Coal gangue crushing and screening integrated equipment for narrow and small space of underground coal mine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground coal mine equipment, in particular to coal gangue crushing and screening integrated equipment for a narrow and small space in an underground coal mine, which comprises a bearing plate, and a screening assembly for screening coal aggregate is arranged at the top of the bearing plate; the top of the bearing plate is fixedly connected with a crushing assembly located above the screening assembly and used for crushing coal briquette aggregate, and a storage assembly used for absorbing dust is arranged at the bottom of the bearing plate. A plurality of supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the bearing plate; a plurality of motors are arranged on one side of the bearing plate and coaxially and fixedly connected with cams located below the screening assembly. Coal aggregate crushing and screening equipment is integrated, and coal dust generated in the crushing and screening process is captured, so that the size of the crushing and screening equipment is reduced, the crushing and screening equipment can be flexibly arranged in a narrow roadway space, meanwhile, the dust concentration in the roadway environment is reduced, and the air quality of an underground operation space is improved; and adverse effects of dust accumulation on the operation stability and the service life of the equipment are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of underground coal mine equipment, in particular to a coal gangue crushing and screening integrated device for narrow space in underground coal mine. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of underground coal mining, the coal block aggregate is transported to the belt conveyor after being crushed, screened and transferred, to complete the transportation from the mining section to the transfer station. In this series of operations, the crushing machine, screening machine, transfer machine and belt conveyor and other equipment continuously crush the coal block aggregate into smaller aggregate or fine particles and transport them to the next process through the roadway. However, in the crushing and screening process, the crushing and screening equipment occupies a large space volume, which is not conducive to arrangement in narrow roadway space, and the crushing and screening process is often accompanied by the generation of a large amount of coal dust. These dusts diffuse into the air in the shaft, and due to the narrow space and limited ventilation conditions in the underground space, the dusts are easily accumulated and filled in the shaft, forming a "dust cloud" state.

[0003] Once the coal dust fills the shaft, it not only seriously deteriorates the underground working environment, but also poses a major threat to personnel and equipment safety. First, from the perspective of personnel health, long-term exposure to high-concentration inhalable coal dust environment can cause various occupational lung diseases, such as coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), etc. Secondly, from the perspective of equipment safety, the accumulation of dust in the shaft not only hinders the efficiency of the ventilation system, but also fine dust floating in the air can form a combustible or explosive dust cloud, especially in the presence of flammable gas in the underground, the mixture of dust and gas is easy to cause explosion accidents. In addition, the dust layer deposited on the surface of the equipment, the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor, the unloading port of the transfer machine and the ceiling of the shaft can also change the friction performance, transmission efficiency and maintenance period of the equipment, increase the maintenance cost and shorten the service life of the equipment.

[0004] Take a product named Xin Siman linear screen as an example, which is mainly composed of a support frame, a vibration motor and a screen plate. When in use, the screen is arranged at the discharge port of the crushing device, and the vibration motor is turned on to vibrate and screen the coal block aggregate entering the screen plate after being crushed by the crushing device. However, since the linear screen is of an open structure, when vibrating and screening the coal block, the coal dust falling off the low-moisture coal block will be scattered in the air, posing a threat to the health of the workers in the shaft, and accelerating the wear and tear and aging of the equipment. In view of the above, it is necessary to propose a coal gangue crushing and screening integrated device for narrow space in underground coal mine to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a coal and gangue crushing and screening integrated device for narrow space in underground coal mine, which is aimed at efficient crushing and screening of high-moisture coal blocks, and the efficiency of high-moisture coal blocks is greatly increased under the double action of vibration and roller, and the coal dust generated in the process of crushing and screening of low-moisture coal blocks is efficiently captured, thereby reducing the dust concentration in the shaft environment, improving the air quality of the underground operation space, and further improving the operation safety, reducing the potential harm of dust to the health of the operating personnel, and reducing the adverse effects of dust accumulation on the running stability and service life of the equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a coal and gangue crushing and screening integrated device for narrow space in underground coal mine, comprising a load-bearing plate, the top of the load-bearing plate is provided with a screening assembly for screening coal block aggregates; the top of the load-bearing plate is fixedly connected with a crushing assembly above the screening assembly for crushing coal block aggregates, and the bottom of the load-bearing plate is provided with a storage assembly for absorbing dust; the bottom of the load-bearing plate is provided with a plurality of supporting legs; The load-bearing plate is provided with a plurality of motors, each motor is coaxially fixedly connected with a cam below the screening assembly, and the screening assembly is located in the movement track of the cam; a pressing plate is arranged below each cam in the movement track of the cam, and a reset assembly for resetting the pressing plate is arranged at the bottom of each pressing plate, and the reset assembly is fixedly connected with the storage assembly; The reset assembly is fixedly connected with a supporting rod on one side, the other end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a vertical rod, and the other end of the vertical rod is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is slidingly connected with an L-shaped air cavity fixedly connected to the screening assembly, and the short end of the L-shaped air cavity extends into the screening assembly; the top of the storage assembly is communicated with a pipeline, and the long end of the L-shaped air cavity is communicated with the pipeline, and a one-way valve is arranged at the communication position of the pipeline and the L-shaped air cavity.

[0007] The technical principle of the above scheme is as follows: when the device is running, the crushing assembly directly conveys the crushed coal blocks to the lower screening assembly, the motor drives the cam to rotate, the cam periodically extrudes the lower pressing plate, and the pressing plate moves downward against the reset assembly, at this time the reset assembly is in a compressed state; when the cam rotates to the non-extrusion position, the reset assembly releases the elastic potential energy to drive the pressing plate to reset upward. The up-down reciprocating movement of the pressing plate is transmitted to the sliding block through the supporting rod and the vertical rod, so that the sliding block slides in the L-shaped air cavity along the axial direction: when the sliding block slides upward, the volume of the L-shaped air cavity increases to form negative pressure, and the coal dust generated in the screening process is sucked into the L-shaped air cavity through the channel connected with the screening assembly; when the sliding block slides downward, the volume of the L-shaped air cavity decreases, and the internal gas pressure rises to press the captured dust into the storage assembly through the pipeline for collection. In this process, the screening assembly, the L-shaped air cavity, the pipeline and the storage assembly form a closed air flow loop, so that the dust is continuously sucked into the storage assembly from the screening area under the drive of mechanical movement, realizing dynamic capture and isolation of the dust. The integrated layout of the crushing assembly and the screening assembly enables the coal block aggregate to complete the crushing and screening operation in a closed space, reduces the dust diffusion path from the source, improves the safety of the underground transportation operation environment, and reduces the adverse effects of dust on personnel health and equipment operation.

[0008] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this scheme, the mechanical linkage structure of the cam, the pressing plate, the reset assembly and the L-shaped air cavity is used to drive the dust capture by the power of the screening operation, without the need for additional dust suction power source, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the device and the underground power supply load, and realizing the collaborative operation of energy saving and dust removal.

[0009] 2. In this scheme, the crushing, screening and dust capture functions are integrated, which can adapt to both high-moisture coal block aggregate and low-moisture coal block aggregate. The closed air flow system formed by the L-shaped air cavity and the pipeline enables the dust to be immediately sucked into the storage assembly by negative pressure after being generated, effectively reducing the problems of high-moisture material easily blocking the roller screen and low-moisture material dust diffusion in traditional open screening devices, significantly reducing the concentration of dust cloud in the shaft, improving the underground operation environment, and reducing the adverse effects of dust on personnel health and equipment operation.

[0010] 3. In this scheme, the periodic suction and exhaust action of the L-shaped air cavity is realized by mechanical transmission, the dust capture efficiency is dynamically matched with the screening operation intensity, and the dust capture effect is synchronized with the increase of the dust generation stage (such as the peak period of vibrating screening), thereby improving the pertinence and stability of dust capture and reducing the dust deposition amount on the surface of the device and the maintenance cost.

[0011] Further, the crushing assembly comprises a crushing cabin, a crushing roller is rotationally connected in the crushing cabin, a feeding pipe is communicated with the top of the crushing cabin, and a discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the crushing cabin.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By setting up a closed crushing chamber structure, the dust generated during the crushing process of coal is confined within the chamber, reducing the possibility of direct diffusion into the shaft environment; the directional connection design of the feed pipe and the discharge pipe can guide the material to flow along a preset path, reducing the dust overflow caused by material splashing; at the same time, the rotation crushing method of the crushing roller can reduce the impact intensity of the material, indirectly reducing the amount of dust generated and improving the dust source control effect.

[0013] Furthermore, a baffle is hinged to the end of the feed pipe away from the crushing chamber.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The baffle can automatically open under the action of gravity when the material is fed and close by its own weight after feeding is completed, forming a dynamic seal on the feed pipe port, effectively preventing the high-pressure airflow in the crushing chamber from carrying dust out of the feed port in the opposite direction, further enhancing the dust isolation capability of the crushing process and reducing the possibility that the feed channel will become a weak point for dust diffusion.

[0015] Furthermore, the screening assembly includes several springs that are fixedly connected to the top of the load-bearing plate, and the other end of each spring is fixedly connected to a fixing plate; A baffle is provided above the load-bearing plate, and a roller screen is provided above the baffle. The frames of both the baffle and the roller screen are fixedly connected to the fixed plate. There are guard plates on both sides of the baffle, and the other side of the guard plate is slidably engaged with the two sides of the roller screen. The baffle is located in the movement trajectory of the cam.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The elastic connection structure between the spring and the fixed plate enables the roller screen to maintain a stable amplitude and frequency during vibration and roller screening, improving screening efficiency; the roller screen design can realize the grading and screening of coal aggregates, reduce excessive vibration of fine materials on a single-layer roller screen, and reduce secondary dust; the coordination between the baffle and the cam motion trajectory makes the mechanical linkage between screening vibration and dust collection more direct, ensuring dynamic matching between screening intensity and dust collection efficiency, and enhancing the synchronicity of dust collection.

[0017] Furthermore, the storage assembly includes a storage compartment fixedly connected to the bottom of the load-bearing plate, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage compartment.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The storage compartment provides a closed storage space for the captured dust, reducing secondary dust diffusion and maintaining the closed nature of the dust collection system.

[0019] Furthermore, each reset assembly includes a telescopic rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate. The other end of each telescopic rod is slidably fitted with a sleeve fixedly connected to the support plate. One end of each telescopic rod located inside the sleeve is provided with a reset spring, and the other end of each reset spring is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate.

[0020] Beneficial effect: the sliding fit structure of the telescopic rod and the sleeve provides guidance for the reciprocating movement of the pressing plate, reduces the lateral deviation in the resetting process, ensures the axial movement accuracy of the sliding block in the L-shaped air cavity; the elastic resetting action of the resetting spring can make the pressing plate move more smoothly, improve the continuity of the L-shaped air cavity negative pressure / positive pressure conversion, ensure the stable circulation of dust suction and discharge, and improve the dust capture efficiency.

[0021] Further, the inner wall of the crushing cabin is provided with a plurality of impact blocks.

[0022] Beneficial effect: the impact blocks can form a synergistic crushing effect with the crushing rollers, reduce the direct grinding time of the crushing rollers through the collision and crushing of the coal block aggregates and the impact blocks, and reduce the amount of dust generated by friction; meanwhile, the irregularly distributed impact blocks can change the movement trajectory of the material, so that the large material is crushed into uniform particles after multiple collisions in the cabin, reducing the generation of fine powder and reducing the dust concentration from the source.

[0023] Further, the end of each supporting leg away from the load-bearing plate is provided with a positioning anchor.

[0024] Beneficial effect: the positioning anchor can be inserted into the underground ground to rigidly fix the equipment, prevent displacement caused by screening vibration or equipment operation, ensure the relative position accuracy of the linkage components such as the cam, the pressing plate, and the L-shaped air cavity, enhance the overall stability of the equipment, and reduce the influence of vibration noise on the underground environment.

[0025] Further, a plurality of atomizers are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the storage cabin.

[0026] Beneficial effect: the atomizers can spray water mist into the storage cabin, so that the captured dust particles adhere to water, increasing the self-weight of the dust and reducing its flying property, preventing the dust in the storage cabin from being dispersed again due to air flow disturbance or cleaning operation; the humidified dust is easy to agglomerate into lumps, facilitating subsequent centralized treatment and reducing the risk of secondary dust pollution.

[0027] Further, a hatch is hingedly connected to one side of the storage cabin, and a filter screen is arranged on the hatch.

[0028] Beneficial effect: the hinged hatch facilitates periodic opening and cleaning of the stored dust, improving maintenance convenience; the filter screen can discharge excess air in the cabin when the dust is pressed into the storage cabin, reducing the possibility of high air pressure affecting the normal operation of the L-shaped air cavity, and blocking the dust from flowing out with the exhaust air, ensuring the closed capture effect of the storage cabin and realizing the bidirectional isolation function of "exhaust without dust". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a front view of the coal gangue crushing and screening integrated equipment embodiment of the present application used in the narrow space underground coal mine; Figure 2It is the storage cabin front view of the coal and gangue crushing and screening integrated equipment embodiment for narrow space in coal mine of the present application; Figure 3 It is the cam shaft view of the coal and gangue crushing and screening integrated equipment embodiment for narrow space in coal mine of the present application.

[0030] The reference signs in the drawings of the specification include: 1, bearing plate; 2, supporting leg; 3, motor; 4, cam; 5, pressing plate; 6, supporting rod; 8, vertical rod; 9, sliding block; 10, L-shaped air cavity; 11, pipeline; 12, crushing cabin; 13, crushing roller; 14, feeding pipe; 15, discharging pipe; 16, baffle; 17, spring; 18, fixed plate; 19, baffle; 20, roller screen; 21, storage cabin; 22, supporting plate; 23, telescopic rod; 24, sleeve; 25, return spring; 26, impact block; 27, positioning anchor; 28, atomizer; 29, cabin door; 30, filter screen; 31, guard plate; 32, check valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “center”, “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inner”, “outer” and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, “third” are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms “mounting”, “connection”, “connection” should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] The specific embodiments will be described in further detail below: Embodiment 1

[0035] An integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening device for use in the confined spaces of underground coal mines, see attached document. Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a load-bearing plate 1, with several springs 17 welded to the top of the load-bearing plate 1. Each spring 17 has a fixed plate 18 welded to its top. Through the elastic support of the springs 17, the fixed plate 18 can maintain a stable amplitude during vibration, thereby improving screening efficiency. A baffle 19 is installed above the load-bearing plate 1, and a roller screen 20 is installed above the baffle 19. The frames of both the baffle 19 and the roller screen 20 are welded to the fixed plate 18. Protective plates are welded to both sides of the load-bearing plate 1, and these plates slide in cooperation with the sides of the roller screen 20 and the baffle 19, respectively. A crushing chamber 12 is welded to the top of the load-bearing plate 1. A crushing roller 13 is rotatably connected inside the crushing chamber 12. Several impact blocks 26 are installed on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12. Through the synergistic action of the impact blocks 26 and the crushing roller 13, the coal blocks are subjected to [unspecified force] during the crushing process. The crushing chamber 12 undergoes multiple impacts, reducing the direct grinding time of the crushing roller 13 and decreasing the amount of dust generated by friction. A feed pipe 14 is connected to the top of the crushing chamber 12, with a baffle 16 hinged to the end of the feed pipe 14 away from the crushing chamber 12. The baffle 16's hinged design allows it to automatically open when material is fed and close by its own weight after feeding, effectively preventing dust from escaping from the feed inlet during the crushing process. A discharge pipe 15 is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber 12, allowing the crushed material to fall directly into the screening assembly below for screening. Based on this structure, the basic objective is to achieve integrated crushing and screening of coal aggregates in underground coal mines.

[0036] Specifically, a storage compartment 21 is welded to the bottom of the load-bearing plate 1. Several atomizers 28 are connected to the inner wall of the storage compartment 21 by screws. The water mist sprayed by the atomizers 28 can make the surface of the captured dust particles adhere to moisture, preventing the dust from flying again in the storage compartment 21. A support plate 22 is welded to the bottom of the storage compartment 21. Several legs 2 are welded to the bottom of the load-bearing plate 1. Several motors 3 are fixedly connected to one side of the load-bearing plate 1 by screws, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown, each motor 3 is coaxially keyed to a cam 4 located below the baffle 19. The baffle 19 is located in the movement trajectory of the cam 4. When the motor 3 drives the cam 4 to rotate, the cam 4 can periodically squeeze the baffle 19, thereby causing the fixed plate 18 to vibrate. Each cam 4 is provided with a pressure plate 5 located in the movement trajectory of the cam 4.

[0037] Meanwhile, the bottom of the pressing plate 5 is welded with an extension rod 23, the other end of the extension rod 23 is slidably connected with a sleeve 24 welded on the support plate 22, one end of the extension rod 23 in the sleeve 24 is welded with a return spring 25, the other end of the return spring 25 is welded with the top of the support plate 22, the sliding connection of the extension rod 23 and the sleeve 24 can provide a guide for the reciprocating movement of the pressing plate 5, and the return spring 25 can drive the pressing plate 5 to quickly reset in the non-pressing state of the cam 4; the sleeve 24 is fixedly connected with the support plate 22; Referring to Figure 2 As shown in the drawings, one side of the extension rod 23 is welded with a support rod 6, the other end of the support rod 6 is welded with a vertical rod 8, the other end of the vertical rod 8 is welded with a sliding block 9, the sliding block 9 is slidably connected with an L-shaped air cavity 10 clamped on the guard plate 31, through the transmission of the support rod 6 and the vertical rod 8, the up-and-down movement of the pressing plate 5 can be converted into the axial sliding of the sliding block 9 in the long end of the L-shaped air cavity 10; the short end of the L-shaped air cavity 10 extends through the guard plate 31 to between the baffle 19 and the roller screen 20; so as to generate negative pressure adsorption when the sliding block 9 slides to absorb the dust in the screening process; the top of the storage cabin 21 is connected with a pipeline 11, the long end of the L-shaped air cavity 10 is connected with the pipeline 11, and a one-way valve is arranged at the connection between the pipeline 11 and the L-shaped air cavity 10, so that the dust in the L-shaped air cavity 10 is pressed into the storage cabin 21 through the pipeline 11 to collect, forming a complete dust collection loop.

[0038] The specific implementation process is as follows: first, the feet 2 are inserted into the underground ground to complete the fixation, so as to ensure that the equipment remains stable in the vibration operation. When the coal block aggregate to be processed is thrown into through the feeding pipe 14, the material is pushed away by the self-weight to enter the crushing cabin 12, and after the feeding is completed, the baffle 16 is automatically closed by gravity to block the airflow channel between the crushing cabin 12 and the outside. At this time, the crushing roller 13 in the crushing cabin 12 rotates at high speed under the driving of the driving mechanism, and the coal block is repeatedly impacted and extruded between the crushing roller 13 and the impact block 26, and the large coal block is first preliminarily crushed by the crushing roller 13, and then is secondarily impacted and broken into small particles by the impact block 26. In this process, the setting of the impact block 26 reduces the direct friction contact time between the crushing roller 13 and the material, thereby reducing the amount of superfine dust generated by grinding, and the crushed material falls into the roller screen 20 of the screening assembly through the discharge pipe 15.

[0039] Meanwhile, the motor 3 on one side of the load-bearing plate 1 is started and drives the cam 4 to rotate, and the protruding part of the cam 4 periodically extrudes the baffle 19 upward, so that the baffle 19 drives the fixed plate 18 to displace the spring 17 upward, and the roller screen 20 vibrates synchronously with the fixed plate 18 while rolling and screening; when the cam 4 rotates to the non-protruding section, the spring 17 releases the elastic potential energy to drive the fixed plate 18 and the roller screen 20 to reset downward, forming continuous up-down vibration. The roller screen 20 preliminarily screens the larger particle aggregates, and the coarse aggregate that does not pass is further broken under the action of vibration or is cleaned manually, and the guard plate 31 reduces the lateral overflow of fine particles from between the roller screen 20 and the baffle 19 under high-frequency vibration; At the same time that the cam 4 extrudes the baffle 19, the pressing plate 5 at the bottom thereof is synchronously extruded by the cam 4 and moves downward, driving the telescopic rod 23 to slide downward along the inner wall of the sleeve 24 and compressing the reset spring 25; when the cam 4 rotates to the position of disengaging the pressing plate 5, the rebounding force of the reset spring 25 pushes the telescopic rod 23 to reset upward, so that the pressing plate 5 returns to the initial position. The reciprocating movement of the pressing plate 5 is transmitted to the vertical rod 8 through the support rod 6, and the vertical rod 8 drives the sliding block 9 to slide axially in the long end of the L-shaped air cavity 10; when the sliding block 9 moves upward, the volume of the L-shaped air cavity 10 increases to form negative pressure, and the coal dust generated by the vibration of the baffle 19 and the roller screen 20 is quickly sucked into the L-shaped air cavity 10 through the air duct connected with the storage cabin 21; when the sliding block 9 moves downward, the volume of the L-shaped air cavity 10 decreases, and the internal air pressure increases, and after the one-way valve 32 is opened by air pressure, the captured dust is pressed into the storage cabin 21 through the pipeline 11, and the one-way valve 32 is closed after the dust enters the storage cabin 21, preventing the dust in the storage cabin 21 from escaping to the outside through the L-shaped air cavity 10 again. The atomizer 28 in the storage cabin 21 continuously sprays water mist, so that the surface of the entering dust particles is attached with water and then coagulates and settles, reducing the dust from flying again in the storage cabin 21 due to air flow disturbance, and the support plate 22 supporting the bottom of the storage cabin 21 ensures the structural stability during the dust collection process.

[0040] The scheme reduces dust generation from the source through the synergistic action of the impact block 26 and the crushing roller 13 in the crushing stage, realizes instant dust capture through the negative pressure of the mechanically linked L-shaped air cavity 10 in the screening stage, and prevents secondary dust diffusion through the atomization treatment in the storage stage, so that the crushing, screening and dust removal are integrated and operated. Compared with the traditional open screening equipment, the embodiment is linked by mechanical power and dust capture, which reduces energy consumption while improving dust capture efficiency, effectively solves the technical problems of narrow space and easy dust accumulation in the underground, and reduces the potential harm of dust to the health of workers.

[0041] The following comparative experiments are based on the above-mentioned embodiment design to highlight the dust reduction superiority of the device provided by the above-mentioned embodiment in the processing of underground coal aggregate Experimental purpose The application discloses a "crushing and screening integrated equipment", which can simultaneously adapt to high-moisture coal blocks and low-moisture coal blocks, and can reduce coal dust in the air in underground coal mining operations. The application focuses on dust concentration quantification comparison, and embodies the synergistic effect of the closed structure, mechanical linkage negative pressure trapping and atomization dust setting of the equipment.

[0042] Experimental objects and groups The control group adopts the traditional open screening equipment (such as the Neuman linear screening machine) mentioned in the background technology, and the core structure is an open roller screen 20 + a vibration motor 3 without a dust trapping device.

[0043] The experimental group adopts the "crushing and screening integrated equipment" provided by the application, which has a closed crushing cabin 12, a roller screen 20, a mechanical linkage L-shaped air cavity 10 negative pressure dust collection and a storage cabin 21 atomization dust setting function.

[0044] Experimental condition control Environmental consistency: the same underground tunneling working face of a coal mine (shaft length 100 m, cross-sectional area 8 m², natural ventilation wind speed 0.5 m / s) is selected, and the ventilation system, temperature and humidity (25±2℃, humidity 60±5%) and coal block characteristics (particle size 5-200 mm, moisture content 8%) are kept consistent during the experiment.

[0045] Uniform operation parameters: both groups of equipment process 10 t / h of coal block, and continuously run for 4 hours, and the feeding amount, crushing / screening frequency (vibration motor 3 power 3 kW) are kept the same.

[0046] Measuring instrument: a CCZ20 type dust concentration monitor (range 0-100 mg / m³, accuracy ±5%) is used, and monitoring points are arranged at 1 m, 3 m and 5 m away from the equipment, and the total dust concentration (TSP) and respirable dust concentration (PM2.5 / PM10) are recorded synchronously.

[0047] Experimental steps Control group experiment: The traditional open screening equipment is run, and the dust concentration of each monitoring point is measured before the equipment is started (0h), 1h, 2h, 4h and 30min after the equipment is stopped, and the average value is taken after continuous monitoring for 3 times at each time point.

[0048] Experimental group experiment: The equipment of the application is replaced, and all the environment and operation parameters are kept unchanged, and the above measurement process is repeated, and the dust concentration of the same monitoring point at the same time point is recorded.

[0049] Table 1 experimental data results Conclusion Significant reduction of dust concentration: when the experimental group equipment is running, the total dust concentration at 1m around the equipment is reduced from 8.2mg / m3 of the traditional equipment to 4.3mg / m3, with a reduction rate of 59.2%, and the respirable dust (PM2.5) concentration is reduced to 1.3mg / m3, which is much lower than the limit value of 2mg / m3 specified in the Coal Mine Safety Regulations, effectively eliminating the risk of occupational diseases such as coal worker's pneumoconiosis.

[0050] Inhibition of dust diffusion: the dust of the traditional equipment can diffuse to 8m outside, while the experimental group equipment can control the dust diffusion range within 3m due to the synergistic effect of the closed crushing cabin 12, negative pressure dust collection and atomization dust reduction, and the concentration at 5m from the shaft is close to the background value (0.9mg / m3 vs. background 0.8mg / m3), reducing the possibility of forming "dust cloud" accumulation.

[0051] In summary, the equipment of the present application can reduce the coal dust concentration in the underground air compared with the traditional open equipment through the integrated design of "source sealing + process negative pressure capture + end atomization dust reduction", significantly improve the safety of the working environment, and has outstanding practical value.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 the difference from example 1 is that the positioning anchor 27 is arranged at the end of the supporting leg 2 away from the load-bearing plate 1 to ensure the stability of the equipment during operation.

[0054] The specific implementation process is as follows: when the device is laid out, the positioning anchor 27 is inserted into the ground of the shaft, so that the equipment is rigidly fixed to the ground, preventing displacement caused by vibration or operation of the equipment, ensuring the overall stability of the equipment while improving safety.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 the difference from example 2 is that the hatch 29 is hinged on one side of the storage cabin 21 for the convenience of the operating personnel to clean the dust in the storage cabin 21, and the filter screen 30 is arranged on the hatch 29.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows: when the dust in the storage cabin 21 accumulates too much, the operating personnel can open the hatch 29 to process the dust in the storage cabin 21; at the same time, the filter screen 30 can discharge excess air in the cabin when the dust is pressed into the storage cabin 21, reducing the possibility of affecting the normal work of the L-shaped air cavity 10 due to high air pressure, and blocking the dust from flowing out with the exhaust gas, ensuring the closed capture effect of the storage cabin 21 and realizing the bidirectional isolation function of "exhaust without dust".

[0058] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely example for clearly illustrating but not limitation to the embodiments. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, all the embodiments need not and can not be enumerated. The obvious changes or variations derived from the above description are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening device for use in confined spaces in underground coal mines, comprising a load-bearing plate (1), characterized in that, The top of the load-bearing plate (1) is provided with a screening component for screening coal aggregate; the top of the load-bearing plate (1) is fixedly connected with a crushing component located above the screening component and used for crushing coal aggregate; the bottom of the load-bearing plate (1) is provided with a storage component for absorbing dust; the bottom of the load-bearing plate (1) is provided with several support legs (2). Several motors (3) are provided on one side of the load-bearing plate (1). Each motor (3) is coaxially fixedly connected to a cam (4) located below the screening component, and the screening component is located in the motion trajectory of the cam (4). Each cam (4) is provided with a pressure plate (5) located in the motion trajectory of the cam (4). Each pressure plate (5) is provided with a reset component at the bottom for resetting the pressure plate (5). The reset components are fixedly connected to the storage component. Each side of the reset assembly is fixedly connected to a support rod (6), and the other end of the support rod (6) is fixedly connected to a vertical rod (8). The other end of the vertical rod (8) is provided with a slider (9). The slider (9) is slidably connected to an L-shaped air chamber (10) fixedly connected to the screening assembly. The short end of the L-shaped air chamber (10) extends into the screening assembly. The top of the storage assembly is connected to a pipe (11), and the long end of the L-shaped air chamber (10) is connected to the pipe (11). A one-way valve (32) is provided at the connection between the pipe (11) and the L-shaped air chamber (10).

2. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly includes a crushing chamber (12), a crushing roller (13) is rotatably connected inside the crushing chamber (12), a feed pipe (14) is connected to the top of the crushing chamber (12), and a discharge pipe (15) is provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber (12).

3. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, A baffle (16) is hinged to the end of the feed pipe (14) away from the crushing chamber (12).

4. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that, The screening assembly includes several springs (17) that are fixedly connected to the top of the load-bearing plate (1), and the other end of each spring (17) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (18). A baffle (19) is provided above the load-bearing plate (1), and a roller screen (20) is provided above the baffle (19). The edges of the baffle (19) and the roller screen (20) are fixedly connected to the fixed plate (18). A guard plate (31) is provided on both sides of the baffle (19), and the other side of the guard plate (31) is slidably engaged with the two sides of the roller screen (20). The baffle (19) is located in the movement trajectory of the cam (4).

5. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage assembly includes a storage compartment (21) fixedly connected to the bottom of the load-bearing plate (1), and a support plate (22) fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage compartment (21).

6. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reset components all include a telescopic rod (23) fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (5). The other end of the telescopic rod (23) is slidably fitted with a sleeve (24) fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (22). The telescopic rod (23) is provided with a reset spring (25) at one end inside the sleeve (24). The other end of the reset spring (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (22).

7. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the crushing chamber (12) is provided with several impact blocks (26).

8. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the legs (2) is provided with a positioning anchor (27) at the end away from the load-bearing plate (1).

9. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that, Several atomizers (28) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the storage compartment (21).

10. The integrated coal and gangue crushing and screening equipment for confined spaces in underground coal mines according to claim 9, characterized in that, A door (29) is hinged to one side of the storage compartment (21), and a filter screen (30) is provided on the door (29).

Images