Rubber tapping machine with switchable female knife and male knife and rubber tapping method

Abstract

The invention discloses a rubber tapping machine with a female knife and a male knife switchable and a rubber tapping method, belongs to the field of rubber tapping machines, and solves the problem that a tool bit in the prior art cannot be universally used. According to the technical scheme, the rubber tapping machine comprises a walking assembly which is provided with a driver, a guide rail, a longitudinal sliding rail, a transmission shaft and a lead screw, and a cutting assembly comprises a shell, a sliding seat, a knife rest, a transmission piece and the tool bit; the tool bit comprises a female tool or a male tool, the shell is in sliding fit with the longitudinal sliding rail, the transmission piece is rotatably installed on the shell and is in threaded connection with the lead screw, the tool rest is rotatably connected to the shell, one end of the tool rest is detachably connected with the tool bit, the other end of the tool rest is in linkage with the sliding seat, and the sliding seat is arranged in the shell in a sliding mode and is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft. And the sliding seat is provided with a detachable one-way driving part, the one-way driving part is in one-way transmission fit with the transmission part, and the mounting direction of the one-way driving part is adjustable. The female knife and the male knife can be switched for use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber tapping machines, and in particular to a rubber tapping machine and method that allows for switching between oblique and convex blades. Background Technology

[0002] In rubber tree tapping, the oblique and convex cutters are two widely used tapping methods. The oblique cutter typically enters from below the cut line, moving upwards during the cutting process; while the convex cutter enters from above the cut line, moving downwards. Because their vertical cutting directions are completely opposite, they impose diametrically opposed, even mutually exclusive, requirements on the tapping machine's transmission logic, unidirectional drive mechanism, and stroke control. Existing technologies such as CN222322371U and CN114680016A can only support the use of a single type of cutter head, failing to achieve universal compatibility. This forces rubber farmers or tapping operations to purchase and maintain two sets of tapping equipment simultaneously, significantly increasing procurement and storage costs and operational complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rubber tapping machine that allows for switching between male and female blades, solving the problem of non-universal blade compatibility in existing technologies and enabling the use of both male and female blades.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades, comprising a walking assembly and a cutting assembly. The walking assembly is provided with a driver, a guide rail, a longitudinal slide rail, a transmission shaft, and a lead screw. The cutting assembly includes a housing, a sliding seat, a blade holder, a transmission component, and a blade head. The blade head includes a male or female blade. The housing is slidably fitted to the longitudinal slide rail. The transmission component is rotatably mounted on the housing and threadedly connected to the lead screw. The blade holder is rotatably connected to the housing, with the blade head detachably connected to one end and linked to the sliding seat at the other end. The sliding seat is slidably disposed within the housing and is drivenly connected to the transmission shaft, so that the blade holder has a cutting state away from the housing and a retracted state close to the housing. The sliding seat is provided with a detachable one-way drive component. The one-way drive component is driven unidirectionally with the transmission component, and the installation direction of the one-way drive component is adjustable, so that when a male blade is installed, the housing rises along the lead screw, and when a female blade is installed, the housing descends along the lead screw.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages: Through the detachability of the cutter head and the cutter holder, and by setting a detachable one-way drive component with adjustable installation direction on the sliding seat, the transmission relationship between the transmission component and the lead screw can be flexibly adjusted according to the type of cutter head installed. When installing a female cutter, the one-way drive component is configured to drive the housing to rise along the lead screw to achieve upward cutting; when replacing with a male cutter, only the installation direction of the one-way drive component needs to be adjusted to allow the housing to descend along the lead screw to complete downward cutting. Without changing the main layout of the walking assembly, the same set of equipment achieves compatibility with two rubber-cutting methods, reducing the user's dependence on multiple rubber-cutting devices. Furthermore, the entire switching process does not require replacing components such as the transmission shaft, lead screw, or housing, nor does it require adjusting the drive control logic of the walking assembly. The mode conversion can be completed simply by removing and installing a one-way drive component and changing its orientation, reducing the complexity of the switching operation.

[0006] Furthermore, the transmission component has ratchet teeth on its outer periphery, and the one-way drive component includes a fixed block, a lever, and a first elastic element. The lever and the first elastic element are detachably mounted on the fixed block and detachably mounted on the sliding seat through the fixed block. The lever is rotatably disposed on the fixed block and one end of it engages unidirectionally with the ratchet teeth. The first elastic element is used to apply a restoring force to the lever to make it abut against the ratchet teeth.

[0007] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the lever, the first elastic element, and the fixing block are pre-assembled into a complete module and installed as a whole unit on the sliding seat. When it is necessary to switch between the male and female knife working modes, the operator does not need to disassemble the lever and the first elastic element and other internal parts one by one. He only needs to remove the entire one-way module from the sliding seat, flip the fixing block in the installation direction, and then fix it again to complete the switching of the transmission direction. This simplifies the switching process, reduces the risk of parts falling or assembly errors, shortens the adjustment time, and improves the efficiency of on-site operations.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding seat is provided with a first receiving cavity for accommodating the fixing block, the shape of the first receiving cavity being adapted to the shape of the fixing block, and the shape of the fixing block being centrally symmetrical.

[0009] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, the fixing block achieves clear positioning and effective limitation after installation, minimizing radial movement or circumferential rotation during operation. This ensures stable meshing between the lever and the outer ratchet teeth of the transmission component, maintaining the reliability of unidirectional transmission. Furthermore, when switching between the female and male cutting tools, the operator simply removes the fixing block from the first receiving cavity, rotates it 180°, and reinstalls it to complete the drive direction change. Since the fixing block is symmetrical and the receiving cavity matches its contour, no additional adjustment or calibration is required after the flipping installation, ensuring assembly consistency, significantly simplifying the switching process, and substantially shortening preparation time.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing block has symmetrical lugs on both sides, and the first receiving cavity has mounting grooves on both sides that match the lugs. The lugs are inserted into the mounting grooves to fix the fixing block in the first receiving cavity.

[0011] With the above technical solution, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the lugs and the mounting grooves, and the centrally symmetrical shape of the fixing block itself, when switching between the female and male blades, it is only necessary to remove the fixing block as a whole, rotate it 180° and reinsert it. The lugs can still accurately fall into the corresponding mounting grooves without distinguishing directions or making additional adjustments. This ensures the consistency and convenience of each installation as much as possible. Compared with installation methods that rely solely on friction or simple contact, the mechanical limit formed by the lugs and the mounting grooves provides a clear anti-torsional fulcrum, significantly improving the stability of the fixing block during dynamic transmission. This creates a structural foundation for maintaining reliable unidirectional meshing between the lever and the ratchet teeth.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting position of the lever on the fixed block is symmetrical about the geometric center of the fixed block.

[0013] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the installation position of the lever on the fixed block is symmetrical about the geometric center of the fixed block, so that no matter whether the fixed block is installed in its original direction or after being rotated 180°, the spatial position and meshing angle of the lever relative to the ratchet teeth of the transmission component remain consistent, thereby maintaining the stability and reliability of the unidirectional transmission function.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing block is provided with a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole, the first elastic element is provided with a third positioning hole, the lever is provided with a fourth positioning hole, and the cutting assembly also includes a first fastener, which passes through the first positioning hole, the third positioning hole, the fourth positioning hole and the second positioning hole in sequence to connect the lever, the first elastic element and the fixing block into one unit.

[0015] With the above technical solution, during installation, the operator only needs to stack the components in sequence, align all the positioning holes naturally, and then use a first fastener to pass through all four holes at once to complete the assembly of the entire unidirectional drive module, which simplifies the assembly process.

[0016] Furthermore, the sliding seat includes a base and a top cover. The base has a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity spaced apart from the first receiving cavity. The second receiving cavity has a rotatable cam. The drive shaft passes through the cam and rotates synchronously with the cam. The drive shaft drives the sliding seat to slide back and forth through the cam to realize the switching of the tool holder state. The top cover is closed to the base and fixed by a second fastener.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the cam and the fixed block are arranged at intervals in space, which avoids structural interference between the two during movement or assembly as much as possible. Secondly, after the upper cover is closed on the base, the upper cover and the base are locked together at one time by the second fastener, which simultaneously realizes the axial limiting and overall fixation of the fixed block and the cam, further simplifying the assembly steps.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the transmission component is also provided with a limiting block, and the sliding seat is provided with a limiting plate. The limiting plate is provided with an avoidance notch. When the sliding seat is in the position where the tool holder is in the cutting state or the retracting state, the limiting block abuts against the limiting plate and is restricted from rotating. When the sliding seat is between the cutting state and the retracting state, the limiting block is located within the avoidance notch, allowing the transmission component to rotate.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the motion mode of the transmission component is automatically switched by the position of the sliding seat. Reliable coordination of the two functions of blade positioning and rubber cutting feed is achieved without the need for additional clutch, sensor or control intervention, which improves the system integration and the rigor of the action logic.

[0020] Furthermore, the cutting assembly also includes a blade head bracket, a pressure plate, a third fastener, a fourth fastener, and a second elastic element. The blade head is placed on the blade head bracket and is detachably installed on the blade head bracket through the pressure plate and the third fastener. The blade head bracket is detachably connected to the blade holder through the fourth fastener and is elastically connected to the blade holder through the second elastic element. The blade head bracket is a female blade bracket or a male blade bracket.

[0021] The above technical solution allows both the male and female knife holders to be compatible with the same knife head. Switching between tapping modes is as simple as changing the corresponding type of holder and knife head, without requiring modifications to the knife head itself or other components. Knife head switching is also much simpler. The second elastic element provides appropriate floating cushioning during tapping, allowing the knife head to conform to the unevenness of the bark surface, reducing rigid impact, helping to protect the blade and improve tapping quality.

[0022] Furthermore, the cutter head bracket is provided with an open groove for mounting the cutter head, the cutter head is movably disposed in the open groove, the side wall of the open groove is provided with a threaded hole, and the cutting assembly also includes an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw passes through the threaded hole and abuts against the cutter head, for adjusting the length of the cutter head extending out of the open groove.

[0023] With the above technical solution, in actual rubber tapping operations, there are differences in the bark thickness, latex depth, or tapping surface condition of different rubber trees. Operators only need to turn the adjusting screw to achieve stepless and precise adjustment of the blade extension length without changing the blade or bracket.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a rubber tapping method, wherein the rubber tapping machine adopts any one of the above-described technical solutions, and the rubber tapping method of the rubber tapping machine is as follows:

[0025] S1. Installation: Select the male or female blade according to the rubber tapping requirements, and install the selected blade head onto the blade holder. At the same time, adjust the installation direction of the one-way drive component to match the selected blade head.

[0026] S2, Fixing: The walking component is fixed to the tree body via guide rails;

[0027] S3, Blade Release: The driver drives the sliding seat to slide through the transmission shaft. The blade holder moves to the cutting state as the sliding seat slides, completing the blade release action. The unidirectional drive synchronously drives the transmission component to rotate, causing the housing to rise and fall synchronously along the lead screw.

[0028] S4. Cutting: When the lead screw rotates at a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver, it drives the cutting assembly to rise or fall; at the same time, the driver drives the cutting assembly to slide relative to the guide rail, realizing the circumferential sliding of the cutting assembly. The sliding in both directions causes the blade holder to cut a spiral line on the tree.

[0029] S5. Retracting the blade: After cutting is completed, the driver drives the sliding seat to slide in the opposite direction through the transmission shaft. The blade holder moves to the retracted state as the output component rotates, completing the retracting action. The one-way drive component bypasses the transmission component, and the housing maintains its current height.

[0030] S6. Return stroke: When the lead screw rotates in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver, the cutting assembly descends to achieve the longitudinal return of the cutting assembly; at the same time, the driver drives the cutting assembly to slide in the opposite direction relative to the guide rail to achieve the circumferential return of the cutting assembly. The sliding in both directions enables the tool holder to complete the return stroke.

[0031] S7. Repeat S3-S6 above until the entire rubber tapping process is finished.

[0032] With the above technical solution, users only need to select the corresponding cutter head according to their needs and adjust its installation direction by flipping the unidirectional drive component to complete the cutting mode matching. There is no need to replace the transmission system or reprogram the control logic, which significantly simplifies the preparation work. In steps S3 to S6, the placement of the cutter, cutting, retraction of the cutter, and return stroke are all uniformly coordinated and controlled by the driver: the linear motion of the sliding seat is linked to the cutter holder to realize the cutting state switching, the rotation of the lead screw synchronously drives the housing to rise and fall along the lead screw, and at the same time, the traveling component drives the whole machine to move circumferentially along the guide rail. The composite motion in the two directions naturally forms a spiral cutting line that meets the requirements of rubber tree tapping process. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber tapping machine installed on the rubber tree in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting component in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the cutting component in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional drive component in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional drive component from another perspective in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the unidirectional drive component from another perspective in this invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional drive component in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the unidirectional drive component in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the blade holder and blade head in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 13This is an exploded view of the blade holder and blade head in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the blade holder in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head support in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head support in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention from another perspective;

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the blade holder in the retracted state of the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting assembly in the retracted state of the blade holder in the rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting assembly in the cutting state of the blade holder in the cambered rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the male-blade rubber tapping machine installed on the rubber tree in this invention;

[0054] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the blade holder and blade head in the male-blade rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 22 This is an exploded view of the blade holder and blade head in the male-blade rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional drive component in the male-blade rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 24 This is a cross-sectional view of the unidirectional drive component in the male-blade rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting assembly in the retracted state of the blade holder in the male blade rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting assembly in the cutting state of the blade holder in the male-blade rubber tapping machine of the present invention;

[0060] In the diagram, 1. Walking assembly; 10. Driver; 11. Guide rail; 111. Claw; 112. Tooth; 12. Longitudinal slide rail; 13. Drive shaft; 14. Lead screw; 15. Walking frame; 16. First gear set; 17. Second gear set; 18. Third gear set; 19. Fourth gear set; 2. Cutting assembly; 20. Housing; 201. First through hole; 202. Second through hole; 203. Third through hole; 21. Sliding seat; 211. First receiving cavity; 212. Mounting slot; 213. Base; 214. Top cover; 215. Second receiving cavity; 216. Limiting plate; 217. Clearance notch; 22. Tool holder; 221. Second through hole; 222. Fourth through hole; 23. Transmission component; 231. Ratchet tooth; 232. Limiting block; 24. Cutting head; 25. One-way drive component; 251. Fixing block; 2511. Lug; 2512. First positioning hole; 2513. Second positioning hole; 2514. Receiving groove; 252. Lever; 2521. Fourth positioning hole; 253. First elastic element; 2531. Third positioning hole; 254. Second fastener; 255. Cam; 256. First fastener; 257. Sixth fastener; 260. Cutting head support; 2601. Open slot; 2602. Threaded hole; 2603. First through hole; 2604. First screw hole; 2605. Third through hole; 261. Pressure plate; 262. Third fastener; 263. Fourth fastener; 264. Second elastic element; 265. Adjusting screw; 266. Fifth fastener; 27. Third elastic element; 3. Rubber tree. Detailed Implementation

[0061] Example 1:

[0062] like Figures 1 to 25 As shown, the present invention provides a rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades, including a walking assembly 1 and a cutting assembly 2. The walking assembly 1 is provided with a driver 10, a guide rail 11, a walking frame 15, and parallel longitudinal slide rails 12, a transmission shaft 13, and a lead screw 14. The walking assembly 1 is fixed to the surface of the rubber tree 3 by the guide rail 11. The guide rail 11 is arc-shaped and has deformation capability. The inner wall of the guide rail 11 is provided with protruding claws 111 to increase the positioning capability of the guide rail 11 on the rubber tree 3. The walking frame 15 is slidably installed on the outer periphery of the guide rail 11. When the walking frame 15 slides relative to the guide rail 11, the walking frame 15 slides around the outer surface of the rubber tree 3 to realize the circumferential sliding of the walking frame 15.

[0063] The cutting assembly 2 includes a housing 20, a sliding seat 21, a blade holder 22, a transmission component 23, and a blade head 24. The blade head 24 includes a male or female blade. The housing 20 is slidably fitted to the longitudinal slide rail 12. The transmission component 23 is rotatably mounted on the housing 20 and threadedly connected to the lead screw 14. The blade holder 22 is rotatably connected to the housing 20, with the blade head 24 detachably connected to one end and linked to the sliding seat 21 at the other end. The sliding seat 21 is slidably disposed inside the housing 20 and is connected to the transmission shaft 13 for transmission, so that the blade holder 22 has a cutting state away from the housing 20 and a retracted state close to the housing 20. In the cutting state, one end of the blade holder 22 abuts against the surface of the tree. Through the sliding of the sliding seat 21, the blade holder 22 can cut a cutting line on the tree to achieve the cutting effect of the rubber tapping machine. In the retracted state, the blade holder 22 does not contact the tree, and the rubber tapping machine will not cut the tree. The sliding seat 21 is provided with a detachable one-way drive component 25. The one-way drive component 25 is engaged with the transmission component 23 in a one-way transmission, and the installation direction of the one-way drive component 25 is adjustable, so that when the female knife is installed, the housing 20 rises along the lead screw 14, and when the male knife is installed, the housing 20 descends along the lead screw 14.

[0064] By detaching the cutter head 24 from the cutter holder 22 and installing a detachable one-way drive component 25 with adjustable installation direction on the sliding seat 21, the transmission relationship between the transmission component 23 and the lead screw 14 can be flexibly adjusted according to the type of cutter head 24 installed. When installing a female cutter, the one-way drive component 25 is configured to drive the housing 20 to rise along the lead screw 14 to achieve upward cutting; when replacing with a male cutter, only the installation direction of the one-way drive component 25 needs to be adjusted to allow the housing 20 to descend along the lead screw 14 to complete downward cutting. Without changing the main layout of the walking assembly 1, the same set of equipment is compatible with two rubber cutting methods, reducing the user's dependence on multiple rubber cutting devices. At the same time, the entire switching process does not require replacing the transmission shaft 13, lead screw 14, or housing 20, nor does it require adjusting the control logic of the driver 10 of the walking assembly 1. The mode conversion can be completed simply by removing and installing a one-way drive component 25 and changing its orientation, reducing the complexity of the switching operation.

[0065] It should be noted that there are two walking components 1. There are parallel longitudinal slide rails 12, drive shafts 13 and lead screws 14 between the two walking components 1. The cutting component 2 is slidably assembled between the two walking components 1. The longitudinal slide rail 12 passes through the first through hole 201 of the housing 20 and slides with the housing 20. The housing 20 is provided with a second through hole 202 and a third through hole 203, which are respectively for the lead screw 14 and the drive shaft 13 to pass through. The walking frame 15 is also provided with a driver 10, a first gear set 16, a second gear set, a third gear set 18 and a fourth gear set 19. The first gear set 16 and the second gear set 17 are both connected to the driver 10 for transmission. The fourth gear set 19 meshes with the first gear set 16. The outer periphery of the guide rail 11 is provided with teeth 112 that mesh with the fourth gear set 19. The driver 10 drives the walking frame 15 to slide relative to the guide rail 11 through the transmission of the fourth gear set 19 and the teeth 112. The third gear set 18 meshes with the second gear set 17. The third gear set 18 is connected to the drive shaft 13, and the first gear set 16 is connected to the lead screw 14. The end of the housing 20 is connected to the tool holder 22 through the third elastic element 27, so that the tool holder 22 is elastic and can be adapted to rubber trees 3 of different diameters.

[0066] It should be noted that the rubber tapper is mainly used for cutting rubber trees 3. Of course, the rubber tapper can also be used for other types of trees. The following text will use rubber tree 3 to refer to the tree body.

[0067] To facilitate the replacement of the cutter head 24, the cutting assembly 2 also includes a cutter head bracket 260, a pressure plate 261, a third fastener 262, a fourth fastener 263, and a second elastic element 264. The cutter head 24 is placed on the cutter head bracket 260 and is detachably mounted to the cutter head bracket 260 via the pressure plate 261 and the third fastener 262. The cutter head bracket 260 is detachably connected to the blade holder 22 via the fourth fastener 263 and is elastically connected to the blade holder 22 via the second elastic element 264. The second elastic element 264 provides appropriate floating cushioning during rubber tapping, allowing the cutter head 24 to conform to the unevenness of the rubber tree 3 surface, reducing rigid impact, helping to protect the blade and improve tapping quality. The cutter head bracket 260 can be either a male or female blade bracket, allowing both types of cutter head brackets 260 to be adapted to the same blade holder 22. Switching between tapping modes only requires replacing the corresponding type of cutter head bracket 260 and cutter head 24, without modifying the blade holder 22 or other components, making cutter head 24 switching simpler.

[0068] It should be noted that the cutter head support 260 is provided with a first through hole 2603, a first screw hole 2604 and a third through hole 2605, and the cutter holder 22 is provided with a second through hole 221 and a fourth through hole 222 to facilitate the connection of the third fastener 262 and the fourth fastener 263.

[0069] Because the bark thickness, latex depth, or tapping surface condition of different rubber trees 3 vary in actual rubber tapping operations, the cutting depth of the cutter head 24 needs to be adjusted accordingly. Therefore, in this application, the cutter head bracket 260 is provided with an open groove 2601 for mounting the cutter head 24. The cutter head 24 is movably mounted in the open groove 2601. The side wall of the open groove 2601 is provided with a threaded hole 2602. The cutting assembly 2 also includes an adjusting screw 265, which passes through the threaded hole 2602 and abuts against the cutter head 24 to adjust the length of the cutter head 24 extending out of the open groove 2601. This allows the operator to simply lift the pressure plate, turn the adjusting screw 265, and push the cutter head 24, achieving stepless and precise adjustment of the extension length of the cutter head 24 without replacing the cutter head 24 or the bracket.

[0070] It should be noted that regardless of the extension position of the cutter head 24, it is always firmly clamped in the open groove 2601 by the pressure plate 261, so as to ensure that the cutter head 24 will not be displaced due to vibration or cutting reaction force after adjustment, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the rubber tapping process.

[0071] To facilitate changing the installation direction of the one-way drive component 25, the outer periphery of the transmission component 23 is provided with ratchet teeth 231 and a limiting block 232. The ratchet teeth 231 are located above the limiting block 232. The one-way drive component 25 includes a fixed block 251, a lever 252, and a first elastic element 253. The lever 252 is rotatably mounted on the fixed block 251, and one end of it forms a one-way engagement with the ratchet teeth 231. The first elastic element 253 is disposed inside the fixed block 251 and is used to apply a restoring force toward the ratchet teeth 231 to the lever 252. In actual use, the lever 252 and the first elastic element 253... The elastic element 253 and the fixed block 251 are pre-assembled into a complete module and installed as a whole unit on the sliding seat 21. When it is necessary to switch between the male and female knife working modes, the operator does not need to disassemble the lever 252 and the first elastic element 253 and other internal parts one by one. He only needs to remove the entire unidirectional drive module from the sliding seat 21, flip the fixed block 251 in the installation direction and fix it again to complete the switching of the transmission direction. This simplifies the switching process, reduces the risk of parts falling or assembly errors, shortens the adjustment time, and improves the efficiency of on-site operation.

[0072] The sliding seat 21 is equipped with a limiting plate 216, which has an avoidance notch 217. When the sliding seat 21 is in the position where the blade holder 22 is in the cutting or retracting state, the limiting block 232 abuts against the limiting plate 216 and is restricted from rotation. At this time, the driver 10 converts the linear lifting and lowering motion of the housing 20 along the screw 14 through the threaded pair between the lead screw 14 and the transmission component 23, so that the entire rubber cutting assembly performs linear lifting and lowering motion. When the sliding seat 21 is between the cutting and retracting states, the limiting block 232 is located in the avoidance notch 217, allowing the transmission component 23 to rotate. At this time, the lead screw 14 remains stationary, and the transmission component 23 is driven to rotate by the one-way drive component 25. Through its threaded engagement with the lead screw 14, the transmission component 23 drives the housing 20 to rise or fall along the lead screw 14, thereby realizing the rubber cutting feed action of the male or female blade. Without the need for additional clutch, sensor or control intervention, reliable coordination of the two functions of blade positioning and rubber cutting feed is achieved, improving the system integration and the rigor of the action logic.

[0073] It should be noted that the limiting block 232 is polygonal, such as pentagonal. When the sliding seat 21 is in the position that puts the tool holder 22 in the cutting state or the retracting state, one side of the limiting block 232 abuts against the limiting plate 216 and is restricted from rotating.

[0074] It should be noted that the fixing block 251 is provided with a receiving groove 2514 for accommodating the first elastic element 253 and the lever 252, ensuring that the two are stable in position and move smoothly after pre-assembly, and can still maintain a consistent fit after the fixing block 251 is flipped and installed.

[0075] Specifically, the fixing block 251 is provided with a first positioning hole 2512 and a second positioning hole 2513, the first elastic element 253 is provided with a third positioning hole 2531, the lever 252 is provided with a fourth positioning hole 2521, and the cutting assembly 2 also includes a first fastener 256. The first fastener 256 passes through the first positioning hole 2512, the third positioning hole 2531, the fourth positioning hole 2521, and the second positioning hole 2513 in sequence to connect the lever 252, the first elastic element 253, and the fixing block 251 into one unit. During installation, the operator only needs to stack the components in sequence, align all the positioning holes naturally, and then use a first fastener 256 to pass through all four holes at once to complete the assembly of the entire unidirectional drive module, simplifying the assembly process.

[0076] The sliding seat 21 has a first receiving cavity 211 for accommodating the fixing block 251. The shape of the first receiving cavity 211 is adapted to the shape of the fixing block 251, so that the fixing block 251 can be clearly positioned and effectively limited after being installed. This minimizes the radial movement or circumferential rotation of the fixing block 251 during operation, thereby ensuring the stable meshing position between the lever 252 and the outer peripheral ratchet teeth 231 of the transmission component 23, and maintaining the reliability of unidirectional transmission. In addition, the shape of the fixing block 251 is centrally symmetrical. When it is necessary to switch between the female and male blades, the operator only needs to remove the fixing block 251 from the first receiving cavity 211, rotate it 180° and reinstall it to complete the change of driving direction. Since the fixing block 251 itself is symmetrical and the receiving cavity matches its contour, the installation after flipping does not require additional adjustment or calibration, which not only ensures assembly consistency but also greatly simplifies the switching process and significantly shortens the preparation time.

[0077] To further facilitate the installation of the fixing block 251, symmetrical lugs 2511 are provided on both sides of the fixing block 251. Mounting grooves 212 matching the lugs 2511 are provided on both sides of the first receiving cavity 211. The lugs 2511 are inserted into the mounting grooves 212 to fix the fixing block 251 within the first receiving cavity 211. When switching between the female and male blades, simply remove the fixing block 251 as a whole, rotate it 180°, and reinsert it. The lugs 2511 will still accurately fall into the corresponding mounting grooves 212 without needing to distinguish directions or make additional adjustments. This ensures consistency and convenience in each installation. Compared to installation methods that rely solely on friction or simple contact, the mechanical limit formed by the lugs 2511 and the mounting grooves 212 provides a clear anti-torsional fulcrum, significantly improving the stability of the fixing block 251 during dynamic transmission. This creates a structural basis for maintaining reliable unidirectional meshing between the lever 252 and the ratchet teeth 231.

[0078] To ensure that the lever 252 can still engage with the ratchet tooth 231 after the fixed block 251 is rotated 180°, the mounting position of the lever 252 on the fixed block 251 is symmetrical about the geometric center of the fixed block 251, that is... Figure 7 The dimensions X1=X2 ensure that the spatial position and meshing angle of the lever 252 relative to the ratchet teeth 231 of the transmission component 23 remain consistent regardless of whether the fixing block 251 is installed in its original orientation or after being rotated 180°, thereby maintaining the stability and reliability of the unidirectional transmission function.

[0079] The sliding seat 21 includes a base 213 and a top cover 214. The base 213 has a first receiving cavity 211 and a second receiving cavity 215 spaced apart from the first receiving cavity 211. The mounting groove 212 has an upward opening for the lug 2511 to enter and exit. The second receiving cavity 215 has a rotatable cam 255 to minimize structural interference between the two during movement or assembly. The drive shaft 13 passes through the cam 255 and rotates synchronously with the cam 255. The drive shaft 13 drives the sliding seat 21 to slide back and forth through the cam 255 to realize the state switching of the tool holder 22. After the top cover 214 is closed on the base 213, the top cover 214 and the base 213 are locked together at one time by the second fastener 254, which simultaneously realizes the axial limiting and overall fixation of the fixing block 251 and the cam 255, further simplifying the assembly steps.

[0080] Installation of Cutting Component 2:

[0081] When using a scalpel, such as Figure 4 As shown, firstly, the first elastic element 253 is installed onto the lever 252. Then, the combined components are installed into the receiving groove 2514 of the fixing block 251. Next, the first fastener 256 is sequentially passed through the first positioning hole 2512 of the fixing block 251, the third positioning hole 2531 of the first elastic element 253, the fourth positioning hole 2521 of the lever 252, and the second positioning hole 2513 of the fixing block 251, forming an integral module. This integral module is then installed into the first receiving cavity 211 of the base 213. Next, the cam 255 is installed into the second receiving cavity 215 of the base 213. Finally, the upper cover 214 is fitted onto the base 213 and secured with screws. Figure 13 As shown, the cutter head bracket 260 is installed on the tool holder 22, with the first through hole 2603 and the first screw hole 2604 on the cutter head bracket 260 aligned with the second through hole 221 on the tool holder 22. Then, the fourth fastener 263 is passed through the first through hole 2603 and the second through hole 221 in sequence and locked into the first screw hole 2604. Next, one end of the second elastic member 264 is installed into the third through hole 2605 on the cutter head bracket 260, and the other end is installed into the fourth through hole 222 on the tool holder 22. Then, the cutter head... The blade head 24 is installed into the open slot 2601 of the blade head bracket 260 and the pressure plate 261 is pressed on. Then, the fifth fastener 266 passes through the hole on the pressure plate 261 and locks onto the blade head bracket 260, thereby pressing the blade head 24. Then, the adjusting screw 265 passes through the threaded hole 2602 and abuts against the blade head 24. Then, the assembled parts are put into the housing 20. Then, the blade holder 22 is rotatably connected to the housing 20 by the sixth fastener 257. The second elastic element 264 connects the housing 20 and the blade holder 22, completing the assembly of the entire rubber cutting blade head 24 assembly.

[0082] When using a yang knife, such as Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, the installation steps for the male cutting component 2 are the same as those for the female cutting component 2, except that the female cutting component bracket is replaced with a male cutting component bracket; the female cutting component is simply replaced with a male cutting component, and all other parts are interchangeable. Also, as... Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the fixing block 251 needs to be rotated 180° and then installed into the sliding seat 21 to change the installation direction of the one-way drive component 25 so that it matches the state of the male knife.

[0083] Complete machine installation:

[0084] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the longitudinal slide rail 12 passes through the first through hole 201 on the cutting assembly 2, and the lead screw 14 passes through the second through hole 202 on the cutting assembly 2. The thread on the lead screw 14 is engaged with the thread on the transmission component 23. Then, the transmission shaft 13 passes through the third through hole 203 on the cutting assembly 2. The transmission shaft 13 simultaneously drives through the cam 255 and rotates synchronously with the cam 255. The lead screw 14 is connected to the first gear set 16, and the transmission shaft 13 is connected to the third gear set 18. The third gear set 18 meshes with the second gear set 17. The first gear set 16 and the second gear set 17 are both connected to the driver 10. The fourth gear set 19 meshes with the first gear set 16. Finally, after the guide rail 11 is installed, the teeth 112 of the guide rail 11 mesh with the fourth gear set 19. Then, the guide rail 11 is installed on the rubber tree 3.

[0085] Working principle:

[0086] The rubber tapping machine needs to complete several actions to work, in the following sequence: blade placement, cutting, blade retraction, and return. Specifically, blade placement: the driver 10 only drives the second gear set 17, not the first gear set 16. The transmission shaft 13 drives the sliding seat 21 to slide, and the blade holder 22 moves to the cutting position as the sliding seat 21 slides, completing the blade placement action. The lead screw 14 does not rotate, and the one-way drive component 25 synchronously drives the transmission component 23 to rotate, causing the housing 20 to rise and fall synchronously along the lead screw 14.

[0087] Cutting: The driver 10 only drives the first gear set 16 and does not drive the second gear set 17. When the lead screw 14 rotates by a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver 10, it drives the cutting assembly 2 to rise or fall. At the same time, the driver 10 drives the cutting assembly 2 to slide relative to the guide rail 11, realizing the circumferential sliding of the cutting assembly 2. The sliding in both directions causes the blade holder 22 to cut a spiral line on the rubber tree 3.

[0088] Cutting retraction: After cutting is completed, the driver 10 only drives the second gear set 17 and does not drive the first gear set 16. The transmission shaft 13 drives the sliding seat 21 to slide in the opposite direction. The tool holder 22 moves to the cutting retraction state as the output component rotates, completing the cutting retraction action. The lead screw 14 does not rotate. The one-way drive 25 passes around the transmission component 23, and the housing 20 maintains the current height.

[0089] Return stroke: When the lead screw 14 rotates in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver 10, the cutting component 2 descends, realizing the longitudinal return of the cutting component 2; at the same time, the driver 10 drives the cutting component 2 to slide in the opposite direction relative to the guide rail 11, realizing the circumferential return of the cutting component 2. The sliding in both directions enables the tool holder 22 to complete the return stroke.

[0090] In the case of incision cutting:

[0091] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, when the rubber tapper is in the retracted state, the lever 252 is to the left of the transmission component 23; as Figure 19 As shown in the diagram, when the tapper finishes releasing the blade, the lever 252 is on the right side of the transmission component 23. When the tapper retracts the blade, the lever 252 returns to the left side of the transmission component 23. During this process, as shown in the installation diagram of the lever 252, when the tapper changes from retracting to releasing the blade, the lever 252 will rotate the ratchet tooth 231 on the transmission component 23. At this time, the lead screw 14 is stationary, that is, the transmission component 23 rises relative to the lead screw 14, which will drive the entire cutting assembly 2 to move vertically upward a certain distance. This distance is the axial cutting amount during each cut. When the tapper changes from releasing to retracting the blade, the lever 252 will bypass the ratchet tooth 231 on the transmission component 23 under the action of the first elastic element 253 and reset, preparing for the next adjustment of the axial formation.

[0092] In the cutting state of the yang blade:

[0093] When switching from Yin Blade mode to Yang Blade mode, as follows: Figure 25 As shown, the rubber tapper is in the retracted state, at which time the lever 252 is to the left of the transmission component 23; as Figure 26 As shown, when the rubber tapper finishes releasing the blade, the lever 252 is on the right side of the transmission component 23; when the rubber tapper retracts the blade again, the lever 252 returns to the left side of the transmission component 23. During this process, as... Figure 23The schematic diagram of the installation of lever 252 shows that when the rubber tapper changes from retracting the blade to extending the blade, lever 252 will bypass the ratchet teeth 231 on the transmission component 23 under the action of the first elastic element 253 and return to its original position; while when the rubber tapper changes from extending the blade to retracting the blade, lever 252 will cause the ratchet teeth 231 on the transmission component 23 to rotate. At this time, the lead screw 14 is stationary and will drive the entire cutting assembly 2 to move vertically downward a certain distance, which is the axial cutting amount during each cut.

[0094] It should be noted that the first fastener 256 is a locating pin, the second fastener 254, the third fastener 262, the fourth fastener 263 and the fifth fastener 266 are all screws, the sixth fastener 257 is a connecting pin, the first elastic element 253 is a torsion spring, the second elastic element 264 is a spring, and the third elastic element 27 is a tension spring.

[0095] Example 2:

[0096] In this embodiment, a rubber tapping method is provided. The rubber tapping machine adopts any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, and the rubber tapping method of the rubber tapping machine is as follows:

[0097] S1. Installation: Select the male or female blade according to the rubber tapping requirements, and install the selected blade head onto the blade holder. At the same time, adjust the installation direction of the one-way drive component to match the selected blade head.

[0098] S2, Fixing: The walking component is fixed to the tree body via guide rails;

[0099] S3, Blade Release: The driver drives the sliding seat to slide through the transmission shaft. The blade holder moves to the cutting state as the sliding seat slides, completing the blade release action. The unidirectional drive synchronously drives the transmission component to rotate, causing the housing to rise and fall synchronously along the lead screw.

[0100] S4. Cutting: When the lead screw rotates at a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver, it drives the cutting assembly to rise or fall; at the same time, the driver drives the cutting assembly to slide relative to the guide rail, realizing the circumferential sliding of the cutting assembly. The sliding in both directions causes the blade holder to cut a spiral line on the tree.

[0101] S5. Retracting the blade: After cutting is completed, the driver drives the sliding seat to slide in the opposite direction through the transmission shaft. The blade holder moves to the retracted state as the output component rotates, completing the retracting action. The one-way drive component bypasses the transmission component, and the housing maintains its current height.

[0102] S6. Return stroke: When the lead screw rotates in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver, the cutting assembly descends to achieve the longitudinal return of the cutting assembly; at the same time, the driver drives the cutting assembly to slide in the opposite direction relative to the guide rail to achieve the circumferential return of the cutting assembly. The sliding in both directions enables the tool holder to complete the return stroke.

[0103] S7. Repeat S3-S6 above until the entire rubber tapping process is finished.

[0104] Users only need to select the corresponding cutter head according to their needs and adjust its installation direction by flipping the unidirectional drive component to complete the cutting mode matching. There is no need to replace the transmission system or reprogram the control logic, which significantly simplifies the preparation work. In steps S3 to S6, the placement of the cutter, cutting, retraction of the cutter, and return stroke are all uniformly coordinated and controlled by the driver: the linear motion of the sliding seat is linked to the cutter holder to realize the cutting state switching, the rotation of the lead screw synchronously drives the housing to rise and fall along the lead screw, and at the same time, the traveling component drives the whole machine to move circumferentially along the guide rail. The composite motion in the two directions naturally forms a spiral cutting line that meets the requirements of rubber tree tapping process.

[0105] It should be noted that in S3 and S5, the lead screw is stationary, and the transmission component is driven to rotate by the unidirectional drive component to rise and fall relative to the lead screw, thereby driving the switching component to rise and fall. In S4, a limit block is also provided on the outer periphery of the transmission component, and a limit plate is provided on the sliding seat. The limit block abuts against the limit plate and is restricted from rotating, that is, the transmission component is restricted from rotating, and the drive component drives the lead screw to rotate to make the cutting component rise and fall.

[0106] In addition to the preferred embodiments described above, the present invention has other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades, comprising a walking assembly (1) and a cutting assembly (2), wherein the walking assembly (1) is provided with a driver (10), a guide rail (11), a longitudinal slide rail (12), a drive shaft (13), and a lead screw (14), characterized in that, The cutting assembly (2) includes a housing (20), a sliding seat (21), a blade holder (22), a transmission component (23), and a blade head (24). The blade head (24) includes a female blade or a male blade. The housing (20) is slidably fitted to the longitudinal slide rail (12). The transmission component (23) is rotatably mounted on the housing (20) and threadedly connected to the lead screw (14). The blade holder (22) is rotatably connected to the housing (20), with one end detachably connected to the blade head (24) and the other end linked to the sliding seat (21). The sliding seat (21) The slide seat (21) is slidably disposed inside the housing (20) and connected to the transmission shaft (13) so that the tool holder (22) has a cutting state away from the housing (20) and a retracting state close to the housing (20). The slide seat (21) is provided with a detachable one-way drive member (25). The one-way drive member (25) is engaged with the transmission member (23) in a one-way transmission, and the installation direction of the one-way drive member (25) is adjustable so that when the female knife is installed, the housing (20) rises along the lead screw (14) and when the male knife is installed, the housing (20) falls along the lead screw (14).

2. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission component (23) has ratchet teeth (231) on its outer periphery. The one-way drive component (25) includes a fixed block (251), a lever (252), and a first elastic element (253). The lever (252) and the first elastic element (253) are detachably mounted on the fixed block (251) and detachably mounted on the sliding seat (21) through the fixed block (251). The lever (252) is rotatably disposed on the fixed block (251) and one end of it is unidirectionally engaged with the ratchet teeth (231). The first elastic element (253) is used to apply a restoring force to the lever (252) to make it abut against the ratchet teeth (231).

3. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding seat (21) is provided with a first receiving cavity (211) for accommodating the fixing block (251). The shape of the first receiving cavity (211) is adapted to the shape of the fixing block (251), and the shape of the fixing block (251) is centrally symmetrical.

4. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing block (251) has symmetrical lugs (2511) on both sides, and the first receiving cavity (211) has mounting grooves (212) on both sides that match the lugs (2511). The lugs (2511) are inserted into the mounting grooves (212) to fix the fixing block (251) in the first receiving cavity (211).

5. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting position of the lever (252) on the fixing block (251) is symmetrical about the geometric center of the fixing block (251).

6. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing block (251) is provided with a first positioning hole (2512) and a second positioning hole (2513), the first elastic element (253) is provided with a third positioning hole (2531), the lever (252) is provided with a fourth positioning hole (2521), and the cutting assembly (2) further includes a first fastener (256), which passes through the first positioning hole (2512), the third positioning hole (2531), the fourth positioning hole (2521) and the second positioning hole (2513) in sequence to connect the lever (252), the first elastic element (253) and the fixing block (251) into one unit.

7. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding seat (21) includes a base (213) and a top cover (214). The base (213) has a first receiving cavity (211) and a second receiving cavity (215) spaced apart from the first receiving cavity (211). The second receiving cavity (215) has a rotatable cam (255). The drive shaft (13) passes through the cam (255) and rotates synchronously with the cam (255). The drive shaft (13) drives the sliding seat (21) to slide back and forth through the cam (255) to realize the state switching of the tool holder (22). The top cover (214) covers the base (213) and is fixed by a second fastener (254).

8. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission component (23) is also provided with a limiting block (232) on its outer periphery. The sliding seat (21) is provided with a limiting plate (216). The limiting plate (216) is provided with a clearance notch (217). When the sliding seat (21) is in the position that puts the tool holder (22) in the cutting state or the retracting state, the limiting block (232) abuts against the limiting plate (216) and is restricted from rotating. When the sliding seat (21) is between the cutting state and the retracting state, the limiting block (232) is located in the clearance notch (217) and allows the transmission component (23) to rotate.

9. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting assembly (2) further includes a blade head bracket (260), a pressure plate (261), a third fastener (262), a fourth fastener (263), and a second elastic member (264). The blade head (24) is placed on the blade head bracket (260) and is detachably installed on the blade head bracket (260) through the pressure plate (261) and the third fastener (262). The blade head bracket (260) is detachably connected to the blade holder (22) through the fourth fastener (263) and is elastically connected to the blade holder (22) through the second elastic member (264). The blade head bracket (260) is a female blade bracket or a male blade bracket.

10. The rubber tapping machine with switchable male and female blades according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cutter head bracket (260) is provided with an open groove (2601) for mounting the cutter head (24). The cutter head (24) is movably disposed in the open groove (2601). The side wall of the open groove (2601) is provided with a threaded hole (2602). The cutting assembly (2) also includes an adjusting screw (265). The adjusting screw (265) passes through the threaded hole (2602) and abuts against the cutter head (24) to adjust the length of the cutter head (24) extending out of the open groove (2601).

11. A rubber tapping method using a rubber tapping machine, characterized in that, The rubber tapping machine is the rubber tapping machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, and the rubber tapping method of the rubber tapping machine is as follows: S1. Installation: Select the male or female blade according to the rubber tapping requirements, and install the selected blade head (24) onto the blade holder (22). At the same time, adjust the installation direction of the one-way drive component (25) to match the selected blade head (24). S2, Fixing: The walking component (1) is fixed to the tree body via the guide rail (11); S3, release the blade: The driver (10) drives the sliding seat (21) to slide through the transmission shaft (13), and the blade holder (22) moves to the cutting state as the sliding seat (21) slides, completing the blade release action. The one-way drive (25) synchronously drives the transmission component (23) to rotate, so that the housing (20) rises and falls synchronously along the lead screw (14). S4, Cutting: When the lead screw (14) rotates at a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver (10), it drives the cutting assembly (2) to rise or fall; at the same time, the driver (10) drives the cutting assembly (2) to slide relative to the guide rail (11), realizing the circumferential sliding of the cutting assembly (2). The sliding in two directions causes the blade holder (22) to cut a spiral line on the tree. S5, Retracting the blade: After cutting is completed, the driver (10) drives the sliding seat (21) to slide in the opposite direction through the transmission shaft (13), and the blade holder (22) moves to the retracted state as the output component rotates, completing the retracting action. The one-way drive (25) passes around the transmission component (23), and the housing (20) maintains the current height. S6, Return stroke: When the lead screw (14) rotates in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle under the drive of the driver (10), the cutting assembly (2) descends to achieve the longitudinal return of the cutting assembly (2); at the same time, the driver (10) drives the cutting assembly (2) to slide in the opposite direction relative to the guide rail (11) to achieve the circumferential return of the cutting assembly (2). The sliding in both directions enables the tool holder (22) to complete the return stroke. S7. Repeat S3-S6 above until the entire rubber tapping process is finished.

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