Wedge block braking and excessive rope releasing prevention control method for main winch of deep hole core drill

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole drilling equipment control, in particular to a deep hole core drill main winch wedge block braking and excessive rope releasing prevention control method which is based on a main winch assembly comprising a split type rack assembly I, a double-step roller assembly, a speed reduction assembly III and a tail end support, and the speed reduction assembly III comprises a planetary transmission assembly IV and a braking assembly V; full-process accurate control is achieved through system initialization, oil pressure-rotating speed linkage adjustment of lifting / lowering working conditions, excessive rope releasing protection of linkage of a double-step roller assembly and a sensor, stable working condition switching, friction plate abrasion compensation and drill jamming emergency control. By accurately setting the wedge angle and the self-locking condition of the wedge block group, reliable self-locking of the wedge block group in the lifting process of the drill rod is ensured, the risk of automatic lowering of the drill rod is completely eradicated from control logic, multiple working conditions from shallow to ultra-deep holes are adapted, the maintenance cost is reduced, the working efficiency and reliability are improved, and extremely high practical value and popularization prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep hole drilling equipment control technology, specifically to a method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release in a deep hole core drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] Deep core drilling is a key technology in resource exploration and geological surveys. Its complex operating environment and deep drilling depths place extremely high demands on the braking reliability, rope release controllability, and structural adaptability of the drilling rig's main winch system. As the core actuator for raising and lowering the drill rod, the braking performance of the main winch directly determines operational safety, while the anti-over-release function is crucial to preventing serious accidents such as wire rope detachment and drilling rig overturning.

[0003] Existing main winch systems for deep-hole core drilling rigs generally suffer from the following technical pain points: First, insufficient precision in braking and rope release control. Over-release protection relies heavily on mechanical limits, resulting in low triggering accuracy and delayed response, making it difficult to effectively prevent the wire rope from detaching from the drum. The self-locking reliability of the wedge braking mechanism is easily affected by machining errors, posing a safety hazard of the drill rod descending on its own. Second, poor adaptability to working conditions. Existing control methods struggle to achieve smooth switching between lifting and lowering conditions, easily generating impact loads that damage components. There is a lack of precise speed adjustment mechanisms for different hole depths, and no automatic wear compensation function for friction plates is provided. As usage time increases, braking performance gradually declines. When encountering stuck drill bits in complex formations, manual intervention is often used, which is inefficient and easily damages the drill rod, severely affecting operational continuity.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the existing main winch system of deep hole core drilling rig in terms of structural rationality, braking safety and control precision, there is an urgent need to develop a technical solution with efficient wedge braking, precise anti-over-releasing rope control and multi-condition adaptability, so as to improve the safety, reliability and efficiency of deep hole drilling operations and meet the usage needs of different drilling scenarios from shallow holes to ultra-deep holes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for braking the main winch wedge block and controlling over-releasing of rope in a deep-hole core drilling rig, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as non-adjustable coaxiality of existing main winch systems, low braking accuracy, and delayed over-releasing protection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release in a deep-hole core drilling rig is applied to the main winch assembly of the deep-hole core drilling rig. The main winch assembly includes a split frame assembly I, a rope pressing assembly II, a reduction assembly III, an end support, and a rope pressing block. The reduction assembly III includes a planetary transmission assembly IV and a braking assembly V. The braking assembly V includes a wedge block shaft, a wedge block sleeve, a wedge block assembly, a spring assembly, friction plates, a mating steel plate, and a piston. The rope pressing assembly II includes a double-stage roller assembly, a sensor, and a spring, a pull rod, and a pull block for controlling the rope pressing force. The double-stage roller assembly includes roller one and roller two, and includes the following steps: S1 System Initialization: Acquire Initial Brake Fluid Pressure Initial rotational speed of the gear ring The starting point of the wire rope winding position is determined to be inside the wire rope groove of the left flange of the toothed ring. The wire rope is pressed by N rope pressing blocks. Parameters such as sensor trigger threshold and brake oil port working pressure range are set. The lifting working position is located on roller two and close to roller one. At this time, the wire rope is in a state of natural descent and waiting to be lifted.

[0007] S2 drill pipe lifting control: Maintain brake port oil pressure Under the force of the spring assembly, the piston presses the friction plate and the mating steel plate together, causing the wedge assembly to come to a stop. The wedge assembly enters a self-locking state, restricting the lowering of the drill pipe. The power of the prime mover is transmitted to the wedge assembly shaft via a spline, and then to the first-stage sun gear via another spline. After being reduced in speed by the third-stage planetary gear set, it drives the gear ring to rotate, thereby lifting the drill pipe. During the lifting process, the prime mover satisfies the torque matching formula: ; in, To increase the required tension in the drill pipe, The outer diameter of the gear ring. The reduction ratio is IV for the planetary transmission assembly. For transmission efficiency, ; S3 Drill Pipe Lowering Control: Input pressurized oil into the brake port to raise the oil pressure to [value missing]. The piston overcomes the force of the spring assembly and moves away from the friction plate. The friction plate and the mating steel plate are released from the clamping state and can rotate freely, thus unlocking the wedge block assembly. The prime mover outputs power in the opposite direction, which drives the wedge block assembly sleeve and the first-stage sun gear to rotate through the wedge block assembly shaft and the wedge block assembly. After being reduced by the planetary gear assembly, it drives the gear ring to rotate in the opposite direction, realizing the lowering of the drill pipe. During the lowering process, the double-stage roller assembly always presses the wire rope tightly under the action of the spring to prevent the rope from getting tangled. S4 Over-release Safety Protection: When the wire rope is over-released during the release process and enters the working zone of the roller, the double-stage roller assembly moves the top block along with the change in the position of the wire rope, and the top block touches the sensor; the sensor will send a trigger signal to the prime mover control module, the control module will immediately cut off the prime mover power, the gear ring will stop rotating, the wire rope will stop releasing, and the wire rope will stop falling off to prevent the wire rope from falling off or the drilling rig from overturning. S5 Working Condition Switching Control: When switching between lifting and lowering working conditions, the prime mover power is first cut off, and the gear ring speed is reduced to a certain value. Then, adjust the brake fluid pressure to complete the clamping / unclamping switch of the friction pads, with a switching delay time. .

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the self-locking condition of the wedge block group satisfies the formula: ; in, The wedge angle of the wedge block assembly. , Let be the static friction coefficient between the wedge and the wedge assembly. , The average outer diameter of the wedge contact point. The outer diameter of the wedge block assembly shaft and the wedge block assembly itself is used to ensure that the drill rod does not descend on its own during the lifting process.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the oil pressure adjustment of the brake oil port is proportionally controlled, and the relationship between oil pressure and piston stroke satisfies: ; in, For the stroke of the piston away from the friction plate, , The pressure-stroke coefficient, Ensure that the friction plate and the mating steel plate are completely separated. This refers to the initial pressure at the brake fluid port. =0 , The working oil pressure of the brake port during drill pipe lowering. .

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, the trigger stroke of the sensor... The difference in diameter between roller one and roller two is determined by the following formula: ; in, For the diameter of the roller, For the two diameters of the roller, This is to provide redundant processes and ensure trigger reliability.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the gear ring speed during the lifting process is... Based on the dynamic adjustment of drill pipe weight, the formula is: ; in, The rotational speed at the rated drill pipe weight. The rated weight of the drill pipe. For real-time drill pipe weight, the rotation speed adjustment range .

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the wire rope tension during the lowering process... Noise reduction is achieved using a moving average filtering algorithm, with the following filtering formula: ; in, The length of the filter window. For the first Secondary tension data collection ensures accurate tension monitoring.

[0013] As a preferred option, friction plate wear compensation control is also included: based on the number of lifting / lowering cycles. Calculate the wear of the friction plates The formula is: ; in, The wear coefficient is... , The average working pressure of the brake fluid port; when At the same time, increase the brake fluid port clamping pressure compensation value. This ensures the reliable clamping of the friction plates.

[0014] Preferably, in step S4, if the sensor needs to be reset after being triggered, two conditions must be met: first, the reset command must be manually confirmed; second, the wire rope must be lifted in the reverse direction to the second roller section, and the top block must be separated from the sensor. Only then can the prime mover be restarted.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes emergency control for stuck drill: during the lifting process, if the gear ring torque is detected... And duration The drill was determined to be stuck; immediately control the alternating switching of brake oil pressure. ,frequency At the same time, the prime mover outputs pulse torque This enables vibration-based card release.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: by optimizing the structural design and control logic of the main winch assembly, this invention significantly improves the safety and reliability of deep-hole core drilling operations. 1. The main winch wedge braking and anti-over-releasing control method of this deep hole core drilling rig ensures reliable self-locking of the wedge group during drill rod lifting by precisely setting the wedge angle and self-locking condition formula of the wedge group, thus eliminating the risk of drill rod falling down on its own from the control logic. At the same time, with the precise control of the brake oil port pressure, a smooth switching of braking state is achieved, avoiding the interruption of operation caused by insufficient braking force or excessive impact in traditional braking methods, and adapting to the harsh working conditions of long-term and high-load deep hole operation. 2. The main winch wedge braking and over-release control method of this deep hole core drilling rig relies on the diameter difference design of the double-stage roller assembly to trigger the stroke. Combined with the reasonable setting of redundant stroke, the sensor can accurately detect the over-release state of the wire rope and quickly trigger the stop command. The setting of dual reset conditions further avoids secondary risks caused by misoperation, effectively prevents serious accidents such as wire rope detachment and drilling rig overturning, and fills the shortcoming of accuracy in the safety control of rope release in deep hole operations.

[0017] 3. The main winch wedge braking and anti-over-releasing control method of this deep-hole core drilling rig constructs a multi-parameter collaborative control system by controlling the ratio of brake oil port pressure to piston stroke and the dynamic linkage of gear ring speed and drill rod weight / oil pressure. Combined with the moving average filtering algorithm for noise reduction processing of tension signals, it ensures that the system can still output power stably and adjust working conditions accurately under load fluctuation scenarios caused by complex strata, adapting to the drill rod lifting and lowering requirements of different depths and strata.

[0018] 4. The main winch wedge braking and anti-over-releasing control method of this deep hole core drilling rig avoids the risk of braking failure caused by friction plate wear in advance through quantitative calculation of friction plate wear and pressure compensation mechanism; the pulse torque and alternating hydraulic pressure design of the stuck drill emergency mode ensures the unblocking effect while reducing the continuous stress and heat accumulation of equipment components, reducing the wear rate of core components such as friction plates and gears, significantly improving the service life of the main winch assembly, and reducing the maintenance cost and downtime frequency of deep hole operations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are explained in detail together with the embodiments of the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the main winch assembly of the deep-hole core drilling rig in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rope pressing assembly II in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the roller structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary transmission assembly IV of the reduction assembly III in this invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of the V-shaped braking assembly; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the frame assembly I in this invention; The labels of the various structures in the diagram: Ⅰ. Frame assembly; Ⅱ. Rope pressing assembly; Ⅲ. Reduction gear assembly; Ⅳ. Planetary transmission assembly; Ⅴ. Braking assembly; 1. End support; 2. Rope pressing block; 3. Left frame plate; 4. Connecting rod; 5. Frame base; 6. Right frame plate; 7. Sensor mount; 8. Sensor; 9. Top block; 11. Left rotating shaft; 12. Pull block; 13. Pin; 14. Spring; 15. Rope pressing plate; 17. Pull rod; 18. Pull rod seat; 21. Double-stage roller assembly; 21a. Roller; 21d. Bearing 1; 21e. Roller sleeve; 21f. Nylon layer; 21h. Roller 1; 21i, Roller II; 22, Right Rotating Shaft; 23, Fixed Shaft; 23a, Brake Oil Port; 26, Left Flange of Gear Ring; 27, Tapered Bearing; 31, Gear Ring; 32, First Stage Sun Gear; 33, Right Flange of Gear Ring; 34, Bearing II; 35, Wedge Block Shaft; 36, Hole Clip II; 37, Bearing III; 39, Wedge Block Sleeve; 40, Wedge Block Assembly; 41, Bearing IV; 44, Spring Assembly; 49, Piston; 50, Friction Plate; 51, Matching Steel Plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this control method is based on the main winch assembly of a deep-hole core drilling rig. The core structure of this assembly includes a split frame assembly I, a rope pressing assembly II, a reduction gear assembly III, an end support 1, and a rope pressing block 2. The connections and functions of each component are as follows: like Figures 2-7 As shown, the frame assembly I consists of a left frame plate 3, a right frame plate 6, a frame base 5, and a connecting rod 4. The left frame plate 3 and the right frame plate 6 are fixed to both sides of the frame base 5 by bolts.

[0023] The rope pressing assembly II includes an adjusting assembly and a double-stage roller assembly 21. The adjusting assembly includes two sets of pull rod seats 18 located on the left and right end faces of the frame, a rope pressing plate 15, a sensor seat 7, a pull rod 17, a pull block 12, and a spring 14. The two ends of the rope pressing assembly II are respectively fixed to the two ends of the frame I, and rotate within a certain angle range along the center of the reduction assembly III under the action of the two sets of springs 14. It also includes a left rotating shaft 11 and a right rotating shaft 22. The left rotating shaft 11 and the right rotating shaft 22 are rotatably connected to the rope pressing plate 15, and the pull block 12 is connected to the left rotating shaft 11 and the right rotating shaft 22. The pin 13 is fixed and connected to the spring 14, and the other end of the spring 14 is connected to the pull rod 17. The double-stage roller assembly 21 includes a roller 21a and a roller sleeve 21e. The roller sleeve 21e includes a roller 1 21h part and a roller 21i part with different diameters. The outer surface of the roller sleeve 21e is covered with a nylon layer 21f. The roller 21a is rolledly connected to the roller sleeve 21e through a bearing 1 21d. The spring 14 drives the double-stage roller assembly 21 to press the wire rope. The sensor 8 is fixed to the sensor seat 7, and the top block 9 is linked with the double-stage roller assembly 21 to trigger the over-release protection.

[0024] Reduction Assembly III: Includes planetary transmission assembly IV and braking assembly V. One end is fixed to the right frame plate 6 of frame assembly I via fixed shaft 23, and the other end is fixed to the left frame plate 3 of frame assembly I via bearing II 34 and end support 1. Planetary transmission assembly IV includes fixed shaft 23, gear ring 31, first-stage sun gear 23, gear ring left flange 26, gear ring right flange 33. Gear ring 31 also serves as the drum housing, shortening the radial dimension. Braking assembly The core components of V are wedge assembly 40, wedge assembly shaft 35, wedge assembly sleeve 39, friction plate 50, mating steel plate 51, piston 49 and spring assembly 44. Wedge assembly 40 achieves one-way self-locking. The pressing / separation of friction plate 50 and mating steel plate 51 is driven by piston 49. Brake oil port 23a is located on fixed shaft 23 for inputting pressure oil. Wedge assembly shaft 35 is rotatably engaged with wedge assembly sleeve 39 through bearing three 37, bearing four 41 and hole clamp two 36.

[0025] End support 1 and rope pressing block 2: End support 1 is fixed to frame assembly I via flange and supports the rotating end of deceleration assembly III; rope pressing block 2 fixes the wire rope and prevents it from coming off the left flange 26 of the gear ring.

[0026] The planetary transmission assembly IV is an n-stage planetary gear train, including an N-stage gear transmission starting with the first-stage sun gear 32. Each stage of the gear transmission consists of a sun gear, planet gears, and a planet carrier. The gear ring 31 has an internal gear ring structure, and its inner toothed portion meshes with the outer toothed portion of the planet gears in each stage of the gear transmission, forming an N-stage planetary reduction transmission. The gear ring 31 is coaxially arranged with all the sun gears and planet carriers of the N-stage gear transmission.

[0027] The left flange 26 of the gear ring is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 23 via a tapered bearing 27, and the right flange 33 of the gear ring is rotatably connected to the shaft of the end support 1 via a bearing 34. The gear ring 31 is fixed to the left flange 26 and the right flange 33 of the gear ring respectively by bolts.

[0028] Specific implementation steps of the control method of this invention: S1 System Initialization After starting the control system, complete the following operations: Initial parameter acquisition: The initial oil pressure at brake fluid port 23a is obtained via a pressure sensor. The position of the wire rope hoisting operation is confirmed by the position sensor (located in the section of roller 21i), and the initial rotational speed of the gear ring 31 is collected by the speed sensor. ; Setting core parameters: Based on the diameter difference between roller 1 (21h) and roller 2 (21i), using the formula... , The diameter of the roller is 21h. For roller 21i diameter, To ensure redundant travel, the trigger stroke of sensor 8 is set; the working pressure range of brake fluid port 23a is set. Operating condition switching delay threshold wait.

[0029] S2 Drill Pipe Lifting Control Braking status control: Maintain brake fluid pressure at port 23a Under the force of the spring assembly 44, the piston 49 presses the friction plate 50 and the mating steel plate 51 together, causing the wedge block assembly 39 to come to a stop. The wedge block assembly 40 enters a self-locking state, ensuring that the drill pipe does not drop on its own. The self-locking condition must be met: ; in, The wedge block assembly has a 40° wedge angle. The static friction coefficient between the wedge and the wedge assembly is 39. The average outer diameter of the wedge contact point. The outer diameter of the wedge block assembly shaft 35 that mates with the wedge block assembly 40; Power transmission and speed regulation: The prime mover's power is transmitted via splines to the wedge block shaft 35, then to the first-stage sun gear, and after reduction by the third-stage planetary gear set, it drives the gear ring 31 to rotate, thereby lifting the drill pipe; the torque required to lift the prime mover must meet the following requirements: ; in, To increase the required tension in the drill pipe, The outer diameter of the gear ring is 31. The reduction ratio is IV for the planetary transmission assembly. For transmission efficiency, The rotational speed of the gear ring 31 is dynamically adjusted based on the weight of the drill pipe, using the following formula: ; in, The rotational speed at the rated drill pipe weight. The rated weight of the drill pipe. Real-time drill pipe weight, rotation speed range .

[0030] S3 Drill Pipe Lowering Control Unlocking and power transmission: Pressurized oil is supplied to brake fluid port 23a, causing the oil pressure to rise to... Piston 49 overcomes the force of spring assembly 44 and moves away from friction plate 50. Friction plate 50 is released from clamping with mating steel plate 51 and rotates freely, wedge assembly 40 is unlocked; the oil pressure and piston 49 stroke satisfy: ; in, For piston stroke, The pressure-stroke coefficient ensures complete separation between the friction plate and the mating steel plate; Lowering speed and tension monitoring: The prime mover outputs power in the reverse direction, which drives the wedge block assembly sleeve 39 and the first-stage sun gear to rotate via the wedge block assembly shaft 35 and wedge block assembly 40. After being reduced in speed by the planetary gear set, it drives the gear ring 31 to rotate in the reverse direction, realizing the lowering of the drill pipe. During the lowering process, the double-stage roller assembly 21 presses the wire rope to prevent it from getting tangled under the action of the spring 14. The wire rope tension is reduced by a moving average filtering algorithm. The formula is: ; in, The length of the filter window. For the first Secondary tension acquisition value.

[0031] S4 Over-letting safety protection Triggering condition: When the wire rope is lowered, it is excessively released and enters the working range of roller 21h. The double-stage roller assembly 21 moves the top block 9 as the position of the wire rope changes, and the top block 9 touches the sensor 8. Protection action: Sensor 8 will send a trigger signal to the prime mover control module, which will immediately cut off the prime mover power, stop the gear ring 31 from rotating, and stop the wire rope from being lowered, to prevent the wire rope from detaching from the gear ring 31 or the drilling rig from overturning. Reset conditions: Two requirements must be met: first, the reset command must be manually confirmed; second, the wire rope must be lifted in the reverse direction to the roller 21i section, and the top block 9 must be separated from the sensor 8 before the prime mover can be restarted.

[0032] S5 Operating Condition Switching Control Switching Procedure: When switching between lifting and lowering operating conditions, first disconnect the prime mover power, monitor the speed of gear ring 31 through the speed sensor, and wait for the speed to drop to... Then, adjust the oil pressure at brake oil port 23a to complete the pressing / releasing switching of friction pad 50; Time requirement: Switching delay time To avoid damage to components from impact loads.

[0033] S6 Additional Control Functions Friction plate wear compensation control: based on the number of lifting / lowering cycles Calculate wear and tear: ; in, The wear coefficient is... , The average working pressure of the brake fluid port; when At the same time, increase the brake fluid port clamping pressure compensation value. To ensure the reliability of the friction plate 50 clamping; Emergency control for stuck drill: During the lifting process, if torque is detected on gear ring 31... And duration The drill was determined to be stuck; immediately control the alternating switching of hydraulic pressure at brake port 23a. ,frequency At the same time, the prime mover outputs pulse torque This enables vibration-based card release.

[0034] The following three examples, combined with specific application scenarios, further illustrate the implementation process and effects of the present invention. All examples adopt the operation process described in the above specific embodiments, and only the equipment configuration and test parameters are adjusted according to the parameters and application scenarios.

[0035] Example 1: Shallow core drilling conditions (<1000m) I. Equipment Parameter Settings Core structural parameters: Gear ring 31 outer diameter The wire rope diameter is 14mm, and the planetary transmission assembly has a reduction ratio of IV. Transmission efficiency ; Wedge block assembly with a 40° wedge angle static friction coefficient Average outer diameter of wedge contact point The outer diameter of the wedge block assembly shaft 35 that mates with the wedge block assembly 40 Roller - 21h diameter Roller 21i diameter Redundant trips Control parameters: pressure-stroke coefficient Filter window length Wear coefficient Rated drill pipe weight Rated speed Rated torque .

[0036] II. Implementation of Control Process S1 Initialization: Acquire the initial oil pressure at brake fluid port 23a The wire rope is located in the 21i section of roller 2, and the initial speed of the gear ring 31 is... Sensor 8 trigger stroke ; S2 lifting control: Brake oil pressure at port 23a remains at 0MPa, wedge block assembly 40 self-locking ( Real-time drill pipe weight Increase speed If the speed exceeds the limit, use the upper limit of 30 r / min; increase the tensile force. Prime mover increases torque The prime mover outputs power to drive the gear ring 31 to rotate; S3 release control: Brake oil pressure at port 23a rises to... Piston stroke 49 (Compliant with a range of 1.5–5 mm); tension monitoring error ≤ 2% after moving average filtering; S4 Over-release protection: If the wire rope enters the 21h section of roller one due to operation delay, the top block 9 moves 11.8mm and touches the sensor 8. The prime mover stops immediately and the wire rope stops descending. During reset, manual confirmation and reverse lifting of the wire rope to the 21i section of roller two will separate the top block 9 from the sensor 8 and restart the prime mover. S5 Operating Condition Switching: When shifting from lifting to lowering, the prime mover power is cut off. After 0.22 seconds, the speed of gear ring 31 drops to 0 r / min. The brake oil pressure at port 23a is adjusted to 1.5 MPa. Switching delay. ; Wear compensation: cumulative number of cycles Average working pressure of brake fluid port Wear amount No compensation is required. Implementation effect

[0037] The lifting / lowering action is smooth during shallow hole operations, with no rope tangling or self-lowering; the over-release protection response time is ≤0.1s, ensuring safety and reliability; the friction plate 50 shows slight wear, and the equipment can work continuously for 3000 hours without failure, meeting the requirements for efficient shallow hole drilling.

[0038] Example 2: Medium-deep core drilling conditions (1000m < hole depth ≤ 2000m) I. Equipment Parameter Settings Core structural parameters: Gear ring 31 outer diameter The wire rope diameter is 20mm, and the planetary transmission assembly has a reduction ratio of IV. Transmission efficiency ; Wedge block assembly with a 40° wedge angle static friction coefficient Average outer diameter of wedge contact point The outer diameter of the wedge block assembly shaft 35 that mates with the wedge block assembly 40 Roller - 21h diameter Roller 21i diameter Redundant trips ; Control parameters: Pressure-stroke coefficient Filter window length Wear coefficient Rated drill pipe weight Rated speed Rated torque .

[0039] II. Implementation of Control Process S1 Initialization: Initial oil pressure at brake fluid port 23a The wire rope is located in the 21i section of roller 2, and the initial speed of the gear ring 31 is... Sensor 8 trigger stroke ; S2 lifting control: Wedge block group 40 self-locking ( Real-time drill pipe weight Increase speed Within the range of 5–30 r / min; increase tensile strength Prime mover increases torque ; S3 release control: Brake oil pressure at port 23a rises to... Piston stroke 49 ; S5 Operating Condition Switching: During the lowering and lifting transition, the prime mover power is cut off. After 0.27 seconds, the speed of gear ring 31 drops to 3.5 r / min. The brake oil pressure at port 23a is adjusted to 0 MPa. Switching delay. ; Wear compensation and stuck drill handling: cumulative cycle count , Wear amount During the upgrade process, the following was detected: The emergency control is triggered after 0.9 seconds: the brake fluid pressure at port 23a alternates at a frequency of 0.6Hz. prime mover output Pulse torque, card successfully unlocked after 2.5s. Implementation effect

[0040] The braking system is reliable during medium and deep hole operations, and the wear compensation mechanism ensures stable 50mm clamping force on the friction plates. It is efficient in handling stuck drills and there is no damage to the drill rod. The equipment can work continuously for 8000 hours with only routine inspections required, resulting in low maintenance costs and meeting the needs of long-term uninterrupted operation in medium and deep holes.

[0041] Example 3: Ultra-deep core drilling conditions (hole depth > 2000m) I. Equipment Parameter Settings Core structural parameters: Gear ring 31 outer diameter The wire rope diameter is 32mm, and the planetary transmission assembly has a reduction ratio of IV. Transmission efficiency ; Wedge block assembly with a 40° wedge angle static friction coefficient Average outer diameter of wedge contact point The outer diameter of the wedge block assembly shaft 35 that mates with the wedge block assembly 40 Roller - 21h diameter Roller 21i diameter Redundant trips ; Control parameters: Pressure-stroke coefficient Filter window length Wear coefficient Rated drill pipe weight Rated speed Rated torque .

[0042] II. Implementation of Control Process S1 Initialization: Initial oil pressure at brake fluid port 23a The wire rope is located in the 21i section of roller 2, and the initial speed of the gear ring 31 is... Sensor 8 trigger stroke ; S2 lifting control: Wedge block group 40 self-locking ( Real-time drill pipe weight Increase speed Increase pulling force Prime mover increases torque ; S3 release control: Brake oil pressure at port 23a rises to... Piston stroke 49 If it exceeds the 5mm upper limit, take ,journey ; S4 Over-release protection: Complex geological formations may cause excessive release of the wire rope. If the top block 9 touches the sensor 8, the prime mover will stop within 0.08 seconds to prevent the drilling rig from overturning. Normal operation will resume after resetting. Wear compensation: cumulative number of cycles , Wear amount Automatically increases clamping pressure This ensures that the friction plate 50 and the mating steel plate 51 are reliably pressed together; Stuck drill: When encountering hard rock layers during hoisting, The emergency control is triggered after 1.0s: the brake fluid pressure at port 23a switches at a frequency of 0.8Hz, and the prime mover outputs... Pulse torque, card release after 4 seconds. Implementation effect

[0043] The compact structure offers significant advantages in ultra-deep hole operations, facilitating convenient transportation and relocation. The double-sealed design effectively prevents oil leakage and dust intrusion. The friction plates have a service life more than twice that of conventional products. The equipment can operate continuously for 15,000 hours without braking failure. The over-release rope and stuck drill protection respond quickly, meeting the safe and efficient drilling requirements under harsh ultra-deep hole conditions.

[0044] The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release in the deep hole core drilling rig of the present invention has the following advantages: This invention ensures reliable self-locking of the wedge block assembly during drill pipe lifting by precisely setting the wedge angle and self-locking condition formula, thus eliminating the risk of the drill pipe lowering itself from the control logic. Simultaneously, precise control of the brake oil pressure enables smooth switching of braking states, avoiding operational interruptions caused by insufficient braking force or excessive impact in traditional braking methods. This adapts to the demanding working conditions of long-duration, high-load deep hole operations. Utilizing the diameter difference design of the double-stage roller assembly to trigger the stroke, combined with the reasonable setting of redundant strokes, the sensor can accurately detect the excessive release of the wire rope and quickly trigger a stop command. The setting of dual reset conditions further avoids secondary risks caused by misoperation, effectively preventing serious accidents such as wire rope detachment and drill rig overturning, thus filling the gap in the accuracy of rope release safety control in deep hole operations.

[0045] This invention constructs a multi-parameter collaborative control system by controlling the ratio of brake oil pressure to piston stroke and dynamically linking the gear ring speed with drill pipe weight / oil pressure. Combined with a moving average filtering algorithm for noise reduction of tension signals, it ensures stable power output and precise adjustment of operating conditions even under load fluctuations caused by complex geological formations, adapting to the drill pipe lifting and lowering requirements of different depths and formations. Through quantitative calculation of friction plate wear and a pressure compensation mechanism, the risk of brake failure due to friction plate wear is mitigated in advance. The pulse torque and alternating oil pressure design of the stuck drill emergency mode ensures effective unblocking while reducing continuous stress and heat accumulation on equipment components, lowering the wear rate of core components such as friction plates and gears, significantly extending the service life of the main winch assembly, and reducing maintenance costs and downtime frequency in deep hole operations.

[0046] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for braking and preventing excessive rope release of the main winch of a deep-hole core drilling rig, applied to the main winch assembly of a deep-hole core drilling rig, wherein the main winch assembly includes a split frame assembly I, a rope pressing assembly II, a reduction assembly III, an end support (1), and a rope pressing block (2), wherein the reduction assembly III includes a planetary transmission assembly IV and a braking assembly V, wherein the braking assembly V is provided with a wedge assembly shaft (35), a wedge assembly sleeve (39), a wedge assembly (40), a spring assembly (44), a friction plate (50), a mating steel plate (51), and a piston (49), wherein the rope pressing assembly II is provided with a double-stage roller assembly (21), a sensor (8), and a spring (14), a pull rod (17), and a pull block (12) for controlling the rope pressing force, wherein the double-stage roller assembly (21) includes roller one (21h) and roller two (21i), characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1 System Initialization: Acquire the initial oil pressure at brake fluid port (23a) Initial rotational speed of gear ring (31) The starting point of the wire rope winding position is determined to be in the wire rope groove of the toothed ring left flange (26). The wire rope is pressed by N rope pressing blocks (2). The sensor (8) trigger threshold, the working pressure range of the brake oil port and other parameters are set. The initial lifting working position is located on the roller two (21i) and close to the roller one (21h). At this time, the wire rope is in a state of natural lowering and waiting to be lifted. S2 Drill Pipe Lifting Control: Maintain oil pressure at brake port (23a) The piston (49) presses the friction plate (50) and the mating steel plate (51) together under the force of the spring assembly (44), causing the wedge assembly (39) to stop. The wedge assembly (40) enters a self-locking state, restricting the lowering of the drill pipe. The prime mover's power is transmitted to the wedge assembly shaft (35) via the spline, and then to the first-stage sun gear via the spline. After being reduced by the third-stage planetary gear set, it drives the gear ring (31) to rotate, realizing the lifting of the drill pipe. During the lifting process, the prime mover satisfies the torque matching formula: ； in, To increase the required tension in the drill pipe, The outer diameter of the gear ring (31) is... The reduction ratio is IV for the planetary transmission assembly. For transmission efficiency, ; S3 Drill Pipe Lowering Control: Input pressurized oil into the brake port (23a) to raise the oil pressure to... The piston (49) overcomes the force of the spring assembly (44) and moves away from the friction plate (50). The friction plate (50) and the mating steel plate (51) are released from the clamping state and can rotate freely. The wedge assembly (40) is unlocked. The prime mover outputs power in the opposite direction, which drives the wedge assembly sleeve (39) and the first-stage sun gear (32) to rotate through the wedge assembly shaft (35) and the wedge assembly (40). After the planetary gear set decelerates, it drives the gear ring (31) to rotate in the opposite direction, realizing the lowering of the drill rod. During the lowering process, the double-stage roller assembly (21) always presses the wire rope under the action of the spring (14) to prevent the rope from getting tangled. S4 Over-release safety protection: When the wire rope is over-released during the release process and enters the working area of ​​roller one (21h), the double-stage roller assembly (21) moves the top block (9) with the change of the wire rope position, and the top block (9) touches the sensor (8); the sensor (8) feeds back the trigger signal to the prime mover control module, the control module immediately cuts off the prime mover power, the gear ring (31) stops rotating, the wire rope stops being released, and the wire rope is prevented from falling off or the drilling rig from overturning; S5 Working Condition Switching Control: When switching between lifting and lowering working conditions, first cut off the prime mover power, and wait for the speed of the gear ring (31) to drop to a certain level. Then, adjust the oil pressure at the brake oil port (23a) to complete the pressing / releasing switch of the friction pads (50), with a switching delay time. .

2. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the self-locking condition of the wedge block group (40) satisfies the formula: ； in, The wedge angle of the wedge block assembly (40) is... , The static friction coefficient between the wedge and the wedge assembly (39) is given. , The average outer diameter of the wedge contact point. The outer diameter of the wedge block assembly shaft (35) and the wedge block assembly (40) is used to ensure that the drill rod will not drop down on its own during the lifting process.

3. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the oil pressure regulation of the brake oil port (23a) adopts proportional control, and the relationship between the oil pressure and the piston (49) stroke satisfies: ； in, For the stroke of the piston (49) away from the friction plate, , The pressure-stroke coefficient, Ensure that the friction plate (50) is completely separated from the mating steel plate (51). This refers to the initial pressure at the brake fluid port. =0 , The working oil pressure of the brake port during drill pipe lowering. .

4. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the trigger stroke of the sensor (8) The difference in diameter between roller one (21h) and roller two (21i) is determined by the following formula: ； in, For roller diameter 1 (21h), For the diameter of roller two (21i), This is to provide redundant processes and ensure trigger reliability.

5. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the rotational speed of the gear ring (31) during the lifting process is... Based on the dynamic adjustment of drill pipe weight, the formula is: ； in, The rotational speed at the rated drill pipe weight. The rated weight of the drill pipe. For real-time drill pipe weight, the rotation speed adjustment range .

6. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the tension of the wire rope during the lowering process Noise reduction is achieved using a moving average filtering algorithm, with the following filtering formula: ； in, The length of the filter window. For the first Secondary tension data collection ensures accurate tension monitoring.

7. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes friction plate wear compensation control: based on the number of lifting / lowering cycles. Calculate the wear of the friction plates The formula is: ； in, The wear coefficient is... , The average working pressure of the brake fluid port; when At the same time, increase the brake fluid port clamping pressure compensation value. To ensure the reliable clamping of the friction plate (50).

8. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, after the sensor (8) is triggered, if it needs to be reset, two conditions must be met: first, the reset command must be manually confirmed; second, the wire rope must be lifted in the opposite direction to the roller two (21i) section, and the top block (9) must be separated from the sensor (8). Only then can the prime mover be restarted.

9. The method for braking the main winch wedge block and preventing excessive rope release of a deep-hole core drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes emergency control for stuck drills: during the lifting process, if the torque of the gear ring (31) is detected... And duration The drill was determined to be stuck; immediately control the alternating switching of the hydraulic pressure at the brake port (23a). ,frequency At the same time, the prime mover outputs pulse torque This enables vibration-based card release.

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