Daily regulation reservoir large-water-level variable-amplitude fishway single-outlet arrangement structure

Abstract

The invention provides a daily regulation reservoir large-water-level variable-amplitude fishway single-outlet arrangement structure which comprises a vertical seam type fishway and a rest regulation pool, the vertical seam type fishway is provided with a fishway outlet section connected with an upstream reservoir, the fishway outlet section is provided with a single outlet, and the outlet is provided with a water quantity regulation overflow device. The water quantity adjusting overflow device comprises an overflow opening which is formed in the top of the fishway outlet section and is adjustable in opening degree so as to control the outflow flow of downstream fishway pond chambers under different reservoir water levels, and the rest adjusting pond is embedded in the vertical seam type fishway and is directly connected to the downstream of the fishway outlet section. When the top of the fishway outlet section forms a large flow speed due to the high water level of the reservoir, a rest space is provided for migratory fishes. The outlet structure is simplified fundamentally, the complex project that a plurality of fixed-elevation outlets are arranged due to great change of the water level of the reservoir is avoided, and the project amount and construction cost of the fishway outlet section and accessory structures of the fishway outlet section are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fishway engineering technology, specifically to a single-outlet fishway layout structure for a large-scale daily water level variation reservoir. Background Technology

[0002] Fishways, serving as connecting channels between upstream and downstream sections of dammed rivers, play a crucial role in facilitating fish migration, promoting gene exchange among aquatic organisms, maintaining river connectivity, and preserving ecosystem integrity. The design of fishway outlets is a key issue in fishway engineering, as their arrangement affects fish passage efficiency and water flow. Currently, for reservoirs with large daily water level fluctuations, multiple fishway outlets are typically required to accommodate varying reservoir elevations. This necessitates fish constantly changing fishway outlets based on usage patterns as they migrate upstream towards the outlets. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale, daily-regulating reservoir. This invention fundamentally simplifies the outlet structure, avoiding the complex engineering required for setting up multiple fixed-elevation outlets due to significant reservoir water level fluctuations, and greatly reducing the engineering workload and construction costs of the fishway outlet section and its ancillary structures.

[0004] This invention provides a single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale water level regulation reservoir, comprising a vertical slotted fishway and a resting regulation pool. The vertical slotted fishway has an outlet section connected to the upstream reservoir, and the outlet section is configured with a single outlet. A water flow regulating overflow device is installed at the outlet, including an overflow port formed at the top of the outlet section with an adjustable opening, to control the outflow rate of the downstream fishway pool chamber under different reservoir water levels. The resting regulation pool is embedded in the vertical slotted fishway and directly connected to the downstream of the outlet section, providing resting space for migratory fish when a large flow velocity is formed at the top of the outlet section due to high reservoir water level. An overflow pipe is connected to the side wall of the resting regulation pool.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the vertical slit fishway is provided with multiple fishway chambers arranged sequentially along the water flow direction, the length of each resting and regulating pool is set to be twice or more the length of a single fishway chamber, and the width of each resting and regulating pool is set to be twice or more the width of a single fishway chamber.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the connection port between the resting and regulating pool and the upstream fishway outlet section, and the connection port with the downstream fishway, are aligned along the water flow direction in the plane, and are all located at the same side wall adjacent to the resting and regulating pool.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water depth of the fishway section downstream of the resting and regulating pool is less than the water depth of the resting and regulating pool.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom plate of the fishway outlet section is sloped with a gradient of 1.5% to 3.5%.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the vertical slotted fishway includes side walls on both sides and a bottom plate, and the overflow pipe is disposed on the side wall away from the connection port connected to the upstream fishway outlet section.

[0010] The beneficial effects provided by this invention are as follows: This invention simplifies the outlet structure by setting the fishway outlet to a single outlet and automatically adjusting the outlet flow rate under different reservoir water levels using a water flow regulating overflow device. This avoids the complex engineering required for setting multiple fixed-elevation outlets due to large fluctuations in reservoir water levels, and significantly reduces the engineering workload and construction costs of the fishway outlet section and its ancillary structures.

[0011] The water flow regulating overflow device of this invention can stabilize the flow velocity and flow rate from the resting and regulating pool to the fishway outlet section within a suitable range for fish to swim upstream, significantly improving the efficiency of fish upstream passage under varying water levels. Simultaneously, the centralized and controllable single-outlet design, combined with the precise regulation of the overflow device, effectively reduces the total water volume in the fishway compared to multiple outlets in a free overflow system, thus conserving valuable water resources.

[0012] This invention features a rest and regulation pool at the fishway exit section, which not only provides crucial energy recovery and temporary rearing space for fish swimming upstream during periods of high flow velocity, ensuring their success rate, but also plays a secondary role in hydraulic energy dissipation and flow stabilization, reducing the amount of engineering work required for the main structure of the downstream fishway and improving the overall reliability and economy of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a side view of a fishway single-outlet arrangement structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of a single-outlet fishway arrangement structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water volume regulating overflow device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the plan layout of the fishway outlet section provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fishway single-outlet arrangement structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Attached reference numerals: 1-Vertical slotted fishway; 2-Rest and regulation pool; 3-Fishway outlet section; 4-Water volume regulation overflow device; 5-Overflow outlet; 6-Fishway pool chamber; 7-Side wall; 8-Bottom plate; 9-Fishway partition; 10-Overflow pipe; 11-Downstream fishway. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific examples. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For better illustration of this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings for those skilled in the art. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale water level regulation reservoir includes a vertical slit fishway 1 and a resting and regulating pool 2. The vertical slit fishway 1 has a fishway outlet section 3 connected to the upstream reservoir. The fishway outlet section 3 is configured with a single outlet, and a water flow regulating overflow device 4 is installed at the outlet. The water flow regulating overflow device 4 includes an overflow port 5 formed at the top of the fishway outlet section 3 with an adjustable opening, so as to control the outflow of the downstream fishway pool chamber under different reservoir water levels. The resting and regulating pool 2 is embedded in the vertical slit fishway 1 and directly connected to the downstream of the fishway outlet section 3. It is used to provide a buffer and resting space for migratory fish when a large flow velocity is formed at the top of the fishway outlet section 3 due to the high water level of the reservoir.

[0019] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the water volume regulating overflow device 4 is specifically configured as a flap gate. This flap gate is installed at the fishway outlet section 3, and its gate opening elevation is lower than the normal water level of the upstream reservoir to ensure that a stable and controllable overflow can be formed at the fishway outlet under the reservoir's operating water level.

[0020] The elevation of the bottom plate 8 of section 3 of the fishway outlet is 3366.50m, and the reservoir operating water level is 3367.00m~3374.00m. When the reservoir water level is below 3371m, the flap gate does not operate. When the reservoir water level is above 3371m, the gate height needs to be adjusted once for every 0.5m change in the reservoir water level. The water depth at the bottom of the gate opening does not exceed 1m.

[0021] The vertical slit fishway 1 is sequentially arranged with multiple fishway chambers 6 along the water flow direction. The length of each resting and regulating pool 2 is set to be twice or more the length of a single fishway chamber 6, and the width of each resting and regulating pool 2 is set to be twice or more the width of a single fishway chamber 6.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, the vertical slotted fishway 1 includes two side walls 7 and a bottom plate 8. Fishway partitions 9 are arranged on both side walls 7, and the fishway partitions 9 on the two side walls 7 are arranged alternately. Between two adjacent partitions on the same side wall 7 is a fishway chamber 6. Each chamber is connected by a vertical slot left by the fishway partitions 9 between the two side walls 7, forming a continuous flow channel.

[0023] The connection points of the resting and regulating pool 2 with the upstream fishway outlet section 3 and with the downstream fishway 11 are aligned along the water flow direction on the plane and are all located on the same side wall adjacent to the resting and regulating pool 2.

[0024] The water depth in the fishway section downstream of the resting and regulating pond 2 is less than the water depth in the resting and regulating pond 2 itself. In this embodiment, the maximum water depth of the upstream fishway outlet section 3 and the resting and regulating pond 2 is 7.5m. By setting up the resting and regulating pond 2, the water depth in the fishway section downstream of the resting and regulating pond 2 can be adjusted to 1.5m.

[0025] The rest and regulation pool of the present invention has the following functions: First, by setting up the resting and regulating pool 2, the water flow discharged from the fishway outlet section 3 can be effectively dissipated and homogenized, thereby reducing the hydraulic load directly acting on the main body of the fishway 11 downstream of the resting and regulating pool. This means that the depth of the pool chamber in the downstream fishway does not need to be too large during the design process, effectively reducing the amount of civil engineering excavation and saving construction costs while ensuring the necessary water depth for fish passage.

[0026] Secondly, when the upstream reservoir is operating at a high water level, the water flow velocity at the fishway outlet is relatively high. At this time, migratory fish cannot directly enter the reservoir area through the overflow outlet 5 of the water flow regulating overflow device 4. The resting regulating pool 2 and its adjacent fishway outlet section 3 together form a slow-flowing area with low velocity, providing temporary space for fish to stay and rest. After the upstream reservoir water level drops and the outlet flow velocity conditions improve, the fish can easily enter the reservoir through the water flow regulating overflow device 4.

[0027] Third, the maximum flow rate of a conventional fishway with a single outlet can reach 1.97m³. 3 / s, the maximum flow rate of this invention is 1.34m³ / s. 3 / s, which can save 32% of water resources.

[0028] The bottom plate 8 of the fishway outlet section 3 is sloped, with a slope of 1.5% to 3.5%.

[0029] An overflow pipe 10 is connected to the side wall of the resting and regulating pool 2. The overflow pipe 10 is located on the side wall away from the connection port that connects to the upstream fishway outlet section 3.

[0030] Based on the description and accompanying drawings of this invention, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the single-outlet fishway arrangement structure of the daily regulating reservoir with large water level fluctuation according to this invention, and can produce the positive effects described in this invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe orientation or positional relationships in this invention are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale daily water level regulation reservoir, characterized in that: The system includes a vertical slotted fishway and a resting and regulating pond. The vertical slotted fishway has an outlet section connected to the upstream reservoir. The outlet section is a single-outlet system with a water flow regulating overflow device at the outlet. The overflow device includes an overflow port formed at the top of the outlet section with an adjustable opening to control the outflow rate of the downstream fishway chamber at different reservoir water levels. The resting and regulating pond is embedded in the vertical slotted fishway and directly connected to the downstream of the outlet section. It provides a resting space for migratory fish when the flow velocity is high at the top of the outlet section due to the high water level in the reservoir. An overflow pipe is connected to the side wall of the resting and regulating pond.

2. The single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale daily water level fluctuation reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical slit fishway is arranged with multiple fishway chambers in sequence along the water flow direction. The length of each resting and regulating pool is set to be twice or more the length of a single fishway chamber, and the width of each resting and regulating pool is set to be twice or more the width of a single fishway chamber.

3. The single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale daily water level fluctuation reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection points between the resting and regulating pool and the upstream fishway outlet section, as well as the connection points with the downstream fishway, are aligned along the water flow direction in the plane and are all located on the same side wall adjacent to the resting and regulating pool.

4. The single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale daily water level fluctuation reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water depth in the fishway section downstream of the resting and regulating pond is less than the water depth of the resting and regulating pond itself.

5. The single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale daily water level fluctuation reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the fishway outlet section is sloped, with a slope of 1.5% to 3.5%.

6. The single-outlet fishway arrangement structure for a large-scale daily water level fluctuation reservoir according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical slotted fishway includes side walls on both sides and a bottom plate, and the overflow pipe is located on the side wall away from the connection port that connects to the upstream fishway outlet section.

Images