Floor grinder gearbox deflector plate assembly

Abstract

The application provides a floor grinder gear box guide plate assembly, the gear box is a multi-stage idler differential planetary gear transmission system, the axis of the input shaft and the output shaft is arranged vertically to the ground, the guide plate assembly comprises a first guide plate and a second guide plate, and the two are fixed to the lubricating oil accumulation area of the inner side circumferential wall of the gear box through a mounting part; the guide plate body adopts a three-dimensional curved surface configuration matched with the gear layout, which is used for effectively receiving and guiding the oil flow. The application defines three specific radial clearance parameters: the gap δ1 between the first guide plate and the tooth top of the planetary wheel, the radial clearance δ2 between the first guide plate and the tooth top of the second idler, the radial clearance δ2 between the second guide plate and the tooth top of the first idler, and the gap δ3 between the first guide plate and the tooth top of the first idler; by accurately configuring these clearance parameters, the guide effect and the fluid resistance can be effectively balanced, and the synergistic optimization of the lubrication efficiency improvement and the oil stirring power reduction can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery transmission technology, specifically to a gearbox guide plate assembly for a floor grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] Floor grinding machines are core equipment in modern building floor treatment, and the performance of their gearboxes is crucial. To meet the demands of high power density and large transmission ratios, multi-stage idler differential planetary gear transmission systems are often used, with the input and output shafts arranged vertically with the shafts perpendicular to the ground. These gearboxes generally rely on splash lubrication.

[0003] However, in a vertical gearbox, the high-speed rotating gears generate strong centrifugal force, continuously throwing lubricating oil against the inner circumferential wall of the gearbox. Lubricating oil accumulates here, forming annular "oil rings" or "oil pools." Meanwhile, the core meshing areas located at the center of the transmission chain (such as between idler gears and between the idler gear and the sun gear) face the risk of insufficient oil supply due to the difficulty in oil return, leading to low lubrication efficiency and potentially causing premature failures such as tooth surface wear and galling. At the same time, the gears and planetary carrier violently agitate the oil in the oil pool, resulting in significant power loss from churning. This not only directly reduces the overall efficiency of the transmission system but also, when converted into heat, causes the oil temperature to rise, accelerating the aging and deterioration of the lubricating oil.

[0004] Existing improvement solutions mostly focus on optimizing gear macroscopic parameters (such as module and helix angle) or selecting lubricating oils of different viscosities. These are all passive adaptive adjustments that fail to actively intervene in and optimize the complex oil flow field inside the gearbox. Although guide vanes are used in some horizontal gearboxes or simple structures, the internal flow field of the specific multi-stage idler differential planetary vertical gearbox involved in this application is extremely complex. There is a lack of mature theoretical guidance and effective structural solutions regarding the three-dimensional shape of the guide vanes, their arrangement, and the clearance relationship between them and the rotating gears. This results in the design process heavily relying on qualitative engineering experience and repeated trial and error with physical prototypes, leading to high costs, long cycles, and difficulty in achieving the desired results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a targeted and structurally reasonable gearbox guide plate assembly for floor grinders. This structure can effectively break the ineffective accumulation of lubricating oil on the gearbox wall and accurately guide the oil to the core meshing area that needs the most lubrication, thereby significantly reducing the power loss caused by oil stirring while ensuring sufficient lubrication.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a floor grinding machine gearbox guide plate assembly, wherein the gearbox is a multi-stage idler differential planetary gear transmission system, and the axes of its input shaft and output shaft are perpendicular to the ground; it includes a first guide plate and a second guide plate, which are fixed to the lubricating oil accumulation area on the inner circumferential wall of the gearbox by a mounting part; the main body of the guide plate has a three-dimensional curved surface configuration, which is used to receive the lubricating oil thrown to the box wall by centrifugal force, and to guide the oil to the core meshing area by the hydrodynamic pressure generated by the revolution of the gearbox.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide vane assembly is provided with multiple sets of radial clearances between itself and the gear tooth tip, including radial clearance δ1 between the first guide vane and the planetary gear tooth tip, radial clearance δ2 between the first guide vane and the second-stage idler gear tooth tip, radial clearance δ2 between the second guide vane and the first-stage idler gear tooth tip, and radial clearance δ3 between the first guide vane and the first-stage idler gear tooth tip; the radial clearances δ1, δ2, and δ3 are optimal parameters determined through multi-objective optimization, and satisfy the numerical relationship δ1 < δ2 < δ3.

[0008] Furthermore, the curved shape of the guide plate is composed of multiple arcs that are concentric with the axis of each gear, and its outline is adapted to the flow field traces inside the gearbox; the first guide plate includes a first arc segment concentric with the axis of the planetary gear, a second arc segment concentric with the axis of the second-stage idler gear, a third arc segment concentric with the axis of the first-stage idler gear, and a positioning arc segment adapted to the outline of the gearbox support column; the second guide plate includes a fourth arc segment concentric with the axis of the first-stage idler gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting part adopts a vertical fixing structure, with the upper part fixedly connected to the guide plate body by welding, and the lower part having mounting holes, and is reliably connected to the box body by high-strength fasteners.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-objective optimization takes minimizing oil churning power loss and maximizing lubrication efficiency as optimization objectives, and determines the optimal clearance parameter combination through computational fluid dynamics simulation and the expectation function method.

[0011] The beneficial technical effects of the floor grinding machine gearbox guide plate assembly of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] 1. Through the precise layout and optimized clearance configuration of the three-dimensional curved guide plate, the ineffective accumulation of lubricating oil on the gearbox wall is effectively broken, and the oil is actively guided to core lubrication areas such as the meshing areas of the first-stage and second-stage idler gears, and the meshing area of ​​the second-stage idler gear and the sun gear. Experimental data show that after adopting this invention, the lubricating oil coverage in the above-mentioned key meshing areas is significantly improved (from 9.23% to 70.32% and from 12.34% to 90.45%, respectively), fundamentally solving the problem of insufficient oil supply to the core parts of the vertical gearbox.

[0013] 2. By using a radial clearance gradient design with δ1 < δ2 < δ3, both flow guidance and circulation are taken into account, so that the power loss of oil stirring under rated operating conditions is controlled to be less than 6% of the total power, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0014] 3. The guide plate is formed by combining multiple arc segments that are concentric with the axis of each gear, matching the flow trajectory of the lubricating oil inside the gearbox, reducing flow resistance and achieving precise oil delivery. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox of the floor grinding machine of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of the inside of the gearbox of the present invention (showing the layout of the baffles and clearance).

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 1 guide vane.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 2 guide vane.

[0019] Figure reference numerals: Sun gear 1, first-stage idler gear 2, second-stage idler gear 3, planetary gear 4, housing 5, first guide vane 6, first arc segment 61, second arc segment 62, third arc segment 63, positioning arc segment 64, second guide vane 7, fourth arc segment 71, mounting part (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d). Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these embodiments are only used to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme for a gearbox guide plate assembly of a floor grinder. The gearbox of the floor grinder is a multi-stage idler differential planetary gear transmission system, including a sun gear 1, a first-stage idler gear 2, a second-stage idler gear 3, planetary gears 4, and a housing 5. The gearbox is vertically arranged, with its input and output shaft axes perpendicular to the ground.

[0022] 1. Deflector Installation Implementation

[0023] The first guide vane 6 and the second guide vane 7 are fixed to the lubricating oil accumulation area on the inner circumferential wall of the gearbox via mounting parts (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d). The mounting parts adopt a vertical fixing structure; the upper part is fixedly connected to the guide vane body by welding, and the lower part has mounting holes. High-strength fasteners (screws or bolts) ensure reliable connection and facilitate disassembly and maintenance. The specific installation steps are as follows:

[0024] (1) Determine the installation position of the baffle plate to ensure that it is located in the main accumulation area formed on the tank wall after the lubricating oil is subjected to centrifugal force;

[0025] (2) The guide plate is reliably fixed to the designated position of the housing 5 by using fasteners with a strength grade of not less than 8.8 through the through hole on the mounting part;

[0026] (3) During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the guide plate is tightly fitted to the box and that all connections are firm and reliable.

[0027] 2. Features of the air deflector assembly

[0028] The deflector plate adopts a three-dimensional curved surface configuration, and its surface is composed of multiple circular arc segments. Specifically:

[0029] The first guide vane 6 includes a first arc segment 61 that is concentric with the axis of the planetary gear 4, a second arc segment 62 that is concentric with the axis of the second-stage idler gear 3, a third arc segment 63 that is concentric with the axis of the first-stage idler gear 2, and a positioning arc segment 64 that is adapted to the profile of the gearbox support column; the second guide vane 7 includes a fourth arc segment 71 that is concentric with the axis of the first-stage idler gear 2.

[0030] Each arc segment is smoothly connected to form a guide surface that matches the flow trajectory of the lubricating oil inside the gearbox, effectively reducing the resistance to oil flow.

[0031] 3. Radial clearance configuration

[0032] After the guide vane is installed in place, the following radial clearance is formed between it and the gear tooth tip:

[0033] The radial clearance δ1 between the first arc segment 61 of the first guide vane 6 and the tooth tip of the planetary gear 4;

[0034] The radial clearance δ2 between the second arc segment 62 of the first guide vane 6 and the tooth tip of the second idler wheel 3;

[0035] The radial clearance δ2 between the fourth arc segment 71 of the second guide plate 7 and the tooth tip of the first stage idler wheel 2;

[0036] The radial clearance δ3 between the third arc segment 63 of the first guide vane 6 and the tooth tip of the first idler wheel 2.

[0037] The radial clearances δ1, δ2, and δ3 are optimal parameters determined through multi-objective optimization, and satisfy the numerical relationship δ1 < δ2 < δ3. The specific values ​​of each clearance are optimized and determined based on operating parameters such as gearbox speed and lubricating oil viscosity. Through the radial clearance gradient design of δ1 < δ2 < δ3, this relationship is based on a comprehensive consideration of the linear velocity of each gear tooth tip and the hydrodynamic behavior. The tooth tip linear velocity in the planetary gear (4) region is relatively low, and a smaller clearance δ1 is set to help form stronger hydrodynamic pressure at this position, thereby effectively improving the initial guidance and convergence of lubricating oil on the gearbox wall; the tooth tip linear velocity in the first-stage idler gear (2) region is the highest, and a larger clearance δ3 is set to adapt to its high linear velocity characteristics, ensure sufficient lubricating oil flow, and significantly reduce the shear resistance of the high-speed gear to the oil, so as to reduce oil churning loss; the clearance δ2 in the second-stage idler gear (3) region serves as a performance transition zone, and its value is between δ1 and δ3, so as to achieve a smooth connection between the flow field from convergence and guidance to smooth flow, thereby optimizing the overall lubrication and energy consumption performance.

[0038] 4. Working Principle

[0039] During gearbox operation, lubricating oil is thrown towards the inner circumference of the gearbox under centrifugal force. The first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 7 effectively catch the splashed oil through their three-dimensional curved surface configuration, and use the hydrodynamic pressure generated by the gearbox's revolution to precisely guide the lubricating oil to key lubrication points such as the meshing area between the first-stage idler gear 2 and the second-stage idler gear 3, and the meshing area between the second-stage idler gear 3 and the sun gear 1, thereby achieving dual optimization of lubrication and energy consumption reduction.

[0040] 5. Performance Verification and Results

[0041] For a gearbox with a rated speed of 1350 rpm, an optimized clearance combination was determined by computational fluid dynamics simulation and multi-objective optimization method: δ1=4mm, δ2=10mm, δ3=15mm.

[0042] Simulation and experimental verification show that, compared with the traditional gearbox without a deflector, the deflector assembly with these optimized parameters:

[0043] The lubricating oil coverage in the meshing area between the first-stage and second-stage idler gears increased from 9.23% to 70.32%.

[0044] The lubricating oil coverage in the meshing area between the sun gear and the first-stage idler gear increased from 12.34% to 90.45%.

[0045] The power loss of the oil stirring machine under rated operating conditions is stably controlled to be below 6% of the total power.

[0046] The above results demonstrate that the present invention effectively improves lubrication efficiency and reduces energy consumption through a specific combination of structural parameters, achieving significant technical effects.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox guide vane assembly for a floor grinder, wherein the gearbox is a multi-stage idler differential planetary gear transmission system, and the axes of its input and output shafts are perpendicular to the ground; characterized in that: It includes a No. 1 guide plate and a No. 2 guide plate, which are fixed to the lubricating oil accumulation area on the inner circumferential wall of the gearbox by the mounting part; the main body of the guide plate has a three-dimensional curved surface configuration, which is used to receive the lubricating oil thrown to the box wall by centrifugal force, and to guide the oil to the core meshing area by the hydrodynamic pressure generated by the revolution of the gearbox. The guide vane assembly is provided with multiple sets of radial clearances between itself and the gear tooth tip, including radial clearance δ1 between the first guide vane and the planetary gear tooth tip, radial clearance δ2 between the first guide vane and the second-stage idler gear tooth tip, radial clearance δ2 between the second guide vane and the first-stage idler gear tooth tip, and radial clearance δ3 between the first guide vane and the first-stage idler gear tooth tip; the radial clearances δ1, δ2, and δ3 are optimal parameters determined through multi-objective optimization, and satisfy the numerical relationship δ1 < δ2 < δ3; The curved shape of the guide plate is composed of multiple arcs that are concentric with the axis of each gear, and its outline is adapted to the flow field traces inside the gearbox; the first guide plate includes a first arc segment concentric with the axis of the planetary gear, a second arc segment concentric with the axis of the second stage idler gear, a third arc segment concentric with the axis of the first stage idler gear, and a positioning arc segment adapted to the outline of the gearbox support column; the second guide plate includes a fourth arc segment concentric with the axis of the first stage idler gear.

2. The floor grinding machine gearbox guide plate assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting section adopts a vertical fixing structure. The upper part is fixedly connected to the guide plate body by welding, and the lower part has mounting holes and is reliably connected to the box by high-strength fasteners.

3. The floor grinding machine gearbox guide plate assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-objective optimization aims to minimize the oil stirring power loss and maximize the lubrication efficiency. The optimal combination of clearance parameters is determined by computational fluid dynamics simulation and the expectation function method.

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