A high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner, including a combustion mechanism. The combustion mechanism includes a primary air box, with a primary air inlet pipe fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary air box. A primary air duct is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the end of the primary air box away from the primary air inlet pipe. A secondary air box is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the primary air duct, with a secondary air inlet pipe fixedly connected to the outer wall of the secondary air box. An adjustment mechanism is provided on the outer surface of the primary air box, and an auxiliary mechanism is provided on the outer surface of the secondary air box. When all clutches push the second gear, causing the second gear to mesh with the teeth of the gear ring and the outer wall of the adjustment head, all adjustment heads will deflect under the action of the motor driving the second gear through the first gear. By adjusting the different deflection angles of the adjustment heads at each position, the flame pattern of the burner can be optimized to achieve the best combustion state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of burner technology, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner. Background Technology

[0002] The boiler burner in a power plant is the core equipment of the boiler. Its main function is to mix fuel and air in a certain proportion and burn them stably and efficiently to release heat. Modern burners usually integrate multiple technologies to achieve rapid ignition of pulverized coal, stable flame and complete combustion, and effectively control the generation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, so as to ensure the economic and environmental benefits of boiler operation.

[0003] Currently, the swing burner, as a key regulating component of power plant boilers, has become an effective means of regulating the temperature field inside the furnace, controlling nitrogen oxide emissions, and preventing coking through its structure design that allows the nozzle to swing up and down or left and right.

[0004] However, existing oscillating burners can only change the overall flame position and cannot adjust the fine shape of the flame. Therefore, when the power plant is operating under different load requirements, the burner is unable to actively optimize the flame shape and thus cannot achieve the best combustion state. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving boiler burner for power plants. When all clutches drive the second gear, causing the second gear to mesh simultaneously with the teeth of the gear ring and the outer wall of the adjusting head, all adjusting heads will deflect during the rotation of the second gear driven by the first gear of the motor. By utilizing the different deflection angles of the adjusting heads at each position, the flame shape of the burner can be optimized to achieve the best combustion state, thereby solving the problem mentioned in the background art: the existing swing burner can only change the flame position as a whole and cannot adjust the fine shape of the flame. Therefore, when the power plant is operating under different load requirements, the burner is difficult to actively optimize the flame shape and thus cannot achieve the best combustion state.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner includes a combustion mechanism. The combustion mechanism includes a primary air box, with a primary air inlet pipe fixedly connected to its outer surface. The primary air inlet pipe injects primary air into the primary air box. A primary air duct is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the end of the primary air box away from the primary air inlet pipe. A secondary air box is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the primary air duct. A secondary air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the secondary air box, injecting secondary air into the secondary air box. An adjustment mechanism is provided on the outer surface of the primary air box, and an auxiliary mechanism is provided on the outer surface of the secondary air box. When the burner is operating, dried pulverized coal and primary air are preferentially injected into the primary air box through the primary air inlet pipe. The primary air box then separately delivers a portion of the pulverized coal and primary air to the adjustment mechanism and the primary air duct. Subsequently, the pulverized coal ejected from the outlet of the primary air duct is ignited by an ignition device. Simultaneously, secondary air is injected into the secondary air box through the secondary air inlet pipe, thus ensuring the normal combustion of the pulverized coal ejected from the primary air duct.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the adjustment mechanism includes a connecting pipe, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary air box. An adjustment head is movably sleeved at the end of the connecting pipe away from the primary air box. A secondary air duct and an external air duct surrounding the outside of the secondary air duct are provided inside the adjustment head. A through hole is opened on the outer surface of the adjustment head.

[0008] Based on the above, the auxiliary mechanism includes a fixed frame, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the secondary air box by bolts. A sealing cover is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed frame near the secondary air box. The inner wall of the end of the fixed frame away from the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the adjusting head. The end of the sealing cover away from the fixed frame is sealed to the outer surface of the secondary air box.

[0009] It is worth noting that the internal cavity of the sealing cover is connected to the interior of the secondary air box, which is used to guide part of the secondary air in the secondary air box to the through hole of the regulating head.

[0010] Preferably, a toothed ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame, a motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing frame, and a first gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, the first gear meshing with the inner teeth of the toothed ring.

[0011] Furthermore, a clutch is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing frame near the sealing cover, and the output end of the clutch passes through the side wall of the fixing frame and is fixedly connected to a second gear.

[0012] It is worth noting that the clutch has two working states: in the first state, the second gear meshes simultaneously with the teeth of the gear ring and the outer wall of the adjusting head;

[0013] In the second state, the second gear disengages from the teeth of the gear ring and the outer wall of the adjusting head.

[0014] When the motor drives the first gear and the gear ring to rotate, and the clutch is in the first state, the second gear transmits power to the adjusting head, driving it to deflect.

[0015] When the clutch is in the second state, power transmission is interrupted, and the adjusting head, which is disconnected from the clutch, remains stationary.

[0016] When all clutches push the second gear, causing it to mesh simultaneously with the gear ring and the outer teeth of the adjusting head, all adjusting heads will deflect under the action of the motor driving the first gear to rotate. If it is not necessary to adjust the adjusting head at a certain position, simply drive the second gear fixedly connected to its output end to disengage from the gear ring and the adjusting head through the clutch on the corresponding side, and the adjusting head on the corresponding side can be kept stationary.

[0017] Based on the above, an outer cyclone separator is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the secondary wind box near its outlet via a rotating shaft, and an inner cyclone separator is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the secondary wind box on the side near the outer cyclone separator via a rotating shaft.

[0018] Meanwhile, an inner secondary air duct and an outer secondary air duct are formed between the secondary air box and the primary air duct. The inner secondary air duct and the outer secondary air duct are used to deliver secondary air to the boiler in stages.

[0019] As can be seen from the above, the outer vortex is used to guide the secondary air to the inner vortex and the outer secondary air duct, and the inner vortex is used to guide the secondary air from the outer vortex to the inner secondary air duct.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. In this high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner, when all clutches push the second gear, causing the second gear to mesh with the teeth of the gear ring and the outer wall of the adjusting head, all adjusting heads will deflect under the action of the motor driving the second gear through the first gear. Thus, by adjusting the different deflection angles of the adjusting heads at each position, the flame pattern of the burner can be optimized to achieve the best combustion state.

[0022] 2. In this high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner, when the boiler is under load, all regulating heads are tilted to one side, so that the airflow outlet direction inside each regulating head is tangent to the center of the primary air duct. This creates a strong rotating airflow inside the boiler, causing the air and pulverized coal particles to move in a spiral motion, thereby prolonging the mixing process, ensuring complete combustion of pulverized coal, and improving the combustion efficiency of pulverized coal. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism and auxiliary mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of B in the diagram;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the common orientation state structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the tangential orientation state structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the divergent state structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0035] 1. Combustion Mechanism; 101. Primary Air Box; 102. Primary Air Inlet Pipe; 103. Primary Air Pipe; 104. Secondary Air Box; 105. Secondary Air Inlet Pipe; 106. External Swirl Flow Meter; 107. Internal Swirl Flow Meter; 108. Internal Secondary Air Duct; 109. External Secondary Air Duct; 2. Adjustment Mechanism; 201. Connecting Pipe; 202. Adjusting Head; 203. Through Hole; 204. Secondary Air Duct; 205. External Air Duct; 3. Auxiliary Mechanism; 301. Fixing Frame; 302. Sealing Cover; 303. Gear Ring; 304. Motor; 305. First Gear; 306. Clutch; 307. Second Gear. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] Because existing oscillating burners can only change the overall position of the flame and cannot adjust the fine shape of the flame, when the power plant is operating under different load requirements, the burner is unable to actively optimize the flame shape and thus cannot achieve the best combustion state.

[0038] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner, with reference to... Figure 1-5 As shown, the combustion mechanism 1 includes a primary air box 101. A primary air inlet pipe 102 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary air box 101. The primary air inlet pipe 102 is used to inject primary air into the primary air box 101 (see...). Figure 4 (F1), primary air is used to transport pulverized coal and assist in initial ignition. A primary air duct 103 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the end of the primary air box 101 furthest from the primary air inlet duct 102. A secondary air box 104 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the primary air duct 103. A secondary air inlet duct 105 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the secondary air box 104. The secondary air inlet duct 105 is used to inject secondary air into the secondary air box 104 (see F1). Figure 4 (F2) Secondary air is used to provide sufficient oxygen and organize the combustion pattern. The outer surface of the primary air box 101 is provided with an adjustment mechanism 2, and the outer surface of the secondary air box 104 is provided with an auxiliary mechanism 3. When the burner is operating as a whole, the dried coal powder and primary air are injected into the primary air box 101 through the primary air inlet pipe 102. The primary air box 101 then delivers part of the coal powder and primary air to the adjustment mechanism 2 and the primary air pipe 103 respectively. Then, the coal powder sprayed out of the primary air pipe 103 is ignited by the ignition device. At the same time, the secondary air inlet pipe 105 injects secondary air into the secondary air box 104, so that the coal powder sprayed out of the primary air pipe 103 can be burned normally.

[0039] When supplying secondary air to the inner secondary air duct 108 and the outer secondary air duct 109, refer to Figure 3-5 As shown, an outer vortex 106 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the secondary air box 104 near its outlet via a rotating shaft, and an inner vortex 107 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the secondary air box 104 near the outer vortex 106 via a rotating shaft. The outer vortex 106 and the inner vortex 107 are used to make the secondary air rotate before entering the inner secondary air duct 108 and the outer secondary air duct 109.

[0040] As can be seen from the above, an inner secondary air duct 108 and an outer secondary air duct 109 are formed between the secondary air box 104 and the primary air duct 103. The inner secondary air duct 108 and the outer secondary air duct 109 are used to deliver secondary air to the boiler in stages. The outer cyclone separator 106 is used to guide the secondary air to the inner cyclone separator 107 and the outer secondary air duct 109. The inner cyclone separator 107 is used to guide the secondary air from the outer cyclone separator 106 to the inner secondary air duct 108.

[0041] When injecting secondary air into the regulating head 202, refer to Figure 3-6 As shown, the auxiliary mechanism 3 includes a fixed frame 301, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the secondary air box 104 by bolts. A sealing cover 302 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed frame 301 near the secondary air box 104. The sealing cover 302 is conical, with its small diameter end close to the fixed frame 301, which is used to concentrate and guide the secondary air to the through hole 203 of the regulating head 202. The inner wall of the end of the fixed frame 301 away from the sealing cover 302 is rotatably connected to the regulating head 202. The end of the sealing cover 302 away from the fixed frame 301 is sealed to the outer surface of the secondary air box 104. The internal cavity of the sealing cover 302 communicates with the interior of the secondary air box 104, which is used to guide part of the secondary air in the secondary air box 104 to the through hole 203 of the regulating head 202.

[0042] refer to Figure 4-8 As shown, the adjusting mechanism 2 includes a connecting pipe 201, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary air box 101. An adjusting head 202 is movably sleeved at the end of the connecting pipe 201 away from the primary air box 101. The connecting pipe 201 is used to adjust the primary air (see...) inside the primary air box 101... Figure 5 The air is guided to one side of the regulating head 202 and discharged through the secondary air duct 204. The secondary air duct 204 is coaxially arranged inside the regulating head 202, and an external air duct 205 surrounds the outside of the secondary air duct 204. Figure 5 As can be seen, the end of the secondary air duct 204 furthest from the connecting pipe 201 has a downward arc. The outer surface of the adjusting head 202 has a through hole 203. The sealing cover 302 uses the through hole 203 to direct the secondary air (see...) Figure 5 The middle F2) is transported to the outer air duct 205 side.

[0043] When adjusting the angle of the adjusting head 202, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 8As shown, a gear ring 303 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame 301, and a motor 304 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed frame 301. A first gear 305 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 304. The first gear 305 meshes with the internal teeth of the gear ring 303. At the same time, a clutch 306 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame 301 near the sealing cover 302. The output end of the clutch 306 passes through the side wall of the fixed frame 301 and is fixedly connected to a second gear 307.

[0044] It is worth noting that the clutch 306 has two working states: in the first state, the second gear 307 is engaged with the teeth of the gear ring 303 and the outer wall of the adjusting head 202 simultaneously; in the second state, the second gear 307 is disengaged from the teeth of the gear ring 303 and the outer wall of the adjusting head 202.

[0045] As can be seen from the above, when the motor 304 drives the first gear 305 and the gear ring 303 to rotate, and the clutch 306 is in the first state, the second gear 307 transmits power to the adjusting head 202, driving it to deflect. When the clutch 306 is in the second state, the power transmission is interrupted, and the adjusting head 202, which is disconnected from it, remains stationary. When all clutches 306 push the second gear 307 to mesh with the gear ring 303 and the outer teeth of the adjusting head 202 simultaneously, all adjusting heads 202 will deflect under the action of the motor 304 driving the first gear 305 to rotate. If it is not necessary to adjust the adjusting head 202 at a certain position, it is only necessary to drive the second gear 307, which is fixedly connected to its output end, to disengage from the gear ring 303 and the adjusting head 202 through the clutch 306 on the corresponding side, so that the adjusting head 202 on the corresponding side can remain stationary.

[0046] When the burner is igniting, refer to Figure 1 As shown, when it is necessary to ignite the primary air and pulverized coal ejected from the secondary air duct 204 inside the regulating head 202, the air outlets of all secondary air ducts 204 are close to the side of the primary air duct 103. The flame already ignited at the outlet of the primary air duct 103 is used to ignite the pulverized coal ejected from the secondary air duct 204. At the same time, the secondary air flowing in the external air duct 205 provides combustion assistance to the flame already ignited at the nozzle of the secondary air duct 204.

[0047] When the boiler is first started, or when burning low-quality coal, refer to Figure 9 As shown, in order to achieve rapid heating in a specific area inside the boiler, the ends of all the regulating heads 202 are adjusted to be tilted upwards, so that the flame forms a concentrated, penetrating shape that is not easily blown away, thereby concentrating the heat in a smaller area and thus rapidly increasing the temperature and pulverized coal concentration in that area.

[0048] When it is necessary to suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides during combustion in a boiler, refer to Figure 10As shown, all the adjusting heads 202 swing outwards, with their axes radially deviating from the center line, thereby causing the flame to spread and form a wide, short, and well-filled flame shape. This disperses heat into a larger volume space and reduces the highest temperature at the center of the flame, thereby suppressing the formation of thermal nitrogen oxides and fuel nitrogen oxides.

[0049] When the boiler needs to be operated under load, refer to Figure 11 As shown, the clutch 306 corresponding to each adjusting head 202 can operate independently. If it is necessary to adjust a certain adjusting head 202, the clutch 306 at that location is put into the working state, so that the second gear 307 is inserted between the adjusting head 202 and the gear ring 303, and it engages. If no adjustment is needed, the second gear 307 at the output end of the clutch 306 is disengaged from the position between the adjusting head 202 and the gear ring 303, thereby disengaging the second gear 307 and keeping the adjusting head 202 at the corresponding position stationary. Therefore, each adjusting head 202 can be adjusted to a different deflection angle. When all adjusting heads 202 are deflected to one side, the airflow outlet direction inside each adjusting head 202 is tangent to the center of the primary air duct 103. Therefore, a strong rotating airflow can be formed in the boiler, causing the air and pulverized coal particles in the boiler to advance in a spiral manner, thereby prolonging the mixing process between the two, ensuring complete combustion of pulverized coal, and improving the combustion efficiency of pulverized coal.

[0050] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner, comprising a combustion mechanism (1), wherein the combustion mechanism (1) includes a primary air box (101), a primary air inlet pipe (102) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary air box (101), the primary air inlet pipe (102) is used to inject primary air into the primary air box (101), a primary air duct (103) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the end of the primary air box (101) away from the primary air inlet pipe (102), a secondary air box (104) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the primary air duct (103), a secondary air inlet pipe (105) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the secondary air box (104), the secondary air inlet pipe (105) is used to inject secondary air into the secondary air box (104), characterized in that: The outer surface of the primary air box (101) is provided with an adjustment mechanism (2), and the outer surface of the secondary air box (104) is provided with an auxiliary mechanism (3). The adjustment mechanism (2) includes: A connecting pipe (201) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the primary air box (101). An adjusting head (202) is movably sleeved at one end of the connecting pipe (201) away from the primary air box (101). A central secondary air duct (204) is provided inside the adjusting head (202). The connecting pipe (201) is used to guide the primary air inside the primary air box (101) to one side of the adjusting head (202) and discharge it through the secondary air duct (204). An external air duct (205) surrounds the outside of the secondary air duct (204). A through hole (203) is opened on the outer surface of the adjusting head (202). The auxiliary mechanism (3) includes a fixing frame (301), which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the secondary air box (104) by bolts, and a sealing cover (302) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing frame (301) near the secondary air box (104). The internal cavity of the sealing cover (302) is connected to the interior of the secondary air box (104) to guide part of the secondary air in the secondary air box (104) to the through hole (203) of the regulating head (202) and deliver the secondary air to the side of the external air duct (205).

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the end of the fixed frame (301) away from the sealing cover (302) is rotatably connected to the adjusting head (202), and the end of the sealing cover (302) away from the fixed frame (301) is sealed to the outer surface of the secondary air box (104).

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: A toothed ring (303) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame (301), and a motor (304) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed frame (301). A first gear (305) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (304), and the first gear (305) meshes with the inner teeth of the toothed ring (303).

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner according to claim 3, characterized in that: A clutch (306) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame (301) near the sealing cover (302). The output end of the clutch (306) passes through the side wall of the fixed frame (301) and is fixedly connected to a second gear (307). The clutch (306) has two working states: in the first state, the second gear (307) meshes with the teeth on the outer wall of the gear ring (303) and the adjusting head (202) simultaneously; In the second state, the second gear (307) disengages from the teeth on the outer wall of the gear ring (303) and the adjusting head (202).

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the motor (304) drives the first gear (305) and the gear ring (303) to rotate, and the clutch (306) is in the first state, the second gear (307) transmits power to the adjusting head (202) to drive it to deflect. When the clutch (306) is in the second state, the transmission of power is interrupted, and the adjusting head (202) connected to it remains stationary.

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the secondary wind box (104) near its outlet is rotatably connected to an outer cyclone separator (106) via a rotating shaft, and the inner wall of the secondary wind box (104) near the outer cyclone separator (106) is rotatably connected to an inner cyclone separator (107) via a rotating shaft.

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: An inner secondary air duct (108) and an outer secondary air duct (109) are formed between the secondary air box (104) and the primary air duct (103). The inner secondary air duct (108) and the outer secondary air duct (109) are used to deliver secondary air to the boiler in stages.

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving power plant boiler burner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer vortex (106) is used to guide secondary air to the inner vortex (107) and the outer secondary air duct (109), and the inner vortex (107) is used to guide secondary air from the outer vortex (106) to the inner secondary air duct (108).

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