Preparation method of super-hydrophobic acrylic emulsion and application of super-hydrophobic acrylic emulsion in coating

Abstract

The invention provides a super-hydrophobic acrylic emulsion with a core-shell structure, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 40 parts of polyacrylic resin, 1 to 3 parts of neutralizer I, 0 to 0.5 part of neutralizer II, 0.4 to 2.4 parts of organic solvent and 56 to 77 parts of deionized water, the polyacrylic resin has a core-shell structure and consists of a shell A and an inner core B, and the mass ratio of the inner core B to the shell A is (2: 1)-(6: 1); the shell A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.8 to 3.0 parts of octadecyl (meth) acrylate, 1.1 to 2.0 parts of (meth) acrylic acid, 0 to 2.0 parts of hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate A, 0 to 2.0 parts of alkyl (meth) acrylate A, 0 to 2.0 parts of vinyl monomer A and 0.1 to 1 part of initiator A; after the super-hydrophobic acrylic emulsion forms a film, the contact angle is larger than 150 degrees, and the rolling angle is smaller than 10 degrees. Compared with an acrylic emulsion in the prior art, the super-hydrophobic acrylic emulsion provided by the invention has a higher contact angle (CA) value and a lower rolling angle (SA) value after forming a film, so that the super-hydrophobic acrylic emulsion can be waterproof, antifouling, anti-icing and self-cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coating resin technology, specifically relating to a superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion. This invention further relates to a method for preparing the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion and its application in coatings. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of society, coatings are playing an increasingly important role in our lives, and their applications are becoming more and more widespread. In recent years, the development of the coatings industry has gradually moved towards functionalization. Not only must they maintain good visual effects, but they also require special functional effects such as anti-fouling, anti-icing, and self-cleaning properties to adapt to different application scenarios in various environments. Currently, these functional coatings mainly achieve anti-fouling, anti-icing, and self-cleaning properties by improving the hydrophobicity of the coating surface. Acrylic emulsions, as one of the most widely used resins in the coatings industry, have significant implications for improving the hydrophobicity of coatings by enhancing their hydrophobicity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion and its application in coatings, so as to solve the problem that the contact angle CA of traditional acrylic emulsions and coatings is less than 90° and the roll-off angle is greater than 60° after film formation.

[0004] The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion with a core-shell structure provided by the present invention comprises, in 100 parts by weight, 20-40 parts of polyacrylic acid resin, 1-3 parts of neutralizing agent I, 0-0.5 parts of neutralizing agent II, 0.4-2.4 parts of organic solvent, and 56-77 parts of deionized water; The polyacrylic resin has a core-shell structure, consisting of an outer shell A and a core B, with the mass ratio of the core B to the outer shell A being 2:1-6:1. The raw material composition of the outer shell A includes: 1.8-3.0 parts of octadecyl methacrylate, 1.1-2.0 parts of methacrylic acid, 0-2.0 parts of hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, 0-2.0 parts of alkyl methacrylate, 0-2.0 parts of vinyl monomer, and 0.1-1 parts of initiator A; After the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion is formed into a film, the contact angle is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°.

[0005] Preferably, the raw material composition of the core B includes: 5.0-13.0 parts of polyfunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl ester, 0-7.0 parts of (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester, 0-13.0 parts of (meth)acrylate alkyl ester, 0-13.0 parts of vinyl monomer, and 0.1-0.4 parts of initiator B.

[0006] Preferably, the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl ester is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,6-adipic acid diacrylate, and 1,6-adipic acid dimethacrylate.

[0007] Preferably, the neutralizing agent I and neutralizing agent II are selected from at least one of triethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, 1-ethylpiperidine, dimethylisopropylamine, dimethylisopropanolamine, diethylethanolamine, 2-amino-2-dimethylpropanol, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.

[0008] Preferably, the organic solvent is selected from at least one of isopropanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, isoparaffin solvent oil Isopar L, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, No. 100 solvent oil, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, sec-butanol, n-butanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, isobutyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, N-methylpyrrolidone, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate.

[0009] Preferably, the alkyl methacrylate A and alkyl methacrylate B are selected from one or more of methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate, isodecanyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, acrylamide, isobutyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, diacetone acrylamide, butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, allyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, hexyl methacrylate, lauryl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, and phenyl methacrylate.

[0010] Preferably, the (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester A and (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester B are selected from one or more of hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, glyceryl monomethacrylate, and dimethacrylate.

[0011] Preferably, the core B comprises three components: (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester B, (meth)acrylate alkyl ester B, and vinyl monomer B, with a theoretical glass transition temperature greater than 50°C.

[0012] Preferably, the vinyl monomer A and vinyl monomer B are styrene.

[0013] Preferably, the initiator A and initiator B are selected from one or more of 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid), azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ethyl α-bromoisobutyrate, copper bromide, stannous octoate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, di-tert-pentyl peroxide, ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, and sodium dithionite.

[0014] The method for preparing the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion provided by the present invention includes the following steps: Step S1: Add the organic solvent and the raw materials for preparing shell A into a high-pressure reactor and carry out the polymerization reaction under the conditions of 0.1-0.5MPa and 80-190℃; Step S2: Cool down to 80-110℃, add neutralizing agent I to the reactor, add deionized water dropwise, and after the addition is complete, stir and disperse at high speed at 600 rpm. Step S3: Cool down to 20-30℃, add part of the raw materials for preparation of shell B and part of neutralizing agent II to the reaction vessel, and stir and disperse after completion; Step S4: Add the remaining raw materials of shell B, the remaining neutralizing agent II, and the remaining deionized water to another reactor. Keep the temperature at 70-90℃. Add the reaction solution prepared in step S3 dropwise to the reactor to carry out emulsion polymerization. Cool down to below 40℃ and filter to obtain the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion.

[0015] The present invention relates to the application of the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion in coatings, wherein the emulsion is used to prepare waterproof coatings, antifouling coatings, anti-icing coatings, or self-cleaning coatings.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Compared with existing acrylic emulsions, the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion proposed in this invention has a higher contact angle (CA) value and a lower roll-off angle (SA) value after film formation, thus enabling it to be waterproof, stain-proof, ice-proof, and self-cleaning.

[0017] 2. This invention achieves superhydrophobicity in both emulsions and coatings by designing an acrylic emulsion with a core-shell structure. Specifically, a multifunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl ester is introduced into the core, and the theoretical glass transition temperature of the other monomer components in the core is greater than 50°C, thus forming a cross-linked core with a high glass transition temperature. This core structure allows the film to maintain its spherical shape during film formation and is not prone to collapse. The resulting nanoscale spherical protrusion structure is similar to the "papillary" structure on the surface of a lotus leaf. An octadecyl (meth)acrylate ester is introduced into the shell, utilizing its octadecyl carbon's hydrophobicity and crystallinity to form a low surface energy surface similar to "biowax" after film formation. Through the design of the above core-shell structure, a coating with a hydrophobic surface morphology is prepared using the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion provided by this invention, achieving superhydrophobic properties and solving the problem of insufficient hydrophobicity in traditional acrylic emulsions.

[0018] 3. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion provided by this invention, after drying into a film, has a higher contact angle and a lower roll-off angle, effectively resisting the wetting of water droplets on the surface, thereby achieving multiple functions such as waterproofing, anti-fouling, anti-icing, and self-cleaning. Specifically, the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion prepared by this invention, after drying into a film, has a contact angle greater than 150 degrees and a roll-off angle less than 10 degrees.

[0019] 4. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion provided by this invention can not only be used directly as a superhydrophobic material, but also applied in coatings to significantly improve the hydrophobic properties of the coatings. Compared with the prior art, the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion prepared by this invention, when applied to coatings, enables the coating to form a film with a contact angle greater than 120 degrees and a roll-off angle less than 50 degrees after drying.

[0020] 5. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion prepared by this invention has a simple and feasible preparation method, which is easy to industrialize. This invention optimizes the synthesis route and process conditions of the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion, making the preparation method of this invention have good reproducibility and stability, and can meet the needs of large-scale industrial production.

[0021] 6. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion provided by this invention has broad application prospects. Due to its excellent hydrophobic properties and good film-forming properties, this emulsion can be widely used in architectural coatings, automotive coatings, textile coatings, and other fields, laying an important foundation for the development of functional coatings with waterproof, antifouling, anti-icing, and self-cleaning functions. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The wettability of liquids on solid surfaces is a crucial property of solid materials. It can be expressed by the state of a water droplet on a solid surface; a larger water contact angle (CA) indicates greater difficulty in wetting the solid. Hydrophobic materials are typically defined as materials with a static water contact angle (CA) greater than 90°, while superhydrophobic materials are defined as materials with a water contact angle (CA) greater than 150° and a roll-off angle (SA) less than 10°. Superhydrophobic materials possess important characteristics such as waterproofing, stain resistance, anti-icing, and self-cleaning properties, and have extremely broad application prospects in scientific research, production, and daily life.

[0024] Scientists have observed and meticulously studied various superhydrophobic phenomena in nature. Researchers such as Ensikat, Barthlott, and Ditsche-Kuru discovered that the surface of lotus leaves possesses a dense structure of micro-protrusions, approximately 5 micrometers in height. Further magnification reveals a layer of nanoscale papillae, approximately 200 nanometers in height, attached to the surface of these micro-protrusions. In addition, lotus leaves secrete a layer of bio-wax on their surface to protect against external aggressors. It is this combination of surface micro-nano composite structure and bio-wax that endows lotus leaves with unique superhydrophobic properties, a phenomenon named the "lotus effect."

[0025] This invention provides a superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion, and further relates to a method for preparing the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion and its application in coatings.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the acrylic emulsion is designed with a core-shell structure. First, the theoretically calculated glass transition temperature of the three components—(meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester, (meth)acrylate alkyl ester, and styrene—is designed to be above 50°C. Simultaneously, multifunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl ester is introduced into the core layer to obtain a cross-linked core with a high glass transition temperature. This core structure allows the film to maintain its spherical shape during film formation and is not prone to collapse. The nanoscale spherical protrusions after film formation resemble the "nipple" structure of a lotus leaf. Second, (meth)acrylate octadecyl ester is introduced into the outer shell A. Utilizing the hydrophobic and crystallizing properties of its octadecyl carbon, the film forms a surface similar to "biowax," thereby achieving the superhydrophobic properties of the coating. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion prepared by this invention has a contact angle CA greater than 150° and a roll-off angle less than 10° after drying and film formation. When applied to coatings, the contact angle CA is greater than 120° and the roll-off angle is less than 50° after drying and film formation, laying an important foundation for the development of waterproof, antifouling, anti-icing, and self-cleaning functional coatings.

[0027] The total mass content of the pH-viscosity stable hydroxypropyl dispersions prepared in Examples 1-7 is based on 100 parts.

[0028] Example 1 This embodiment provides a superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion and its preparation method. The formulation and dosage in this embodiment are shown in Table 1. The specific preparation method is as follows: 1.1) Mixture MIX1: Add half of the octadecyl methacrylate and one-quarter of the initiator A to the reaction vessel, mix well, and set aside; 1.2) Mixture MIX2: Add half of the octadecyl methacrylate, the methacrylic acid, the alkyl methacrylate A, the hydroxyalkyl methacrylate A, the vinyl monomer A, and three-quarters of the initiator A into a reaction vessel, mix thoroughly, and set aside. 1.3) Mixture MIX3: Add the initiator B, the neutralizer II, and one-tenth of the deionized water to the reaction vessel, mix evenly, and set aside; 1.4) Add the organic solvent and mixture MIX1 to a stirring device equipped with a stirrer and thermometer, seal the reaction vessel, and heat to 80-190°C. After the temperature reaches 80-190°C, add mixture MIX2 dropwise to the reaction vessel at a uniform rate over a period of 1-4 hours. After the dropwise addition is completed, control the temperature at 80-190°C and the pressure in the reaction vessel at 0.1-0.5 MPa. Maintain the temperature for 2-4 hours. 1.5) Cool the reaction solution prepared in 1.4) to 80-110℃ and immediately add the neutralizing agent I; 1.6) Add seven-tenths of the deionized water to the reaction solution prepared in step 5) dropwise at a uniform rate over a period of 20-120 minutes. 1.7) Cool the reaction solution prepared in 1.6) to 20-30°C, add the vinyl monomer B of the polyfunctional (meth) alkyl acrylate and the mixture MIX3 of 9 / 10, increase the stirring speed to 600 rpm, and stir for 30-60 minutes. 1.8) Add two-tenths of the deionized water to the reaction vessel, heat to 70-90°C, and when the temperature reaches 70-90°C, add one-tenth of the mixture C to the reaction vessel and stir for 5-10 minutes. 1.9) Add the reaction solution prepared in 1.7) dropwise to the reaction solution prepared in 1.8). The temperature of the reaction solution is controlled at 70-90℃, the dropwise addition time is 1-4 hours, and the temperature is controlled at 70-90℃ after the dropwise addition is completed, and kept at this temperature for 2-4 hours. 1.10) Cool the reaction solution prepared in 1.9) to below 40°C and filter it out.

[0029] Examples 2-9 Superhydrophobic acrylic emulsions were prepared according to the formulations in Table 1, and the specific preparation methods were the same as in Example 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 1 The acrylic emulsion was prepared according to the formulation in Table 1, and the specific preparation method was the same as in Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the theoretically calculated glass transition temperature of the three components (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester B, (meth)acrylate alkyl ester B, and vinyl monomer B contained in the core of Comparative Example 1 is less than 50°C.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 The acrylic emulsion was prepared according to the formulation in Table 1, and the specific preparation method was the same as in Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the core B raw material in Comparative Example 1 does not contain polyfunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl esters.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 The acrylic emulsion was prepared according to the formulation in Table 1, and the specific preparation method was the same as in Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the shell A raw material described in Comparative Example 1 does not contain octadecyl (meth)acrylate.

[0033] Table 1. Dosage of Formulations for Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3 (Unit: grams) Table 2. Dosage of Formulations for Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3 (Unit: grams) Testing and characterization methods: (1) Testing of paint film contact angle (CA) and roll-off angle (SA) and calculation of surface energy γ The contact angle (CA) and roll-off angle (SA) of the coating surface were measured using a German Dataphsics contact angle tester, and the surface energy of the coating was calculated using the WuHarmonicMean method.

[0034] To evaluate the hydrophobicity of the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion of the present invention, the following experiments were conducted: The acrylic emulsions prepared in Examples 1-9 or Comparative Examples 1-3 were applied to tinplate and placed in a vacuum oven. The oven was then dried at 40°C and a vacuum of 0.05-0.1 MPa for 24 hours to obtain a paint film sample. The drying coating properties were tested, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0035] Table 3. Test results of acrylic emulsion drying coating Sample Name Raw material I content* (wt%) Raw material II content* (wt%) Tg* (°C) CA(º) SA(º) γ (mN / m) Example 1 35.4 39.6 83.70 153 8 20 Example 2 35.4 39.6 83.70 152 6 19 Example 3 35.4 39.6 83.70 154 7 19 Example 4 35.4 39.6 83.70 152 8 19 Example 5 35.4 39.6 83.70 152 8 20 Example 6 35.4 39.6 83.70 152 8 19 Example 7 35.4 39.6 83.70 153 6 19 Example 8 35.4 39.6 83.70 156 4 18 Example 9 35.4 39.6 83.70 150 9 24 Comparative Example 1 35.4 39.6 -25.10 118 56 20 Comparative Example 2 35.4 0.00 90.00 103 80 21 Comparative Example 3 0.00 39.6 83.70 70 88 33 In Table 3, the content of raw material I represents the mass percentage of octadecyl methacrylate in the outer shell A; the content of raw material II represents the mass percentage of polyfunctional alkyl methacrylate in the core B; and Tg represents the theoretical glass transition temperature of the three components: hydroxyalkyl methacrylate B, alkyl methacrylate B, and vinyl monomer B. Table 3 shows that the contact angle (CA) of Examples 1-9 exceeds 150° and the roll-off angle (SA) is less than 10°, reaching the level of superhydrophobicity. Among them, Example 8 has the highest CA value, the lowest SA value, and the lowest surface energy, while Example 9 has the lowest CA value, the highest SA value, and the highest surface energy.

[0036] Compared to Comparative Examples 1-3, the acrylic emulsion prepared in Example 1 of this invention has a higher CA value, a lower SA value, and a lower surface energy. This is mainly due to the introduction of high glass transition temperature (Tg) hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate B, alkyl (meth)acrylate B, vinyl monomer B, and multifunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl in the core B of the acrylic emulsion, which enhances the core rigidity and 3D stability. This core structure allows the film to maintain a spherical shape during film formation and is not prone to collapse. The nanoscale spherical protrusions after film formation are similar to the "mumps" structure of lotus leaves. Secondly, octadecyl (meth)acrylate is introduced into the shell A. Utilizing the hydrophobic and crystallizing properties of its octadecyl carbon, it forms a surface similar to "biowax" after film formation, resulting in low surface energy. The biowax and the nanopump surface construct a hydrophobic surface morphology for the coating layer, thereby achieving superhydrophobic properties.

[0037] To evaluate the application of the superhydrophobic emulsion of the present invention in coatings, the following experiments were conducted: According to the formulation in Table 3, the acrylic emulsions prepared in Examples 1-9 or Comparative Examples 1-3 were formulated into coating compositions. Using the same spraying process, the coating compositions were sprayed onto a standard electrophoretic plate, flash-dried for 10 minutes, then baked at 80°C for 10 minutes, and finally baked with hot air at 140°C for 20 minutes to obtain a paint film sample. The relevant performance indicators of the paint film were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 4.

[0038] Table 4 Raw material manufacturers and formulation ratios for coating compositions Components Raw material manufacturers Formula ratio, portions Acrylic emulsions prepared according to Examples 1-9 or Comparative Examples 1-3 - 45.00 Water-based white paste Shanghai Jinlitai Chemical Co., Ltd. 30.00 Cymel325 Zhanxin Resin 8.00 BYK-346 BYK Chemical 0.30 RM-8W Dow Chemicals 0.20 TEGOTwin4100 Evonik 0.42 n-Butanol Shanghai Caixin Chemical Co., Ltd. 3.00 BYK011 BYK Chemical 0.30 Tinuvin292 BASF 0.40 Tinuvin1130 BASF 0.40 Propylene glycol methyl ether Dow Chemicals 2.58 Deionized water Shanghai Jinlitai Chemical Co., Ltd. 9.40 Table 5. Coating film test results Sample Name CA(º) SA(º) Example 1 130 44 Example 2 129 39 Example 3 131 42 Example 4 129 43 Example 5 129 40 Example 6 128 46 Example 7 130 44 Example 8 134 36 Example 9 126 49 Comparative Example 1 100 67 Comparative Example 2 83 76 Comparative Example 3 73 84 As shown in Table 4, the acrylic emulsion prepared by this invention also exhibits excellent hydrophobic properties in coating applications. These excellent hydrophobic properties lay an important foundation for the design of coatings that achieve waterproof, anti-fouling, anti-icing, and self-cleaning functional effects, demonstrating outstanding application value.

[0039] The various embodiments described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0040] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion with a core-shell structure, characterized in that, Based on 100 parts by weight, the emulsion comprises 20-40 parts of polyacrylic acid resin, 1-3 parts of neutralizing agent I, 0-0.5 parts of neutralizing agent II, 0.4-2.4 parts of organic solvent, and 56-77 parts of deionized water; The polyacrylic resin has a core-shell structure, consisting of an outer shell A and an inner core B, with the mass ratio of the inner core B to the outer shell A being 2:1-6:

1. The raw material composition of the outer shell A includes: 1.8-3.0 parts of octadecyl methacrylate, 1.1-2.0 parts of methacrylic acid, 0-2.0 parts of hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, 0-2.0 parts of alkyl methacrylate, 0-2.0 parts of vinyl monomer, and 0.1-1 parts of initiator A; After the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion is formed into a film, the contact angle is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°.

2. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material composition of the core B includes: 5.0-13.0 parts of polyfunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl ester, 0-7.0 parts of (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester, 0-13.0 parts of (meth)acrylate alkyl ester, 0-13.0 parts of vinyl monomer, and 0.1-0.4 parts of initiator B.

3. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polyfunctional (meth)acrylate alkyl ester is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,6-adipic acid diacrylate, and 1,6-adipic acid dimethacrylate.

4. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that, Neutralizing agent I and neutralizing agent II are selected from at least one of triethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, 1-ethylpiperidine, dimethylisopropylamine, dimethylisopropanolamine, diethylethanolamine, 2-amino-2-dimethylpropanol, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.

5. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic solvent is selected from at least one of isopropanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, isoparaffin solvent oil Isopar L, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, No. 100 solvent oil, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, sec-butanol, n-butanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, isobutyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, N-methylpyrrolidone, and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate.

6. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkyl methacrylate A and alkyl methacrylate B are selected from one or more of methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate, isodecanyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, acrylamide, isobutyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, diacetone acrylamide, butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, allyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, hexyl methacrylate, lauryl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, and phenyl methacrylate.

7. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester A and (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester B are selected from one or more of hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, glyceryl monomethacrylate, and dimethacrylate.

8. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vinyl monomers A and B are styrene.

9. The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initiator A and initiator B are selected from one or more of 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid), azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ethyl α-bromoisobutyrate, copper bromide, stannous octoate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, di-tert-pentyl peroxide, ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, and sodium dithionite.

10. A method for preparing the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Add the organic solvent and the raw material for preparing shell A into a high-pressure reactor to carry out the polymerization reaction; Step S2: Cool down, add neutralizing agent I and some deionized water to the reactor, and stir to disperse after completion; Step S3: Add part of the raw materials for preparation of shell B and part of neutralizing agent II to the reaction vessel, and stir and disperse after completion; Step S4: Add the remaining raw materials of shell B, the remaining neutralizing agent II, and the remaining deionized water to another reactor, keep it warm, and add the reaction solution prepared in step S3 dropwise to the reactor to react. After cooling, filter to obtain the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion.

11. The use of the superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion according to any one of claims 1-9 in coatings.

12. The application according to claim 11, characterized in that, The superhydrophobic acrylic emulsion is used to prepare waterproof coatings, antifouling coatings, anti-icing coatings, or self-cleaning coatings.

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