Gravel aggregate loading conveyor

Abstract

The invention discloses a gravel aggregate loading conveyor, which belongs to the technical field of material conveying and comprises a support, rotating rollers are arranged at two ends of the support, and a conveyor belt sleeves the two rotating rollers; supporting rollers are evenly and fixedly installed on the support and located between the two rotating rollers, and the supporting rollers are parallel to the rotating rollers. Bearings are symmetrically arranged on the supporting roller in a sleeving mode, inner rings of the bearings are fixedly connected with the supporting roller, sleeves with the two ends open are arranged outside the bearings in a sleeving mode, and the inner walls of the sleeves are fixedly connected with outer rings of the bearings. The outer wall of the sleeve is attached to the inner wall of the conveying belt. A through hole is formed in the supporting roller, the through hole penetrates through the two ends of the supporting roller, an exhaust hole communicated with the through hole is formed in the side wall of the supporting roller, and the exhaust hole is located between the two bearings; according to the scheme, under the action of friction force between the conveyor belt and the sleeve, the sleeve also rotates in the operation process of the conveyor belt, so that the inner wall of the conveyor belt is subjected to rolling friction force, and the abrasion probability of the conveyor belt is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material conveying technology, and more specifically, to a sand and gravel aggregate loading conveyor. Background Technology

[0002] Sand and gravel aggregates are a general term for materials such as sand, pebbles (gravel), crushed stone, boulders, and quarries used in water conservancy projects. They are the main building materials for structures such as concrete and masonry in water conservancy projects.

[0003] In construction, mining, and water conservancy projects, the loading and transportation of sand and gravel aggregates are common operations. Currently widely used conventional belt conveyors, especially at the drop point, experience significant potential energy and impact force when materials (such as sand and gravel) fall from a height. This strong impact not only easily causes material splashing but also induces a large amount of dust-laden airflow, leading to a sharp increase in dust concentration in the working environment.

[0004] Existing idler rollers typically have simple bearing seal structures, making them ill-suited for handling harsh conditions with high concentrations of fine dust. Dust particles easily penetrate the sealing gaps of the idler roller bearings, mixing with grease to form an abrasive paste. This accelerates the wear of the bearing balls and raceways, ultimately leading to bearing seizure and failure. Once the idler roller seizes and stops rotating, the friction between the conveyor belt and the stationary roller changes from rolling friction to sliding friction, drastically increasing the coefficient of friction. This results in rapid and abnormal wear of the conveyor belt cover rubber, shortening the conveyor belt's service life.

[0005] Therefore, a sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine that can reduce the wear of bearings, thereby preventing bearing jamming and reducing the friction force on the conveyor belt.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine includes a support frame, with rotating rollers at both ends of the support frame, and a conveyor belt mounted on both rotating rollers. A sprocket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conveyor belt, and a gear meshing with the sprocket is fixedly embedded on the rotating roller. Therefore, by installing a motor on the support frame and fixing the output end of the motor to the rotating shaft of the rotating roller, the conveyor belt can be driven to rotate. The operation of the conveyor belt via the rotating roller is existing technology and will not be described further. Support rollers are evenly fixed on the bracket, with the support rollers located between two rotating rollers and parallel to the rotating rollers; Bearings are symmetrically fitted on the support rollers. The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the support roller. A sleeve with open ends is fitted on the outside of the bearing. The inner wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing. The outer wall of the sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the conveyor belt. The support roller has a through hole that passes through both ends of the support roller. The side wall of the support roller has an exhaust hole that communicates with the through hole. The exhaust hole is located between two sets of bearings. The support roller is equipped with an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the exhaust hole. Furthermore, the support roller is equipped with a cooling mechanism for cooling the bearing.

[0009] Furthermore, the gas supply mechanism includes two sets of fan blades fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the sleeve. The two sets of fan blades have opposite exhaust directions, and the exhaust port is located between the two sets of fan blades.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling mechanism includes a liquid storage chamber opened on the support roller, the liquid storage chamber is connected to the through hole, a sponge with its top extending into the through hole is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the liquid storage chamber, the side wall of the sponge is attached to the side wall of the through hole, and the liquid storage chamber is filled with cold water.

[0011] Furthermore, two sealing rings are symmetrically fitted on the support roller, and the sealing rings are circular. The outer wall of the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the bearings are all located between the two sealing rings. The distance between the inner wall of the sealing ring and the outer wall of the support roller is 0.5-1mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the support roller is inserted into the bracket, and both ends of the support roller pass through the bracket; Furthermore, the end face of the support roller is provided with a filter screen covering the surface of the through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, brushes are evenly fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing ring, the brushes are in contact with the side wall of the support roller, and the brushes are made of elastic material.

[0014] Furthermore, a first elastic membrane is fixedly installed on the side wall of the inner ring of the sealing ring, and the sealing ring is provided with an expansion mechanism for driving the first elastic membrane to expand.

[0015] Furthermore, the expansion mechanism includes a cavity formed on the sealing ring, a piston is slidably installed in the cavity, and a through hole communicating with the outside is formed on the side wall of the cavity near the first elastic membrane. The first elastic membrane covers the surface of the through hole, and the edge of the first elastic membrane is bonded to the side wall of the sealing ring.

[0016] Furthermore, an elastic element is installed between the piston and the side wall of the cavity near the first elastic diaphragm; Both the support roller and the piston are made of stainless steel, and the surfaces of both the support roller and the piston are mirror-finished.

[0017] Furthermore, a second elastic membrane is fixedly installed on the end face of the support roller, and the filter screen is embedded in the second elastic membrane; A first magnet is fixedly installed on the filter screen, and a second magnet that attracts the first magnet is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Under the action of friction between the conveyor belt and the sleeve, the sleeve also rotates during the operation of the conveyor belt, thereby causing the inner wall of the conveyor belt to be subjected to sliding friction, which reduces the probability of conveyor belt wear.

[0019] (2) This solution uses the cooperation between the exhaust hole and the fan blade. When the conveyor belt drives the sleeve to rotate by friction, the fan blade installed on the inner wall of the sleeve drives the air flow between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the support roller. At this time, the gas in the space is pushed, and the pushed airflow will pass through the bearing balls and flow out of the sleeve. In this process, it can prevent dust particles in the air of the dust-laden hole from entering the sealing gap of the bearing, reduce the friction force on the bearing, ensure that the bearing can operate normally, and play a role in reducing the probability of abnormal wear of the conveyor belt.

[0020] (3) This solution sets up a liquid storage chamber and a sponge in the through hole. When the bottom of the porous sponge comes into contact with the liquid, the liquid will spontaneously migrate along its internal pore network to the dry area that has not been submerged under the drive of capillary force, and gradually wet the whole area. Therefore, when the airflow flowing along the through hole passes through the sponge, the airflow comes into contact with the wet sponge, and thus the airflow can be cooled by heat exchange. When the airflow comes into contact with the bearing, the bearing is also cooled by heat exchange, preventing the bearing from wearing out due to excessive speed, and thus ensuring that the bearing can rotate normally. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the combined structure of the bracket, sleeve, and support roller of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the sleeve and the fan blade of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the support roller of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Rotating roller; 3. Conveyor belt; 4. Support roller; 5. Bearing; 6. Sleeve; 7. Through hole; 8. Exhaust hole; 9. Fan blade; 10. Liquid storage chamber; 11. Sponge; 12. Sealing ring; 13. Filter screen; 14. Brush; 15. First elastic membrane; 16. Cavity; 17. Piston; 18. Through hole; 19. Elastic element; 20. Second elastic membrane; 21. First magnet; 22. Second magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 7 A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine includes a support frame 1, with rotating rollers 2 at both ends of the support frame 1, and a conveyor belt 3 mounted on both rotating rollers 2. A sprocket is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the conveyor belt 3, and a gear that meshes with the sprocket is fixedly embedded on the rotating roller 2. Therefore, by setting a motor on the support frame 1 and fixing the output end of the motor to the rotating shaft of the rotating roller 2, the conveyor belt 3 can be driven to rotate. The operation of the conveyor belt 3 by the rotating roller 2 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. Support rollers 4 are evenly fixedly installed on the bracket 1. The support rollers 4 are located between two rotating rollers 2 and are parallel to the rotating rollers 2. Bearings 5 ​​are symmetrically sleeved on the support roller 4. The inner ring of the bearing 5 is fixedly connected to the support roller 4. A sleeve 6 with open ends is sleeved on the outside of the bearing 5. The inner wall of the sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing 5. The outer wall of the sleeve 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the conveyor belt 3. When sand and gravel are poured onto the surface of conveyor belt 3, sleeve 6 provides support for conveyor belt 3 to prevent it from tilting and ensure that sand and gravel can be transported by conveyor belt 3. At the same time, under the action of friction between conveyor belt 3 and sleeve 6, sleeve 6 also rotates during the operation of conveyor belt 3, so that the inner wall of conveyor belt 3 is subjected to rolling friction, reducing the probability of wear of conveyor belt 3. The support roller 4 has a through hole 7 that passes through both ends of the support roller 4. The side wall of the support roller 4 has an exhaust hole 8 that communicates with the through hole 7. The exhaust hole 8 is located between two sets of bearings 5. The support roller 4 is provided with an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the exhaust hole 8. Furthermore, the support roller 4 is equipped with a cooling mechanism for cooling down the bearing 5.

[0026] like Figure 5 As shown, the air supply mechanism includes two sets of fan blades 9 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 6. The two sets of fan blades 9 have opposite exhaust directions, and the exhaust port 8 is located between the two sets of fan blades 9.

[0027] When the conveyor belt 3 drives the sleeve 6 to rotate through friction, the fan blades 9 installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 6 drive the air flow between the inner wall of the sleeve 6 and the outer wall of the support roller 4. At this time, the gas in this space is pushed, and the pushed airflow will pass through the balls of the bearing 5 and flow out of the sleeve 6. In this process, it can prevent dust particles in the dusty air from entering the sealing gap of the bearing 5, reduce the friction force on the bearing 5, ensure that the bearing 5 can operate normally, and play a role in reducing the probability of abnormal wear of the conveyor belt 3.

[0028] Meanwhile, during the rotation of the fan blade 9, the space inside the sleeve 6 between the two fan blades 9 is under negative pressure. At this time, the space draws air from the outside through the exhaust port 8 and the through hole 7, thereby enabling the sleeve 6 to continuously exhaust air outward.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown, the cooling mechanism includes a liquid storage chamber 10 opened on the support roller 4. The liquid storage chamber 10 is connected to the through hole 7. A sponge 11 with its top extending into the through hole 7 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the liquid storage chamber 10. The side wall of the sponge 11 is attached to the side wall of the through hole 7, and the liquid storage chamber 10 is filled with cold water.

[0030] When the bottom of the porous sponge 11 comes into contact with the liquid, the liquid, driven by capillary force, will spontaneously migrate along its internal pore network to the unsubmerged dry area, gradually wetting the entire sponge 11. Therefore, when the airflow flowing along the through hole 7 passes through the sponge 11, the airflow comes into contact with the wet sponge 11, thereby cooling the airflow through heat exchange. When the airflow comes into contact with the bearing 5, it also dissipates heat from the bearing 5 through heat exchange, preventing the bearing 5 from wearing out due to excessive rotation speed, thus ensuring that the bearing 5 can rotate normally.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, two sealing rings 12 are symmetrically fitted on the support roller 4, and the sealing rings 12 are circular. The outer wall of the sealing ring 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 6, and the bearings 5 ​​are all located between the two sealing rings 12, and the distance between the inner wall of the sealing ring 12 and the outer wall of the support roller 4 is 0.5-1mm; so that the bearings 5 ​​are located inside the sleeve 6. Since outside air can only enter the space between the sleeve 6 and the support roller 4 through the gap between the side wall of the sealing ring 12 and the side wall of the support roller 4, the sealing ring 12 reduces the area of ​​the space where the bearing 5 is located inside the sleeve 6 and the outside world, thereby reducing the probability of dust around the bracket 1 entering the space where the bearing 5 is located.

[0032] Meanwhile, when the gas is vented outward through the gap between the sealing ring 12 and the side wall of the support plate in the space between the sleeve 6 and the support roller 4, the impact force of the vented gas can be increased under the same venting volume, which further reduces the probability of external dust entering the inner wall of the sleeve 6, the outer wall of the support roller 4 and the space between the two sealing rings 12, thus improving the protection effect on the bearing 5.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the support roller 4 is inserted into the bracket 1, and both ends of the support roller 4 pass through the bracket 1; Furthermore, the end face of the support roller 4 is provided with a filter screen 13 covering the surface of the through hole 7. When the through hole 7 is drawing in air, the filter screen 13 can filter the particulate matter in the airflow, preventing the particulate matter from entering the through hole 7, thus ensuring that the bearing 5 can be kept clean.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, brushes 14 are uniformly fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing ring 12. The brushes 14 are in contact with the side wall of the support roller 4, and the brushes 14 are made of elastic material. By setting the brush 14, particles from the external environment can be prevented from entering the sleeve 6, thus preventing airborne particles from entering the sleeve 6 and contacting the bearing 5 when not in use.

[0035] Furthermore, during the process of the sleeve 6 venting air outward, the brush 14 is blown by the airflow. At this time, the elastic material of the brush 14 bends, thereby causing the brush 14 to disengage from the support roller 4, preventing the brush 14 from wearing out and extending the service life of the brush 14.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, a first elastic membrane 15 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the inner ring side of the sealing ring 12, and the sealing ring 12 is provided with an expansion mechanism for driving the first elastic membrane 15 to expand.

[0037] The expansion mechanism includes a cavity 16 formed on the sealing ring 12, a piston 17 is slidably installed in the cavity 16, and a through hole 18 communicating with the outside is formed on the side wall of the cavity 16 near the first elastic membrane 15. The first elastic membrane 15 covers the surface of the through hole 18, and the edge of the first elastic membrane 15 is bonded to the side wall of the sealing ring 12.

[0038] An elastic element 19 is installed between the piston 17 and the side wall of the cavity 16 near the first elastic diaphragm 15. When the sealing ring 12 is not rotated, under the action of the elastic element 19, the piston 17 is located at the end of the cavity 16 near the through hole 18. At this time, the gas in the cavity 16 is discharged through the through hole 18 into the space between the first elastic diaphragm 15 and the inner side wall of the sealing ring 12, thereby causing the first elastic diaphragm 15 to be in an expanded state, thereby sealing the gap between the inner ring side of the sealing ring 12 and the support roller 4, preventing particulate matter in the outside air from entering the sleeve 6, and improving the protection effect on the bearing 5. When the sealing ring 12 rotates with the sleeve 6, the centrifugal force of the piston 17 is greater than the elastic force of the elastic element 19. At this time, the piston 17 moves away from the through hole 18 in the cavity 16, so that the space between the through hole 18 and the piston 17 in the cavity 16 is in a negative pressure state. Under the action of negative pressure, the first elastic membrane 15 can be tightly attached to the inner ring side of the sealing ring 12, that is, to prevent the first elastic membrane 15 in the rotating state from contacting the support roller 4, which plays the role of extending the service life of the first elastic membrane 15. Both the support roller 4 and the piston 17 are made of stainless steel, and the surfaces of both the support roller 4 and the piston 17 are mirror-finished, which can reduce the friction between the piston 17 and the side wall of the cavity 16 and reduce the friction between the first elastic membrane 15 and the support roller 4.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, a second elastic membrane 20 is fixedly installed on the end face of the support roller 4, and the filter screen 13 is embedded in the second elastic membrane 20. A first magnet 21 is fixedly installed on the filter screen 13, and a second magnet 22 that attracts the first magnet 21 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 6. During the rotation of the sleeve 6, the sleeve 6 drives the second magnet 22 to intermittently approach the first magnet 21, thereby increasing the attractive force on the first magnet 21 intermittently. When the attractive force on the first magnet 21 is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic membrane 20, the first magnet 21 will drive the filter screen 13 to move. Therefore, during the rotation of the sleeve 6, the filter screen 13 is always in a shaking state, which can shake off the particles adsorbed on the surface of the filter screen 13 and ensure that the airflow can pass through the filter screen 13 normally.

[0040] Usage: When sand and gravel are poured onto the surface of conveyor belt 3, sleeve 6 provides support for conveyor belt 3, preventing it from tilting and ensuring that the sand and gravel can be transported by conveyor belt 3. At the same time, under the action of friction between conveyor belt 3 and sleeve 6, sleeve 6 also rotates during the operation of conveyor belt 3, thereby subjecting the inner wall of conveyor belt 3 to sliding friction, reducing the probability of wear of conveyor belt 3. When conveyor belt 3 drives sleeve 6 to rotate through friction, the fan blades 9 installed on the inner wall of sleeve 6 drive the airflow between the inner wall of sleeve 6 and the outer wall of support roller 4. At this time, the gas in this space is pushed, and the pushed airflow will pass through the balls of bearing 5 and flow out of sleeve 6. In this process, it can prevent dust particles in the air of dust-laden holes from entering the sealing gap of bearing 5, reduce the friction force on bearing 5, ensure that bearing 5 can operate normally, and play a role in reducing the probability of abnormal wear of conveyor belt 3.

[0041] Meanwhile, during the rotation of the fan blade 9, the space inside the sleeve 6 between the two fan blades 9 is under negative pressure. At this time, the space draws air from the outside through the exhaust port 8 and the through hole 7, thereby enabling the sleeve 6 to continuously exhaust air outward.

[0042] When the bottom of the porous sponge 11 comes into contact with the liquid, the liquid, driven by capillary force, will spontaneously migrate along its internal pore network to the unsubmerged dry area, gradually wetting the entire sponge 11. Therefore, when the airflow flowing along the through hole 7 passes through the sponge 11, the airflow comes into contact with the wet sponge 11, thereby cooling the airflow through heat exchange. When the airflow comes into contact with the bearing 5, it also dissipates heat from the bearing 5 through heat exchange, preventing the bearing 5 from wearing out due to excessive rotation speed, thus ensuring that the bearing 5 can rotate normally.

[0043] Since outside air can only enter the space between the sleeve 6 and the support roller 4 through the gap between the side wall of the sealing ring 12 and the side wall of the support roller 4, the sealing ring 12 reduces the area of ​​the space where the bearing 5 is located inside the sleeve 6 and the outside world, thereby reducing the probability of dust around the bracket 1 entering the space where the bearing 5 is located.

[0044] Meanwhile, when the gas is vented outward through the gap between the sealing ring 12 and the side wall of the support plate in the space between the sleeve 6 and the support roller 4, the impact force of the vented gas can be increased under the same venting volume, which further reduces the probability of external dust entering the inner wall of the sleeve 6, the outer wall of the support roller 4 and the space between the two sealing rings 12, thus improving the protection effect on the bearing 5.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine, comprising a support (1), wherein rotating rollers (2) are provided at both ends of the support (1), and a conveyor belt (3) is sleeved on both rotating rollers (2). Its features are: Support rollers (4) are uniformly fixedly installed on the bracket (1). The support rollers (4) are located between two rotating rollers (2) and are parallel to the rotating rollers (2). The support roller (4) is symmetrically fitted with bearings (5), the inner ring of the bearing (5) is fixedly connected to the support roller (4), and the bearing (5) is fitted with a sleeve (6) with both ends open. The inner wall of the sleeve (6) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing (5); and the outer wall of the sleeve (6) is in contact with the inner wall of the conveyor belt (3). The support roller (4) has a through hole (7) that passes through both ends of the support roller (4). The side wall of the support roller (4) has an exhaust hole (8) that communicates with the through hole (7). The exhaust hole (8) is located between two sets of bearings (5). The support roller (4) has an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the exhaust hole (8). Furthermore, the support roller (4) is provided with a cooling mechanism for cooling the bearing (5).

2. The sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply mechanism includes two sets of fan blades (9) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (6). The two sets of fan blades (9) have opposite exhaust directions, and the exhaust hole (8) is located between the two sets of fan blades (9).

3. The sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism includes a liquid storage cavity (10) opened on the support roller (4), the liquid storage cavity (10) is connected to the through hole (7), a sponge (11) with its top extending into the through hole (7) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the liquid storage cavity (10), the side wall of the sponge (11) is in contact with the side wall of the through hole (7), and the liquid storage cavity (10) is filled with cold water.

4. The sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two sealing rings (12) are symmetrically fitted on the support roller (4), and the sealing rings (12) are circular; The outer wall of the sealing ring (12) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (6), and the bearing (5) is located between the two sealing rings (12), and the distance between the inner wall of the sealing ring (12) and the outer wall of the support roller (4) is 0.5-1mm.

5. A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support roller (4) is inserted on the bracket (1), and both ends of the support roller (4) pass through the bracket (1). Furthermore, the end face of the support roller (4) is provided with a filter screen (13) covering the surface of the through hole (7).

6. A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A brush (14) is uniformly fixed on the side wall of the sealing ring (12). The brush (14) is in contact with the side wall of the support roller (4), and the brush (14) is made of elastic material.

7. A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first elastic membrane (15) is fixedly installed on the inner ring side wall of the sealing ring (12), and the sealing ring (12) is provided with an expansion mechanism for driving the first elastic membrane (15) to expand.

8. A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The expansion mechanism includes a cavity (16) formed on the sealing ring (12), a piston (17) is slidably installed in the cavity (16), and a through hole (18) communicating with the outside is formed on the side wall of the cavity (16) near the first elastic membrane (15). The first elastic membrane (15) covers the surface of the through hole (18), and the edge of the first elastic membrane (15) is bonded to the side wall of the sealing ring (12).

9. A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: An elastic element (19) is installed between the piston (17) and the side wall of the cavity (16) near the first elastic membrane (15). Both the support roller (4) and the piston (17) are made of stainless steel, and the surfaces of both the support roller (4) and the piston (17) are mirror-finished.

10. A sand and gravel aggregate loading and conveying machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second elastic membrane (20) is fixedly installed on the end face of the support roller (4), and the filter screen (13) is embedded on the second elastic membrane (20); A first magnet (21) is fixedly installed on the filter screen (13), and a second magnet (22) that attracts the first magnet (21) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (6).

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