Butyl adhesive tape as well as preparation method and application thereof
By introducing functional and adhesive layers with specific components into butyl tape, the problem of ultraviolet aging was solved, achieving a balance between self-healing and high light transmittance, thus improving the performance of photovoltaic modules.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511785702.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing butyl tapes are prone to aging and yellowing under ultraviolet light, and lack self-healing ability and bonding strength, making it difficult to achieve both high light transmittance and high bonding strength.
Using brominated butyl rubber and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivatives as the main network, and amino polysiloxane containing cystamine disulfide bonds as the secondary network, a light-converting agent with europium-dibenzoylmethane complex as the core and hydrophobically modified SiO2 as the shell is combined to form a functional layer. The adhesive layer is enhanced by a coupling agent to achieve triggerless self-healing and high light transmittance.
It significantly improves the self-healing efficiency and light conversion rate of butyl tape, while maintaining high light transmittance and bonding strength, thereby increasing the short-circuit current and output power of photovoltaic modules.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the fields of polymer materials and new energy technology, and in particular to a butyl tape, its preparation method and application. Background Technology
[0002] Butyl tape is an important material in the process of encapsulating photovoltaic modules. It is mainly used to protect internal electronic components from environmental influences. It needs to have high light transmittance, high UV blocking rate and high interfacial bonding strength, and can self-repair after micro-damage to maintain long-term sealing.
[0003] Existing butyl tapes have high light transmittance but suffer from poor UV protection and self-healing capabilities. After prolonged use, UV aging leads to yellowing and adhesive failure. Introducing self-healing network agents into transparent butyl tapes can improve their self-healing ability, but this requires solvents or high temperatures to trigger damage repair and cannot simultaneously maintain high light transmittance. Introducing rare-earth light-converting agents into transparent butyl tapes can improve the utilization rate of UV light by photovoltaic modules, but in traditional processes, these agents are prone to uneven dispersion, resulting in decreased light transmittance. Therefore, improving the self-healing and UV resistance capabilities of butyl tapes while maintaining high light transmittance and high adhesive strength has become a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Based on this, the main objective of this application is to provide a butyl tape, its preparation method, and its application, so as to improve the self-healing ability and UV resistance of the butyl tape, while maintaining high light transmittance and high bonding strength.
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a butyl tape, including a functional layer and an adhesive layer disposed on at least one surface of the functional layer;
[0006] The functional layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts brominated butyl rubber, 30-40 parts carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative, 5-10 parts self-healing network agent, and 0.5-1 part light conversion agent;
[0007] The self-healing network agent includes an amino polysiloxane containing cystamine disulfide bonds;
[0008] The light-converting agent comprises a core and a shell disposed on the surface of the core. The core comprises a europium-dibenzoylmethane complex, and the shell comprises hydrophobically modified SiO2.
[0009] The adhesive layer includes a coupling agent.
[0010] In some embodiments, the acid value of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is 30-150 mg KOH / g.
[0011] In some embodiments, the number-average molecular weight of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is 500-5000 g / mol.
[0012] In some embodiments, the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative has a melt index of 0.5-2.0 g / 10 min at 230 °C.
[0013] In some embodiments, the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.
[0014] In some embodiments, the structure of the cystamine disulfide-containing aminopolysiloxane is as follows:
[0015] [RO-(SiR'2-O) m -(SiR''(NH-(CH2)2-SS-(CH2)2-NH2)-O) n -SiR'2-OR];
[0016] Wherein, R, R', and R'' are independently selected from C1-C4 alkyl groups; m and n are the degree of polymerization, and n / (m+n) is 0.05-0.3.
[0017] In some embodiments, the hydrophobically modified SiO2 includes SiO2 grafted with C18 alkylsilane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloxysilane, or isocyanate-based silane.
[0018] In some embodiments, the C18 alkylsilane includes octadecyltrimethoxysilane.
[0019] In some embodiments, the methacryloyloxysilane includes γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
[0020] In some embodiments, the isocyanate-based silane comprises 3-isocyanate-based propyltriethoxysilane.
[0021] In some embodiments, the light-converting agent is prepared by the following method:
[0022] The core was prepared by complexing EuCl3, dibenzoylmethane and 1,10-phenanthroline.
[0023] The sol-gel method was used to coat SiO2 onto the outer layer of the core, and then hydrophobically modified SiO2 was prepared by reacting C18 alkylsilane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloyloxysilane or isocyanate-based silane to prepare a light-converting agent.
[0024] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of EuCl3, dibenzoylmethane, and 1,10-phenanthroline is 1:(1.8-3.2):(0.7-1.1).
[0025] In some embodiments, the coupling agent is prepared by the following method:
[0026] The coupling agent is prepared by bridging titanate coupling agent, cerium ammonium nitrate and anhydrous ethanol.
[0027] In some embodiments, the titanate coupling agent includes isopropyltris(dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate.
[0028] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the cerium ammonium nitrate is (15-25):1.
[0029] In some embodiments, the molar volume ratio of the cerium ammonium nitrate to the anhydrous ethanol is (2-3) mmol:100mL.
[0030] In some embodiments, the conditions for the bridging reaction include: a reaction temperature of 50-70°C and a reaction time of 3-5 hours.
[0031] In some embodiments, after bridging the titanate coupling agent, cerium ammonium nitrate and anhydrous ethanol, a solvent removal step is further included, wherein the solvent removal method includes vacuum evaporation.
[0032] In some embodiments, the thickness of the functional layer is 200-300 μm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 50-100 μm.
[0033] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the butyl tape described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
[0034] The functional layer is prepared by mixing brominated butyl rubber and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivatives, then adding a self-healing network agent and a light-converting agent, and ultrasonically dispersing the mixture.
[0035] A coupling agent is coated on at least one surface of the functional layer, and then plasma treatment is performed to prepare butyl tape.
[0036] The third aspect of this application provides the application of the butyl tape described in the first aspect or the butyl tape prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect in photovoltaic module encapsulation.
[0037] Compared with traditional technologies, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0038] The photovoltaic module butyl adhesive described in this application includes a functional layer and an adhesive layer. The functional layer comprises brominated butyl rubber, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, a self-healing network agent, and a light-converting agent. The adhesive layer includes a coupling agent. Specifically, this application achieves triggerless self-healing of the butyl tape by using brominated butyl rubber (hard segment) and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivatives as the main network, a self-healing network agent containing cysteine disulfide bonds (soft segment) as the secondary network, and a light-converting agent with a core comprising europium-dibenzoylmethane complex and a shell comprising hydrophobically modified SiO2. By adjusting the dosage of each component, the self-healing efficiency and light conversion rate of the butyl tape can be significantly improved, while maintaining high light transmittance and adhesive strength. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and examples. These embodiments and examples are only for illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The purpose of providing these embodiments and examples is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. It should also be understood that the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or alterations without departing from the spirit of the present application, and the equivalent forms obtained also fall within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a fuller understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details.
[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0041] To address the current limitations of butyl rubber for photovoltaic modules in simultaneously achieving high self-healing capabilities, high UV light utilization, good light transmittance, and strong adhesion, this application proposes a novel, non-triggering self-healing mechanism for butyl rubber in photovoltaic modules. This is achieved by using brominated butyl rubber and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivatives as the main network, a self-healing network agent containing cysteine disulfide bonds of aminopolysiloxane as the secondary network, and a light-converting agent with a core comprising europium-dibenzoylmethane complexes and a shell comprising hydrophobically modified SiO2. Furthermore, by adjusting the amounts of the self-healing network agent and the light-converting agent, the self-healing efficiency and light conversion rate of the butyl rubber can be significantly improved, while maintaining high light transmittance and adhesion strength.
[0042] In a first aspect, this application provides a butyl tape, including a functional layer and an adhesive layer disposed on at least one surface of the functional layer;
[0043] The functional layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts brominated butyl rubber, 30-40 parts carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative, 5-10 parts self-healing network agent, and 0.5-1 part light conversion agent;
[0044] The self-healing network agent includes an amino polysiloxane containing cystamine disulfide bonds;
[0045] The light-converting agent comprises a core and a shell disposed on the surface of the core. The core comprises a europium-dibenzoylmethane complex, and the shell comprises hydrophobically modified SiO2.
[0046] The adhesive layer includes a coupling agent.
[0047] This application achieves triggerless self-healing of butyl tape by employing a functional layer consisting of brominated butyl rubber and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivatives as the main network, and a self-healing network agent containing cysteine disulfide bonds as the secondary network. A light-converting agent with a core comprising europium-dibenzoylmethane complex and a shell comprising hydrophobically modified SiO2 is used to further enhance the self-healing efficiency and light conversion rate of the butyl tape. Furthermore, by using the functional and adhesive layers and adjusting the amounts of each component, the self-healing efficiency and light conversion rate of the butyl tape can be significantly improved, while maintaining high light transmittance and adhesive strength.
[0048] The mechanism of action of the light-converting agent is as follows:
[0049] Its core europium-dibenzoylmethane complex absorbs high-energy ultraviolet light (280-400nm) through the "antenna effect" and converts it into red visible light (~614nm) that can be efficiently utilized by crystalline silicon cells, thereby improving the short-circuit current and output power of photovoltaic modules;
[0050] Its hydrophobically modified SiO2 shell acts as a physical barrier, effectively blocking water vapor, oxygen and chemical components from contacting the core sensitive material, significantly improving the light, heat and chemical stability of the light-converting agent, and inhibiting aging and deactivation.
[0051] In some embodiments, the mass fraction of brominated butyl rubber in the functional layer is 80-120 parts, or 100 parts.
[0052] In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative in the functional layer is 30-40 parts, which can be 30 parts, 31 parts, 32 parts, 33 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 37 parts, 38 parts, 39 parts or 40 parts.
[0053] In some embodiments, the self-healing network agent in the functional layer has a mass fraction of 5-10 parts, which can be 5 parts, 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 6.5 parts, 7 parts, 7.5 parts, 8 parts, 8.5 parts, 9 parts, 9.5 parts or 10 parts.
[0054] In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the light-converting agent in the functional layer is 0.5-1 part, which can be 0.5 parts, 0.6 parts, 0.7 parts, 0.8 parts, 0.9 parts or 1 part.
[0055] In this application, the amino polysiloxane containing cysteine disulfide bonds (soft segment) undergoes microphase separation with butyl rubber (hard segment), which can avoid the interference of dynamic disulfide bonds in the self-healing network agent on light transmittance.
[0056] In some embodiments, the brominated butyl rubber is purchased from Shanghai Yongzheng Chemical, brand name BIIR 2030, with Mooney viscosity ML 1+8 @125°C: 38±5.
[0057] In some embodiments, the acid value of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is 30-150 mg KOH / g, which can be 30 mg KOH / g, 40 mg KOH / g, 50 mg KOH / g, 60 mg KOH / g, 70 mg KOH / g, 80 mg KOH / g, 100 mg KOH / g, 120 mg KOH / g, or 150 mg KOH / g. The carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative refers to a polymer in which carboxyl groups (-COOH) are introduced into the polyisobutylene molecular chain through chemical modification.
[0058] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative includes: oxidizing polyisobutylene with terminal double bonds or tertiary hydrocarbons to introduce carboxyl groups, thereby preparing the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative.
[0059] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative includes: using an end-group conversion method, reacting halopolyisobutylene with cyanide and then hydrolyzing it to prepare the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative.
[0060] In some embodiments, the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.
[0061] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride includes: reacting polyisobutylene with maleic anhydride via an olefin addition reaction to generate polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA), wherein the general structural formula of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is [PIB]-C(CH2COOH)=C(CH2COOH)-[H], where [PIB] represents a polyisobutylene chain.
[0062] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride includes the following steps:
[0063] Polyisobutylene (HR-PIB) with a number average molecular weight of 800-2500 g / mol was added to the reactor and dehydrated at 60-80℃ for 0.5-1h under nitrogen protection.
[0064] Raise the system temperature to 200-230℃ and slowly add maleic anhydride (MA) dropwise. The mass ratio of polyisobutylene to maleic anhydride is 100:(10-30). After the addition is complete, carry out the addition reaction at this temperature for 3-8 hours.
[0065] After the reaction is complete, the temperature is lowered to 150-160℃ and extracted under vacuum (vacuum degree below -0.095 MPa) for 1-2 hours to remove unreacted maleic anhydride.
[0066] Cooling was performed to prepare polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with an acid value of 50-100 mg KOH / g.
[0067] In some embodiments, the general structural formula of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is as follows:
[0068] [PIB]-CH(CH2R)-CH=CH-COOH;
[0069] Wherein, [PIB] represents a polyisobutylene chain, and R represents a carboxyl group.
[0070] In some embodiments, the melt index of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative at 230°C is 0.5-2.0 g / 10 min, which can be 0.5 g / 10 min, 1 g / 10 min, 1.5 g / 10 min or 2 g / 10 min.
[0071] In some embodiments, the molecular weight of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is 500-5000 g / mol, and can be 500 g / mol, 800 g / mol, 1000 g / mol, 1500 g / mol, 2000 g / mol, 2500 g / mol, 3000 g / mol, 4000 g / mol or 5000 g / mol.
[0072] In some embodiments, the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, purchased from Jinzhou Chenghua, brand name PIBSA 1000, with a number average molecular weight of 1000 and an acid value of 70 mg KOH / g.
[0073] In some embodiments, the structure of the cystamine disulfide-containing aminopolysiloxane is as follows:
[0074] [RO-(SiR'2-O) m -(SiR''(NH-(CH2)2-SS-(CH2)2-NH2)-O) n -SiR'2-OR];
[0075] In this model, R, R', and R'' are independently selected from C1-C4 alkyl groups, and can be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl; m and n are the degrees of polymerization, and n / (m+n) is 0.05-0.3, which can be 0.05, 0.08, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, or 0.3. By controlling the range of n / (m+n), the density of disulfide bonds in the cystamine disulfide bonds is adjusted to improve the self-healing efficiency of the self-healing network agent.
[0076] In some embodiments, the structure of the cystamine disulfide-containing aminopolysiloxane is as follows:
[0077] [RO-(SiR'2-O) m -(SiR''(NH-(CH2)2-SS-(CH2)2-NH2)-O) n -SiR'2-OR];
[0078] Wherein, R, R', and R'' are all selected from methyl groups; m and n are the degrees of polymerization, n / (m+n) is 0.1, m is 150, and n is 20. The amino polysiloxane containing cystamine disulfide bonds has good self-healing efficiency and also possesses flexibility and transparency.
[0079] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the cystamine disulfide-containing amino polysiloxane includes the following steps:
[0080] The amino polysiloxane containing cystamine disulfide bonds was prepared by reacting hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with isocyanate-based propyltriethoxysilane and then subjecting it to an aminolysis reaction with cystamine (dihydrochloride).
[0081] In some embodiments, the hydrophobically modified SiO2 includes SiO2 grafted with C18 alkyl silane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloxysilane, or isocyanate-based silane. The grafted groups on the SiO2 are similar in structure to the butyl rubber matrix, which improves the compatibility and dispersibility of the light-converting agent, avoids visible light scattering caused by particle aggregation, and thus increases the light transmittance of the butyl tape.
[0082] In some embodiments, the C18 alkylsilane includes octadecyltrimethoxysilane.
[0083] In some embodiments, the methacryloyloxysilane includes γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570).
[0084] In some embodiments, the isocyanate-based silane comprises 3-isocyanate-based propyltriethoxysilane.
[0085] In some embodiments, the mass fraction of polyisobutylene segments in the SiO2 grafted with silane is 15%-40%.
[0086] In some embodiments, the light-converting agent is prepared by the following method:
[0087] The core of the light-converting agent was prepared by complexing EuCl3, dibenzoylmethane and 1,10-phenanthroline.
[0088] The sol-gel method was used to coat SiO2 onto the outer layer of the core. Then, SiO2 was grafted with C18 alkylsilane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloyloxysilane or isocyanate-based silane to prepare hydrophobically modified SiO2, which was then used to prepare a light-converting agent.
[0089] In some embodiments, the conditions for the complexation reaction include: the reaction solvent is ethanol; the temperature is 60°C; and the reaction time is 12 h.
[0090] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of EuCl3, dibenzoylmethane, and 1,10-phenanthroline is 1:(1.8-3.2):(0.7-1.1), and can be 1:1.8:0.7, 1:1.9:0.7, 1:2:0.7, 1:2:1.1, 1:2.5:0.7, 1:2.5:1.1, 1:3.2:0.7, or 1:3.2:1.1.
[0091] In some embodiments, the conditions for coating SiO2 onto the outer layer of the core using the sol-gel method include:
[0092] Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was used as the silicon source, and the mass ratio of TEOS to the core was (0.5-2):1;
[0093] Using ammonia water as a catalyst, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.1-0.5 mol / L;
[0094] The reaction was carried out in an ethanol-water mixed solvent, wherein the molar ratio of water to TEOS was (4:1)-(20:1);
[0095] The reaction temperature is 40-60℃;
[0096] The reaction time is 4-24 hours;
[0097] After the reaction is complete, post-treatment is performed, including aging at room temperature for 12-48 hours.
[0098] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the light-converting agent includes the following steps:
[0099] 1) Complexation: EuCl3 was dissolved in ethanol, and an ethanol solution of dibenzoylmethane (DBM) was added. After stirring for 30 min, an ethanol solution of 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) was added, and the reaction was continued for 12 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, europium-dibenzoylmethane complex (Eu(DBM)3Phen) core was prepared.
[0100] 2) Coating: The above core is dispersed in an ethanol-water mixed solvent, ammonia and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) are added, and the reaction is carried out at 50°C for 24 h to prepare SiO2 coated core-shell particles;
[0101] 3) Modification: The above core-shell particles are dispersed in toluene, and C18 alkylsilane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloyloxysilane or isocyanate-based silane are added. The mixture is refluxed for 12 hours, centrifuged, washed, and dried to prepare the light-converting agent.
[0102] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the light-converting agent is as follows:
[0103] 2.44 g EuCl3 (0.010 mol), 4.22 g dibenzoylmethane (0.019 mol), and 1.32 g 1,10-phenanthroline (0.007 mol) were stirred in 200 mL of ethanol to carry out a complexation reaction. The conditions for the complexation reaction were: temperature 60 °C, reaction time 12 h, and stirring speed 600 rpm. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, washed with ethanol, and vacuum dried to prepare the core of the optically converting agent (Eu(DBM)3Phen). Using the sol-gel method, 1.0 g of the core was dispersed in a mixed solution of 200 mL ethanol and 50 mL water and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. 5 mL of ammonia water (ammonia concentration 26.5%) was added. The mixture was heated to 50°C under mechanical stirring. Then, 20 mL of an ethanol solution containing 1.0 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was slowly added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the reaction was continued at 50°C for 12 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h. The product was separated by centrifugation and washed with ethanol and water to obtain SiO2-coated core-shell particles (SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen). Then, SiO2 was grafted and modified with octadecyltrimethoxysilane. Specifically, the SiO2-coated core-shell particles were dispersed in 100 mL of toluene, 0.5 g of octadecyltrimethoxysilane was added, and the mixture was refluxed at 110°C for 12 h. After centrifugation, the mixture was washed with toluene and dried under vacuum to prepare the octadecyltrimethoxysilane-grafted and modified light-converting agent (C18-SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen).
[0104] The light-converting agent described in this application has a core-shell structure. Its core is a europium(III)-dibenzoylmethane-1,10-phenanthroline ternary complex (chemical formula Eu(DBM)3Phen); its shell is a hydrophobic silica layer modified by grafting C18 alkyl silane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloyloxysilane or isocyanate-based silane, which can further improve the dispersibility of the light-converting agent and improve the light conversion rate and transparency of butyl tape.
[0105] In some embodiments, the coupling agent is prepared by the following method:
[0106] The coupling agent is prepared by bridging titanate coupling agent, cerium ammonium nitrate and anhydrous ethanol.
[0107] In the preparation process of the coupling agent, this application involves partial Ce... 4+ Reduced to Ce by ethanol 3+ , forming Ce 3+ / Ce 4+ The coupling agent, which is in a mixed valence state, is further bridging to form a Ti-O-Ce bridging structure. The prepared coupling agent is used to enhance interfacial adhesion.
[0108] In some embodiments, the titanate coupling agent includes isopropyl tris(dioctylpyrophosphoryloxy) titanate (NDZ-201).
[0109] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the cerium ammonium nitrate is (15-25):1, which can be 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 22:1, 24:1 or 25:1.
[0110] In some embodiments, the molar volume ratio of the cerium ammonium nitrate to the anhydrous ethanol is (2-3) mmol:100mL, which can be 2 mmol:100mL, 2.2 mmol:100mL, 2.5 mmol:100mL, 2.6 mmol:100mL, 2.8 mmol:100mL or 3 mmol:100mL.
[0111] In some embodiments, the conditions for the bridging reaction include: a reaction temperature of 50-70°C, which can be 50°C, 52°C, 55°C, 58°C or 60°C; and a reaction time of 3-5 hours, which can be 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours or 5 hours.
[0112] In some embodiments, after bridging the titanate coupling agent, cerium ammonium nitrate and anhydrous ethanol, a solvent removal step is further included, wherein the solvent removal method includes vacuum evaporation.
[0113] In some embodiments, the coupling agent is prepared as follows:
[0114] 0.05 mol of isopropyltris(dioctylpyrophosphoryloxy)titanate (NDZ-201) and 0.0025 mol of cerium ammonium nitrate were dissolved in 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol for a bridging reaction. The reaction was stirred at 60 °C for 4 h, and the solvent was removed by vacuum evaporation to prepare the coupling agent.
[0115] In some embodiments, the thickness of the functional layer is 200-300 μm, which can be 200 μm, 220 μm, 250 μm, 280 μm or 300 μm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 50-100 μm, which can be 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm or 100 μm.
[0116] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the functional layer to the adhesive layer is 75:25.
[0117] In some embodiments, the functional layer may also include inorganic pigments. By adjusting the type and amount of inorganic pigments, customized colors (such as white or light colors) can be achieved at a light transmittance of 85-90%, precisely balancing light transmittance, color, and functional requirements, thus meeting the needs of diverse applications, such as building curtain walls or colored photovoltaic modules.
[0118] In some embodiments, the butyl tape further includes a protective film layer located on the surface of the adhesive layer.
[0119] In some embodiments, the protective film layer includes a substrate and a release agent layer coated on at least one surface of the substrate.
[0120] In some embodiments, the substrate includes one of polyethylene (PE) film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, polypropylene (PP) film, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film.
[0121] In some embodiments, the release agent layer is a silicone release agent layer or a non-silicone release agent layer. The thickness of the protective film layer is 50-150 μm, and can be 50 μm, 75 μm, 100 μm, 125 μm or 150 μm.
[0122] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the butyl tape described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
[0123] The functional layer is prepared by mixing brominated butyl rubber and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivatives, then adding a self-healing network agent and a light-converting agent, and ultrasonically dispersing the mixture.
[0124] A coupling agent is coated on at least one side of the functional layer, and then plasma treatment is performed to prepare butyl rubber for photovoltaic modules.
[0125] In some embodiments, the mixing conditions include: mixing under sealed conditions, and mixing at a temperature of 110-130°C, which can be 120°C.
[0126] In some embodiments, the conditions for ultrasonic dispersion include: a temperature of 75-85°C, which can be 80°C; and a time of 25-35 min, which can be 30 min.
[0127] In some embodiments, the conditions for plasma treatment include: using nitrogen as plasma; a power of 200-400W, which can be 300W; and a time of 3-7 minutes, which can be 5 minutes.
[0128] This application describes a process where a coupling agent is coated onto the surface of the functional layer, followed by plasma treatment. This process can enhance the interface and improve the bonding strength of the butyl sealant in the photovoltaic module.
[0129] The third aspect of this application provides the application of the photovoltaic module butyl rubber described in the first aspect or the photovoltaic module butyl rubber prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect in the encapsulation of photovoltaic modules.
[0130] The butyl rubber for photovoltaic modules in this application has high light transmittance and is suitable for applications requiring high light transmittance, such as photovoltaic module encapsulation.
[0131] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. For experimental methods in the following embodiments where specific conditions are not specified, please refer to the guidelines given in this application, or follow experimental manuals or conventional conditions in the art, or follow the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, or refer to experimental methods known in the art.
[0132] Example 1
[0133] The composition of butyl tape: a 250μm functional layer and an 80μm adhesive layer;
[0134] The functional layer is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts brominated butyl rubber (purchased from Shanghai Yongzheng Chemical, brand name BIIR 2030, Mooney viscosity ML 1+8 @125°C: 38±5), 35 parts carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative (polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, purchased from Jinzhou Chenghua, brand name PIBSA 1000, number average molecular weight 1000, acid value 70mg KOH / g), 5 parts self-healing network agent, and 0.8 parts light conversion agent;
[0135] The adhesive layer is composed of a coupling agent;
[0136] The mass ratio of the functional layer to the adhesive layer is 75:25;
[0137] The preparation method of the self-healing network agent is as follows:
[0138] A cystamine disulfide-containing aminopolysiloxane, which is a self-healing network agent, is prepared by reacting hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with isocyanate-based propyltriethoxysilane and then subjecting it to an aminolysis reaction with cystamine (dihydrochloride). The structure of the cystamine disulfide-containing aminopolysiloxane is as follows:
[0139] [RO-(SiR'2-O) m -(SiR''(NH-(CH2)2-SS-(CH2)2-NH2)-O) n -SiR'2-OR];
[0140] Wherein, R, R' and R'' are all selected from methyl (-CH3), m and n are the degree of polymerization, m is 150, n is 20, and n / (m+n) is 0.1.
[0141] The preparation method of the light conversion agent is as follows:
[0142] 2.44 g EuCl3 (0.010 mol), 4.22 g dibenzoylmethane (0.019 mol), and 1.32 g 1,10-phenanthroline (0.007 mol) were stirred in 200 mL of ethanol to carry out a complexation reaction. The conditions for the complexation reaction were: temperature 60 °C, reaction time 12 h, and stirring speed 600 rpm. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, washed with ethanol, and vacuum dried to prepare the core of the optically converting agent (Eu(DBM)3Phen). Using the sol-gel method, 1.0 g of the core was dispersed in a mixed solution of 200 mL ethanol and 50 mL water and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. 5 mL of ammonia water (ammonia concentration 26.5%) was added. The mixture was heated to 50°C under mechanical stirring. Then, 20 mL of an ethanol solution containing 1.0 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was slowly added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the reaction was continued at 50°C for 12 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h. The product was separated by centrifugation and washed with ethanol and water to obtain SiO2-coated core-shell particles (SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen). Then, SiO2 was grafted and modified with octadecyltrimethoxysilane. Specifically, the SiO2-coated core-shell particles were dispersed in 100 mL of toluene, 0.5 g of octadecyltrimethoxysilane was added, and the mixture was refluxed at 110°C for 12 h. After centrifugation, the mixture was washed with toluene and dried under vacuum to prepare the octadecyltrimethoxysilane-grafted and modified light-converting agent (C18-SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen).
[0143] The coupling agent is prepared as follows:
[0144] 0.05 mol of isopropyltris(dioctylpyrophosphoryloxy)titanate (NDZ-201) and 0.0025 mol of cerium ammonium nitrate were dissolved in 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol for a bridging reaction. The reaction was stirred at 60 °C for 4 h, and the solvent was removed by vacuum evaporation to prepare the coupling agent.
[0145] The preparation method of butyl tape is as follows:
[0146] The brominated butyl rubber and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative were mixed in a sealed environment at 120°C for 15 minutes. After mixing, a self-healing network agent and a light-converting agent were added, and the mixture was ultrasonically dispersed at 80°C for 30 minutes to prepare the functional layer.
[0147] The surface of the functional layer is coated with Ce-containing material 3+ After adding the coupling agent, nitrogen plasma treatment (power 300W, time 5min) is performed to prepare butyl tape.
[0148] Example 2
[0149] Example 2 has the same composition as Example 1, except that "5 parts self-healing network agent" is replaced with "7.5 parts self-healing network agent"; butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 1.
[0150] Example 3
[0151] Example 3 has the same composition as Example 1, except that "5 parts self-healing network agent" is replaced with "10 parts self-healing network agent"; butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 1.
[0152] Example 4
[0153] Example 4 has the same composition as Example 1, except that: "5 parts self-healing network agent" is replaced with "7.5 parts self-healing network agent" and "0.8 parts light conversion agent" is replaced with "0.5 parts light conversion agent"; butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 1.
[0154] Example 5
[0155] Example 5 has the same composition as Example 1, except that "5 parts self-healing network agent" is replaced with "7.5 parts self-healing network agent" and "0.8 parts light conversion agent" is replaced with "1 part light conversion agent"; butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 1.
[0156] Comparative Example 1
[0157] Comparative Example 1 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that: no self-healing network agent was used; and butyl tape was prepared according to the method of Example 1.
[0158] Comparative Example 2
[0159] Comparative Example 2 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that "5 parts of self-healing network agent" is replaced with "2 parts of self-healing network agent"; and butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 1.
[0160] Comparative Example 3
[0161] Comparative Example 3 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that: no light-converting agent was used; and butyl tape was prepared according to the method of Example 2.
[0162] Comparative Example 4
[0163] Comparative Example 4 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that "0.8 parts of light conversion agent" is replaced with "0.2 parts of light conversion agent"; and butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 2.
[0164] Comparative Example 5
[0165] Comparative Example 5 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that "0.8 parts of light conversion agent" is replaced with "1.5 parts of light conversion agent"; and butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 2.
[0166] Comparative Example 6
[0167] Comparative Example 6 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that: in the step of preparing the light-converting agent, SiO2-coated core-shell particles were not prepared, and octadecyltrimethoxysilane was not used to graft and modify SiO2; specifically: the "core of the light-converting agent (Eu(DBM)3Phen)" from Example 2 was used as the light-converting agent; butyl tape was prepared according to the method of Example 2.
[0168] Comparative Example 7
[0169] Comparative Example 7 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that: in the step of preparing the light-converting agent, octadecyltrimethoxysilane graft modification was not used to graft SiO2; specifically, the "SiO2-coated core-shell particles (SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen)" prepared in Example 2 was used as the light-converting agent, and butyl tape was prepared according to the method of Example 2.
[0170] Comparative Example 8
[0171] Comparative Example 5 has a composition that is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that "7.5 parts self-healing agent" is replaced with "15 parts self-healing agent"; and butyl tape is prepared according to the method of Example 2.
[0172] Experimental Example 1
[0173] (1) The bonding strength and light transmittance of the butyl tapes of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were determined. The same small photovoltaic modules were encapsulated using the butyl tapes of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-8. The encapsulated small photovoltaic modules were subjected to PID testing (accelerated aging test using IEC 62804 standard, applying a negative bias voltage of 1000V for 96h at 85℃ and 85% humidity) to determine the efficiency degradation rate of the small photovoltaic modules. Then, the encapsulated small photovoltaic modules were placed at room temperature for 24h to determine the recovery of the efficiency degradation rate of the small photovoltaic modules and observe the self-repair effect.
[0174] Test method for bond strength: GB / T 2790-1995 "Test method for 180° peel strength of adhesives, flexible materials versus rigid materials".
[0175] Test method for light transmittance: GB / T 2410-2008 "Determination of light transmittance and haze of transparent plastics".
[0176] Method for determining the efficiency degradation rate of small photovoltaic modules: IEC 60904-1:2020.
[0177] The formula for calculating the relative change rate of η (electricity conversion efficiency) is:
[0178] The relative rate of change of η (%) = [(ηsample - ηbenchmark) / ηbenchmark] × 100%
[0179] Wherein, η_sample represents the power conversion efficiency (%) of the test sample.
[0180] The η benchmark is the power conversion efficiency of Comparative Example 3 (20.00%).
[0181] Small photovoltaic module: upright perovskite cell, the structural sequence is 1. glass substrate 2. transparent conductive oxide layer 3. electron transport layer 4. perovskite absorber layer 5. hole transport layer 6. metal electrode.
[0182] The performance of small photovoltaic modules before and after encapsulation is shown in Table 1.
[0183] Table 1. PID test results of small photovoltaic modules
[0184]
[0185]
[0186] "-" indicates that it has not been added.
[0187] The results are shown in Table 1:
[0188] After the butyl tapes of Examples 1-5 of this application were used to encapsulate small photovoltaic modules, their transmittance and bonding strength remained at a high level after PID testing, and the bonding strength was significantly restored after 24 hours of room temperature repair. This shows that the "microphase separation" structure of the butyl tape can remain stable under harsh environments and effectively exert its self-healing function to maintain long-term sealing reliability.
[0189] Comparing Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-2, and Comparative Example 8, Examples 1-3, using 5, 7.5, and 10 parts of self-healing network agent respectively, showed significant self-healing capabilities (efficiency recovery rate of 65%-77.5%) after 24 hours of room temperature repair following PID testing, with Example 2 (using 7.5 parts of self-healing network agent) exhibiting the best overall performance. Comparative Example 1 (without self-healing network agent) showed almost no self-healing capability, while Comparative Example 2 (using 2 parts of self-healing network agent) showed limited repair capability (efficiency recovery rate of 30.5%). This indicates that self-healing network agent is indispensable in butyl tape and that there is an optimal addition range (5-10 parts). Excessive addition (15 parts) in Comparative Example 8 resulted in a decrease in repair efficiency due to excessively high crosslinking density, consistent with the trend of decreasing initial bond strength with increasing dosage.
[0190] Comparing Examples 2, 4-5, and 3-5, compared to Comparative Example 3 which did not use a light-converting agent, Examples 2 and 4-5 used 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0 parts of the light-converting agent C18-SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen, respectively. After encapsulating the small photovoltaic modules with butyl tape, and undergoing a 24-hour room temperature recovery period following PID testing, all examples showed an improvement in the relative power conversion efficiency of the modules (an increase of 1.7%-2.2%). Example 2 (using 0.8 parts of the light-converting agent C18-SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen) showed the best effect. Comparative Example 4 (using 0.2 parts of the light-converting agent C18-SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen) showed a slight gain in relative power conversion, while Comparative Example 5 (using 1.5 parts of the light-converting agent C18-SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen) resulted in a decrease in relative power conversion efficiency. This is because excessive light-converting agent causes severe light scattering, leading to a decrease in efficiency.
[0191] Comparing Example 2 and Comparative Examples 6-7, compared to the light-converting agent used in Example 2, Comparative Example 6 used the "core of the light-converting agent (Eu(DBM)3Phen)" from Example 2 as the light-converting agent. Because the core of the light-converting agent is prone to aggregation and degradation, the transmittance, relative power conversion efficiency (+1.5%), adhesion strength, and anti-PID ability all decreased across the board. Comparative Example 7 used "SiO2-coated core-shell particles (SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen)" prepared in Example 2 as the light-converting agent. Due to its poor dispersibility, although its performance was better than Comparative Example 6, it was still significantly lower than that of Example 2. This fully demonstrates the necessity of using a hydrophobically modified SiO2 shell layer in the light-converting agent.
[0192] (2) The same small photovoltaic modules were encapsulated using the butyl tapes of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-8, respectively. Under standard test conditions (STC, 25°C, AM1.5G, 1000W / m) 2Under the conditions of solar simulator and high-precision source meter, the average short-circuit current (Isc) and maximum output power (Pmax) of each packaged component are measured, and the power conversion efficiency (η) is calculated. Based on the average short-circuit current and power conversion efficiency of Comparative Example 3, the relative change rate of average short-circuit current and the relative change rate of power conversion efficiency of each packaged component are calculated.
[0193] Power conversion efficiency (η) = (Pmax / Pin) × 100%;
[0194] Pmax = Vmp × Imp;
[0195] Pin = Incident irradiance × Effective area of the module;
[0196] Where Pmax represents the maximum output power (in W), Vmp represents the operating voltage of the photovoltaic module at the maximum power point (in V), and Imp represents the operating current of the photovoltaic module at the maximum power point (in A).
[0197] The results are shown in Table 2.
[0198] Table 2 Initial performance of each package component
[0199]
[0200] "-" indicates that it has not been added.
[0201] The results in Table 2 are as follows:
[0202] Comparing Examples 2, 4-5, and Comparative Examples 3-5, compared to Comparative Example 3 (the baseline) without a light-converting agent, the short-circuit current (Isc) and power conversion efficiency (η) of the encapsulated components were improved after encapsulation with the butyl tapes of Examples 2, 4-5, and Comparative Example 4. Example 2 (using 0.8 parts of light-converting agent) showed the best gain in the relative rate of change of η (+2.20%). When the amount of light-converting agent was 0.2 parts (Comparative Example 4), the gain in the relative rate of change of η was slight (+0.70%); when the amount of light-converting agent was too high, up to 1.5 parts (Comparative Example 5), the relative rate of change of η actually decreased. This is because Rayleigh scattering leads to light loss, thereby reducing the performance of the encapsulated component. This proves that there is an optimal range (0.5-1.0 parts) for the amount of light-converting agent.
[0203] Comparing Example 2 and Comparative Examples 6-7, Example 2, using a core-shell structure and C18 grafted light-converting agent, exhibited the best relative change rate of η in its encapsulated component (+2.20%). Compared to Example 2, Comparative Example 6 used a light-converting agent core without a SiO2 shell (the "core of the light-converting agent (Eu(DBM)3Phen)" from Example 2) as the light-converting agent, and its relative change rate of η in the encapsulated component decreased from +2.20% to +1.50%. This is because the core of the light-converting agent is prone to aggregation and photoquenching. Comparative Example 7 used a light-converting agent with a SiO2 shell but without grafting (the "SiO2-coated core-shell particles (SiO2@Eu(DBM)3Phen)" prepared in Example 2), and its relative change rate of efficiency in the encapsulated component was still significantly lower than that of Example 2. This is because the SiO2-coated core-shell particles have poor dispersion in the butyl rubber matrix. This fully demonstrates that the "core-shell structure" and "surface hydrophobic grafting" are beneficial for achieving the best performance of the light-converting agent.
[0204] (3) Test the interface durability of the butyl tape of Example 1 of this application.
[0205] The adhesive layer surface of the butyl tape from Example 1 was subjected to plasma treatment under the following conditions: nitrogen atmosphere, power 300W, and time 3min. Then, 200 thermal cycles (-40℃ to 85℃) were performed, and the interfacial stability and sealing reliability of the butyl tape were measured and observed.
[0206] No delamination was observed between the functional layer and the adhesive layer, or between the adhesive layer and the photovoltaic module glass. The test standards and results are shown in Table 3.
[0207] Table 3 Performance of butyl tape in Example 1
[0208]
[0209] The specific measurement steps of the incision stretching method are as follows in Table 3:
[0210] a) Prepare dumbbell-shaped standard specimens (GB / T 528 Type I);
[0211] b) Take a group of specimens (n≥5) and determine their average initial breaking strength (σ0) under the tensile test conditions of room temperature (25±2℃) and tensile rate of 500 mm / min.
[0212] c) Take another set of samples (n≥5), cut them completely at the middle of their gauge length with a sharp blade, immediately put the fresh cut surfaces together, and let them stand at 25°C in the dark for 24 hours.
[0213] d) Determine the average breaking strength (σ) of the repaired specimen under tensile testing conditions at room temperature (25℃) and a tensile rate of 500 mm / min. r);
[0214] e) According to the formula η = (σ r Calculate the self-healing efficiency using ( / σ0) × 100%.
[0215] The fluorescence quantum yield test method employs an absolute method and is performed using a fluorescence spectrometer (Hitachi F-7000) equipped with an integrating sphere accessory. The specific steps are as follows:
[0216] 1. Sample preparation: Cut the butyl tape sample into an appropriate size and fix it on the integrating sphere sample holder, ensuring that its surface is flat and does not block the light path inside the integrating sphere;
[0217] 2. Excitation light settings: Set the excitation wavelength to 380 nm, and the excitation and emission slit widths to 1-5 nm to obtain sufficient signal strength and avoid excessive noise;
[0218] 3. Spectral acquisition: Scan the emission spectrum of the sample in the integrating sphere, covering the range of 550 nm to 700 nm, and find its maximum emission peak (614 nm).
[0219] 4. Absorption Spectrum: The absorption of the sample under 380 nm excitation light is directly measured using the integrating sphere attachment; then, the instrument's quantum yield calculation software will automatically calculate the fluorescence quantum yield, which is the ultraviolet conversion efficiency, according to the following formula:
[0220] Fluorescence quantum yield (Φ) = [number of emitted photons] / [number of absorbed photons].
[0221] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0222] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A butyl tape, characterized in that, It includes a functional layer and an adhesive layer disposed on at least one surface of the functional layer; The functional layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts brominated butyl rubber, 30-40 parts carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative, 5-10 parts self-healing network agent, and 0.5-1 part light conversion agent; The self-healing network agent includes an amino polysiloxane containing cystamine disulfide bonds; The light-converting agent comprises a core and a shell disposed on the surface of the core. The core comprises a europium-dibenzoylmethane complex, and the shell comprises hydrophobically modified SiO2. The adhesive layer includes a coupling agent.
2. The butyl tape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acid value of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is 30-150 mg KOH / g; Optionally, the number-average molecular weight of the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is 500-5000 g / mol; Optionally, the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative has a melt index of 0.5-2.0 g / 10 min at 230 °C; Optionally, the carboxylated polyisobutylene derivative is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.
3. The butyl tape according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The structure of the amino polysiloxane containing cystamine disulfide bonds is as follows: [RO-(SiR'2-O) m -(SiR''(NH-(CH2)2-S-S-(CH2)2-NH2)-O) n -SiR'2-OR]; Wherein, R, R', and R''' are independently selected from C1-C4 alkyl groups; m and n are the degree of polymerization, and n / (m+n) is 0.05-0.
3.
4. The butyl tape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophobically modified SiO2 includes SiO2 grafted with C18 alkylsilane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloyloxysilane or isocyanate-based silane. Optionally, the C18 alkylsilane includes octadecyltrimethoxysilane; Optionally, the methacryloxysilane includes γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; Optionally, the isocyanate-based silane includes 3-isocyanate-based propyltriethoxysilane.
5. The butyl tape according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light-converting agent is prepared by the following method: The core was prepared by complexing EuCl3, dibenzoylmethane and 1,10-phenanthroline. The sol-gel method was used to coat SiO2 onto the outer layer of the core, and then hydrophobically modified SiO2 was prepared by reacting C18 alkylsilane, polyisobutylene-grafted silane, methacryloyloxysilane or isocyanate-based silane to prepare a light-converting agent. Optionally, the molar ratio of EuCl3, dibenzoylmethane, and 1,10-phenanthroline is 1:(1.8-3.2):(0.7-1.1).
6. The butyl tape according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coupling agent is prepared by the following method: The coupling agent is prepared by bridging titanate coupling agent, cerium ammonium nitrate and anhydrous ethanol.
7. The butyl tape according to claim 6, characterized in that, It meets at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The titanate coupling agent includes isopropyl tris(dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate; (2) The molar ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the cerium ammonium nitrate is (15-25):1; (3) The molar volume ratio of the cerium ammonium nitrate and the anhydrous ethanol is (2-3) mmol:100mL; (4) The conditions for the bridging reaction include: a reaction temperature of 50-70℃; and a reaction time of 3-5h; (5) After the titanate coupling agent, cerium ammonium nitrate and anhydrous ethanol are bridged, the step of removing the solvent is also included. The method of removing the solvent includes vacuum evaporation.
8. The butyl tape according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the functional layer is 200-300 μm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 50-100 μm.
9. The method for preparing butyl tape according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The functional layer is prepared by mixing brominated butyl rubber and carboxylated polyisobutylene derivatives, then adding a self-healing network agent and a light-converting agent, and ultrasonically dispersing the mixture. A coupling agent is coated on at least one surface of the functional layer, and then plasma treatment is performed to prepare butyl tape.
10. The application of the butyl tape according to any one of claims 1-8 or the butyl tape prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9 in photovoltaic module encapsulation.