A grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement

Abstract

This invention provides a grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement, relating to the field of grouting anchor technology. It includes a grouting installation component with an expansion member mounted on it. The expansion member is used for expansion support; a sealing pad is mounted on the grouting installation component; a support protection component is provided on the outer side of the grouting installation component; and a detection locking component is mounted on the support protection component. The detection locking component can detect displacement of the anchor body, providing a direct alert to supervisors when displacement occurs. A stop shaft automatically locks the detection shaft, ensuring the loosening alert remains active when the anchor body becomes loose. This solves the problem of existing grouting anchors being inconvenient for real-time monitoring of displacement deviation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grouting anchor technology, and more particularly to a grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel reinforcement projects, grouting anchors are a key means to reinforce the rock and soil and significantly improve the structural stability. By injecting high-performance grout into pre-drilled holes, the grout penetrates and fills along the rock and soil fracture network. After installing grouting anchors, it is also convenient for subsequent mesh construction and enhances the safety of the tunnel inner wall.

[0003] Existing grouting anchors typically require the use of backing plates during grouting to prevent grout leakage. When grouting the curved sidewalls or roof of tunnels, the end of the anchor is higher than the grouting position at the tail. Direct grouting makes it difficult to quickly release air pressure from the grouting hole, affecting the grouting effect and hindering auxiliary air release. Furthermore, current grouting anchors are not easy to monitor displacement deviation in real time after grouting, especially when the grout has solidified for a period of time. If the anchor is bumped or loosened during construction, it can easily damage the connection between the anchor and the grout, affecting the anchoring strength. Even if the anchor is displaced by external forces and recovers through its own elasticity, it still compresses the semi-solidified grout on the outside, creating gaps. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure relates to a grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement, which solves the problem that existing grouting anchors are not convenient for real-time monitoring of their displacement deviation.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a grouting anchor bolt for tunnel reinforcement, specifically comprising a grouting installation component, wherein an expansion component is installed on the grouting installation component; characterized in that: a sealing pad is installed on the grouting installation component; a support and protection component is provided on the outer side of the grouting installation component; a detection and locking component is installed on the support and protection component; the detection and locking component is used to lock the monitoring results; the grouting installation component includes: an anchor bolt body and a connecting rod, wherein the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the anchor bolt body; and six rows of grouting through holes are provided on the outer side of the anchor bolt body.

[0006] In at least some embodiments, the grouting installation component further includes: a positioning bolt, a grouting pipe, and a detection reference ring; the positioning bolt is fixedly installed on the connecting rod; the grouting pipe is fixedly installed on the connecting rod; a valve is provided on the grouting pipe; the detection reference ring is fixedly installed on the connecting rod; and a V-shaped groove is provided on the detection reference ring.

[0007] In at least some embodiments, the grouting installation component further includes: an inner tube and a sealing cap, wherein the inner tube is fixedly installed on the connecting rod; the inner tube passes through the connecting rod; the inner tube is located inside the anchor body; the inner tube is used for venting; and the sealing cap is threaded onto the inner tube.

[0008] In at least some embodiments, the expansion member includes: an expansion mounting block, an expansion rod, and an expansion spring. The expansion mounting block is fixedly mounted on the end of the anchor bolt body. Two expansion rods are rotatably mounted on the expansion mounting block, and the ends of the two expansion rods are respectively inclined structures. An expansion spring is fixedly mounted inside the expansion mounting block, and the expansion spring has a V-shaped structure. The two ends of the expansion spring are respectively pressed and adhered to the inner sides of the two expansion rods. The maximum expansion angle of the two expansion mounting blocks is sixty degrees.

[0009] In at least some embodiments, the sealing pad component includes: a fastening pad and a sealing sleeve, wherein the fastening pad has four through holes; the four through holes on the fastening pad are used to install expansion bolts; the sealing sleeve is fixedly installed on the fastening pad; the outer side of the sealing sleeve has a beveled structure; the connecting rod is inserted into the fastening pad and the sealing sleeve; and the positioning bolt is threaded onto the fastening pad.

[0010] In at least some embodiments, the support protection component includes: a support mounting ring, support arms, and adjusting bolts. Two support arms are fixedly mounted on the support mounting ring, and two adjusting bolts are rotatably mounted on each of the two support arms. The support mounting ring is located outside the detection reference ring.

[0011] In at least some embodiments, the support protection component further includes: a positioning ring, which is threadedly connected to the rear side of the support mounting ring and is sleeved on the detection reference ring; the positioning ring is used to adjust the concentricity of the support mounting ring and the detection reference ring.

[0012] In at least some embodiments, the support and protective member further includes: a cover, a lower locking hole block, and an upper locking hole block, wherein the cover is slidably sleeved on the support mounting ring; the lower locking hole block is fixedly installed on the side of the support mounting ring; the upper locking hole block is fixedly installed on the cover; the lower locking hole block is inserted into the upper locking hole block; and the lower locking hole block and the upper locking hole block are provided with through holes for the lock to pass through.

[0013] In at least some embodiments, the detection locking element includes: a detection shaft, a marking groove, and a positioning annular groove. A detection shaft is slidably inserted into the support mounting ring, and the ends of the detection shaft are respectively inclined structures. The ends of the detection shaft are respectively attached to V-shaped grooves provided on the detection reference ring. A tension spring is respectively sleeved on the detection shaft, and the tension springs on the detection shaft are respectively connected between the detection shaft and the support mounting ring. A marking groove is respectively provided on the detection shaft, and the marking groove is located in the inner ring of the support mounting ring. A positioning annular groove is respectively provided on the detection shaft.

[0014] In at least some embodiments, the detection locking component further includes: a stop shaft, a stop shaft being slidably inserted into the support mounting ring, and the ends of the stop shaft being respectively attached to the outer side of the detection shaft; a spring being sleeved on the inner side of the support mounting ring, and the ends of the spring on the inner side of the support mounting ring being respectively connected to the tail of the stop shaft; the stop shaft is used for positioning by inserting into the positioning annular groove.

[0015] This invention provides a grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This invention employs a detection locking device to detect displacement of the anchor bolt body. When displacement occurs, it provides a direct alert to the supervisor. A stop shaft automatically locks the detection shaft, ensuring the loosening alert remains active even if the anchor bolt body becomes loose. This prevents the anchor bolt body from swinging and elastically returning to its original position due to external impacts, thus avoiding missed alerts for supervisors. The locking mechanism ensures that supervisors are promptly informed during regular inspections, facilitating further checks and ensuring a tight fit between the grout and the anchor bolt body, maintaining anchoring strength. The use of lower and upper locking blocks facilitates locking, preventing construction personnel from operating the stop shaft and ensuring only supervisors can operate it, further guaranteeing the standardization of construction procedures.

[0017] In addition, grouting installation components are used to assist in venting when the end of the anchor rod body is higher than the grouting pipe during grouting reinforcement work, ensuring smooth grouting and avoiding excessive air pressure in the grouting hole. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0019] The accompanying drawings described below are only related to some embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an integral structure of a grouting anchor bolt for tunnel reinforcement according to this application is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a grouting anchor bolt for tunnel reinforcement according to this application is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement according to this application is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grouting installation component of this application is shown;

[0025] Figure 5 This application shows Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure of region D in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 This application shows Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure of region E in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the enclosed pad component of this application is shown;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support and protective component of this application is shown;

[0029] Figure 9 This application shows a schematic diagram illustrating the positions of the lower locking hole block and the upper locking hole block;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the detection shaft in this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 11 This application shows Figure 10 Enlarged view of the structure of the J region.

[0032] List of reference numerals

[0033] 1. Grouting installation components; 101. Anchor bolt body; 102. Connecting rod; 103. Positioning bolt; 104. Grouting pipe; 105. Detection reference ring; 106. Inner through pipe; 107. Sealing cover; 2. Expansion components; 201. Expansion mounting block; 202. Outer expansion rod; 203. Expansion spring; 3. Sealing pad components; 301. Fastening pad; 302. Sealing sleeve; 4. Support and protection components; 401. Support mounting ring; 4011. Support arm; 4012. Adjusting bolt; 402. Positioning ring; 403. Cover; 404. Lower locking hole block; 405. Upper locking hole block; 5. Detection and locking components; 501. Detection shaft; 5011. Marking groove; 5012. Positioning annular groove; 502. Stop shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 :

[0036] This invention proposes a grouting anchor bolt for tunnel reinforcement, comprising a grouting installation component 1, on which an expansion component 2 is installed; characterized in that: a sealing pad 3 is installed on the grouting installation component 1; a support and protection component 4 is provided on the outside of the grouting installation component 1; a detection and locking component 5 is installed on the support and protection component 4; the detection and locking component 5 is used to lock the monitoring results; the grouting installation component 1 includes: an anchor bolt body 101 and a connecting rod 102, the anchor bolt body 101 is threadedly connected to the connecting rod 102; the outside of the anchor bolt body 101 is provided with six rows of grouting through holes; the connecting rod 102 is threaded.

[0037] In this embodiment, the grouting installation component 1 further includes: a positioning bolt 103, a grouting pipe 104, and a detection reference ring 105. The positioning bolt 103 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 102; the grouting pipe 104 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 102; a valve is provided on the grouting pipe 104; the detection reference ring 105 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 102; a V-shaped groove is provided on the detection reference ring 105; the grouting installation component 1 further includes: an inner through pipe 106 and a sealing cap 107, the inner through pipe 106 being fixedly installed on the connecting rod 102. Installed on the connecting rod 102; the inner tube 106 passes through the connecting rod 102; the inner tube 106 is located inside the anchor body 101; the inner tube 106 is used for venting; a sealing cap 107 is threaded onto the inner tube 106; the sealing pad 3 includes: a fastening pad 301 and a sealing sleeve 302, the fastening pad 301 has four through holes; the four through holes on the fastening pad 301 are used to install expansion bolts; the sealing sleeve 302 is fixedly installed on the fastening pad 301; the outer side of the sealing sleeve 302 The structure is a sloping surface; the connecting rod 102 is inserted into the fastening pad 301 and the sealing sleeve 302; the positioning bolt 103 is threaded onto the fastening pad 301. Using the grouting installation component 1, when the end of the anchor bolt body 101 is higher than the grouting pipe 104 during grouting reinforcement, venting is assisted to ensure smooth grouting and prevent excessive air pressure in the grouting hole, which could affect grouting and easily cause the fastening pad 301 to loosen. This structure is simple to control and can better adapt to different environments. For tunnel support work, when the grouting hole is tilted upwards, first install the fastening pad 301 on the inner wall of the tunnel with expansion bolts, and then tighten the positioning bolt 103 by threading the fastening pad 301. At this time, first remove the sealing cover 107, and then connect the grouting pipe 104 to the grouting pump normally. Open the valve on the grouting pipe 104 to grout. As the grouting liquid level rises, the top of the inner pipe 106 is vented in real time. When the grouting liquid level rises to the top of the inner pipe 106, it can be discharged from the inner pipe 106.

[0038] In this embodiment, the expansion member 2 includes: an expansion mounting block 201, an outer expansion rod 202, and an expansion spring 203. The expansion mounting block 201 is fixedly mounted on the end of the anchor bolt body 101. Two outer expansion rods 202 are rotatably mounted on the expansion mounting block 201, and the ends of the two outer expansion rods 202 are respectively inclined structures. An expansion spring 203 is fixedly mounted inside the expansion mounting block 201, and the expansion spring 203 has a V-shaped structure. The two ends of the expansion spring 203 are respectively pressed and attached to the inner sides of the two outer expansion rods 202. The maximum outward expansion angle of the two expansion mounting blocks 201 is sixty degrees. By using the expansion member 2, the inclined structure of the outer expansion rod 202 can be used to facilitate the insertion of grouting material into the end of the injection hole. Enlarging the hole helps to form a shape that is thicker at the end and thinner at the front. After grouting is completed, the grout inside is more stable, improving the grouting quality. The structure and operation are simple. The connecting rod 102 is threaded to the grouting hole drilling machine. First, the expansion mounting block 201 is moved to the end of the grouting hole through the grouting hole drilling machine. Then, the expansion mounting block 201 can be rotated while being pulled outward. During the process, the two outer expansion rods 202 can fit against the inner wall of the grouting hole under the elastic compression of the expansion spring 203. With the inclined structure of the two outer expansion rods 202, the ends will be squeezed and fit against the inner wall of the grouting hole when pulled outward, which can facilitate grinding and enlarging the hole.

[0039] In Example 2, based on Example 1, the support and protective component 4 includes: a support mounting ring 401, support arms 4011, and adjusting bolts 4012. Two support arms 4011 are fixedly mounted on the support mounting ring 401, and two adjusting bolts 4012 are rotatably mounted on each of the two support arms 4011. The support mounting ring 401 is located outside the detection reference ring 105. The support and protective component 4 also includes: a positioning ring 402, which is threaded to the rear side of the support mounting ring 401, and the support mounting ring 401 is sleeved on the detection reference ring 105. The positioning ring 402 is used to adjust the concentricity of the support mounting ring 401 and the detection reference ring 105. The use of the positioning ring 402 makes it easier for staff to accurately adjust the installation position of the support mounting ring 401, reduces the installation difficulty, ensures the accuracy of the support mounting ring 401 after installation, and makes adjustment simple and convenient, thus maintaining the accuracy of subsequent testing.

[0040] The support and protection component 4 also includes: a cover 403, a lower locking hole block 404, and an upper locking hole block 405. The cover 403 is slidably sleeved on the support mounting ring 401; the lower locking hole block 404 is fixedly installed on the side of the support mounting ring 401; the upper locking hole block 405 is fixedly installed on the cover 403; the lower locking hole block 404 is inserted into the upper locking hole block 405; the lower locking hole block 404 and the upper locking hole block 405 are provided with through holes for the lock to pass through; the through holes on the lower locking hole block 404 and the upper locking hole block 405 can allow the pin tumbler padlock to pass through for locking and protection; the detection and locking component 5 includes: a detection shaft 501, a marking groove 5011, and a positioning annular groove 5012. A detection shaft 501 is slidably inserted into the support mounting ring 401, and The ends of the detection shaft 501 are beveled; the ends of the detection shaft 501 are respectively attached to the V-shaped grooves on the detection reference ring 105; tension springs are respectively sleeved on the detection shaft 501, and the tension springs on the detection shaft 501 are respectively connected between the detection shaft 501 and the support mounting ring 401; marking grooves 5011 are respectively opened on the detection shaft 501, and the marking grooves 5011 are located on the inner ring of the support mounting ring 401; positioning annular grooves 5012 are respectively opened on the detection shaft 501; the detection locking component 5 also includes: a stop shaft 502, a stop shaft 502 is slidably inserted into the support mounting ring 401, and the ends of the stop shaft 502 are respectively attached to the outer ring of the detection shaft 501. On the side, a spring is sleeved inside the support mounting ring 401, and the ends of the spring inside the support mounting ring 401 are respectively connected to the tail of a stop shaft 502. The stop shaft 502 is used to be inserted into the positioning annular groove 5012 for positioning. The detection locking element 5 can detect the displacement of the anchor rod body 101. After the connecting rod 102 and the anchor rod body 101 are grouted, if the fastening pad 301 is loosened due to external impact, or if the anchor rod body 101 itself sinks, the detection is automatic, which is convenient for intuitively prompting the supervisor. The stop shaft 502 can automatically lock the detection shaft 501. When the anchor rod body 101 becomes loose, it ensures that the loosening prompt continues to exist, avoiding Anchor bolt body 101 swayed and then elastically reset due to external impact or other factors. The supervisor failed to check in time and missed the warning. A locking mechanism ensures that supervisors can be promptly notified during regular inspections, facilitating further checks and ensuring a tight fit between the grout and anchor bolt body 101, maintaining anchoring strength. The use of lower locking block 404 and upper locking block 405 facilitates locking, preventing construction personnel from manipulating the stop shaft 502, ensuring only supervisors can operate it, further guaranteeing construction standards. Supervisors can promptly detect any displacement of anchor bolt body 101, ensuring project quality. After the grout has cured, the support protection component 4 can be disassembled and reused, reducing costs.This structure avoids the high cost and cumbersome on-site procedures of traditional displacement sensor detection by directly using the marking groove 5011. It provides comprehensive detection, locking in the detection results even if displacement deviations cannot be eliminated. When the anchor bolt body 101 is affected by external forces, causing it to sway or settle, the detection reference ring 105 will press against the corresponding detection shaft 501. The detection shaft 501 retracts under pressure, and the stop shaft 502, under the pressure of the tail spring, will directly insert into the positioning annular groove 5012 for positioning. Once the detection shaft 501 retracts, it also retracts the marking groove 5011, which will then be covered by the support mounting ring 401. This allows supervisors to promptly detect any discrepancies.

[0041] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the connecting rod 102 is threaded to the grouting hole drilling machine. The expansion mounting block 201 is moved to the bottom of the grouting hole by the grouting hole drilling machine. Then, the expansion mounting block 201 can be rotated while being pulled outward. During the process, the two outer expansion rods 202 will fit against the inner wall of the grouting hole under the elastic compression of the expansion spring 203. The inclined structure of the two outer expansion rods 202 will make the ends more tightly squeezed against the inner wall of the grouting hole when pulled outward, which can facilitate grinding and hole expansion. At the same time, the expansion mounting block 201 can be stopped periodically, and the grouting pipe 104 can be connected to the blower pipe for hole cleaning. The air is exhausted from the six rows of grouting through holes on the outside of the anchor body 101 to assist in hole cleaning and optimize the current grouting hole shape.

[0042] When grouting horizontal or downward-sloping grouting holes, the anchor body 101 is inserted into the grouting hole. At this time, the sealing sleeve 302 is placed near the grouting hole, but not completely sealed. The grouting pipe 104 is connected to the grouting pump, and the valve on the grouting pipe 104 is opened to begin grouting. As grout overflows from the grouting hole, the sealing sleeve 302 can be quickly inserted into the grouting hole, and the fastening plate 301 is installed on the tunnel wall using expansion bolts. The positioning bolt 103 is threaded onto the fastening plate 301 for tightening, and then the grouting work continues, which is no different from the operation of traditional grouting anchors. When the grouting hole is upward-sloping, the fastening plate 301 needs to be installed first using expansion bolts. Bolts are installed on the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the positioning bolt 103 is threaded and fastened to the fastening pad 301. At this time, the sealing cover 107 is removed first, and then the grouting pipe 104 is connected to the grouting pump normally. The valve on the grouting pipe 104 is opened to grout. As the grouting liquid level rises, air is discharged from the top of the inner pipe 106. When the grouting liquid level rises to the top of the inner pipe 106, the grout can be discharged from the inner pipe 106. At this time, the workers can tighten the sealing cover 107 on the inner pipe 106 to seal it and continue the grouting work. The six rows of grouting through holes on the outside of the anchor bolt body 101 can discharge the grout and promote the grout to penetrate into the surrounding rock and soil.

[0043] When installing the support mounting ring 401, the positioning ring 402 is fitted onto the detection reference ring 105. Holes can be drilled in the tunnel wall first, and then the four adjusting bolts 4012 can be screwed into the pre-drilled holes in the tunnel wall. By rotating the adjusting bolts 4012 with a wrench, the front and rear positions of the support mounting ring 401 can be adjusted so that the detection shaft 501 aligns with the V-shaped groove of the detection reference ring 105. Then, the adjusting bolts 4012 can be further fixed to the rock in the tunnel wall with glue. If the surrounding rock of the tunnel is weak or has a lot of soil, it can be done first... Drill holes in the tunnel wall and pour concrete to form a reinforcement layer. After the concrete hardens, drill holes in the concrete for installation. After the support mounting ring 401 is accurately installed and each detection shaft 501 is in normal detection condition, insert the cover 403 into the support mounting ring 401 and lock it for protection. After ensuring that the support arm 4011 is installed stably, rotate the positioning ring 402 to remove it from the support mounting ring 401. This prevents the positioning ring 402 from being still fitted on the detection reference ring 105 and causing interference when the detection shaft 501 is detected to move.

[0044] During the stage of complete curing after grouting of the anchor bolt body 101, if it swings due to external forces or other factors, it will cause the detection reference ring 105 to directly press the detection shaft 501 on the corresponding side. After being compressed, the detection shaft 501 retracts, stretching the tension spring on the detection shaft 501. If the displacement exceeds the limit, the detection shaft 501 will drive the positioning annular groove 5012 to directly align with the stop shaft 502. Under the compression of the tail spring, the stop shaft 502 will directly insert into the positioning annular groove 5012 for positioning. Even if the anchor bolt body 101 elastically resets later, the locked detection shaft 501 can no longer fit against the detection reference ring 105. Once the detection shaft 501 retracts, it will also cause the marking groove 5011 to retract, and the marking groove 5011 will be covered by the support mounting ring 401. The system allows supervisors to promptly detect any instances of excessive displacement. If the anchor bolt body 101 sinks, the sinking will cause the V-shaped inclined surface on the detection reference ring 105 to press against the detection shaft 501. As described above, the detection shaft 501 will then retract and be locked in place by the stop shaft 502. Once the grout has fully cured, if the supervisor needs to use the support protection component 4 again, they can rotate the adjusting bolt 4012 to remove the support mounting ring 401. This will unlock the lock connecting the lower locking hole block 404 and the upper locking hole block 405. Afterwards, the cover 403 can be pulled out, and the stop shaft 502, which has been inserted into the positioning annular groove 5012, can be manually moved inward to release its lock on the detection shaft 501. The cover 403 can then be reinserted and locked for protection.

[0045] The following points should be noted in this article:

[0046] 1. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed herein only relate to the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed herein; other structures can be referred to in general design.

[0047] 2. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0048] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement, comprising a grouting mount (1) on which an expansion piece (2) is mounted; characterized in that: The grouting installation component (1) is equipped with a sealing pad component (3); The grouting installation component (1) is provided with a support and protection component (4) on its outer side; a detection and locking component (5) is installed on the support and protection component (4); The grouting installation component (1) includes: an anchor body (101), a connecting rod (102) and a detection reference ring (105). The anchor body (101) is threaded with the connecting rod (102). The anchor body (101) has six rows of grouting through holes on its outer side. The expansion component (2) includes: an expansion mounting block (201), an expansion rod (202), and an expansion spring (203). The expansion mounting block (201) is fixedly installed at the end of the anchor rod body (101). Two expansion rods (202) are rotatably mounted on the expansion mounting block (201), and the ends of the two expansion rods (202) are respectively inclined structures. An expansion spring (203) is fixedly installed inside the expansion mounting block (201), and the expansion spring (203) has a V-shaped structure. The two ends of the expansion spring (203) are respectively pressed and attached to the inner sides of the two expansion rods (202). The support and protective component (4) includes: a support mounting ring (401), a support arm (4011), and an adjusting bolt (4012). Two support arms (4011) are fixedly mounted on the support mounting ring (401), and two adjusting bolts (4012) are rotatably mounted on the two support arms (4011). The support mounting ring (401) is located outside the detection reference ring (105). The detection locking component (5) includes: a detection shaft (501), a marking groove (5011), and a positioning annular groove (5012). A detection shaft (501) is slidably inserted into the support mounting ring (401), and the ends of the detection shaft (501) are respectively inclined structures. The ends of the detection shaft (501) are respectively attached to the V-shaped grooves provided on the detection reference ring (105). A tension spring is respectively sleeved on the detection shaft (501), and the tension springs on the detection shaft (501) are respectively connected between the detection shaft (501) and the support mounting ring (401). A marking groove (5011) is respectively opened on the detection shaft (501), and the marking groove (5011) is located in the inner ring of the support mounting ring (401). A positioning annular groove (5012) is respectively opened on the detection shaft (501). The detection locking component (5) further includes: a stop shaft (502), a stop shaft (502) is slidably inserted on the support mounting ring (401), and the ends of the stop shaft (502) are respectively attached to the outside of the detection shaft (501); a spring is sleeved on the inner side of the support mounting ring (401), and the ends of the spring on the inner side of the support mounting ring (401) are respectively connected to the tail of the stop shaft (502).

2. The grouting anchor rod for tunnel reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting installation component (1) further includes: a positioning bolt (103) and a grouting pipe (104). The positioning bolt (103) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (102). The grouting pipe (104) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (102). The grouting pipe (104) is provided with a valve. The detection reference ring (105) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (102). The detection reference ring (105) is provided with a V-shaped groove. The connecting rod (102) is provided with a thread.

3. A grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grouting installation component (1) further includes: an inner tube (106) and a sealing cap (107). The inner tube (106) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (102). The inner tube (106) passes through the connecting rod (102). The inner tube (106) is located inside the anchor body (101). The sealing cap (107) is threaded onto the inner tube (106).

4. A grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing pad component (3) includes: a fastening pad (301) and a sealing sleeve (302). The fastening pad (301) has four through holes. The four through holes on the fastening pad (301) are used to install expansion bolts. The sealing sleeve (302) is fixedly installed on the fastening pad (301). The outer side of the sealing sleeve (302) is a beveled structure. The connecting rod (102) is inserted into the fastening pad (301) and the sealing sleeve (302). The positioning bolt (103) is threaded onto the fastening pad (301).

5. A grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support and protection component (4) further includes a positioning ring (402), which is threaded to the rear side of the support mounting ring (401), and the support mounting ring (401) is sleeved on the detection reference ring (105).

6. A grouting anchor for tunnel reinforcement according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support and protective component (4) further includes: a cover (403), a lower locking hole block (404), and an upper locking hole block (405). The cover (403) is slidably sleeved on the support mounting ring (401). The lower locking hole block (404) is fixedly installed on the side of the support mounting ring (401). The upper locking hole block (405) is fixedly installed on the cover (403). The lower locking hole block (404) is inserted into the upper locking hole block (405). The lower locking hole block (404) and the upper locking hole block (405) are provided with through holes for the lock to pass through.

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