Energy-saving still kettle for producing calcium silicate board

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of still kettles, and particularly discloses an energy-saving still kettle for producing calcium silicate boards, which comprises a kettle body and a sealing door mounted on the kettle body, and is characterized by further comprising a plurality of stirring devices, the gas distribution mechanism is mounted on the inner wall of the kettle body and is used for conveying high-temperature steam into the kettle body in a spiral pulse manner; and the heat preservation mechanism is used for recycling heat dissipated by the high-temperature steam in the kettle body and carrying out heat preservation on the kettle body. The gas distribution device has the effect of reducing wasted energy consumption in the gas distribution process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of autoclaves, in particular to an energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards. BACKGROUND

[0002] The autoclave is also called a steam curing kettle or a pressure steam kettle, and is a large pressure container with a large volume and a heavy weight. The autoclave is widely used, and is applied to the autoclave curing of building materials such as aerated concrete blocks, concrete pipe piles, sand-lime bricks, coal ash bricks, microporous calcium silicate boards, new-type light wall materials, asbestos board, high-strength gypsum and the like, and the hydrothermal reaction of CaoSi02-H2O is completed in the autoclave. Meanwhile, the autoclave is also widely applied to the production of rubber products, wood drying and corrosion prevention, heavy metal smelting, glass steam curing, chemical fiber product high-pressure treatment, food can high-temperature and high-pressure treatment, paper pulp cooking, cable vulcanization, fishing net shaping and the like, and the autoclave is also applied to the production processes of industries such as chemical industry, medicine, aerospace industry, thermal insulation materials, textile industry and the like.

[0003] In the related art, an environment-friendly autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards is disclosed. After the building materials enter the autoclave, high-temperature steam is introduced into the inner cavity through the gas inlet, and the pressure and temperature sensors are used for real-time monitoring. When the autoclave reaches the standard, the gas inlet valve is closed, and water is injected into the heat preservation cavity through the water inlet to maintain the temperature stability of the inner cavity. If the pressure in the inner cavity is too high but the temperature is insufficient, the exhaust valve can be opened to exhaust steam and reduce the pressure. When the autoclave is opened to take out the materials after the building materials are processed, the heat preservation liquid in the heat preservation cavity can reduce heat loss and shorten the subsequent new material heating time. The high-temperature steam discharged can transfer heat to the water in the steam tank through the condenser pipe, and the heat preservation liquid with a higher temperature in the heat preservation cavity can also be directly discharged into the steam tank, so as to reduce the energy consumption of steam preparation. At the same time, the condensate water generated by the autoclave and the heat preservation liquid drainage are collected into the filter tank, filtered through the filter screen and filter membrane, and then transported to the steam tank to be heated again to high-temperature steam, realizing the recycling of water resources. When the autoclave needs to be stopped, the inner cavity is first pumped to vacuum and cooled by a vacuum pump, and then cold water is injected into the heat preservation cavity to accelerate cooling. Before the autoclave door is opened after cooling, the heating ring needs to be started to make the temperature of the two ends of the autoclave body consistent with the internal temperature, so as to avoid the temperature difference from causing the inner wall to crack. Then, the temperature of the heating ring is slowly reduced until the temperature in the autoclave is uniform with the temperature outside. Through such precise temperature control, heat preservation design, heat and water recycling and shutdown protection measures, the building material processing quality can be guaranteed, the energy consumption and resource loss can be reduced, and the service life of the equipment can be prolonged.

[0004] For the related art in the above, the following defects exist in the above scheme: the design of introducing high-temperature steam through a single gas inlet has the following energy consumption problems. The uneven distribution of steam leads to local overheating. It is difficult for single gas inlet to realize uniform distribution of steam in the kettle. The steam density is large near the gas inlet, and the steam density is small far away. In order to ensure that the far away area meets the process requirements, excess steam needs to be introduced. Local overheating not only wastes energy, but also may affect product quality.

[0005] The gas distribution efficiency is low, and it takes a long time for steam to reach uniform distribution in the kettle. During the gas distribution process, steam contacts with the cold wall to produce condensation, resulting in energy loss. The production of condensed water further reduces the effective utilization efficiency of steam.

[0006] Therefore, although the above scheme can reduce certain energy consumption through the heat preservation structure of the kettle body, the design of introducing high-temperature steam through a single gas inlet still has high energy consumption. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to reduce the energy consumption wasted in the gas distribution process, the present application provides an energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate board.

[0008] The energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate board provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate board, comprising a kettle body and a sealing door installed on the kettle body, further comprising: A gas distribution mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the kettle body for spiral pulse delivery of high-temperature steam into the kettle body; A heat preservation mechanism is used to recycle the heat emitted by the high-temperature steam in the kettle body and to heat preserve the kettle body.

[0009] Optionally, the gas distribution mechanism comprises: A spiral pipe is coaxially installed on the inner wall of the kettle body; A plurality of pulse gas distribution valves are installed on the spiral pipe and uniformly distributed along the length direction of the spiral pipe; A steam generating device is provided outside the kettle body for gas supply towards both ends of the spiral pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the pulse gas distribution valve comprises: A valve body pipe is in communication with one end of the spiral pipe and closed at the other end; A side gas outlet pipe is in communication with the side wall of the valve body pipe at one end and used for gas supply towards the kettle body at the other end; A piston rod is coaxially provided in the valve body pipe and connected with the valve body pipe in dynamic sealing; A gas outlet hole is provided at one end of the piston rod towards the spiral pipe for communication between the spiral pipe and the side gas outlet pipe; A pulse nozzle is arranged at the air outlet of the side air outlet pipe to enable the side air outlet pipe to pulse air; A reset spring is connected to one end of the piston rod and the other end of the valve body pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the air distribution mechanism further comprises; A spiral guide plate is coaxially installed on the inner wall of the kettle body and arranged along the spiral direction of the spiral pipe; The pulse nozzle is used to spray air towards the spiral guide plate.

[0012] Optionally, the pulse air distribution valve further comprises; A first limiting ring is arranged in the valve body pipe on one side of the piston rod; A second limiting ring is arranged in the valve body pipe on the other side of the piston rod to cooperate with the first limiting ring to limit the movement range of the piston rod; The first limiting ring and the second limiting ring can be magnetically adsorbed with the piston rod.

[0013] Optionally, the piston rod comprises; An air outlet rod is coaxially and movably arranged in the valve body pipe to set the air outlet hole; A sealing rod is coaxially connected with the air outlet rod and coaxially and movably arranged in the valve body pipe to block the air inlet of the side air outlet pipe; A sealing piston has three, respectively arranged at the connection between the air outlet rod and the sealing rod, the end of the air outlet rod away from the sealing rod, and the end of the sealing rod away from the air outlet rod, to enable the air outlet rod and the sealing rod to be dynamically sealed with the valve body pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the pulse air distribution valve further comprises; A one-way valve is arranged in the air outlet hole to enable the air outlet hole to unidirectionally outlet air towards the side air outlet pipe; A two-way air pump is connected to one end of the two ends of the spiral pipe and the other end of the steam generating device; A three-way air valve is connected to the first end of the two-way air pump, the second end of the steam generating device, and the third end is open.

[0015] Optionally, the pulse nozzle comprises; A nozzle is connected to the air outlet end of the side air outlet pipe; A fan-shaped plate is installed at the end of the nozzle away from the side air outlet pipe to partially block the air outlet end of the nozzle; A baffle plate is rotationally arranged at the air outlet of the air jet pipe to block part of the air outlet of the air jet pipe.

[0016] An impeller is rotatably installed in the air injection pipe for driving the air baffle to rotate.

[0017] Optionally, the heat preservation mechanism comprises: A heat preservation cavity is embedded in the kettle wall of the kettle body for wrapping the reaction chamber of the kettle body; A water delivery pump is connected to one end of the heat preservation cavity and the other end of the water delivery pump is connected to one end of the spiral pipe through a water inlet valve; A water outlet valve is connected to the other end of the spiral pipe and the other end of the water outlet valve is connected to the heat preservation cavity; A water outlet pump is connected to the heat preservation cavity and the other end of the water outlet pump is connected to the liquid inlet end of the steam generating device; The bi-directional air pump is connected to the two ends of the spiral pipe through air inlet valves.

[0018] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The kettle body in the present application is the core container of the whole system, and a sealed door forms a closed reaction space, which provides a basic condition for efficient use of energy. The spiral pipe, spiral guide plate and pulse air distribution valve of the air distribution mechanism and other components optimize the transportation and distribution of steam, so that the steam can be transported in a spiral, pulse and vortex manner, thereby being able to contact the processing materials more fully and improving the heat transfer efficiency. The heat preservation cavity, water delivery pump and water outlet pump of the heat preservation mechanism realize efficient recovery and recycling of heat and auxiliary cooling of the kettle body. Through the cooperative design of the kettle body, air distribution mechanism and heat preservation mechanism, the technical problem of low thermal efficiency and high energy consumption of the traditional steam pressure kettle is successfully solved. Compared with the prior art, the present application significantly improves the energy utilization efficiency.

[0019] 2. In the operation of the gas distribution mechanism in the application, the combination of the spiral pipe coaxially installed on the inner wall of the kettle body and the plurality of pulse gas distribution valves forms a full-range gas distribution channel. The steam generating device supplies gas to both ends of the spiral pipe through the bidirectional air pump and the three-way air valve. The inlet valve controls the flow direction and pressure of the steam, so that the high-temperature steam forms a symmetrical spiral flow in the spiral pipe. When the gas pressure of the high-temperature steam in the spiral pipe rises to a certain extent, it will overcome the elastic force of the reset spring, the resistance of the piston rod dynamic seal, and the magnetic adsorption force between the piston rod and the first limiting ring, and then push the piston rod towards the second limiting ring, until the piston rod and the second limiting ring are adsorbed. At this time, when the piston rod and the second limiting ring are in contact, the gas outlet end of the gas outlet hole is coaxially communicated with the side gas outlet pipe. At this time, the reset spring cooperates with the magnetic adsorption force between the piston rod and the second limiting ring and the gas pressure of the high-temperature steam to limit the piston rod, improving the stability of the piston rod gas outlet. Then the high-temperature steam can pass through the gas outlet hole, the one-way valve, the side gas outlet pipe and the pulse nozzle in turn, and then spray pulse airflow towards the spiral guide plate direction. The spiral guide plate guides the steam to form a continuous spiral flow field, ensuring that the steam can fully contact each part of the treated material. This spiral pulse conveying method enables the steam to be more fully contacted with the treated material, improves the utilization efficiency of the steam, reduces the waste of the steam, and maximizes the utilization of the steam. Before the subsequent cooling and pressure reduction stage begins, the steam generating device is closed, and then the bidirectional air pump operates in reverse. At this time, under the action of the one-way valve, the steam in the kettle body cannot flow back into the spiral pipe, and then a negative pressure is generated in the spiral pipe, so that the piston rod moves towards the spiral pipe until it contacts the first limiting ring, so that the sealing rod blocks the side gas outlet pipe, ensuring that the piston rod can be effectively reset. Then the opening and closing of the pulse gas distribution valve is realized by the air suction and air release of the bidirectional air pump. Since the pulse gas distribution valve operates in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, compared with the traditional electric control valve, the mechanical structure of the pulse gas distribution valve is more stable.

[0020] 3. The insulation mechanism in this application can efficiently recover and utilize the heat emitted by the high-temperature steam inside the vessel, and also insulate the vessel. During the heating and pressurization stages and the constant temperature and pressure stages of the vessel, the inlet and outlet valves are closed, and the water in the insulation chamber does not enter the spiral tube, avoiding interference with the steam generator's mid-process steam delivery to the vessel through the spiral tube. However, the water in the insulation chamber still recovers the heat emitted by the vessel. After the water temperature in the insulation chamber rises, it can insulate the vessel, thus achieving the first recovery and utilization of the vessel's thermal energy. At the beginning of the cooling and depressurization stage, the cold water in the insulation chamber has already heated up by continuously absorbing the heat emitted by the vessel during the heating and pressurization stages and the constant temperature and pressure stages. At this time, the water pump first delivers the heated water to the steam generator. Compared with the steam generator heating cold water to a steam state, the steam generator consumes less energy to heat hot water to a steam state during subsequent operation, thus achieving the second recovery and utilization of the vessel's thermal energy. Then, cold water is injected into the insulation chamber through the water exchange valve box. Next, the inlet valve, outlet valve, and water pump are opened, causing the cold water to circulate within the spiral tube. The cold water absorbs heat from the high-temperature steam inside the reactor, accelerating the cooling process. Simultaneously, the water temperature within the insulation chamber gradually rises, thus insulating the reactor. This reduces energy consumption during subsequent secondary processing of calcium carbonate boards and the reinjection of high-temperature steam into the insulated reactor, achieving a third round of heat recovery from the reactor. The combination of the insulation mechanism and the spiral tube improves energy efficiency and reduces energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the insulation cavity; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pulse air distribution valve; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a pulse air distribution valve.

[0023] Figure label: 1. Kettle body; 11. Sealing door; 10, air distribution mechanism; 2, spiral pipe; 3, spiral guide plate; 4, pulse air distribution valve; 41, valve body pipe; 411, side air outlet pipe; 42, piston rod; 4201, air outlet hole; 421, air outlet rod; 422, sealing rod; 43, reset spring; 44, first limit ring; 441, second limit ring; 45, sealing piston; 46, one-way valve; 47, pulse nozzle; 471, nozzle; 472, sector plate; 473, impeller; 474, air baffle; 5, steam generating device; 51, two-way air pump; 52, three-way air valve; 53, air inlet valve; 6, heat preservation mechanism; 61, heat preservation cavity; 62, water inlet valve; 63, water outlet valve; 64, water exchange valve; 65, water delivery pump; 66, water outlet pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-5 The application is further described in detail.

[0025] The embodiment of the application discloses an energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate board.

[0026] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate board, comprising a kettle body 1 and a sealing door 11 installed on the kettle body 1, further comprising: Air distribution mechanism 10 for spiral pulse delivery of high-temperature steam into the kettle body 1, specifically, the air distribution mechanism 10 comprises: Spiral pipe 2 coaxially installed on the inner wall of the kettle body 1; Pulse air distribution valve 4, multiple, and all installed on the spiral pipe 2, and all uniformly distributed along the length direction of the pipeline of the spiral pipe 2, thereby forming a full-range steam injection channel; Steam generating device 5, provided outside the kettle body 1, for supplying steam to both ends of the spiral pipe 2. The steam generating device 5 here selects a conventional steam generating device such as a steam boiler that can meet the requirements of the autoclave, and the steam outlet end of the steam generating device 5 is connected with both ends of the spiral pipe 2; Heat preservation mechanism 6 for recycling the heat emitted by the high-temperature steam in the kettle body 1 and heat preservation of the kettle body 1.

[0027] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 andFigure 3 In the embodiment of the present application, the gas distribution mechanism 10 adopts the spiral pipe 2 coaxially installed on the inner wall of the kettle body 1 as a steam delivery channel, and a plurality of pulse gas distribution valves 4 are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the spiral pipe 2 to form a full-range steam injection system. The steam generating device 5 is arranged outside the kettle body 1, and high-temperature steam forms a symmetrical spiral flow in the spiral pipe 2 by supplying gas to both ends of the spiral pipe 2. When the steam enters the spiral pipe 2, a periodic pulse airflow is formed under the action of the pulse gas distribution valve 4, so that the high-temperature steam can be injected from multiple directions at the same time to form a uniformly distributed three-dimensional heat field in the kettle body 1. This spiral pulse delivery mode can ensure that the steam fully contacts the treated material to achieve efficient heat transfer and uniform heating effect. The present application not only solves the technical problems of uneven steam distribution and low thermal efficiency of the traditional kettle body 1 device, but also realizes efficient utilization of steam. The heat preservation mechanism 6 collects and converts the heat emitted by the kettle body 1, and then uses the recovered heat to insulate the kettle body 1 to form a closed heat circulation system. Through the cooperative work of the gas distribution mechanism 10 and the heat preservation mechanism 6, the present application not only solves the technical problems of low thermal efficiency and high energy consumption of the traditional kettle body 1 device, but also realizes the recycling of heat energy, which has good economic and environmental benefits.

[0028] With reference to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the pulse gas distribution valve 4 comprises: a valve body pipe 41, one end of which is in communication with the spiral pipe 2 and the other end of which is closed; a side gas outlet pipe 411, one end of which is in communication with the side wall of the valve body pipe 41 and the other end of which is arranged open in the kettle body 1, that is, for supplying gas to the kettle body 1; a piston rod 42, which is coaxially movably arranged in the valve body pipe 41 and is in dynamic sealing connection with the valve body pipe 41, specifically, in order to prevent the piston rod 42 from rotating in the valve body pipe 41, the piston rod 42 is a straight cylindrical body with a non-circular center such as an elliptical cross section; an air outlet hole 4201, which is arranged at one end of the piston rod 42 facing the spiral pipe 2 and is used for connecting the spiral pipe 2 and the side gas outlet pipe 411, specifically, the air inlet end of the air outlet hole 4201 is arranged on the end face of the piston rod 42 facing the spiral pipe 2, and the air outlet end of the air outlet hole 4201 is arranged on the side wall of the piston rod 42, and by adjusting the position of the piston rod 42 in the valve body pipe, the air outlet end of the air outlet hole 4201 can be in communication with the side gas outlet pipe 411; a first limiting ring 44, which is arranged in the valve body pipe 41 on one side of the piston rod 42, specifically, the first limiting ring 44 is located between the piston rod 42 and the spiral pipe 2; The second limiting ring 441 is arranged in the valve body pipe 41 on the other side of the piston rod 42, and is used to cooperate with the first limiting ring 44 to limit the moving range of the piston rod 42. Specifically, the second limiting ring 441 is located between the piston rod 42 and the closed end of the valve body pipe 41. Both the first limiting ring 44 and the second limiting ring 441 can be magnetically adsorbed with the piston rod 42. Specifically, both the first limiting ring 44 and the second limiting ring 441 are magnetic members, and the piston rod 42 is a metal rod that can be adsorbed by a magnet. The pulse nozzle 47 is arranged at the air outlet of the side air outlet pipe 411, and is used to enable the side air outlet pipe 411 to pulse air. The reset spring 43 has one end connected with the piston rod 42 and the other end connected with the closed end of the valve body pipe 41.

[0029] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5In the embodiment of the present application, the initial state of the pulse air distribution valve 4 is that the air outlet hole 4201 is located between the side air outlet pipe 411 and the spiral pipe 2, that is, the piston rod 42 blocks the side air outlet pipe 411. With the injection of high-temperature steam into the spiral pipe 2, under the action of air pressure, the piston rod 42 will gradually overcome the elastic force of the return spring 43 and the resistance of the dynamic seal, and then push the piston rod 42 to move towards the closed end of the valve body pipe 41 until the air outlet end of the air outlet hole 4201 is in communication with the side air outlet pipe 411, and then the high-temperature steam can be input through the side air outlet pipe 411, and then the high-temperature steam is sprayed out in a pulse manner through the pulse nozzle; 47 towards the kettle body 1. After the high-temperature steam is input, the elastic force of the return spring 43 drives the piston rod 42 to reset, so that the piston rod 42 blocks the air inlet of the side air outlet pipe 411 again. The design of the pulse nozzle; 47 enables the steam to be sprayed in a pulse manner, thereby enhancing the penetration and mixing effect of the steam, making the heating of the treated material more uniform, and significantly improving the stability of product quality. In addition, the pulse control mode of this purely mechanical structure does not require an additional electric control system, thereby reducing the equipment cost and maintenance difficulty in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and improving the reliability and service life of the equipment. The first limiting ring 44 and the second limiting ring 441 define the movement range of the piston rod 42. When the piston rod 42 abuts against the first limiting ring 44, the piston rod 42 blocks the side air outlet pipe 411. At this position, the piston rod 42 is also magnetically adsorbed between the first limiting ring 44 and the second limiting ring 441. When the piston rod 42 abuts against the first limiting ring 44, the return spring 43 cooperates with the magnetic adsorption force between the piston rod 42 and the first limiting ring 44 to jointly limit the piston rod 42. Similarly, during air outlet, the air pressure also needs to overcome the magnetic adsorption force between the piston rod 42 and the first limiting ring 44. When the piston rod 42 abuts against the second limiting ring 441, the air outlet end of the air outlet hole 4201 is coaxially communicated with the side air outlet pipe 411. At this time, the return spring 43 cooperates with the magnetic adsorption force between the piston rod 42 and the second limiting ring 441 and the air pressure of the high-temperature steam to jointly limit the piston rod 42, thereby improving the stability of the air outlet of the piston rod 42.

[0030] With reference to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the air distribution mechanism 10 further comprises; the spiral flow guide plate 3 is coaxially installed on the inner wall of the kettle body 1 and is arranged along the pipe spiral direction of the spiral pipe 2; the pulse nozzle; 47 is opposite to the spiral flow guide plate 3 and is used for spraying air towards the spiral flow guide plate 3.

[0031] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4In the embodiment of the present application, when the high-temperature steam is sprayed from the pulse nozzle 47, it first impacts on the spiral guide plate 3, changes the flow direction under the guidance of the guide plate, and enables the steam to flow along the surface of the spiral guide plate 3, forming a continuous spiral flow field in the kettle body 1, and ensuring that the steam can fully contact each part of the processing material. The spiral guide plate 3 not only plays a role in guiding the steam flow, but also can enhance the degree of turbulent flow of the steam, improve the heat transfer efficiency, and maximize the use of steam energy.

[0032] With reference to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the piston rod 42 comprises; an air outlet rod 421 coaxially movably arranged in the valve body pipe 41, used for setting an air outlet hole 4201, specifically, the air outlet hole 4201 extends from the end face of the air outlet rod 421 near one end of the spiral pipe 2 to the air inlet of the side air outlet pipe 411 opposite; a sealing rod 422 coaxially connected with the air outlet rod 421 and coaxially movably arranged in the valve body pipe 41, used for plugging the air inlet of the side air outlet pipe 411; a sealing piston 45 having three, respectively coaxially arranged at the connection between the air outlet rod 421 and the sealing rod 422, the end of the air outlet rod 421 away from the sealing rod 422, and the end of the sealing rod 422 away from the air outlet rod 421, used for enabling the air outlet rod 421 and the sealing rod 422 to be in dynamic sealing connection with the valve body pipe 41, specifically, the air outlet rod 421 and the sealing rod 422 are also in dynamic sealing connection with the valve body pipe 41.

[0033] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4In the embodiment of the present application, the piston rod 42 adopts a composite structure in which the air outlet rod 421 is coaxially connected with the sealing rod 422. The air outlet rod 421 is provided with an air outlet hole 4201 extending from the end face to the position of the side air outlet pipe 411, forming a steam flow passage. The sealing rod 422 is used to block the air inlet of the side air outlet pipe 411 in the initial state. Three sealing pistons 45 are respectively arranged at the connection between the air outlet rod 421 and the sealing rod 422, the free end of the air outlet rod 421, and the free end of the sealing rod 422, forming a multiple dynamic sealing structure with the valve body pipe 41. When the high-temperature steam enters the valve body pipe 41, the steam pressure acts on the sealing piston 45 at the end of the air outlet rod 421, pushing the entire piston rod 42 assembly to move against the force of the return spring 43. When the air outlet rod 421 moves to a specific position, the air outlet hole 4201 is communicated with the side air outlet pipe 411, and the steam is sprayed out through the air outlet hole 4201 and the side air outlet pipe 411. When the steam pressure in the spiral pipe 2 decreases, the return spring 43 drives the piston rod 42 to reset, and the sealing rod 422 blocks the side air outlet pipe 411 again, cutting off the steam passage. The distribution design of the three sealing pistons 45 forms a multi-stage sealing structure, which not only ensures the dynamic sealing performance between the air outlet rod 421, the sealing rod 422 and the valve body pipe 41, but also effectively prevents steam leakage, achieving accurate control and reliable sealing of the steam passage.

[0034] With reference to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the pulse air distribution valve 4 further comprises; a one-way valve 46 arranged in the air outlet hole 4201, for unidirectional air outlet of the air outlet hole 4201 towards the side air outlet pipe 411. Specifically, the one-way valve 46 comprises; a sealing ring coaxially installed in the air outlet hole 4201 and connected with the piston rod 42; a one-way door arranged between the sealing ring and the air inlet of the side air outlet pipe 411, hinged with the sealing ring, and the hinged part is located at the end of the one-way door facing the spiral pipe 2, and a torsional spring for resetting is connected between the one-way door and the sealing ring. When the one-way door is not forced, the one-way door is pressed on the sealing ring under the resetting elastic force of the torsional spring, realizing the sealing between the one-way door and the sealing ring. The sealing here can adopt a conventional sealing structure meeting the production standard; a limiting plate installed on one side of the one-way door and the sealing ring. When the piston rod 42 moves and the one-way door is located at the side of the side air outlet pipe 411, the limiting plate can be in contact with the inner wall of the valve body pipe 41, so that the valve body pipe 41 can limit the limiting plate, that is, the one-way door, so that the one-way door is not easy to open forward. In order to make the limiting plate easily enter the valve body pipe 41, the edge of the limiting plate is rounded; a bidirectional air pump 51 arranged outside the kettle body 1, one end of which is connected with both ends of the spiral pipe 2, and the other end is connected with the steam generating device 5; The third end of the three-way valve 52 is open.

[0035] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in the embodiment, when the steam enters the outlet hole 4201 from the spiral pipe 2, the steam pressure pushes the one-way door away from the torsional spring force, so that the steam can flow to the side outlet pipe 411; when the steam pressure decreases, the torsional spring drives the one-way door to reset, preventing the steam from flowing back. If the reset spring 43 cannot effectively push the piston rod 42 to reset during long-term use, the bidirectional air pump 51 can operate in reverse to pump the steam in the spiral pipe 2 away. At this time, under the action of the one-way valve 46, the steam in the kettle body 1 cannot flow back into the spiral pipe 2, and the negative pressure generated in the spiral pipe 2 causes the piston rod 42 to move towards the spiral pipe 2 until it contacts the first limiting ring 44, so that the sealing rod 422 exactly blocks the side outlet pipe 411, ensuring that the piston rod 42 can be effectively reset. When the bidirectional air pump 51 pumps, the steam generation device 5 is not suitable for steam backflow, the connection channel of the three-way valve and the steam generation device 5 is closed, the three-way valve open to the air is opened, and the backflow of water vapor is directly diffused into the air.

[0036] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the pulse nozzle 47 comprises; a nozzle 471, the inlet end of which is connected to the outlet end of the side outlet pipe 411; a fan-shaped plate 472, installed at the end of the nozzle 471 away from the side outlet pipe 411, for partially blocking the outlet end of the nozzle 471; a gas blocking plate 474, rotatably arranged at the outlet of the nozzle, for blocking part of the outlet of the nozzle.

[0037] a impeller 473, rotatably installed in the nozzle, for driving the gas blocking plate 474 to rotate.

[0038] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in the embodiment, when the high-temperature steam passes through the nozzle 471, the steam flow drives the impeller 473 to rotate, and the impeller 473 drives the gas blocking plate 474 to rotate synchronously through a transmission mechanism. The gas blocking plate 474 periodically opens and partially blocks the outlet of the nozzle 471 during rotation, allowing the steam to be ejected in a pulse manner. The fixed blocking of the fan-shaped plate 472 and the rotating blocking of the gas blocking plate 474 combine to achieve pulse ejection of the steam. The mechanical structure is driven by the energy of the steam flow itself, without the need for additional power devices, achieving automatic control and uniform distribution of steam ejection.

[0039] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the heat preservation mechanism 6 comprises; a heat preservation cavity 61 embedded in the kettle wall of the kettle body 1 for wrapping the reaction chamber of the kettle body 1; a water delivery pump 65 arranged outside the kettle body 1, one end of which is connected with the heat preservation cavity 61, and the other end of which is connected with one end of the spiral pipe 2 through a water inlet valve 62; a water outlet valve 63 arranged outside the kettle body 1, one end of which is connected with the other end of the spiral pipe 2, and the other end of which is connected with the heat preservation cavity 61; a water outlet pump 66 arranged outside the kettle body 1, one end of which is connected with the heat preservation cavity 61, and the other end of which is connected with the liquid inlet end of the steam generating device 5; a water exchange valve 64 arranged outside the kettle body 1 and connected with the heat preservation cavity 61 for water exchange of the heat preservation cavity 61; The two-way air pump 51 is connected with the two ends of the spiral pipe 2 through the air inlet valves 53 arranged outside the kettle body 1.

[0040] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the embodiment, the heat of the kettle body 1 can be efficiently recovered and recycled. The heat preservation cavity 61 is embedded in the kettle wall of the kettle body 1 to form an annular space wrapping the reaction chamber, and the heat preservation cavity 61 stores water inside for recovering and storing the heat emitted by the kettle body 1. The water delivery pump 65 delivers the cold water in the heat preservation cavity 61 to one end of the spiral pipe 2 through the water inlet valve 62, and the cold water absorbs the heat emitted by the high-temperature steam in the reaction chamber of the kettle body 1 during the flow in the spiral pipe 2, and then returns to the heat preservation cavity 61 through the water outlet valve 63 after the temperature rises, forming a closed heat exchange system, and the heat preservation cavity 61 storing hot water can play a heat preservation role.

[0041] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the water outlet pump 66 delivers the hot water in the heat preservation cavity 61 to the liquid inlet end of the steam generating device 5 as the water source for steam generation, realizing secondary utilization of heat. The water exchange valve 64 is arranged outside the kettle body 1, and the water supplement to the heat preservation cavity 61 through the water exchange valve 64 ensures the heat exchange efficiency. The air inlet valves 53 connected with the two ends of the spiral pipe 2 through the two-way air pump 51 realize the alternating flow control of steam and hot water in the spiral pipe 2, that is, when steam heating is needed, the air inlet valves 53 are opened, and the steam passes through the spiral pipe 2; when heat recovery is needed, the air inlet valves 53 are closed, and the hot water circulates in the spiral pipe 2. Through heat exchange and energy circulation, this design realizes the maximum utilization of the heat of the kettle body 1 and the minimization of energy loss.

[0042] The implementation principle of the energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate board is as follows: In the preparation stage, before the calcium carbonate board processing starts, the operator confirms that the inside of the autoclave body 1 is clean and free of sundries, and the sealing performance of the sealing door 11 is good. Appropriate amount of water is injected into the heat preservation cavity 61 of the heat preservation mechanism 6, and the water supply pump 65, the water outlet pump 66 and other equipment are in normal working state. The steam generating device 5 starts preheating to prepare high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The bidirectional air pump 51, the three-way air valve 52 and each air inlet valve 53 are in the closed state to ensure system safety.

[0043] In the loading stage, the prefabricated calcium carbonate board blanks are placed neatly on the special support in the autoclave body 1, and appropriate gaps are ensured between the blanks to facilitate the flow of steam. After loading is completed, the operator carefully checks the placement of the blanks to ensure that there is no obstacle to the flow of steam.

[0044] In the sealing stage, the operator closes the sealing door 11, and after sealing is completed, the entire autoclave body 1 forms a closed high-pressure container, preparing for the subsequent autoclaving process.

[0045] In the temperature and pressure rising stage, the high-temperature steam generated by the steam generating device 5 is transported to the spiral pipe 2 through the bidirectional air pump 51 and the three-way air valve 52, and the air inlet valve 53 is gradually opened to control the input rate of the steam. When the steam enters the air outlet hole 4201 from the spiral pipe 2, the steam pressure overcomes the elastic force of the torsional spring, the magnetic adsorption force between the piston rod 42 and the first limiting ring 44, and the friction force between the piston rod 42 and the valve body pipe 41, pushes the piston rod 42 to move, so that the air outlet hole 4201 is communicated with the side air outlet pipe 411, at this time the one-way door is opposite to the side air outlet pipe 411, and the limiting of the one-way door is released, then the air pressure of the high-temperature steam pushes away the one-way door to a certain extent, so that the steam can flow to the side air outlet pipe 411, and then is sprayed into the autoclave body 1 through the pulse nozzle 47.

[0046] After the steam is sprayed onto the spiral flow guide plate 3, the flow direction is changed, forming a continuous spiral flow field in the autoclave body 1, which uniformly heats the calcium carbonate board blanks. With the continuous input of steam, the temperature and pressure in the autoclave body 1 gradually rise until the required standard of the calcium carbonate board autoclaving is reached.

[0047] Constant temperature and pressure stage, when the kettle body 1 inside reaches the set temperature and pressure, the system enters the constant temperature and pressure stage. At this time, under the action of the one-way valve 46, the steam in the kettle body 1 cannot flow back into the spiral pipe 2. In this stage, the calcium hydroxide in the calcium carbonate slab body reacts with the silicon dioxide to form calcium silicate hydrate, and the slab body is gradually hardened. The water in the heat preservation cavity 61 of the heat preservation mechanism 6 recovers the heat emitted by the kettle body 1, and after the water temperature in the heat preservation cavity 61 rises, the kettle body 1 can be heat preserved. At this time, the water inlet valve 62 and the water outlet valve 63 are closed, and the water in the heat preservation cavity 61 does not enter the spiral pipe 2, so as to avoid its interference with the steam generating device 5 to supplement the steam into the kettle body 1. At this time, when the pressure or temperature decreases, steam is supplemented, and when the pressure or temperature is too high, part of the steam is released to maintain the stability of the parameters. When the steam is released, the steam can be released through a conventional way. There are mainly the following several ways to release steam in the prior art, for example, natural release way: by closing the steam input, the autoclave is naturally cooled, the internal pressure is gradually reduced, and the steam is slowly released through the small gap of the kettle body 1 or the specially designed exhaust passage. Control release way: the steam release rate is accurately controlled through a special exhaust system, which usually includes a manually or automatically controlled exhaust valve, and the operator can adjust the steam release speed according to the process requirements. Safety release way: when the internal pressure of the autoclave exceeds the safety limit, the safety valve will automatically open to release the steam, which is a protection mechanism. The technical personnel can set it according to the actual needs.

[0048] Cooling and pressure reduction stage: when the calcium carbonate slab body reaches the predetermined hardening degree, the cooling and pressure reduction process begins. First, the steam generating device 5 is closed, and then the bidirectional air pump 51 is operated in reverse. At this time, under the action of the one-way valve 46, the steam in the kettle body 1 cannot flow back into the spiral pipe 2, and then a negative pressure is generated in the spiral pipe 2, so that the piston rod 42 moves towards the spiral pipe 2 until it contacts the first limiting ring 44, so that the sealing rod 422 of the piston rod 42 just blocks the side air outlet pipe 411, ensuring that the piston rod 42 can be effectively reset. At this time, the reset spring 43 cooperates with the magnetic adsorption force between the piston rod 42 and the first limiting ring 44, and the friction force between the piston rod 42 and the valve body pipe 41 to limit the piston rod 42, so that the sealing rod 422 of the piston rod 42 can effectively and stably block the side air outlet pipe 411.

[0049] In the process of cooling and decompression, the water in the heat preservation cavity 61 has been heated up by absorbing the heat emitted by the kettle body 1 in the constant temperature and constant pressure stage. At this time, the water pump 65 first sends the heated water into the steam generating device 5, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the steam generating device 5 for heating water in the subsequent operation. Then, the cold water is injected into the heat preservation cavity 61 through the water changing valve 64, and then the water inlet valve 62, the water outlet valve 63 and the water pump 65 are opened, so that the cold water circulates in the spiral pipe 2. The cold water absorbs the heat of the high-temperature steam in the kettle body 1, accelerates the cooling speed of the kettle body 1, and at the same time, the water temperature in the heat preservation cavity 61 gradually rises, thereby playing a role of heat preservation for the kettle body 1. In the subsequent secondary processing of calcium carbonate plate, and when the high-temperature steam is injected into the heat-preserved kettle body 1 again, the energy consumption can be reduced. When the internal pressure of the kettle body 1 is reduced to normal pressure and the temperature is reduced to a safe range, the sealing door 11 is prepared to be opened.

[0050] In the discharging stage, the operator opens the sealing door 11 after confirming that the internal pressure of the kettle body 1 has been completely released and the temperature has been reduced to a safe level. The hardened calcium carbonate plate product is taken out for subsequent cooling and processing. At the same time, the kettle body 1 is cleaned for the processing of the next batch of calcium carbonate plate.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application shall be understood as commonly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The "first", "second", "third" and similar words used in the specification and claims of the present application do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are used to distinguish different components. "One" or "a" and similar words do not represent a quantity limitation, but represent the existence of at least one. "Include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "contain" cover the elements or objects listed after "include" or "contain" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0052] The above are optional embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made in structure, shape, principle, etc. according to the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards, comprising an autoclave body (1) and a sealing door (11) installed on the autoclave body (1), characterized in that: Also includes; A gas distribution mechanism (10) is installed on the inner wall of the vessel body (1) for spiral pulse delivery of high-temperature steam into the vessel body (1); The heat preservation mechanism (6) is used to recover and utilize the heat emitted by the high-temperature steam inside the vessel (1) and to keep the vessel (1) warm.

2. The energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution mechanism (10) includes: The spiral tube (2) is coaxially installed on the inner wall of the vessel body (1); Multiple pulse air distribution valves (4) are installed on the spiral tube (2) and are evenly spaced along the length of the spiral tube (2). A steam generator (5) is located outside the vessel body (1) and is used to supply steam to both ends of the spiral tube (2).

3. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulse air distribution valve (4) includes: The valve body tube (41) is connected at one end to the spiral tube (2) and closed at the other end; The side outlet pipe (411) is connected at one end to the side wall of the valve body pipe (41) and at the other end to supply gas into the vessel body (1); The piston rod (42) is coaxially disposed inside the valve body tube (41) and is dynamically sealed to the valve body tube (41); An air outlet (4201) is provided at one end of the piston rod (42) facing the spiral tube (2) for connecting the spiral tube (2) with the side air outlet (411); A pulse nozzle (47) is provided at the outlet of the side air outlet pipe (411) to enable the side air outlet pipe (411) to pulse jet; The return spring (43) is connected at one end to the piston rod (42) and at the other end to the closed end of the valve body tube (41).

4. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air distribution mechanism (10) also includes; The spiral guide plate (3) is coaxially installed on the inner wall of the vessel body (1) and is arranged along the spiral direction of the spiral tube (2); The pulse nozzle (47) is used to spray air toward the spiral guide plate (3).

5. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulse air distribution valve (4) also includes; The first limiting ring (44) is located inside the valve body tube (41) on one side of the piston rod (42); The second limiting ring (441) is located inside the valve body tube (41) on the other side of the piston rod (42) and is used to cooperate with the first limiting ring (44) to limit the movement range of the piston rod (42); Both the first limiting ring (44) and the second limiting ring (441) can be magnetically attracted to the piston rod (42).

6. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston rod (42) includes; An air outlet rod (421) is coaxially and movably disposed inside the valve body tube (41) for setting the air outlet (4201). A sealing rod (422) is coaxially connected to the air outlet rod (421) and is coaxially movable inside the valve body tube (41) to block the air inlet of the side air outlet tube (411); The sealing piston (45) has three parts, which are respectively located at the connection between the air outlet rod (421) and the sealing rod (422), at the end of the air outlet rod (421) away from the sealing rod (422), and at the end of the sealing rod (422) away from the air outlet rod (421), so that the air outlet rod (421) and the sealing rod (422) can be dynamically sealed to the valve body tube (41).

7. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulse air distribution valve (4) also includes; A one-way valve (46) is provided inside the air outlet (4201) for unidirectional air outlet (4201) towards the side air outlet pipe (411); A two-way air pump (51) is connected at one end to both ends of the spiral tube (2) and at the other end to the steam generator (5); The three-way air valve (52) has its first end connected to the bidirectional air pump (51), its second end connected to the steam generator (5), and its third end open.

8. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulse nozzle (47) includes; The nozzle (471) has its air inlet end connected to the air outlet end of the side air outlet pipe (411); A fan-shaped plate (472) is installed at the end of the nozzle (471) away from the side outlet pipe (411) to partially block the outlet end of the nozzle (471); A baffle plate (474) is rotatably disposed at the air outlet of the jet pipe to block part of the air outlet of the jet pipe; An impeller (473) is rotatably mounted inside the jet pipe to drive the baffle plate (474) to rotate.

9. An energy-saving autoclave for producing calcium silicate boards according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulation mechanism (6) includes; The heat preservation cavity (61) is embedded in the vessel wall of the vessel body (1) and is used to enclose the reaction chamber of the vessel body (1); A water pump (65) is connected at one end to the insulation cavity (61) and at the other end to one end of the spiral tube (2) via a water inlet valve (62); The outlet valve (63) is connected at one end to the other end of the spiral tube (2) and at the other end to the heat preservation cavity (61); The water pump (66) is connected at one end to the heat preservation chamber (61) and at the other end to the liquid inlet of the steam generator (5); Both ends of the bidirectional air pump (51) and the spiral tube (2) are connected to air inlet valves (53).

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