which includes the original data, standard data, deviation status and verification conclusion.

[0136] Maintenance record traceability: Automatically records the operator, operation time, and verification result of this value verification, and stores them in the historical maintenance record database, supporting subsequent traceability queries.

[0137] On the other hand, such as Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management method for heterogeneous power distribution terminals. This method is based on the aforementioned system and includes:

[0138] The communication interface module is equipped with multiple communication interfaces to realize electrical connection with the power distribution terminal. The feature library construction module constructs a feature library based on the different models of the power distribution terminal and the default communication parameter combination of each model. The matching module performs fuzzy matching between the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module and the feature library, automatically completes the configuration and establishes a communication link.

[0139] The protocol parsing layer achieves accurate parsing of standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extensions through layered plug-in design and differentiated adaptation parsing, thereby adapting to the proprietary protocols of the power distribution terminal and obtaining the original data of the power distribution terminal.

[0140] The model mapping layer parses the device attribute set, functional attribute set, and data attribute set of the original data, and outputs standardized data objects according to the information to which the data belongs in the device attribute set, functional attribute set, or data attribute set, thereby achieving unified interpretation of data from different manufacturers;

[0141] The panoramic display layer integrates standardized data objects and generates a panoramic operation and maintenance profile after display.

[0142] After the matching unit in the matching module connects to the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module, it extracts the feature fields in the power distribution terminal's response information by sending a power-on query message, and performs fuzzy matching with the feature library. If the matching degree exceeds the first set threshold, it is determined to be the target model.

[0143] If the target model cannot be determined, the polling unit uses a polling mechanism to traverse all its communication parameter combinations, sending 3 test messages for each combination, and determining the communication parameters with a response success rate of not less than the second set threshold as the optimal communication parameters.

[0144] The basic parsing module in the protocol parsing layer constructs a parsing rule base containing standard frame structures for the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 protocols;

[0145] The extended parsing module builds a proprietary extended parsing rule base based on the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 specifications;

[0146] The protocol acquisition module parses and acquires the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 communication protocols corresponding to the accessed power distribution terminals, and sets the priority order for protocol parsing and acquisition of data in the protocols.

[0147] In this embodiment, the requesting master station actively initiates a request, and the power distribution terminal passively responds to the initiated request, thereby realizing a multi-terminal time-division multiplexing bus based on the power distribution terminal address domain;

[0148] When key parameters change significantly, the distribution terminal actively reports and pushes data to the master station in real time without the need for polling by the master station. Otherwise, under normal circumstances without emergencies, the master station actively summons key parameters through periodic polling to supplement the details of the parameters that were missed in the emergency report. For non-key parameters, the master station only sends data commands when needed, and the distribution terminal transmits data after responding.

[0149] Utilizing the full-duplex capability of TCP / IP, the master station requests the power distribution terminal to upload all types of data by sending a specific type of ASDU. When the power distribution terminal responds, it sets a transmission reason field and uploads data to the master station in frames. When the power distribution terminal detects an event, it actively sends an ASDU with a timestamp, or the power distribution terminal uploads non-critical parameters to the master station according to a set period.

[0150] The protocol compatibility module in the protocol parsing layer sets up a mechanism to differentiate the frame structures of different versions of communication protocol.

[0151] The DLT634.5 101 protocol is used to adopt a fault-tolerant processing mechanism so that it can recover through a retransmission mechanism in the face of abnormal situations. The DLT634.5 104 protocol is protected by the TCP retransmission mechanism, and the number of abnormalities is recorded.

[0152] It also utilizes a parsing rule base based on the standard frame structure and a parsing rule base based on proprietary extensions to accurately parse standard specifications and vendor proprietary extensions.

[0153] The device module in the model mapping layer defines the basic attribute set of the accessed power distribution terminal, forming the device attribute set of the power distribution terminal;

[0154] The functional module divides the functional units of the power distribution terminal into a communication unit, a telemetry and teleindication data unit, an alarm event unit, a setpoint parameter unit, a control unit, a historical file unit, a backup and restore unit, and an operation record unit. Each unit is associated with the corresponding device module attributes. At the same time, the triggering conditions and output interfaces of the alarm event unit are defined to form a set of functional attributes.

[0155] The data module is based on the standard data object specification, defining a standardized set of attributes for data objects to form a standard set of data attributes;

[0156] Based on the constructed semantic mapping table and the conversion rules set in the table, the conversion module receives data corresponding to the device attribute set, function attribute set, or data attribute set, matches the semantic mapping table according to the information to which the data belongs, and completes data type conversion, numerical scaling, and outlier filtering according to the conversion rules in the semantic mapping table, and outputs standardized data objects.

[0157] Other technical features of the heterogeneous power distribution terminal panoramic operation and maintenance profile management method described in this embodiment are similar to those of the corresponding heterogeneous power distribution terminal panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system, and will not be repeated here.

[0158] The steps of the various methods described above are only for clarity. In practice, they can be combined into one step or some steps can be split into multiple steps. As long as they include the same logical relationship, they are all within the scope of protection of this application. Adding insignificant modifications or introducing insignificant designs to the algorithm or process, but without changing the core design of the algorithm and process, are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0159] Furthermore, some embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device. The electronic device can be various forms of digital computer, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, etc. The electronic device can also be various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices.

[0160] The electronic device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing computer program instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform a remote upgrade method for a power distribution terminal as provided in any one or more of the above embodiments. Figure 4 An exemplary structural diagram of the electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device includes one or more central processing units (CPUs) and interfaces for connecting various components, including a power distribution terminal unit connected to the CPU via a RS-232 serial port, RJ45, or USB. The CPU connects to devices such as a display screen, an infrared sensor, and a camera. That is, the various components are interconnected using different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processor can process instructions executed within the electronic device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on an external input / output device (such as a display device coupled to the interface). In some other embodiments, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple storage devices, if desired. Similarly, multiple electronic devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations. The components, their connections and relationships, and their functions shown in this embodiment are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or claimed herein.

[0161] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the electronic device may further include an input device and an output device. The processing unit, memory, input device, and output device may be connected via a bus or other means.

[0162] The input device can receive input numerical or character information, and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device, such as a touchscreen, keypad, mouse, trackpad, touchpad, joystick, one or more mouse buttons, trackball, joystick, etc. The output device may include a display device, auxiliary lighting devices (e.g., LEDs), and haptic feedback devices (e.g., vibration motors). The display device may include, but is not limited to, liquid crystal displays, light-emitting diode displays, and plasma displays. In some embodiments, the display device may be a touchscreen.

[0163] To provide interaction with the user, the electronic device can be a computer. The computer has: a display device (e.g., a cathode ray tube or LCD monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (e.g., voice input or tactile input).

[0164] In this embodiment, a computer-readable medium stores a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements a remote upgrade method for a power distribution terminal provided in any one or more of the above embodiments. This computer-readable medium may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into that device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more computer-readable instructions.

[0165] Memory can serve as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, and modules. The central processing unit executes various server functions and data processing by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory, thereby implementing the program instructions / modules corresponding to the methods provided in any one or more of the embodiments described above in this application.

[0166] The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the electronic device, etc. Furthermore, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the electronic device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0167] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium described in this application can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. Computer-readable media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory, read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, a computer-readable medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0168] Computer-readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, which can store information by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory, static random access memory, dynamic random access memory, other types of random access memory, read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, flash memory or other memory technologies, read-only optical discs, digital versatile optical discs or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.

[0169] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including local area networks (LANs) or wide area networks (WANs), or it can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0170] In the above embodiments, all or part of the implementation can be achieved through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, it can be implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a general-purpose computer, or any other similar hardware device. In some embodiments, the software program of this application can be executed by a processor to implement the above steps or functions. Similarly, the software program of this application (including related data structures) can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, such as RAM memory, magnetic or optical drives, floppy disks, and similar devices. In addition, some steps or functions of this application can be implemented in hardware, for example, as circuitry that cooperates with a processor to perform the various steps or functions.

[0171] The computer program product provided in this application includes one or more computer programs / instructions. When executed by a processor, these computer programs / instructions generate, in whole or in part, the processes or functions described in this application. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive), etc.

[0172] The flowcharts or block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of devices, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-specific system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0173] The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and is therefore intended to encompass all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Furthermore, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices recited in a device claim may also be implemented by a single unit or device in software or hardware. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and do not indicate any particular order, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0174] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims, and the above embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

Claims

1. A panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system for heterogeneous power distribution terminals, characterized in that, The system includes: an interface adaptation layer, a protocol parsing layer, a model mapping layer, and a panoramic display layer; The interface adaptation layer includes a multi-mode communication interface module, a feature library construction module, and a matching module. The communication interface module is used to set up multiple communication interfaces to realize electrical connection with the power distribution terminal. The feature library construction module is used to construct a feature library based on different models of the power distribution terminal and the default communication parameter combination of each model. The matching module is used to perform fuzzy matching between the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module and the feature library, automatically complete the configuration, and establish a communication link. The protocol parsing layer is used to accurately parse standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extensions through layered plug-in design and differentiated adaptation parsing, thereby achieving adaptation with the proprietary protocols of the power distribution terminal and obtaining the original data of the power distribution terminal. The model mapping layer is used to parse out the device attribute set, functional attribute set, and data attribute set of the original data, and output standardized data objects according to the information of the data in the device attribute set, functional attribute set, or data attribute set, thereby realizing the unified interpretation of data from different manufacturers. The panoramic display layer is used to integrate standardized data objects and generate a panoramic operation and maintenance profile after display. The protocol parsing layer includes: The basic parsing module is used to build a parsing rule base containing standard frame structures of the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 protocols; The extended parsing module is used to build a private extended parsing rule base for manufacturers based on the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 specifications; The protocol acquisition module is used to parse and acquire the DLT634.5 101 and DLT634.5 104 communication protocols corresponding to the accessed power distribution terminal, and to set the priority order for protocol parsing and acquisition of data in the protocols; The protocol acquisition module includes: 101 Protocol Communication Mode Determination Unit: The master station actively initiates a request, and the power distribution terminal passively responds to the initiated request, realizing a multi-terminal time-division multiplexing bus based on the power distribution terminal address domain; 101 Protocol Parameter Processing Unit: When a key parameter changes significantly, the distribution terminal actively reports and pushes the data to the master station in real time without the need for polling by the master station. Otherwise, under normal circumstances without any emergencies, the master station actively summons key parameters through periodic polling to supplement the detailed parameters that were missed in the emergency report. For non-key parameters, the master station only sends data commands when needed, and the distribution terminal transmits the data after responding. 104 Protocol Acquisition Unit: Utilizing the full-duplex feature of TCP / IP, the master station requests the power distribution terminal to upload all types of data by sending a specific type of ASDU. When the power distribution terminal responds, it sets a transmission reason field and uploads data to the master station in frames. When the power distribution terminal detects an event, it actively sends an ASDU with a time stamp, or the power distribution terminal uploads non-critical parameters to the master station according to a set period. The protocol parsing layer also includes: The protocol compatibility module is used to set up a mechanism to differentiate the frame structures of different versions of communication protocols. The DLT634.5 101 protocol is used to adopt a fault-tolerant processing mechanism so that it can recover through a retransmission mechanism in the face of abnormal situations. The DLT634.5 104 protocol is protected by the TCP retransmission mechanism, and the number of abnormalities is recorded. And the accurate parsing of standard specifications and vendor-specific extensions using a parsing rule base based on the standard frame structure and a parsing rule base based on proprietary extensions; The model mapping layer includes: The device module is used to define the basic attribute set of the connected power distribution terminal, forming the device attribute set of the power distribution terminal; The functional module is used to divide the functional units of the power distribution terminal into a communication unit, a telemetry and teleindication data unit, an alarm event unit, a setpoint parameter unit, a control unit, a historical file unit, a backup and restore unit, and an operation record unit. Each unit is associated with a corresponding device module attribute. At the same time, the triggering conditions and output interfaces of the alarm event unit are defined to form a functional attribute set. The data module is used to define a set of attributes for standardized data objects based on the standard data object specification, forming a standard set of data attributes; The conversion module is used to, based on the constructed semantic mapping table and the conversion rules set in the table, after receiving data corresponding to the device attribute set, function attribute set or data attribute set, match the semantic mapping table according to the information to which the data belongs, and complete the data type conversion, numerical scaling and outlier filtering according to the conversion rules in the semantic mapping table, and output standardized data objects.

2. The heterogeneous power distribution terminal panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matching module includes: Matching unit: After the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module is connected, it extracts the feature fields in the power distribution terminal response information by sending a power-on query message, and performs fuzzy matching with the feature library. If the matching degree exceeds the first set threshold, it is determined to be the target model. Polling Unit: If the target model cannot be determined, a polling mechanism is used to traverse all its communication parameter combinations. For each combination, 3 test messages are sent, and the communication parameters with a response success rate of not less than the second set threshold are determined as the best communication parameters.

3. A panoramic operation and maintenance profile management method for heterogeneous power distribution terminals, characterized in that, This method, as described in claim 1 or 2, is a panoramic operation and maintenance profile management system for heterogeneous power distribution terminals, comprising: The communication interface module is equipped with multiple communication interfaces to realize electrical connection with the power distribution terminal. The feature library construction module constructs a feature library based on different models of the power distribution terminal and the default communication parameters of each model. The matching module performs fuzzy matching between the power distribution terminal connected to the communication interface module and the feature library, automatically completes the configuration and establishes a communication link. The protocol parsing layer achieves accurate parsing of standard protocols and manufacturer-specific extensions through layered plug-in design and differentiated adaptation parsing, thereby adapting to the proprietary protocols of the power distribution terminal and obtaining the original data of the power distribution terminal. The model mapping layer parses the device attribute set, functional attribute set, and data attribute set of the original data, and outputs standardized data objects according to the information to which the data belongs in the device attribute set, functional attribute set, or data attribute set, thereby achieving unified interpretation of data from different manufacturers; The panoramic display layer integrates standardized data objects and generates a panoramic operation and maintenance profile after display.

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