Intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter and breath sound monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter and a breath sound monitoring system.The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter comprises a nasopharyngeal catheter body, a first acoustic sensing part and an optical fiber, the nasopharyngeal catheter body comprises a first body and a second body, and the first body is connected with the second body; the cross sectional area of the second body is gradually increased from one end, close to the first body, of the second body to one end far away from the first body; at least part of the optical fiber is embedded in the first body, the first acoustic sensing part is arranged on the optical fiber and located in the first body, the first acoustic sensing part is used for converting vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of breathing sound waves of a patient into optical signals, and the optical fiber is used for being connected with a demodulation host so that the demodulation host can receive the optical signals from the first acoustic sensing part. Therefore, the breathing signal can be collected through the first acoustic sensing part, and the breathing signal of the patient can be transmitted to the demodulation host, so that the breathing condition of the patient can be monitored in real time to guarantee the safety of the patient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the medical field, in particular to an intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter and a respiratory sound monitoring system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, the nasopharyngeal ventilation catheter is an airway maintenance device commonly used in pre-hospital emergency, postoperative recovery and sleep breathing disorder intervention. The nasopharyngeal ventilation catheter can prevent the tongue root from falling backward and maintain the airway unobstructed. However, during the use of the nasopharyngeal ventilation catheter, the patient may have risks such as catheter deviation, secretion blockage, and respiratory tract spasm. The existing nasopharyngeal ventilation catheter usually does not have a continuous monitoring function of the respiratory condition, and often needs to rely on external monitoring equipment to monitor the blood oxygen saturation to realize real-time monitoring of the respiratory condition of the patient, which significantly increases the medical cost. Alternatively, it is necessary to determine and observe the chest fluctuation by subjective auscultation of medical personnel, which is not good in real-time and sensitivity, and is prone to missed detection in sleep monitoring or long-time transportation, which may miss the critical warning moment due to the inability to monitor in real time. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to propose an intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter having a respiratory monitoring function, which facilitates real-time monitoring of the respiratory condition of the patient to ensure the safety of the patient.

[0004] The present application further proposes a respiratory sound monitoring system.

[0005] The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to the present application comprises a nasopharyngeal catheter body, a first acoustic sensing part, and an optical fiber. The nasopharyngeal catheter body comprises a first body and a second body. The first body is connected to the second body. The cross-sectional area of the second body gradually increases from the end of the second body close to the first body to the end of the second body away from the first body. At least part of the optical fiber is embedded in the first body. The first acoustic sensing part is arranged in the optical fiber and located in the first body. The first acoustic sensing part is used to convert the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's respiratory sound wave into an optical signal. The optical fiber is used to be connected to the demodulation host to enable the demodulation host to receive the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part.

[0006] The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to the present application can collect the respiratory signal through the first acoustic sensing part, and can transmit the respiratory signal of the patient to the demodulation host, which facilitates real-time monitoring of the respiratory condition of the patient to ensure the safety of the patient.

[0007] In some examples of the present application, the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter further comprises: an airbag, an air tube, the outer wall of the first body is formed with a plurality of annular grooves, the plurality of annular grooves are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first body, each of the annular grooves is provided with the airbag, the inner wall of the first body is formed with a receiving groove, part of the air tube is received in the receiving groove, and the air tube penetrates the first body and communicates with the airbag, and the air tube communicates with an air source.

[0008] In some examples of the present application, the first body is formed with a first drainage channel extending along the extension direction of the first body, the second body is formed with a second drainage channel extending along the extension direction of the second body, one end of the first drainage channel close to the second drainage channel communicates with the second drainage channel, one end of the first drainage channel away from the second drainage channel is open and configured as a drainage inlet, and one end of the second drainage channel away from the first drainage channel is open and configured as a drainage outlet.

[0009] In some examples of the present application, the cross-sectional area of the drainage inlet gradually increases in the direction from the first drainage channel to the second drainage channel. And / or, the inner surfaces of the first drainage channel and the second drainage channel are provided with a hydrophobic coating.

[0010] In some examples of the present application, the drainage outlet has an anti-reflux valve or a sealing cover. In some examples of the present application, the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter further comprises: a second acoustic sensing part, the second acoustic sensing part is arranged in the optical fiber and located in the first body, and the second acoustic sensing part is used for converting vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of patient breathing sound waves into optical signals.

[0011] In some examples of the present application, the second acoustic sensing part is located between the first acoustic sensing part and the second body. And / or, the first acoustic sensing part and the second acoustic sensing part are configured as Bragg gratings or Fabry-Perot interference microcavity structures. And / or, the material of the nasopharyngeal catheter body is medical-grade silicone and / or medical-grade plastic. And / or, the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter further comprises: an annular pressure sensing bag, the annular pressure sensing bag is arranged between the first acoustic sensing part and the second acoustic sensing part and connected with the optical fiber.

[0012] In some examples of the present application, the first body is formed with a mounting groove, the optical fiber comprises a first sub-portion and a second sub-portion, the first sub-portion is connected with the second sub-portion, the first sub-portion is arranged in the mounting groove, and the second sub-portion is arranged outside the mounting groove and is used for being connected with the demodulation host, and the first acoustic sensing portion and the second acoustic sensing portion are both arranged in the first sub-portion.

[0013] The respiratory sound monitoring system according to the present application comprises: a smart nasopharyngeal catheter and a demodulation host, the smart nasopharyngeal catheter is the smart nasopharyngeal catheter described above, the smart nasopharyngeal catheter is connected with the demodulation host, the demodulation host is used for receiving optical signals from the first acoustic sensing portion and converting the optical signals into electrical signals for respiratory monitoring, and is used for issuing an alarm and sending monitoring data and alarm information to a monitoring terminal when a respiratory abnormality occurs.

[0014] In some examples of the present application, the demodulation host comprises: a light source, a photodetector, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit and a microprocessor, the light source is used for emitting the optical signals to the smart nasopharyngeal catheter, the photodetector receives the returned optical signals and converts the optical signals into electrical signals, and the digital-to-analog conversion circuit is used for converting the electrical signals into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is used for performing airflow phase detection on the digital signals to separate respiratory phases, performing short-time Fourier transform and Mel spectrum feature extraction, judging whether a current audio frame is in an abnormal state according to the extracted features by using a support vector machine and a convolutional neural network, and issuing an alarm and sending the monitoring data and the alarm information to the monitoring terminal when the current audio frame is in the abnormal state.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a smart nasopharyngeal catheter according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram (not fully worn) of a smart nasopharyngeal catheter during wearing according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of a smart nasopharyngeal catheter according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a block schematic diagram of a light source, a photodetector, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, a microprocessor and a first acoustic sensing portion according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a partial view of a smart nasopharyngeal catheter according to an embodiment of the present application (including a first body, an airbag, and an air tube); Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first body according to an embodiment of the present application (including a first drainage channel).

[0017] Reference signs: smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100; first body 1; mounting groove 11; annular groove 12; receiving groove 13; first drainage channel 14; second body 2; first acoustic sensing part 3; second acoustic sensing part 4; optical fiber 5; first sub-part 51; second sub-part 52; airbag 6; air tube 7; annular pressure sensing bag 8; light source 10; photodetector 20; digital-to-analog conversion circuit 30; microprocessor 40. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference signs throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0019] Reference is made below to Figures 1-4 A smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described.

[0020] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a nasopharyngeal catheter body, a first acoustic sensing part 3, and an optical fiber 5, the nasopharyngeal catheter body includes a first body 1 and a second body 2, the first body 1 is connected to the second body 2, the cross-sectional area of the second body 2 gradually increases from the end of the second body 2 close to the first body 1 to the end of the second body 2 away from the first body 1; at least part of the optical fiber 5 is embedded in the first body 1, the first acoustic sensing part 3 is arranged in the optical fiber 5 and located in the first body 1, the first acoustic sensing part 3 is used to convert the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's breathing sound wave into an optical signal, and the optical fiber 5 is used to be connected with a demodulation host to enable the demodulation host to receive the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part 3.

[0021] The first body 1 is connected with the second body 2, and as some embodiments of the present application, the first body 1 and the second body 2 can be integrally formed by mold pouring, extrusion molding or the like.

[0022] As some embodiments of the present application, at least part of the first body 1 can be inserted into the airway of the patient through the nasal cavity of the patient, and the first body 1 can be bent to adapt to the shape of the nasal cavity and the airway of the patient. The outer diameter of the first body 1 can be 6-8 mm, the length of the first body 1 can be 12-15 cm, and the wall thickness of the first body 1 can be 0.8-1 mm. As some embodiments of the present application, the first body 1 can be configured as a bendable catheter with an outer diameter of 7 mm, a length of 14 mm, and a wall thickness of 1 mm. Such a setting can adapt to the nasal cavity and airway of the patient, has better ventilation effect, and reduces the risk of discomfort or bleeding of the patient.

[0023] As some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first body 1 and the second body 2 can be configured as a medical grade. The medical grade is a flexible material with good biocompatibility, and the silicone has good corrosion resistance and is suitable for long-term contact with human tissues. As some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first body 1 and the second body 2 can be configured as Pebax. Pebax is a flexible material with good biocompatibility, and Pebax has good thermoplasticity, better elasticity and mechanical strength, is easy to process, and is suitable for medical devices. Such a setting is easy to process, and at the same time, can reduce the risk of deformation of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 when it is bent in the nasal cavity and airway, or damage to the nasal mucosa of the patient.

[0024] The cross-sectional area of the second body 2 gradually increases from the end of the second body 2 close to the first body 1 to the end of the second body 2 away from the first body 1. As some embodiments of the present application, the second body 2 can be configured as a structure similar to a "horn", that is, the diameter of the second body 2 gradually increases from the end of the second body 2 close to the first body 1 to the end of the second body 2 away from the first body 1, and the diameter of the end of the second body 2 away from the first body 1 is greater than the diameter of the nostril of an adult. Such a setting enables the second body 2 to be firmly clamped at the outer edge of the nostril, reduces the risk of slipping or over-insertion, and can reduce the resistance when the patient inhales, which is beneficial to improve the smoothness of the patient's breathing.

[0025] At least part of the optical fiber 5 is embedded in the first body 1. As some embodiments of the present application, part of the optical fiber 5 is embedded in the first body 1, or all of the optical fiber 5 is embedded in the first body 1.

[0026] At least part of the optical fiber 5 can be embedded in the inner wall or outer wall of the first body 1. As some embodiments of the present application, the outer wall of the first body 1 can be formed with a groove, and at least part of the optical fiber 5 is accommodated in the groove and packaged by UV medical epoxy material or ultraviolet curing glue.

[0027] As some embodiments of the present application, the optical fiber 5 can be configured as a 125µm single-mode optical fiber 5, and adopt a cylindrical shape, a flat shape, etc.

[0028] Compared with traditional electrical components, the optical fiber 5 has good flexibility, anti-electromagnetic interference, and high humidity resistance. When used in a high-oxygen environment, the optical fiber 5 has no electric spark hidden danger, is safe and reliable, and can improve the safety and reliability of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100.

[0029] The first acoustic sensing part 3 is arranged on the optical fiber 5 and located in the first body 1. As some embodiments of the present application, the specific manufacturing process of the first acoustic sensing part 3 can be: using femtosecond laser to etch a 25µm cavity pit on the end face of the optical fiber 5, fusing and bonding a silicon nitride diaphragm, then vacuum injecting medical silicone oil to protect the cavity pressure, and then coating a polyimide shell to reduce water vapor permeation. As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 can be located at the end of the first body 1 away from the second body 2, that is, the first acoustic sensing part 3 is located near the soft palate adjacent to the nasopharyngeal posterior wall.

[0030] The first acoustic sensing part 3 is used to convert the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's breathing sound wave into an optical signal. As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 is used to convert the vibration of the patient's breathing sound wave into an optical signal, or the first acoustic sensing part 3 is used to convert the pressure fluctuation of the patient's breathing sound wave into an optical signal, or the first acoustic sensing part 3 is used to convert the vibration and pressure fluctuation of the patient's breathing sound wave into an optical signal.

[0031] As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 can be arranged at a position where the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's breathing sound wave is large. When the patient wears the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, the patient's breathing can produce subtle vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the breathing sound wave inside the first body 1. The first acoustic sensing part 3 can capture the subtle vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the breathing sound wave and convert it into a corresponding optical signal. In this way, the first acoustic sensing part 3 can be sensitive and reliable when collecting the breathing signal, and the accuracy of signal collection can be improved.

[0032] The optical fiber 5 is used to connect with a demodulation host to enable the demodulation host to receive the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part 3. As some embodiments of the present application, the optical fiber 5 can be connected with the demodulation host in a wired communication manner. For example, the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 further comprises a quick plug connector. The optical fiber 5 can extend longitudinally along the outer side of the first body 1 to the lateral side of the nasal ala. One end of the quick plug connector is connected with the optical fiber 5, and the other end of the quick plug connector is connected with the demodulation host. By arranging the quick plug connector, medical staff can conveniently connect the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 to the demodulation host.

[0033] As some embodiments of the present application, the optical fiber 5 can be wirelessly connected with the demodulation host, for example, the optical fiber 5 is wirelessly connected with the demodulation host through a wireless transmission module such as WiFi or Bluetooth.

[0034] The demodulation host receives the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part 3, and as some embodiments of the present application, the demodulation host can receive the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part 3 and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal to monitor the respiratory condition of the patient.

[0035] The demodulation host can be internally provided with a BLE5.3 SoC (System on Chip integrated with Bluetooth 5.3 version of low-power wireless communication technology) module and a 6GHz WiFi chip, and the demodulation host can push real-time monitoring data to a monitoring terminal (such as a smart phone App of the patient or family members, a monitoring computer of a nurse station, a central monitoring system of a hospital, etc.), and the demodulation host can use TLS1.3 (the latest and most secure version of the Transport Layer Security protocol) encryption, which is beneficial to ensure patient privacy.

[0036] In this way, the respiratory signal can be collected by the first acoustic sensing part 3, and the respiratory signal of the patient can be transmitted to the demodulation host, which is convenient for real-time monitoring of the respiratory condition of the patient to ensure patient safety.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 5 The smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100 further comprises an air bag 6 and an air tube 7, the outer wall of the first body 1 is formed with a plurality of annular grooves 12, the plurality of annular grooves 12 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first body 1, each annular groove 12 is provided with an air bag 6, the inner wall of the first body 1 is formed with a receiving groove 13, part of the air tube 7 is accommodated in the receiving groove 13, the air tube 7 is arranged in the first body 1 and communicates with the air bag 6, and the air tube 7 communicates with an air source.

[0038] The outer wall of the first body 1 is formed with a plurality of annular grooves 12, and as some embodiments of the present application, the number of annular grooves 12 can be, but is not limited to, four, five, six, etc.

[0039] The plurality of annular grooves 12 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first body 1, and as some embodiments of the present application, the interval of the plurality of annular grooves 12 along the extension direction of the first body 1 can be designed according to the anatomical features of the human nasopharynx, for example, the interval of the plurality of annular grooves 12 is 5-10 mm.

[0040] As some embodiments of the present application, the material of the air bag 6 can be high-elasticity silica gel, and after inflation, the outer diameter can be expanded to 1.5-2 times the depth of the annular groove 12, so as to realize close fitting with the airway of the patient.

[0041] By forming the outer wall of the first body 1 with a plurality of annular grooves 12, the plurality of annular grooves 12 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first body 1, and each annular groove 12 is provided with an air bag 6, so that the inflation and deflation of the air bag 6 can realize the multi-point fixation or sealing of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 in the airway of the patient, improve the stability of the use of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, and by forming the inner wall of the first body 1 with a receiving groove 13, it is convenient to fix the trachea 7 through the receiving groove 13, and it does not occupy the through space in the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 6 The first body 1 is formed with a first drainage channel 14 extending along the extension direction of the first body 1, and the second body 2 is formed with a second drainage channel extending along the extension direction of the second body 2. The first drainage channel 14 is in communication with the second drainage channel at one end close to the second drainage channel, and the other end of the first drainage channel 14 is open and configured as a drainage inlet. The other end of the second drainage channel away from the first drainage channel 14 is open and configured as a drainage outlet.

[0043] As some embodiments of the present application, the first drainage channel 14 is in communication with the second drainage channel, and the drainage inlet is placed in the airway of the patient, and the drainage outlet is connected with a suction device (such as a negative pressure suction device, a manual sputum suction device, a sealed drainage bag), and the secretions can flow from the drainage outlet into the first drainage channel 14 and flow through the second drainage channel, and then flow out from the drainage outlet.

[0044] As some embodiments of the present application, the number of the first drainage channel 14 can be multiple, for example but not limited to three, four, five, etc., and the second drainage channel is the same as the number of the first drainage channel 14 and one-to-one correspondence.

[0045] In this way, the secretions in the airway of the patient can be drained, the risk of blockage of secretions during use of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 is reduced, and the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 is kept unobstructed to ensure the safety of the patient.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional area of the drainage inlet gradually increases from the first drainage channel 14 to the second drainage channel, and as some embodiments of the present application, the drainage inlet can be configured as a "horn" or "funnel" type opening. The opening of the drainage inlet away from the first drainage channel 14 is relatively small, and along the extension direction of the first drainage channel 14, the cross-sectional area of the drainage inlet gradually increases and smoothly connects with the first drainage channel 14.

[0047] In this way, the secretions (such as mucus, sputum, etc.) can be smoothly guided to the first drainage channel 14 under the action of negative pressure or gravity, which can effectively reduce the local resistance of the secretions at the drainage inlet, and further reduce the risk of accumulation and blockage of the secretions at the drainage inlet.

[0048] The inner surface of the first drainage channel 14 and the second drainage channel is provided with a hydrophobic coating. As some embodiments of the present application, the hydrophobic coating can be configured as a Parylene C (poly-p-xylylene C) vapor deposition coating or a fluorine-containing silane self-assembled monolayer.

[0049] This arrangement can guide the flow of exudate, reduce the risk of exudate adhering to the first drainage channel 14 and the second drainage channel, make it difficult for exudate to stay on the pipe wall of the first drainage channel 14 and the second drainage channel, facilitate cleaning, keep the first drainage channel 14 and the second drainage channel unobstructed, and inhibit bacterial growth to ensure patient safety.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the drainage outlet has an anti-reflux valve or a sealing cover.

[0051] As some embodiments of the present application, a standard Luer lock interface can be designed on the side wall of the second drainage channel as the drainage outlet, which facilitates the connection of the drainage outlet with a suction device (such as a standard negative pressure suction device, a manual sputum suction device, or a sealed drainage bag).

[0052] As some embodiments of the present application, when the drainage outlet is not connected with a suction device, the anti-reflux valve or the sealing cover is in a closed state to avoid impurities flowing from the drainage outlet into the second drainage channel.

[0053] By providing the drainage outlet with an anti-reflux valve or a sealing cover, impurities can be prevented from flowing from the drainage outlet into the second drainage channel, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the first drainage channel 14 and the second drainage channel. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first acoustic sensing part 3 is located at the end of the first body 1 away from the second body 2. That is, the first acoustic sensing part 3 is located near the soft palate adjacent to the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.

[0054] In this way, the first acoustic sensing part 3 is located at a position where the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's breathing sound wave is large. When the patient wears the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100, the patient's breathing can generate subtle vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the breathing sound wave inside the first body 1. The first acoustic sensing part 3 can capture the subtle vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the breathing sound wave and convert it into a corresponding optical signal, so that the first acoustic sensing part 3 can be sensitive and reliable when collecting the breathing signal, and the accuracy of signal collection is improved.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 further comprises a second acoustic sensing part 4, which is arranged on the optical fiber 5 and located in the first body 1, and is used to convert the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's respiratory sound wave into an optical signal.

[0056] As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the optical fiber 5 and are both arranged on the optical fiber 5.

[0057] The second acoustic sensing part 4 is arranged on the optical fiber 5 and located in the first body 1, and as some embodiments of the present application, the specific manufacturing process of the second acoustic sensing part 4 can be: using femtosecond laser to etch a 25µm cavity pit on the end face of the optical fiber 5, fusing and bonding a silicon nitride diaphragm, and then vacuum injecting medical silicone oil to protect the cavity pressure, and then coating a polyimide shell to reduce water vapor permeation.

[0058] The second acoustic sensing part 4 is used to convert the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's respiratory sound wave into an optical signal, and as some embodiments of the present application, the second acoustic sensing part 4 is used to convert the vibration of the patient's respiratory sound wave into an optical signal, or the second acoustic sensing part 4 is used to convert the pressure fluctuation of the patient's respiratory sound wave into an optical signal, or the second acoustic sensing part 4 is used to convert the vibration and pressure fluctuation of the patient's respiratory sound wave into an optical signal.

[0059] In this way, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 can work together to synchronously capture the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the respiratory sound wave at different positions in the patient's nasal cavity and airway, making the respiratory signal acquisition more sensitive, improving the accuracy of signal acquisition, and when one of the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 fails, the other one can still effectively acquire the respiratory signal, improving the reliability of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second acoustic sensing part 4 is located between the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second body 2; and / or, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 are both configured as Bragg gratings or Fabry-Perot interference microcavity structures; and / or, the material of the nasopharyngeal catheter body is medical grade silicone and / or medical grade plastic; The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 further comprises an annular pressure sensing bag 8, which is arranged between the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 and connected with the optical fiber 5.

[0061] The second acoustic sensing part 4 is located between the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second body 2. As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3, the second acoustic sensing part 4 and the second body 2 are arranged in sequence. As some embodiments of the present application, the second acoustic sensing part 4 can be located at the middle of the first body 1, that is, the second acoustic sensing part 4 is located close to the posterior narial entrance.

[0062] In this way, the position of the second acoustic sensing part 4 is arranged reasonably, which facilitates the capture of the patient's breathing signal, and the axial space of the optical fiber 5 can be fully utilized, thereby reducing the risk of interference between the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4.

[0063] The first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 are both configured as Bragg gratings or Fabry-Perot interference microcavity structures. As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 can be formed by tapering a single-mode optical fiber 5 into a tip with a diameter of 80 µm, and then processing a microcavity at a distance of 30 µm from the tip. A piece of silicon nitride film is fixed on the microcavity by bonding technology for sealing and packaging. During the packaging process, a pre-stress of 10 kPa is applied to the film. After frequency response test, the sensitivity of the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 in the frequency response band of 20–5000 Hz is 210 mV / Pa, so that the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 can capture the subtle vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the patient's breathing sound wave and convert it into a corresponding optical signal.

[0064] As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 are both configured as Bragg gratings. The specific configuration of the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 is that, on the optical fiber 5, advanced femtosecond laser direct writing technology or 193 nm excimer laser combined with phase mask method is used to write Bragg gratings. Femtosecond laser direct writing technology uses its extremely short pulse and high peak power to directly excite electrons from the valence band to the conduction band through nonlinear optical effects such as multi-photon absorption and avalanche ionization, causing local refractive index changes in the optical fiber 5 and forming a grating structure. The Bragg grating formed in this way has excellent resistance to extreme environments such as high temperature and excellent stability. The 193 nm excimer laser combined with the phase mask method modulates the laser through the phase mask plate, and on the photosensitive core doped with photosensitive elements such as germanium and phosphorus and treated with hydrogen, the periodic modulation of refractive index is induced by ultraviolet laser exposure to form a Bragg grating. This method is mature in technology and precise in parameter control. After writing, the Bragg grating is firmly fixed to the inside of the silica gel sleeve wall of the optical fiber 5 by epoxy sealant.

[0065] As some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 are both configured as Fabry-Perot interference microcavity structures. At the end face of the optical fiber 5, the Fabry-Perot interference microcavity is carefully made by using front-line microfabrication technologies such as femtosecond laser processing and micro-nano etching. The Fabry-Perot interference microcavity is usually composed of two extremely flat and parallel reflecting surfaces, which can be realized by evaporating a high-reflectivity metal film (such as silver, aluminum, etc.) on the end face of the optical fiber 5 or using a multilayer dielectric film. When the throat sound wave propagates to the end face of the optical fiber 5, it will directly act on the light propagation environment in the microcavity, causing a slight change in the optical path in the microcavity.

[0066] For example, in the actual manufacturing process, high-purity optical materials are selected to construct the microcavity. By precisely controlling the length of the microcavity, the flatness of the reflecting surface, and the characteristics of the medium in the cavity, etc., the high sensitivity response of the microcavity to acoustic vibrations is ensured. When the throat acoustic vibration is transmitted to the microcavity, the length of the microcavity or the refractive index of the medium in the cavity will change. According to the Fabry-Perot interference principle, the interference fringes of the light signal reflected from the microcavity will change accordingly, generating a first optical response. This structure relies on the design of the all-fiber 5 and exhibits excellent adaptability and stability in complex physiological environments. It has a high sensitivity to weak acoustic signals and can effectively detect various sound signals in the throat, including respiratory sounds, laryngeal spasm vibrations, etc., providing strong support for the acoustic monitoring function of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 of the present application. In addition, the optical fiber microcavity also has the advantages of easy coupling, low loss, simple mode distribution, and mature dispersion control. Compared with other micro-resonant cavity platforms, it is more suitable for application in the acoustic sensing scenario of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 of the present application.

[0067] This arrangement allows the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 to convert acoustic pressure into optical signals using the grating resonance principle, so that the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 have the advantages of no electromagnetic radiation, small volume, high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization, electromagnetic interference resistance, high sensitivity, etc.

[0068] The material of the nasopharyngeal catheter body is medical-grade silicone and / or medical-grade plastic. As some embodiments of the present application, the medical-grade plastic is the above-mentioned Pebax model that has passed biocompatibility certification and meets ISO 10993, USP Class VI, or FDA standards, etc.

[0069] Medical-grade silicone and medical-grade plastic have good biocompatibility and softness, which can improve the comfort of the patient wearing and reduce the risk of deformation or damage to the patient's nasal mucosa when the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 bends in the nasal cavity and airway.

[0070] An annular pressure sensing bladder 8 is disposed between the first acoustic sensing unit 3 and the second acoustic sensing unit 4 and connected to the optical fiber 5. This is one of the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first acoustic sensor 3, the annular pressure sensing bladder 8, and the second acoustic sensor 4 are connected in sequence via optical fiber 5.

[0071] The annular pressure sensing capsule 8 can detect the circumferential pressure of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 on the patient's airway, reducing the risk of airway tissue compression damage caused by over-insertion or improper positioning of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100. It can also achieve intelligent positioning of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, improving the comfort and safety of the patient.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first body 1 has a mounting groove 11, and the optical fiber 5 includes a first sub-section 51 and a second sub-section 52. The first sub-section 51 is connected to the second sub-section 52. The first sub-section 51 is located inside the mounting groove 11, and the second sub-section 52 is located outside the mounting groove 11 and is used to connect to the demodulation host. The first acoustic sensing unit 3 and the second acoustic sensing unit 4 are both located in the first sub-section 51.

[0073] As some embodiments of this application, the mounting groove 11 is constructed as the groove described above, and the mounting groove 11 can be formed by injection molding or machining (e.g., engraving).

[0074] As some embodiments of this application, the mounting groove 11 may be disposed on the inner wall or outer wall of the first body 1 and extend along the axial direction of the first body 1. As some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mounting groove 11 is provided on the inner wall of the first body 1 and extends along the axial direction of the first body 1. The groove depth of the mounting groove 11 can be 0.25mm and the groove width of the mounting groove 11 can be 0.28mm.

[0075] The first sub-part 51 is disposed in the mounting groove 11. As some embodiments of this application, the first sub-part 51 is housed in the mounting groove 11 and fixed by UV medical epoxy or ultraviolet curing adhesive.

[0076] The second sub-part 52 is located outside the mounting groove 11 and is used to connect to the demodulation host. As some embodiments of this application, one end of the second sub-part 52 is connected to the first sub-part 51, and the other end of the second sub-part 52 is connected to the demodulation host. As some embodiments of this application, the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 also includes a quick-connect connector. The second sub-part 52 is located outside the mounting groove 11 and extends longitudinally along the outer side of the first body 1 to the nasal wing side. One end of the quick-connect connector is connected to the second sub-part 52, and the other end of the quick-connect connector can be connected to the demodulation host.

[0077] The first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 are arranged on the first sub-part 51, and according to some embodiments of the present application, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the first sub-part 51 (i.e., the extension direction of the optical fiber 5).

[0078] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second acoustic sensing part 4 is closer to the second sub-part 52 than the first acoustic sensing part 3.

[0079] By arranging the first sub-part 51 in the mounting groove 11, the space occupation of the optical fiber 5 inside the first body 1 can be reduced, the increase of the outer diameter of the first body 1 can be effectively controlled, the comfort of the patient when wearing the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100 can be improved, and the ventilation effect of the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100 can be ensured. By arranging the second sub-part 52 outside the mounting groove 11, the second sub-part 52 can be connected to the demodulation host to monitor the breathing condition of the patient in real time. By arranging the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 on the first sub-part 51, the first acoustic sensing part 3 and the second acoustic sensing part 4 can be arranged in the airway of the patient, so that the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100 can be sensitive and reliable when collecting the breathing signal, and the accuracy of signal collection can be improved.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100 further comprises an acoustic sensitive film arranged in the first body 1 and covering the open end of the mounting groove 11.

[0081] The acoustic sensitive film can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene or medical silicone film. The acoustic sensitive film directly contacts the respiratory airflow in the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100, so that the acoustic sensitive film can vibrate synchronously with the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the breathing sound wave. The acoustic sensitive film transmits the breathing sound wave information to the first sub-part 51 of the optical fiber 5 in the mounting groove 11 through vibration. The acoustic sensitive film directly contacts the respiratory airflow in the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100, which can reduce the direct contact between the first sub-part 51 in the mounting groove 11 and the airway environment in the smart nasopharyngeal catheter 100, and reduce the risk of discontinuous transmission of breathing information caused by respiratory airflow and secretions. The acoustic sensitive film can make the open end surface of the mounting groove 11 smooth, reduce the turbulent noise when the breathing information flows through the mounting groove 11, and improve the stability of the breathing information collection.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, the mounting groove 11 is filled with encapsulation glue.

[0083] The first sub-part 51 of the optical fiber 5 and the first body 1 are encapsulated by the encapsulation glue, which is smooth and can withstand 134°C high-pressure steam sterilization. The encapsulation glue can be made of UV medical epoxy material or ultraviolet curing glue. In this application, the encapsulation glue is made of UV medical epoxy material as an example. The encapsulation glue has uniform wall thickness after being encapsulated by UV medical epoxy.

[0084] The encapsulation glue fixes the first sub-portion 51 in the mounting groove 11 through physical wrapping, which can reduce the risk of displacement of the first sub-portion 51 caused by the impact of the respiratory airflow in the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 or the movement of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, and can isolate sputum, body fluid and the like from eroding the first acoustic sensing portion 3 and the second acoustic sensing portion 4, which is conducive to ensuring the air tightness in the mounting groove 11, thereby improving the service life of the first acoustic sensing portion 3 and the second acoustic sensing portion 4. The encapsulation glue needs to withstand high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization, and has strong chemical stability after solidification, so that the encapsulation glue is not prone to degradation or deformation during the sterilization of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, which is conducive to meeting the sterilization requirements of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 further comprises a plug connector connected with the second sub-portion 52, and the plug connector is used to connect with a demodulation host.

[0086] As some embodiments of the present application, the second sub-portion is covered with a flexible medical sheath to reduce the risk of breakage caused by pulling of the second sub-portion.

[0087] The fast plug connector can facilitate the connection of the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 to the demodulation host by medical staff.

[0088] The respiratory sound monitoring system according to the embodiments of the present application comprises an intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 and a demodulation host. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 is the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 described above, and the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100 is connected with the demodulation host. The demodulation host is used to receive the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing portion 3 and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal for respiratory monitoring, and is used to issue an alarm and send monitoring data and alarm information to a monitoring terminal when the respiration is abnormal.

[0089] As some embodiments of the present application, the demodulation host can analyze the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing portion 3 and convert it into an electrical signal through a digital signal processing algorithm, and extract relevant parameters (such as respiratory frequency, respiratory intensity, etc.). The digital signal processing algorithm can include filtering, feature extraction and pattern recognition, etc., to determine the respiratory cycle, calculate the number of breaths per minute, and detect abnormal breathing patterns (such as apnea, i.e. long time without breathing).

[0090] The demodulation host is used to send monitoring data and alarm information to a monitoring terminal when an abnormality occurs, and as some embodiments of the present application, the demodulation host can issue an alarm through sound or light when the respiratory sound wave reaches the preset condition, and the demodulation host can send monitoring data and alarm information to a monitoring terminal (such as a smart phone App of a patient or family member, a monitoring computer of a nurse station, a central monitoring system of a hospital, etc.), so that the patient, family member, medical staff or remote monitoring platform can obtain the patient monitoring data and alarm information in real time to realize remote monitoring and data recording. As some embodiments of the present application, the demodulation host can also be used to receive control instructions from a remote device (such as adjusting the alarm threshold, starting data recording, etc.).

[0091] In this way, the patient can be monitored for breathing, and an alarm can be issued when an abnormality is detected to ensure patient safety, while the patient, family member, medical staff or remote monitoring platform can obtain the patient monitoring data and alarm information in real time to realize remote monitoring and data recording.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 The demodulation host includes a light source 10, a photodetector 20, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit 30, and a microprocessor 40. The light source 10 is used to emit an optical signal to the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, the photodetector 20 receives the returned optical signal and converts it into an electrical signal, and the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 30 is used to convert the electrical signal into a digital signal and send it to the microprocessor 40. The microprocessor 40 is used to perform airflow phase detection on the digital signal to separate the respiratory phase, and perform short-time Fourier transform and Mel spectrum feature extraction. The support vector machine and convolutional neural network are used to determine whether the current audio frame is in an abnormal state according to the extracted features, and an alarm is issued and monitoring data and alarm information are sent to a monitoring terminal when the current audio frame is in an abnormal state.

[0093] The light source 10 is used to emit an optical signal to the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, and as some embodiments of the present application, the light source 10 can couple light of a certain wavelength into the first acoustic sensing part 3. When the patient wears the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter 100, the vibration and / or pressure fluctuation of the respiratory sound wave generated by the patient's breathing will cause slight vibration or pressure fluctuation on the first acoustic sensing part 3, which can change the light intensity or spectral characteristics of the light to modulate the optical signal.

[0094] The photodetector 20 receives the returned optical signal and converts it into an electrical signal, and as some embodiments of the present application, the photodetector 20 can receive the optical signal fed back by the first acoustic sensing part 3 under the action of the respiratory sound wave and convert it into a corresponding electrical signal.

[0095] The digital-analog conversion circuit 30 is used to convert the electrical signal into a digital signal and send it to the microprocessor 40. As some embodiments of the present application, the digital-analog conversion circuit can be electrically connected to the photodetector 20 and the microprocessor 40. Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 4 As shown, the photodetector 20 can transmit the electrical signal to the analog-digital conversion circuit, which converts the electrical signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the microprocessor 40 for respiratory monitoring by the microprocessor 40. As some embodiments of the present application, the analog-digital conversion circuit can be electrically connected to the photodetector 20 and the microprocessor 40.

[0096] By setting the light source 10, it is convenient to make the first acoustic sensing part 3 collect signals. By setting the photodetector 20, the analog-digital conversion circuit, and the microprocessor 40, it is convenient to process the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part 3 in stages for respiratory monitoring.

[0097] As some embodiments of the present application, the microprocessor 40 can analyze the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part 3 and convert it into a digital signal through a digital signal processing algorithm, and extract relevant parameters (such as respiratory rate, respiratory intensity, etc.). The digital signal processing algorithm can include filtering, feature extraction, and pattern recognition, etc. to determine the respiratory cycle, calculate the respiratory rate per minute, and detect abnormal respiratory patterns (such as long-term apnea).

[0098] The digital signal processing algorithm can be divided into four key links: Preprocessing stage: the microprocessor 40 analyzes the optical signal from the first acoustic sensing part 3 and converts it into a digital signal, and detects the respiratory airflow phase of the digital signal. By analyzing the direction change of the respiratory airflow, the inspiration phase and the expiration phase are distinguished, wherein the respiratory airflow speed of the expiration phase is fast, which can easily cause the soft tissue vibration of the throat, the sound energy is high, the frequency characteristics are obvious, the respiratory airflow of the inspiration phase is relatively stable, the sound energy is low, and sometimes it may be accompanied by a slight inspiration whistle.

[0099] Specifically, the inspiration phase and the expiration phase can be distinguished by energy detection, zero-crossing rate detection, etc.

[0100] When energy detection is performed, the short-time energy (square sum of signal amplitude) of the audio frame can be calculated. The average energy of the expiration segment is usually significantly higher than that of the inspiration segment, and an energy threshold is set. If the threshold is exceeded, it is judged as the expiration phase.

[0101] When zero-crossing rate detection is performed, the number of times the signal crosses zero in a unit of time can be calculated. The pure expiration sound (such as snoring sound) has strong periodicity, and the zero-crossing rate is low, while the inspiration sound or the background noise has a high zero-crossing rate.

[0102] Feature extraction stage: Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is used to obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the signal, and Mel spectrum is used for feature extraction. This double feature extraction strategy can not only retain the physical characteristics of the original signal (through short-time Fourier transform), but also highlight the feature dimensions sensitive to abnormal sounds (through Mel spectrum).

[0103] Specifically, the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is first calculated to obtain the linear spectrum, and then the Mel filter bank is used to generate the Mel spectrum.

[0104] Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) divides long signals into many short, quasi-stationary frames through a sliding window function, and then performs Fourier transform on each frame to obtain the time-frequency spectrum of the signal.

[0105] Mel spectrum performs secondary feature extraction by simulating the nonlinear perception of the human ear.

[0106] Intelligent diagnosis stage: A hybrid model of support vector machine (SVM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) can be constructed: support vector machine (SVM) is responsible for rapid screening of typical breathing patterns, and convolutional neural network (CNN) identifies complex sound feature patterns through deep learning. When the feature vector of the audio frame meets the abnormal judgment condition of both models at the same time, the system will trigger an abnormal state marker (for example, the duration of silence continuously reaches or exceeds 10 seconds, which is judged as a respiratory pause event).

[0107] Support vector machine (SVM) can fold short-time Fourier transform (STFT) or Mel spectrum data into one-dimensional feature vectors.

[0108] Convolutional neural network (CNN) automatically learns local patterns in the frequency spectrum through convolutional layers (for example, the harmonic structure unique to snoring sound), realizes translation invariance through pooling layers, and finally classifies through fully connected layers.

[0109] Alarm and data transmission stage: When the identified abnormal events (such as snoring intensity exceeding a certain decibel value, respiratory pause time ≥ 10 seconds) reach the preset alarm threshold (for example, the threshold exceeds 3 cycles to trigger an alarm), the monitoring terminal (such as the patient's or family member's smart phone App, the nurse station's monitoring computer, the hospital central monitoring system, etc.) is sent monitoring data and alarm information.

[0110] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the application.

[0111] In the description of the application, "first feature" and "second feature" can include one or more of the features.

[0112] In the description of the application, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0113] In the description of the application, "above" or "below" the first feature of the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them.

[0114] In the description of the application, "above", "over" and "on" the first feature of the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only means that the first feature is higher than the second feature in height.

[0115] In the description of the application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the description of the application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0116] Although embodiments of the application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, and the scope of the application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart nasopharyngeal catheter, characterized in that, include: The nasopharyngeal duct body includes a first body and a second body, the first body being connected to the second body, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second body gradually increasing from one end of the second body closer to the first body to the other end farther from the first body. A first acoustic sensor and an optical fiber, at least a portion of which is embedded in the first body, the first acoustic sensor being disposed in the optical fiber and located within the first body, the first acoustic sensor being used to convert the vibration and / or pressure fluctuations of the patient's respiratory sound waves into optical signals, and the optical fiber being used to connect to a demodulation host so that the demodulation host receives the optical signals from the first acoustic sensor.

2. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first body has multiple annular grooves on its outer wall, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the first body. Each annular groove is provided with an airbag. The inner wall of the first body has a receiving groove, and part of the air tube is received in the receiving groove. The air tube passes through the first body and communicates with the airbag. The air tube is also connected to an air source.

3. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first body has a first drainage channel extending along the extension direction of the first body, and the second body has a second drainage channel extending along the extension direction of the second body. The end of the first drainage channel near the second drainage channel is connected to the second drainage channel. The end of the first drainage channel away from the second drainage channel is open and configured as a drainage inlet. The end of the second drainage channel away from the first drainage channel is open and configured as a drainage outlet.

4. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to claim 3, characterized in that, From the first drainage channel to the second drainage channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the drainage inlet gradually increases; And / or, the inner surfaces of the first drainage channel and the second drainage channel are provided with a hydrophobic coating.

5. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drainage outlet has an anti-backflow valve or a sealing cap.

6. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second acoustic sensor is disposed in the optical fiber and located within the first body. The second acoustic sensor is used to convert the vibration and / or pressure fluctuations of the patient's respiratory sound waves into optical signals.

7. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second acoustic sensor is located between the first acoustic sensor and the second body; And / or, both the first acoustic sensing unit and the second acoustic sensing unit are constructed as Bragg gratings or Fabry-Perot interference microcavity structures; And / or, the nasopharyngeal catheter body is made of medical-grade silicone and / or medical-grade plastic; And / or, further comprising: an annular pressure sensing bladder, the annular pressure sensing bladder being disposed between the first acoustic sensing unit and the second acoustic sensing unit and connected to the optical fiber.

8. The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first body has a mounting groove, the optical fiber includes a first sub-section and a second sub-section, the first sub-section is connected to the second sub-section, the first sub-section is disposed in the mounting groove, the second sub-section is disposed outside the mounting groove and is used to connect to the demodulation host, and the first acoustic sensing unit and the second acoustic sensing unit are both disposed in the first sub-section.

9. A respiratory sound monitoring system, characterized in that, include: The intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter is the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter according to any one of claims 1-8; The demodulation host is connected to the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter. The demodulation host is used to receive optical signals from the first acoustic sensor and convert the optical signals into electrical signals for respiratory monitoring. It is also used to issue an alarm and send monitoring data and alarm information to the monitoring terminal when there is an abnormality in breathing.

10. The respiratory sound monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The demodulation host includes: a light source, a photodetector, a digital-to-analog converter circuit, and a microprocessor. The light source is used to emit the optical signal to the intelligent nasopharyngeal catheter. The photodetector receives the returned optical signal and converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The digital-to-analog converter circuit is used to convert the electrical signal from analog to digital and then send it to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is used to perform airflow phase detection on digital signals to separate the breathing phase, and to perform short-time Fourier transform and Mel spectrum feature extraction. It uses support vector machine and convolutional neural network to determine whether the current audio frame is in an abnormal state based on the extracted features, and issues an alarm when it is in the abnormal state and sends the monitoring data and alarm information to the monitoring terminal.

Images