Rear-pulling type floating clamping tool for machining automobile brake drum

Abstract

The invention relates to a rear-pull type floating clamping tool for machining an automobile brake drum, which comprises a supporting seat, a clamping device, a clamping device and a clamping device, and is characterized in that the supporting seat is mounted on a flange plate of a machine tool; the positioning disc is arranged on the supporting seat and is in contact with the bottom surface of the workpiece; the fan-shaped plate is movably arranged on the supporting seat and moves in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; the clamping heads are detachably arranged on the fan-shaped plate, and the number of the clamping heads is multiple; the power device is used for controlling the sector plate to move; the protection device is used for protecting the power device so as to prevent the normal work of the power device from being influenced by chippings; the multiple chucks are distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and when the chucks make contact with the inclined outer wall of the workpiece, inclination adjustment is conducted on the chucks through the power device till the chucks are completely attached to the inclined outer wall of the workpiece. By controlling the fine adjustment work of the fan-shaped plate towards the outer wall of the workpiece, the fan-shaped plate swings at a small angle, and then it can be guaranteed that the chuck is more attached to the workpiece, and clamping is more stable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of a turning clamp, in particular to a rear-pulling floating clamping tool for machining of an automobile brake drum. BACKGROUND

[0002] The automobile brake drum is a core safety component of an automobile braking system and belongs to a typical thin-walled rotary body part. Such a part has high requirements for shape and position tolerances in a finish turning or grinding process.

[0003] In the related art, the automobile brake drum is clamped by a traditional three-jaw chuck during turning, which belongs to point contact clamping. The clamping force is unevenly distributed. If the clamping force is too large, the automobile brake drum will be elastically deformed into a triangular shape. After unloading stress, the workpiece will rebound into a triangular circle, which cannot meet the precision requirements. If the clamping force is too small, the workpiece will easily slip under the cutting torque. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to improve the above technical problems, the application provides a rear-pulling floating clamping tool for machining of an automobile brake drum.

[0005] The rear-pulling floating clamping tool for machining of an automobile brake drum provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme: A rear-pulling floating clamping tool for machining of an automobile brake drum, comprising: A support seat installed on a flange plate of a machine tool; A positioning disc arranged on the support seat and in contact with the bottom surface of the workpiece; A sector plate movably arranged on the support seat and moving along two directions of X and Y axes; A chuck head detachably arranged on the sector plate and provided as a plurality of chuck heads; A power device for controlling the movement of the sector plate; and A protection device for protecting the power device from the influence of debris on the normal operation of the power device; The plurality of chuck heads are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference. When the chuck head is in contact with the inclined outer wall of the workpiece, the chuck head is adjusted in inclination by the power device until the chuck head is completely attached to the inclined outer wall of the workpiece.

[0006] Further, the power device comprises: A diagonal pull column connected with the sector plate and controlling the movement of the sector plate in the X and Y directions; A pull column seat connected with the diagonal pull column and controlling the movement of the diagonal pull column in the vertical direction; A driving part providing movement power to the pull column seat; and A connecting assembly for connecting the diagonal pull column and the sector plate; The support seat is provided with an operation opening for the diagonal pull column to extend out, and the opening size of the operation opening is greater than the cross-sectional area of the diagonal pull column. When the pull column seat moves upward, the pull column drives the sector plate to move outward along the horizontal direction, and when the pull column seat moves downward, the pull column drives the sector plate to move inward along the horizontal direction until the chuck is attached to the outer wall of the workpiece. If the outer wall of the workpiece has an inclination, the sector seat swings when the pull column seat moves downward until it is completely attached to the outer wall of the workpiece.

[0007] Further, the connecting assembly comprises: a wedge-shaped block fixedly connected to the top of the pull column; and a wedge-shaped groove adapted to slide with the wedge-shaped block; The wedge-shaped block moves in the wedge-shaped groove during the movement of the pull column.

[0008] Further, the protection device comprises: a protective skin for covering the operation opening and having elasticity; a scraper assembly for cleaning the waste on the surface of the pull column; and a suction assembly for sucking the waste cleaned by the scraper.

[0009] Further, the scraper assembly comprises: a scraper plate movably arranged in the support seat; a cleaning part arranged on the scraper plate and cleaning the pull column; and a driving part driving the scraper plate through phase change; The scraper plate is provided in multiple and cleans each side surface of the pull column.

[0010] Further, the cleaning part comprises: a sanding piece for rubbing and cleaning the waste on the surface of the pull column; and a resilient piece for connecting the sanding piece and the scraper plate; The resilient piece is used to attach the sanding piece to the side surface of the pull column during the pulling process of the pull column.

[0011] Further, the driving part comprises: a lever rotatably connected to the support seat and having an active end connected to the scraper plate; a torsional spring for connecting the lever and the support seat; a phase change group causing the lever to start rotating through phase change; a transmission group transmitting heat generated by cutting the workpiece to the phase change group; and a switching group causing phase change through self-heating; The lever rotating position is close to the phase change group, and the phase change group preferentially utilizes the heat of the switching group when the temperature of the workpiece exceeds the phase change temperature and utilizes the heat of the transmission group.

[0012] Further, the transmission group comprises: The heat-conducting member is in contact with the phase change group at one end and movably arranged at the other end; The monitoring member is used for monitoring the temperature of the workpiece; and The resetting member is used for realizing that the heat-conducting member is transferred to the workpiece and is reset.

[0013] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present application are: 1. For the brake drum, which is usually a casting, the outer wall thereof can have ovality, taper or surface roughness. If the clamp is absolutely rigid, only partial point contact can be achieved, resulting in unstable clamping. In the embodiment, the power device controls the fine adjustment of the sector plate towards the outer wall of the workpiece, so that the sector plate swings at a small angle, thereby ensuring that the chuck is more closely attached to the workpiece, and the clamping is more stable. The protection device is mainly to prevent debris from entering the inner cavity of the support seat, so as to avoid affecting the normal work of the power device; 2. When the infrared temperature detector detects that the temperature of the workpiece is higher than the phase change temperature, the power supply of the memory alloy wire needs to be controlled and switched. The infrared temperature detector and the electromagnet are connected through the PLC controller, that is, when the infrared temperature detector detects that the temperature of the workpiece bottom plate is higher than the phase change temperature, the power supply of the switching group can be cut off. At this time, under the elastic force of the spring, the heat-conducting rod moves to abut against the workpiece bottom plate. It needs to be emphasized that when the memory alloy wire is phase changed by the switching group, the reset rope is in a relaxed state. When the heat-conducting rod moves to contact the workpiece bottom plate, the reset rope is still located in the protective skin, and the reset rope is straightened. When the workpiece is finished turning, the memory alloy wire is still above the phase change temperature, and during this process, the inclined column starts to move downward, and the debris on the inclined column is cleaned by the frosted piece. After cleaning, when the memory alloy wire starts to cool to the phase change temperature, the lever moves the reset rope downward under the action of the torsional spring. The reset rope pulls the heat-conducting rod towards the slide rod, until the electromagnet and the corresponding protrusion are adsorbed. At this time, the electromagnet is powered on and adsorbs the heat-conducting rod, completing the resetting effect of the heat-conducting rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the protection device of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 6.

[0015] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 1, workpiece; 10, protective skin; 101, suction assembly; 102, scraper; 103, frosted piece; 104, elastic piece; 105, lever; 106, torsional spring; 107, memory alloy wire; 108, driving block; 109, sliding rod; 110, heat-conducting rod; 111, reset rope; 112, electromagnet; 113, spring; 2, support seat; 3, positioning disc; 4, sector plate; 5, chuck; 6, cable-stayed column; 7, column seat; 8, wedge block; 9, wedge groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0017] The embodiments of the present application disclose a rear-pulling floating clamping tool for automobile brake drum processing. Referring to Figure 1 , it comprises: a support seat 2 installed on the flange plate of a machine tool; a positioning disc 3 arranged on the support seat 2 and in contact with the bottom surface of the workpiece 1; the support seat 2 is used to support the entire tool, and the positioning disc 3 is used to support the automobile brake drum, i.e., the positioning disc 3 supports the bottom surface of the automobile disc; A sector plate 4 is movably arranged on the support seat 2 and moves in two directions along the X and Y axes. In this embodiment, the sector plate 4 is arranged to move along the X-axis direction by moving in the horizontal direction, and is arranged to swing along the Y-axis direction for the swing perpendicular to the horizontal direction. Therefore, firstly, it can control the sector plate 4 to slide along the X direction on the support seat 2, and also can control the sector plate 4 to swing along the Y-axis direction, i.e., the sector plate 4 swings at a small angle towards the workpiece 1 direction, similar to "nodding" swing; a chuck 5 is detachably arranged on the sector plate 4 and is arranged in multiple; in this embodiment, the sector plate 4 is also arranged in multiple, the multiple sector plates 4 are distributed along the circumference, and are distributed at equal intervals relative to the central axis direction of the circumference, and two chucks 5 are arranged on each sector plate 4, the chuck 5 and the sector plate 4 are connected by a bolt, and then for different models or types of workpieces 1, the chuck 5 can be replaced at this time, so that the chuck 5 is more convenient to adapt to different models of workpieces 1; and in the process of connecting the chuck 5 and the sector plate 4, the thickness of the gasket can be set at the position of the head of the bolt and the chuck 5 or the combined surface position of the chuck 5 and the sector plate 4, so that the radial position accuracy or pre-tightening force of the chuck 5 can be fine-tuned. The power device is used to control the movement of the sector plate 4, and the protection device is used to protect the power device from the influence of debris on the normal operation of the power device; the power device is used to adjust the inclination of the chuck 5 when the chuck 5 contacts the inclined outer wall of the workpiece 1 until the chuck 5 completely fits the inclined outer wall of the workpiece 1. In this embodiment, the main object is to control the brake drum, which is usually a casting, and its outer wall may have ovality, taper or surface roughness. If the clamp is absolutely rigid, only partial point contact may occur, resulting in unstable clamping. In this embodiment, the power device controls the fine adjustment of the sector plate 4 towards the outer wall of the workpiece 1, so that the sector plate 4 swings at a small angle, thereby ensuring that the chuck 5 fits the workpiece 1 more closely and clamps more stably. The protection device is mainly used to prevent debris from entering the inner cavity of the support seat 2 to avoid affecting the normal operation of the power device.

[0018] The power device includes: a diagonal pull column 6 connected to the sector plate 4 and controlling the movement of the sector plate 4 along the XY direction; a pull column seat 7 connected to the diagonal pull column 6 and controlling the movement of the diagonal pull along the vertical direction; a driving member providing movement power to the pull column seat 7; and a connecting assembly for connecting the diagonal pull and the sector plate 4; in this embodiment, the driving member is set as a hydraulic rod or an oil cylinder, which mainly controls the movement of the pull seat along the vertical direction, and the driving member and the pull seat are connected through an angle seat and a bolt. In addition, the pull column seat 7 is provided with a protrusion, and the diagonal pull seat is inclined at the initial position. The side wall of the diagonal pull seat is provided with a groove matched with the protrusion, and under the cooperation of the length and angle between the protrusion and the groove, the movement of the diagonal pull column 6 can be controlled through the movement of the pull column seat 7. The support seat 2 is provided with an operation port for the extension of the diagonal pull column 6; and the opening size of the operation port is larger than the cross-sectional area of the diagonal pull column 6. During the movement of the diagonal pull column 6, its position in the horizontal position will also be offset, and the size of the operation port needs to be large enough to meet the movement of the diagonal pull column 6 during the movement.

[0019] The connecting assembly comprises a wedge block 8 fixedly connected with the top of the inclined pull column 6, and a wedge groove 9 adapted to slide with the wedge block 8. During the movement of the inclined pull column 6, the wedge block 8 moves in the wedge groove 9. When the inclined pull column 6 moves upward, the wedge block 8 does not move in the wedge groove 9. When the inclined pull column 6 moves downward, the wedge block 8 moves outward in the wedge groove 9. Of course, the wedge block 8 and the wedge groove 9 are provided with an anti-slip structure. In the embodiment, the anti-slip structure is not described again. Of course, the wedge block 8 and the wedge groove 9 can be provided as a dovetail groove or a T-shaped groove matching structure. When the pull column seat 7 moves upward, the inclined pull column 6 drives the sector plate 4 to move outward along the horizontal direction. When the pull column seat 7 moves downward, the inclined pull column 6 drives the sector plate 4 to move inward along the horizontal direction until the chuck 5 is attached to the outer wall of the workpiece 1. At the same time, the sector plate 4 also moves in the vertical direction. When the chuck 5 is hard connected to the workpiece 1, the inclined pull column 6 is continuously pulled. Since the chuck 5 is located on the sector plate 4 and the wedge block 8 and the wedge groove 9 are located on both sides, when the inclined pull column 6 drives the inclined pull block and the inclined pull groove to move downward, the chuck 5 swings toward the workpiece 1.

[0020] The protection device comprises a protection skin 10 for covering the operation opening and having elasticity, a scraper assembly for cleaning the surface of the inclined pull column 6, and a suction assembly 101 for sucking the waste scraped by the scraper assembly. The protection skin 10 is made of leather material, and an opening is provided at the top end of the protection skin 10. The inclined pull column 6 passes through the opening. Of course, the protection skin 10 is provided with elasticity at the opening. Thus, the inclined pull column 6 is pressed during the pulling process. There is still a gap between the protection skin 10 and the inclined pull column 6. The waste falls into the protection skin 10 along the inclined pull column 6. Part of the waste is sucked away by the suction assembly 101, and part of the waste remains on the wall surface of the inclined pull column 6. In order to make the waste on the wall surface of the inclined pull column 6 fall into the inner cavity of the support seat 2, the scraper assembly cleans the surface of the inclined pull column 6.

[0021] The scraper assembly comprises a scraper plate 102 movably arranged in the support seat 2, a cleaning part arranged on the scraper plate 102 and used for cleaning the inclined pull column 6, and a driving part used for driving the scraper plate 102 through phase change. The scraper plate 102 is provided in plurality and used for cleaning each side surface of the inclined pull column 6. In the embodiment, the scraper plate 102 is provided in two. The two scraper plates 102 can surround the inclined pull column 6, and the line between the two scraper plates 102 is perpendicular to the length direction of the inclined pull column 6. The cleaning part has elasticity and a function of frictionally cleaning the waste. The driving part converts the stroke change of the memory alloy material into the control of the movement of the scraper plate 102 toward the inclined pull column 6, so as to clean the surface of the inclined pull column 6.

[0022] The cleaning part comprises a sanding piece 103 for rubbing and cleaning the surface debris of the cable-stayed column 6, and an elastic piece 104 for connecting the sanding piece 103 and the scraper 102; the elastic piece 104 is used to adhere the sanding piece 103 to the side surface of the cable-stayed column 6 during the pulling of the cable-stayed column 6, the elastic piece 104 is made of silica gel material, the sanding piece 103 can be selected from sandpaper or other rubbing equipment, the elastic piece 104 is always in a compressed state, so that the sanding piece 103 always rubs the cable-stayed column 6 for friction cleaning, and the cleaned debris is directly sucked away by the suction assembly 101; the suction assembly 101 adopts the existing technology of a suction pump and a box body, so as to suck the debris into the box body.

[0023] The driving part comprises a lever 105, which is rotationally connected to the support seat 2 and has an active end connected to the scraper 102; a torsion spring 106, which is used to connect the lever 105 and the support seat 2; a phase change group, which makes the lever 105 start to rotate through phase change; a transmission group, which transmits the heat generated by the cutting of the workpiece 1 to the phase change group; and a switching group, which generates phase change through self-heating; the lever 105 is located close to the phase change group, the phase change group preferentially utilizes the heat of the switching group and then utilizes the heat of the transmission group when the temperature of the workpiece 1 exceeds the phase change temperature, the phase change group comprises a memory alloy wire 107 and a driving block 108, one end of the memory alloy wire 107 is fixedly connected to the driving block 108, the driving block 108 is provided with a concave groove, and the corresponding end of the lever 105 is located in the concave groove, the torsion spring 106 is used to ensure that the scraper 102 is located away from the cable-stayed column 6, the phase change process of the memory alloy wire 107 adopts the existing technology of iron-nickel alloy, the initial state of which is in a stretched state, and after phase change, it starts to shrink, so as to control the movement of the driving block 108, the driving block 108 drives the corresponding end of the lever 105 to swing upward, it is emphasized that the corresponding end of the lever 105 and the scraper 102 can be connected or hinged through a dovetail groove structure, the lever 105 drives the scraper 102 to move towards the outer wall of the cable-stayed column 6, at this time, the sanding piece 103 abuts, at this time, the sanding piece 103 blocks the cable-stayed column 6, that is, the elastic piece 104 and the sanding piece 103 block the operation port, at the same time, when the chuck 5 needs to be separated from the workpiece 1, the cable-stayed column 6 needs to be controlled to move upward at this time, and the cable-stayed column 6 rubs the sanding piece 103 during the movement, so as to clean the debris on the outer wall of the cable-stayed column 6.

[0024] The switching group in the embodiment is to electrify the memory alloy wire 107, at this time the memory alloy wire 107 starts to heat and then phase change, and the transferring group is to cut the workpiece 1 to generate heat to make the memory alloy wire 107 phase change, it is emphasized that the temperature of the heat generated in the cutting process of the workpiece 1 is greater than the phase change temperature of the memory alloy wire 107, of course, the heat of the chuck 5 can also be transferred or the temperature of the workpiece 1 can be transferred, although water cooling is carried out in the cutting process, but the temperature of the workpiece 1 in the friction process is still higher than the phase change temperature, and it is noted that the water flushing in the turning process does not affect the temperature and phase change of the memory alloy wire 107.

[0025] The transferring group comprises a heat conducting piece, one end of which is in contact with the phase change group and the other end of which is movably arranged, a monitoring piece for monitoring the temperature of the workpiece 1, and a resetting piece for realizing that the heat conducting piece is transferred to the workpiece 1 and is reset, the heat conducting piece comprises a heat conducting rod 110 and a sliding rod 109, the bottom of the sliding rod 109 is provided with a heat conducting ring, the heat conducting ring is sleeved outside the memory alloy wire 107, the heat conducting ring is in heat transfer with the memory alloy wire 107, the sliding rod 109 and the heat conducting rod 110 adopt copper material with good heat conducting performance, the other end of the heat conducting rod 110 is located away from the workpiece 1, the resetting piece comprises a spring 113, an electromagnet 112 and a resetting rope 111, the heat conducting rod 110 slides in the sliding rod 109, the side wall of the sliding rod 109 and the side wall of the heat conducting rod 110 are both provided with protrusions, in addition, the heat conducting rod 110 needs to be stretched out, the spring 113 is arranged between the two protrusions, the electromagnet 112 is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding rod 109 and adsorbs the protrusion connected with the heat conducting rod 110, one end of the resetting rope 111 is connected to one end of the lever 105 close to the memory alloy wire 107, and the other end of the resetting rope 111 is fixedly connected with the corresponding protrusion of the heat conducting rod 110.

[0026] The monitoring member is an infrared temperature detector, which monitors the bottom plate of the workpiece 1, that is, when the infrared temperature detector detects that the temperature of the workpiece 1 is higher than the phase transition temperature, the power supply of the memory alloy wire 107 needs to be controlled to switch, which can save power. The infrared temperature detector and the electromagnet 112 are connected through a PLC controller, that is, when the infrared temperature detector detects that the temperature of the bottom plate of the workpiece 1 is higher than the phase transition temperature, the power supply of the switching group can be cut off at this time. Under the elastic force of the spring 113, the heat conduction rod 110 moves to abut against the bottom plate of the workpiece 1. It needs to be emphasized that when the memory alloy wire 107 is switched by the switching group, the reset rope 111 is in a relaxed state, and when the heat conduction rod 110 moves to contact the bottom plate of the workpiece 1, the reset rope 111 is still located in the protective skin 10, and the reset rope 111 is straightened. When the workpiece 1 is finished turning, the memory alloy wire 107 is still above the phase transition temperature, and during this process, the inclined column 6 starts to move downward, and the debris on the inclined column 6 is cleaned by the grinding piece 103. When the memory alloy wire 107 starts to cool to the phase transition temperature after cleaning, the lever 105 drives the reset rope 111 to move downward under the action of the torsional spring 106. The reset rope 111 pulls the heat conduction rod 110 toward the slide rod 109, until the electromagnet 112 is adsorbed to the corresponding protrusion, at this time the electromagnet 112 is powered on and adsorbs the heat conduction rod 110, completing the reset effect of the heat conduction rod 110.

[0027] The implementation principle of the rear-pulling type floating clamping tool for machining of an automobile brake drum according to the embodiment of the application is as follows: for the brake drum, which is usually a casting, the outer wall of the brake drum may have ellipticity, taper or surface roughness. If the clamp is absolutely rigid, only local point contact may be achieved, resulting in unstable clamping. In the embodiment, the power device controls the fine adjustment of the fan-shaped plate 4 towards the outer wall of the workpiece 1, so that the fan-shaped plate 4 swings at a small angle, thereby ensuring that the chuck 5 is more closely attached to the workpiece 1, and the clamping is more stable. The protection device mainly prevents debris from entering the inner cavity of the support seat 2 to avoid affecting the normal operation of the power device.

[0028] When the infrared temperature detector detects that the temperature of the workpiece 1 is higher than the phase transition temperature, at this time, the power supply needs to be controlled to switch the power supply of the memory alloy wire 107, which can save the power supply. The infrared temperature detector and the electromagnet 112 are connected through the PLC controller control, that is, when the infrared temperature detector monitors that the temperature of the workpiece 1 bottom plate is higher than the phase transition temperature, at this time, the power supply of the switching group can be cut off, and at this time, under the action of the elastic force of the spring 113, the heat conduction rod 110 moves to abut against the bottom plate of the workpiece 1. It needs to be emphasized that when the memory alloy wire 107 is switched by the switching group, at this time, the reset rope 111 is in a relaxed state, and when the heat conduction rod 110 moves to contact the bottom plate of the workpiece 1, at this time, the reset rope 111 is still located in the protective skin 10, and the reset rope 111 is straightened, and when the workpiece 1 is finished turning, at this time, the memory alloy wire 107 is still above the phase transition temperature, and during this process, the inclined column 6 starts to move downward, the debris on the inclined column 6 is cleaned by the frosted piece 103, and after cleaning, when the memory alloy wire 107 starts to cool to the phase transition temperature, the lever 105 drives the reset rope 111 to move downward under the action of the torsional spring 106, the reset rope 111 pulls the heat conduction rod 110 toward the slide rod 109, until the electromagnet 112 is adsorbed with the corresponding protrusion, at this time, the electromagnet 112 is powered on and adsorbs the heat conduction rod 110, and the reset effect of the heat conduction rod 110 is completed.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application shall be understood as having the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like used in the specification and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are used to distinguish different components. The terms "one" or "a" and the like do not denote a quantity limitation, but mean that at least one exists. The terms "include" or "contain" and the like mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "contain" cover the elements or objects listed after "include" or "contain" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0030] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums, characterized in that, include: Support base, mounted on the flange of the machine tool; The positioning plate is mounted on the support base and contacts the bottom surface of the workpiece; The sector-shaped plate is movably mounted on the support base and moves along both the X and Y axes. The chuck is detachably mounted on the sector plate and can be configured in multiple ways; The power unit is used to control the movement of the sector plates; as well as Protective devices are used to protect the power unit from debris that could affect its normal operation. Multiple chucks are evenly spaced along the circumference. When the chucks come into contact with the inclined outer wall of the workpiece, the chucks are tilted and adjusted by a power device until the chucks are completely in contact with the inclined outer wall of the workpiece.

2. The rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power unit includes: The inclined tie column connects to the sector plate and controls the movement of the sector plate in the XY direction; Tie column seat, connected to the diagonal tie column and controlling the movement of the diagonal tie column in the vertical direction; The driving component provides the motion power to the tie rod seat; and Connecting components for connecting the tie rod and the sector plate; The support base is provided with an operating port for the extension of the inclined tie column; and the opening size of the operating port is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inclined tie column. When the pull column seat moves upward, the inclined pull column drives the sector plate to move outward along the horizontal direction; when the pull column seat moves downward, the inclined pull column drives the sector plate to move inward along the horizontal direction until the chuck is in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece. If the outer wall of the workpiece has an inclination, the pull column seat moves downwards and the fan-shaped seat swings until it is completely in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece.

3. The rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connection component includes: Wedge-shaped blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the tie rods; and Wedge-shaped groove, adapted to slide with wedge block; During the movement of the inclined tie column, the wedge block moves within the wedge groove.

4. The rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective device includes: A protective cover, which is elastic and used to cover the outside of the operating port; A scraper assembly is used to clean debris from the surface of the tie rods; and The suction assembly is used to suck up the scraped debris.

5. The rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums according to claim 4, characterized in that, The scraper assembly includes: The scraper is movably mounted within the support base; The cleaning section, located on the scraper, cleans the inclined tie rods; and The drive unit drives the scraper through a phase change; Multiple scrapers are used to clean all sides of the tie rod.

6. The rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cleaning unit includes: Abrasive parts are used to clean debris from the surface of the tie rods; and Elastic components are used to connect abrasive parts and scrapers; During the pulling process of the tie rod, the elastic element is used to fit the abrasive part against the side of the tie rod.

7. The rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive unit includes: The lever is rotatably connected to the support base, and its movable end is connected to the scraper. Torsion springs are used to connect levers to support bases; The phase change mechanism causes the lever to start rotating through a phase change. The heat transfer group transfers the heat generated during workpiece cutting to the phase change group; and The switching group undergoes a phase change through self-heating. The lever rotates close to the phase change group. The phase change group prioritizes using the heat from the switching group. Once the workpiece temperature exceeds the phase change temperature, it utilizes the heat from the transfer group.

8. The rear-pull floating clamping fixture for machining automotive brake drums according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission group includes: The heat-conducting component has one end in contact with the phase change unit and the other end is movable. Monitoring components are used to monitor the temperature of the workpiece; and A reset component is used to ensure that the heat transfer from the heat-conducting component to the workpiece is completed and the workpiece is reset.

Images