Laser cutting device and process based on elevator guide rail production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and discloses a laser cutting device and process based on elevator guide rail production, and the laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production comprises a cutting machine, a transverse moving machine arranged at the upper end of the cutting machine, a focusing machine arranged at the upper end of the transverse moving machine, and a laser head arranged at the upper end of the focusing machine. The smoke-proof unit is arranged on the laser head and comprises a drainage component and a smoke suction component which are arranged on the outer wall of the laser head; according to the laser cutting device, by arranging the drainage component and the smoke suction component, when the laser cutting device works, smoke can be prevented from drifting upwards, the generated smoke can be pushed away downwards through the drainage component, and the situation that the smoke directly rises and is attached to a focus lens of a laser head, and follow-up cutting is affected is avoided; after being pushed away downwards, the smoke makes contact with the elevator guide rail, is dispersed all around and enters a gap between the smoke suction disc and the guide rail, and the smoke suction disc directly sucks and collects the dispersed smoke.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a laser cutting device and process based on elevator guide rail production. Background Technology

[0002] A laser cutting device is a precision instrument that uses a high-energy-density laser beam to thermally process materials. By instantly melting, vaporizing, or peeling away materials with laser energy, it can cut, engrave, or drill holes in any shape. With its advantages of high precision, high speed, and flexibility, it is widely used in metal processing, non-metal processing, electronics, automobiles, aerospace and other fields. The essence of a laser cutting machine is to convert electrical energy (or light energy) into highly concentrated laser energy, which is then focused by an optical system and applied to the surface of the material to complete the cutting using the thermal effect of the laser.

[0003] Existing laser cutting equipment has the following drawbacks in the process of cutting elevator guide rails: Since the main material of elevator guide rails is high carbon steel or alloy steel, these metal materials will undergo melting and vaporization reactions under the action of high-energy lasers. Therefore, a large amount of smoke will be generated during the cutting process. The smoke exhaust system in the existing laser cutting equipment cannot accurately control the flow direction of the smoke. Turbulent smoke flow may cause some particles in the smoke to adhere to the surface of the focusing lens and lens, reducing the light transmittance, resulting in insufficient cutting energy and the appearance of burrs or incomplete cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Given that the existing technology has the problem that the turbulent flow of smoke may cause some particles in the smoke to adhere to the focusing lens, affecting the cutting efficiency and quality, a laser cutting device and process based on elevator guide rail production is proposed.

[0005] This application provides a laser cutting device and process based on elevator guide rail production. The purpose is to prevent smoke from drifting upwards when the laser cutting device is working by setting a flow guiding component and a smoke extraction component. The flow guiding component can push the generated smoke downwards to prevent the smoke from rising directly and adhering to the focusing lens of the laser head, which would affect subsequent cutting. After the smoke is pushed downwards, it contacts the elevator guide rail and disperses to the surroundings, entering the gap between the smoke extraction disc and the guide rail. The smoke extraction disc directly sucks in and collects the dispersed smoke, ensuring that the smoke is collected and processed quickly and in an orderly manner.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production, including a cutting table, a transverse machine set on the upper part of the cutting table, a focusing machine set on the upper part of the transverse machine, a laser head set on the upper part of the focusing machine, and a smoke prevention unit set on the laser head, wherein the smoke prevention unit includes a drainage component and a smoke extraction component set on the outer wall of the laser head; The drainage component includes a fixed sleeve disposed on the outer wall of the laser head, a sliding sleeve slidably disposed inside the fixed sleeve, an oblique angle opened at the lower end of the sliding sleeve, air outlets evenly and equidistantly opened at the oblique angle, a conversion box disposed on the outer wall of the laser head, and an air outlet pipe disposed at the lower end of the conversion box, the lower end of the air outlet pipe being connected to the interior of the fixed sleeve. The interior of the fixed sleeve is connected to the interior of the sliding sleeve. The focal point of the multiple air outlets is 2mm directly below the axis of the sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve can slide freely inside the fixed sleeve to adjust its height. An air pump is provided at the upper end of the focusing machine. The upper end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the air pump. A drive assembly is installed at the lower end of the transverse machine.

[0007] Furthermore, the smoking component includes an upper mounting plate disposed on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve, a connecting plate disposed at the lower end of the upper mounting plate, a smoking disc disposed at the lower end of the connecting plate, a smoking groove formed at the lower end of the smoking disc, and a filter assembly installed on the side wall of the smoking disc.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter assembly includes an air extraction pipe disposed inside the conversion box, a filter box disposed at the lower end of the air extraction pipe, and a guide pipe disposed at the lower end of the filter box, the lower end of which is connected to the interior of the smoking disc.

[0009] Furthermore, an air pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the coking machine, and the upper end of the air extraction pipe is connected to the air pump.

[0010] Furthermore, the smoking disc is located between the sliding sleeve and the elevator guide rail, and there is a gap between the smoking disc and the elevator guide rail. The airflow generated at the lower end of the sliding sleeve is used to drive the generated smoke to impact the surface of the elevator guide rail. After the smoke impacts, it enters the area below the smoking disc and is sucked in.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a reciprocating lead screw rotatably mounted on the lower end of the cutting table, the lower end of the transverse machine being threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw, and a drive motor disposed on the lower end of the cutting table, the drive end of the drive motor being fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw.

[0012] Furthermore, a laser cutting process based on elevator guide rail production includes the following steps: Material preparation: Identify the elevator guide rail model and remove impurities from the guide rail surface; Equipment debugging: Set the parameters of the laser cutter according to the thickness and material of the guide rail; Focus calibration: The focus is calibrated using the paper method, and the height of the sliding sleeve is adjusted according to the calibrated position so that the focus is in the same position as the focus of the laser cutting machine; Preheating start: After preheating the laser cutting machine, start cutting and turn on the vacuum pump and air pump; Smoke absorption: The sliding sleeve carries the generated smoke into the smoke-absorbing disc; Filter cleaning: After cutting, clean the dust collected inside the filter box.

[0013] Furthermore, after the laser cutting machine parameters are set, a magnetic worktable is used to directly fix the elevator guide rail.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: By incorporating a smoke diversion component and a smoke extraction component, the smoke diversion component pushes the generated smoke downwards during laser cutting, preventing it from rising directly and adhering to the focusing lens of the laser head, thus avoiding impact on subsequent cutting. After being pushed downwards, the smoke contacts the elevator guide rail and disperses in all directions, entering the gap between the smoke extraction disc and the guide rail. The smoke extraction disc directly sucks in and collects the dispersed smoke, ensuring that the smoke is collected and processed quickly and in an orderly manner. By significantly shortening the smoke flow time, the possibility of some smoke particles drifting around and adhering to the focusing lens is effectively reduced, thereby effectively improving the service life and maintenance costs of the device, while also preventing the spread of smoke from affecting the health of surrounding workers. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the laser head mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Side view plan view of the structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the smoke prevention unit structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Partial sectional plan view; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow plane of the present invention.

[0016] In the picture: 1. Cutting table; 2. Transverse transfer machine; 3. Focusing machine; 4. Laser head; 101. Fixing sleeve; 102. Sliding sleeve; 103. Air outlet; 104. Conversion box; 105. Air outlet pipe; 201. Mounting plate; 202. Connecting plate; 203. Smoke disc; 301. Suction pipe; 302. Filter box; 303. Guide pipe; 401. Reciprocating screw; 402. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-7 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production, including a cutting table 1, a transverse machine 2 fixedly installed on the upper end of the cutting table 1, a focusing machine 3 fixedly installed on the upper end of the transverse machine 2, a laser head 4 fixedly installed on the upper end of the focusing machine 3, and a smoke prevention unit installed on the laser head 4. The smoke prevention unit includes a drainage component and a smoke extraction component installed on the outer wall of the laser head 4.

[0019] The horizontal movement machine 2 is used to move the laser head 4 horizontally on the cutting table 1 so that the laser head 4 can cut the elevator guide rail in different directions. The focusing machine 3 is used to change the vertical height of the laser head 4 so that the operator can determine the laser focus according to the thickness and material of the elevator guide rail, thereby improving the subsequent cutting efficiency and quality.

[0020] The drainage component includes a fixed sleeve 101 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the laser head 4, a sliding sleeve 102 slidably installed inside the fixed sleeve 101, an angled opening at the lower end of the sliding sleeve 102, air outlets 103 evenly and equidistantly opened on the angled opening, a conversion box 104 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the laser head 4, and an air outlet pipe 105 fixedly installed at the lower end of the conversion box 104, the lower end of the air outlet pipe 105 being connected to the interior of the fixed sleeve 101. The sliding sleeve 102 can slide inside the fixed sleeve 101. After the operator determines the laser focus, the height of the sliding sleeve 102 is adjusted. Since the focus of the multiple air outlets 103 is 2mm directly below the axis of the sliding sleeve 102, when adjusting the height of the sliding sleeve 102, it is only necessary to make the lowest point of the sliding sleeve 102 2mm above the laser focus. This ensures that the focus of the gas emanating from the air outlets 103 is at the same position as the laser focus. Consequently, when the laser cuts the elevator guide rail, the generated gas can act on the cutting point immediately, and the generated smoke can be pushed downwards immediately. This prevents the smoke from drifting upwards and affecting the laser head 4.

[0021] The interior of the fixed sleeve 101 is connected to the interior of the sliding sleeve 102. The sliding sleeve 102 can slide freely inside the fixed sleeve 101 to adjust its height. An air pump is installed at the upper end of the focusing machine 3, and the upper end of the air outlet pipe 105 is connected to the air pump. A drive assembly is installed at the lower end of the transverse machine 2. The drive assembly includes a reciprocating lead screw 401 rotatably installed at the lower end of the cutting table 1, the lower end of the transverse machine 2 being threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw 401, and a drive motor 402 fixedly installed at the lower end of the cutting table 1. The drive end of the drive motor 402 is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw 401.

[0022] Specifically, the function of the flow-guiding component is to push the generated smoke downwards, preventing it from rising and spreading, and from adhering to the focusing lens or laser head 4, which could affect the quality of subsequent laser cutting. When smoke is generated, the continuous airflow generated by the flow-guiding component can push the smoke downwards immediately, preventing the smoke from rising and causing its internal particles to adhere to the laser head 4 (see airflow path reference). Figure 8 Because the multiple air outlets 103 are set at an angle, and the focal point of the air emanating from the multiple air outlets 103 is at the same position as the focal point of the laser emitted by the laser head 4, when the laser cuts the elevator guide rail, the airflow generated by the drainage component can push the smoke vertically downwards immediately, thereby effectively preventing the smoke from drifting upwards and adhering to the surface of the laser head 4, causing subsequent adverse effects.

[0023] Compared to existing smoke extraction systems, which cause turbulence in the smoke flow during smoke extraction, potentially leading to some smoke particles coming into contact with the surface of the laser head 4 and adhering to it, thus affecting the quality of subsequent cutting, the present invention's guiding component can directly act on the cutting point. When smoke is generated, it can push the smoke downwards immediately, preventing the smoke from flowing upwards and coming into contact with the laser head 4.

[0024] During use, when the laser head 4 cuts the elevator guide rail, the high-speed flowing gas generated by the air pump enters the interior of the sliding sleeve 102 through the air outlet 105 and is discharged through the air outlet 103 at the lower end of the sliding sleeve 102. Since the focal position of multiple air outlets 103 is at the same point as the laser focal position, the high-speed flowing gas flows out through the air outlet 103 and directly acts on the laser cutting point. When the laser cuts the elevator guide rail, the smoke generated can be driven vertically downward in the first time.

[0025] Example 2, refer to Figures 6-8This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that: the smoking component includes a mounting plate 201 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fixing sleeve 101, a connecting plate 202 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mounting plate 201, a smoking disc 203 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the connecting plate 202, a smoking groove formed at the lower end of the smoking disc 203, and a filter assembly mounted on the side wall of the smoking disc 203. The filter assembly includes an air extraction pipe 301 fixedly mounted inside the conversion box 104, a filter box 302 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the air extraction pipe 301, and a guide pipe 303 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the filter box 302, the lower end of the guide pipe 303 communicating with the interior of the smoking disc 203. An air pump is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the focusing machine 3, and the upper end of the air extraction pipe 301 is connected to the air pump. The smoking disc 203 is located between the sliding sleeve 102 and the elevator guide rail. There is a gap between the smoking disc 203 and the elevator guide rail. The airflow generated at the lower end of the sliding sleeve 102 is used to drive the generated smoke to hit the surface of the elevator guide rail. After the smoke hits, it enters the area below the smoking disc 203 and is sucked in.

[0026] Specifically, the filter box 302 is equipped with a filter screen (not shown in the figure) inside and an opening and closing door (not shown in the figure) on the outer wall. The filter screen is used to filter particles in the smoke. The staff can regularly remove the internal filter screen through the opening and closing door to clean it, which facilitates the sustainable use of the filter box 302.

[0027] The function of the smoke extraction component is to collect and process the smoke inside the filter box 302 by working in conjunction with the flow extraction component. Its working principle is as follows: when the airflow generated by the flow extraction component carries the smoke downward, the smoke will hit the surface of the elevator guide rail. When it hits, the smoke will spread outward with the cutting point as the center. The smoke that spreads outward will enter between the smoke extraction disc 203 and the surface of the elevator guide rail, and then be absorbed by the smoke extraction disc 203. This ensures that the smoke will not float up and cause adverse effects on the laser head 4 and the focusing lens above.

[0028] By incorporating a flow-guiding component and a smoke-smoke component, when the laser cutting device is in operation, the flow-guiding component pushes the generated smoke downwards, preventing the smoke from rising directly and adhering to the focusing lens of the laser head 4, which would affect subsequent cutting. After being pushed downwards, the smoke contacts the elevator guide rail and disperses in all directions, entering the gap between the smoke-smoke disc 203 and the elevator guide rail. The smoke-smoke disc 203 directly sucks in and collects the dispersed smoke, ensuring that the smoke is collected and processed quickly and in an orderly manner. By greatly shortening the smoke flow time, the possibility of some smoke particles drifting around and adhering to the focusing lens can be effectively reduced, effectively improving the service life and maintenance costs of the device.

[0029] During use, when the airflow carries the smoke vertically downwards, the smoke impacts the elevator guide rail surface and spreads outwards, entering the gap between the smoke-collecting disc 203 and the elevator guide rail. The smoke-collecting disc 203 then draws the smoke into the filter box 302 for collection. The filter plate intercepts and collects particles in the airflow. Staff can regularly clean the filter plate to ensure the long-term use of the filter box 302.

[0030] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0031] Example 3, referring to Figures 1-8 A laser cutting process based on elevator guide rail production includes the following steps: Material preparation: Identify the elevator guide rail model and remove impurities from the guide rail surface.

[0032] Equipment debugging: Set the parameters of the laser cutter according to the thickness and material of the guide rail.

[0033] Focus calibration: The focus is calibrated using the paper method, and the height of the sliding sleeve 102 is adjusted according to the calibrated position so that its focus is in the same position as the focus of the laser cutting machine.

[0034] Preheating start: After preheating the laser cutting machine, start cutting and turn on the vacuum pump and air pump.

[0035] Smoke absorption: When the laser head 4 cuts the elevator guide rail, the high-speed flowing gas generated by the air pump enters the interior of the sliding sleeve 102 through the air outlet pipe 105 and is discharged through the air outlet 103 at the lower end of the sliding sleeve 102. Since the focal position of multiple air outlets 103 is at the same point as the laser focal position, the high-speed flowing gas flows out through the air outlet 103 and directly acts on the laser cutting point. When the laser cuts the elevator guide rail, the smoke generated can be driven vertically downward in the first time. As the airflow carries the smoke vertically downwards, the smoke impacts the elevator guide rail surface and spreads outwards, entering the gap between the smoke extraction disc 203 and the elevator guide rail. The smoke extraction disc 203 then draws the smoke into the filter box 302 for collection. The filter plate intercepts and collects particles in the airflow. Regular cleaning of the filter plate ensures the long-term use of the filter box 302.

[0036] Filter cleaning: After cutting, clean the dust collected inside the filter box 302.

[0037] Specifically, after the laser cutting machine parameters are set, the elevator guide rail is directly fixed using a magnetic worktable.

[0038] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production, used for cutting elevator guide rails, comprising a cutting table (1), a transverse machine (2) disposed on the upper end of the cutting table (1), a focusing machine (3) disposed on the upper end of the transverse machine (2), and a laser head (4) disposed on the upper end of the focusing machine (3), characterized in that, It also includes a smoke-proof unit disposed on the laser head (4), the smoke-proof unit including a drainage component and a smoke-smoking component disposed on the outer wall of the laser head (4); The drainage component includes a fixed sleeve (101) disposed on the outer wall of the laser head (4), a sliding sleeve (102) slidably disposed inside the fixed sleeve (101), an oblique angle opened at the lower end of the sliding sleeve (102), air outlets (103) evenly and equidistantly opened at the oblique angle, a conversion box (104) disposed on the outer wall of the laser head (4), and an air outlet pipe (105) disposed at the lower end of the conversion box (104), the lower end of the air outlet pipe (105) being connected to the interior of the fixed sleeve (101); The interior of the fixed sleeve (101) is connected to the interior of the sliding sleeve (102). The focal point of the multiple air outlets (103) is 2 mm directly below the axis of the sliding sleeve (102). The sliding sleeve (102) can slide freely inside the fixed sleeve (101) to adjust its height. An air pump is provided at the upper end of the focusing machine (3). The upper end of the air outlet pipe (105) is connected to the air pump. A drive assembly is installed at the lower end of the transverse machine (2).

2. The laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoking component includes an upper mounting plate (201) disposed on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve (101), a connecting plate (202) disposed at the lower end of the upper mounting plate (201), a smoking disc (203) disposed at the lower end of the connecting plate (202), and a smoking groove formed at the lower end of the smoking disc (203). A filter assembly is installed on the side wall of the smoking disc (203).

3. The laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter assembly includes an exhaust pipe (301) disposed inside the conversion box (104), a filter box (302) disposed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe (301), and a guide pipe (303) disposed at the lower end of the filter box (302). The lower end of the guide pipe (303) is connected to the interior of the smoking disc (203).

4. The laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production according to claim 3, characterized in that, An air pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the coking machine (3), and the upper end of the air extraction pipe (301) is connected to the air pump.

5. The laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The smoking disc (203) is located between the sliding sleeve (102) and the elevator guide rail. There is a gap between the smoking disc (203) and the elevator guide rail. The airflow generated at the lower end of the sliding sleeve (102) is used to drive the generated smoke to hit the surface of the elevator guide rail. After the smoke hits, it enters the area below the smoking disc (203) and is sucked in.

6. The laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a reciprocating lead screw (401) rotatably mounted on the lower end of the cutting table (1), the lower end of the transverse machine (2) being threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw (401), and a drive motor (402) located on the lower end of the cutting table (1), the drive end of the drive motor (402) being fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw (401).

7. A laser cutting process based on elevator guide rail production, applied to the laser cutting device based on elevator guide rail production as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Material preparation: Identify the elevator guide rail model and remove impurities from the guide rail surface; Equipment debugging: Set the parameters of the laser cutter according to the thickness and material of the guide rail; Focus calibration: The focus is calibrated by the paper method, and the height of the sliding sleeve (102) is adjusted according to the calibrated position so that its focus is in the same position as the focus of the laser cutting machine; Preheating start: After preheating the laser cutting machine, start cutting and turn on the vacuum pump and air pump; Smoke absorption: The sliding sleeve (102) carries the generated smoke into the smoking disc (203); Filter cleaning: After cutting, clean the dust collected inside the filter box (302).

8. The laser cutting process based on elevator guide rail production according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: After the laser cutting machine parameters are set, the elevator guide rail is directly fixed using a magnetic worktable.

Images