Photovoltaic support and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic bracket as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The photovoltaic bracket is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 to 110 parts of POM (Polyoxymethylene) material, 10 to 20 parts of filler, 10 to 15 parts of flexibilizer, 2 to 10 parts of compatilizer, 5 to 10 parts of lubricant, 0.05 to 0.1 part of anti-UV (Ultraviolet) aid and 1 to 5 parts of coupling agent. According to the photovoltaic support, the POM material is used as a main raw material, and the water surface floating weight is effectively reduced. The wear resistance of the photovoltaic support is improved by adding the filler into the POM material, the polarity of the POM material is improved by adding the compatilizer into the POM material, the compatibility of the POM material and the flexibilizer is improved, the impact performance of the photovoltaic support is improved, the friction resistance of the photovoltaic support is improved by adding the lubricant into the POM material, and the service life of the photovoltaic support is prolonged. The photovoltaic support has good friction resistance and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic support technology, specifically to a photovoltaic support, its manufacturing method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The photovoltaic industry is in a stage of rapid development. Currently, the photovoltaic support structures used in the industry are mainly made of steel, which has disadvantages such as high density and poor corrosion resistance, limiting its application in floating photovoltaic systems. Existing technologies use plastic supports to improve buoyancy on water, but in long-term outdoor use and high-pressure scenarios, most plastic supports have poor abrasion and wear resistance, resulting in a short service life and thus affecting the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to improve the friction resistance and wear resistance of photovoltaic brackets.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: The first aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic bracket, the material of which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of POM material, 10-20 parts of filler, 10-15 parts of toughening agent, 2-10 parts of compatibilizer, 5-10 parts of lubricant, 0.05-0.1 parts of UV-resistant additive, and 1-5 parts of coupling agent.

[0005] The filler includes one or more of quartz powder and mica powder; the toughening agent includes one or more of TPU and PTFE; and the compatibilizer includes one or more of acrylic acid-grafted polyethylene and maleic anhydride-grafted POE.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The photovoltaic bracket of this invention uses POM material as the main raw material, effectively reducing the floating weight on the water surface. This invention improves the wear resistance of the photovoltaic bracket by adding fillers to the POM material, and increases the polarity of the POM material by adding compatibilizers, thereby improving the compatibility between the POM material and the toughening agent and enhancing the impact performance of the photovoltaic bracket. Additionally, adding lubricants to the POM material further improves the friction resistance of the photovoltaic bracket, resulting in a photovoltaic bracket with excellent friction and wear resistance.

[0007] Preferably, the lubricant includes one or more of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.

[0008] Beneficial effects: This invention improves the abrasion resistance of photovoltaic brackets by using molybdenum disulfide and / or graphite.

[0009] Preferably, the UV-resistant additive includes a scavenger and a light absorber, wherein the scavenger is one or more of UV-770, 944, and 2020, and the light absorber is one or more of UV-326 and UV-531.

[0010] Beneficial effects: This invention improves the weather resistance of photovoltaic brackets and extends their service life by using anti-UV additives.

[0011] Preferably, the coupling agent includes one or more of silane coupling agents and titanate coupling agents.

[0012] Preferably, the silane coupling agent is KH550.

[0013] Preferably, the titanate coupling agent is YB-202.

[0014] Preferably, the POM material is a copolymer POM material.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This invention uses copolymer POM material as the main raw material for photovoltaic brackets, which makes the photovoltaic brackets less prone to breakage under long-term cyclic loads and maintains their toughness; its performance is almost unaffected when immersed in water for a long time.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket, comprising the following steps: mixing a filler, a lubricant, a coupling agent, a POM material, a toughening agent, a compatibilizer and an anti-UV additive to obtain a mixture; extruding and injection molding the mixture to obtain a bracket, and annealing the bracket to obtain a photovoltaic bracket.

[0017] Beneficial effects: This invention uses POM material to prepare photovoltaic brackets, which can be widely used in water surface photovoltaics. The process is simple, the production efficiency is high, and it is suitable for industrial production.

[0018] Preferably, the annealing temperature is 100~130℃ and the time is 2~3h.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The photovoltaic bracket manufacturing method of the present invention effectively eliminates the internal stress generated during the processing by annealing the bracket, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and cracking of the photovoltaic bracket during use.

[0020] Preferably, the mixture is extruded by a twin-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of the first section of the twin-screw is 190~200℃, the temperature of the second section is 180~190℃, the temperature of the third section is 185~210℃, and the temperature of the fourth section is 180~200℃.

[0021] Preferably, the mixing speed is 200-500 rpm and the mixing time is 0.5-1 h.

[0022] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of a photovoltaic support in water surface photovoltaics, wherein the photovoltaic support is prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing a photovoltaic support. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, all test materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or in accordance with the product manual may be followed.

[0026] The manufacturers and models of the raw materials used in this invention are shown in the table below:

[0027] Example This embodiment provides a photovoltaic support structure and its manufacturing method. The materials and mass fractions of the photovoltaic support structure are shown in Table 1 below:

[0028] The quartz powder and mica powder both have a mesh size of 2500.

[0029] Table 1 The photovoltaic bracket is prepared as follows: filler, lubricant, coupling agent, POM material, toughening agent, compatibilizer and anti-UV additive are mixed in a high-speed mixer to obtain a mixture. The mixing speed is 400 rpm and the mixing time is 40 min. Then the mixture is extruded through a twin-screw extruder with the first stage temperature at 190℃, the second stage temperature at 190℃, the third stage temperature at 210℃ and the fourth stage temperature at 180℃. The mixture is then injection molded into a bracket. After that, the bracket is annealed at 120℃ for 2 hours and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the photovoltaic bracket.

[0030] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a photovoltaic bracket and its preparation method. The difference between this comparative example 1 and Example 4 is that the raw material is only 100 parts of copolymer POM material, and the preparation method is the same as that of Example 4, to obtain the photovoltaic bracket.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a photovoltaic bracket and its preparation method. The difference between this comparative example 1 and Example 4 is that the filler in the raw materials is 24 parts, specifically 12 parts of quartz powder and 12 parts of mica powder. All other raw materials are the same, and the preparation method is the same as that in Example 4 to obtain the photovoltaic bracket.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a photovoltaic bracket and its preparation method. The difference between this comparative example 1 and Example 4 is that the toughening agent in the raw materials is 20 parts, specifically 10 parts of TPU and 10 parts of PTFE. All other raw materials are the same, and the preparation method is the same as in Example 4 to obtain the photovoltaic bracket.

[0033] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a photovoltaic bracket and its preparation method. The difference between this comparative example 1 and Example 4 is that the lubricant in the raw materials is 15 parts, specifically 7 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 8 parts of graphite. All other raw materials are the same, and the preparation method is the same as that in Example 4 to obtain the photovoltaic bracket.

[0034] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a photovoltaic bracket and its preparation method. The difference between this comparative example 1 and Example 4 is that the UV-resistant additive in the raw materials is 0.135 parts, specifically 0.09 parts of UV-770 and 0.045 parts of UV-531. All other raw materials are the same, and the preparation method is the same as that in Example 4 to obtain the photovoltaic bracket.

[0035] Comparative Example 6 This comparative example provides a photovoltaic bracket and its preparation method. The difference between this comparative example 1 and Example 4 is that the compatibilizer in the raw materials is 14 parts, specifically 7 parts of acrylic acid grafted polyethylene and 7 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE. All other raw materials are the same, and the preparation method is the same as in Example 4 to obtain the photovoltaic bracket.

[0036] Comparative Example 7 This comparative example provides a photovoltaic bracket and its preparation method. The difference between this comparative example 1 and Example 4 is that the preparation method is different. This comparative example does not undergo annealing treatment. Instead, the bracket is obtained by injection molding using an injection molding machine. The bracket is then cooled to room temperature to become a photovoltaic bracket.

[0037] The photovoltaic support structure of this comparative example and that of Example 4 were placed together for 24 hours. Observation of their surfaces revealed that the photovoltaic support structure of this comparative example warped and its dimensions deviated, while the photovoltaic support structure of Example 4 remained unchanged. Subsequently, an impact resistance test was conducted on the photovoltaic support structure of this comparative example, and the measured impact performance was 10 KJ / m. 2 .

[0038] To further improve the physical and mechanical properties and chemical stability of photovoltaic brackets, Examples 1-5 involve annealing the brackets, which can effectively eliminate internal stress generated during processing, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and cracking of photovoltaic brackets during use.

[0039] Experimental Example The photovoltaic brackets of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were subjected to performance tests. The specific test results are shown in Table 2, and are as follows: 1. Coefficient of friction: in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 10006-2021.

[0040] 2. Abrasion resistance: Performed in accordance with GB / T 1768-2006, the mass loss of the photovoltaic bracket was tested using the Table abrasion method, CS-10 grinding wheel, 1kg load, 1000 revolutions.

[0041] 3. Hardness test: conducted in accordance with GB / T 531.1-2008.

[0042] 4. Impact resistance test: conducted in accordance with GB / T 1843-2008.

[0043] 5. UV Resistance Test: The UV test shall be conducted according to MQT 10 of IEC 61215-2:2016. The sample shall be placed in a UV environment test chamber with the sample surface perpendicular to the UV light source. The irradiance on the test plane of the sample shall be measured using a calibrated radiometer, with the irradiance at wavelengths between 280 nm and 400 nm being (300–500) W / m². 2 The irradiance uniformity across the entire test plane was ±15%. The sample was subjected to ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range of 280 nm to 400 nm, with ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range of 280 nm to 320 nm accounting for 3% to 10% of the total radiation. The irradiation temperature was 60 ± 5℃, and the total irradiation was 300 kWh / m². 2 The tensile properties after aging were compared with those before aging to obtain data on the retention rate of UV resistance. The samples were the photovoltaic brackets in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0044]

[0045] Table 2 As shown in Table 2, the photovoltaic brackets of Examples 1-5 have higher performance than those of Comparative Examples 1-6, indicating that adjusting the mass fraction of filler, toughening agent, compatibilizer, lubricant and UV additive affects the overall performance of the photovoltaic bracket. Among them, the photovoltaic bracket of Example 4 has the best performance, and Comparative Example 1 is a control example.

[0046] This invention improves the wear resistance of photovoltaic brackets by adding fillers. However, when the amount added exceeds 20 parts, the risk of filler agglomeration increases significantly, leading to stress concentration in the photovoltaic bracket and thus reducing wear resistance. If less than 10 parts are added, the improvement in wear resistance is not significant.

[0047] This invention improves the impact performance of photovoltaic (PV) brackets by adding toughening agents. However, when the amount added exceeds 15 parts, the dispersed phase in the PV bracket aggregates, leading to stress concentration, which disrupts the mechanical balance of the PV bracket and reduces its impact performance. If less than 10 parts are added, the improvement in impact performance is not significant.

[0048] This invention improves the abrasion resistance of photovoltaic (PV) mounting structures by adding lubricant. However, adding more than 10 parts of lubricant causes the PV mounting structure to form a layered structure, which is prone to peeling and increases wear. If less than 5 parts are added, the improvement in abrasion resistance is not significant.

[0049] This invention improves the compatibility between copolymer POM material and toughening agent by adding compatibilizer, which indirectly affects the impact performance of photovoltaic brackets. However, adding more than 10 parts will lead to excessive reaction, increasing the brittleness of the photovoltaic bracket and causing an "over-compatibility" phenomenon. Adding less than 2 parts will not significantly improve the performance of the photovoltaic bracket.

[0050] This invention improves the weather resistance of photovoltaic (PV) mounting systems by using UV-resistant additives, thereby extending their service life. However, adding more than 0.1 parts of these additives may significantly reduce the impact resistance and rigidity of the PV mounting systems, and may also induce migration or aggregation, thus reducing weather resistance. Adding less than 0.05 parts of these additives does not improve the weather resistance of the PV mounting systems.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic support structure, characterized in that, Its materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of POM material, 10-20 parts of filler, 10-15 parts of toughening agent, 2-10 parts of compatibilizer, 5-10 parts of lubricant, 0.05-0.1 parts of UV-resistant additive, and 1-5 parts of coupling agent. The filler includes one or more of quartz powder and mica powder; the toughening agent includes one or more of TPU and PTFE; and the compatibilizer includes one or more of acrylic acid-grafted polyethylene and maleic anhydride-grafted POE.

2. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, Lubricants include one or more of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.

3. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The UV-resistant additives include scavengers and light absorbers. The scavengers are one or more of UV-770, UV-944, and UV-2020, and the light absorbers are one or more of UV-326 and UV-531.

4. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, Coupling agents include one or more of silane coupling agents and titanate coupling agents.

5. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The POM material is a copolymer POM material.

6. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic support according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Fillers, lubricants, coupling agents, POM materials, toughening agents, compatibilizers, and UV-resistant additives are mixed to obtain a mixture; the mixture is extruded and injection molded to obtain a bracket, and the bracket is annealed to obtain a photovoltaic bracket.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic support according to claim 5, characterized in that, The annealing temperature is 100~130℃, and the time is 2~3h.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic support according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mixture is extruded through a twin-screw extruder, with the temperature of the first section of the twin screw being 190~200℃, the second section 180~190℃, the third section 185~210℃, and the fourth section 180~200℃.

9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic bracket according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mixing speed is 200-500 rpm, and the mixing time is 0.5-1 h.

10. An application of a photovoltaic support structure in water surface photovoltaics, characterized in that, The photovoltaic bracket is prepared by the method of any one of claims 6-9.

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