A retrievable osmometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring

Abstract

The application discloses a dam seepage pressure gauge, and relates to the technical field of dam seepage pressure monitoring. The seepage pressure gauge comprises a seepage pressure gauge main body, a protection mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a buffer, the protection mechanism comprises a protection cylinder, the bottom end side of a columnar body is provided with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is mounted at the bottom of the protection cylinder, and the columnar body is located in the protection cylinder; the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of main supporting feet which are distributed in the circumferential direction of the axial line of the protection cylinder, the fixed end of the main supporting foot is mounted at the lower end of the protection cylinder, and the outer end of the main supporting foot is used for abutting against the inner wall of the hole groove; the output end of the buffer is transmissionally connected to the protection cylinder, and the buffer is used for applying a buffering force to the protection cylinder; the seepage pressure gauge protects the seepage pressure gauge main body through the protection mechanism, avoids damage of the seepage pressure gauge main body caused by direct collision between the seepage pressure gauge main body and the inner wall of the hole groove, and applies a buffering force to the protection cylinder through the buffer, so that the lowering is ensured to be smooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dam seepage pressure monitoring technology, specifically relating to a repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, the seepage situation of a reservoir dam is directly related to its safety. With the development of dam construction technology and the continuous improvement of safety requirements, the need for accurate monitoring of seepage pressure is becoming increasingly urgent. By controlling the seepage of the dam within a certain range, the service life of the dam can be effectively extended. Seepage pressure monitoring of the dam's pores is one of the methods for observing dam seepage phenomena. Specifically, monitoring wells are drilled in the dam, and piezometers are installed in them to monitor the seepage pressure of the dam.

[0003] Existing piezometers are lowered into the orifice using lifting equipment and their own weight. The depth of the piezometer body is determined by the length of the cable. Fine sand is then filled around the piezometer body after it is in place. However, during the lowering process, the exposed piezometer body is prone to swaying and impacting the inner wall of the orifice, which can easily damage the piezometer and affect the monitoring of osmotic pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring that has a simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A maintainable piezometer for monitoring the safety of a reservoir dam includes a piezometer body, which comprises a column, a permeable section, and a cable. The cable is mounted at the top of the column, and the permeable section is mounted at the bottom of the column. The piezometer also includes:

[0007] The protective mechanism includes a protective cylinder, wherein a mounting plate is provided on the bottom side of the column body, the mounting plate is installed at the bottom of the protective cylinder, and the column body is located inside the protective cylinder;

[0008] The support mechanism includes multiple main support legs circumferentially distributed around the axis of the protective cylinder. The fixed ends of the main support legs are installed at the lower end of the protective cylinder, and the outer ends of the main support legs are used to abut against the inner wall of the slot.

[0009] A buffer element, the output end of which is connected to the protective cylinder, is used to apply a buffering force to the protective cylinder.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the protective cylinder includes an upper protective shell, an upper protective cylinder, and a lower protective cylinder. The upper protective shell is installed on the upper end of the upper protective cylinder, and a support column is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper protective cylinder. A mounting base is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support column. The lower protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the mounting plate is installed at the lower end of the mounting base. The column body is located in the inner cavity of the lower protective cylinder, and multiple support columns are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the column body. The output end of the buffer is drivenly connected to the mounting base.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the inner wall of the lower protective cylinder is provided with a limiting pad, and the side wall of the column located at the protective position rubs against the limiting pad.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the buffer component includes a buffer spring, a collar plate, a traction plate, and a traction rope. The lower end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the upper end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the collar plate. The collar plate is slidably connected to the upper protective cylinder, and the sliding direction of the collar plate and the upper protective cylinder is consistent with the axis of the column. The upper end of the collar plate is fixedly connected to the traction plate, and the upper end of the traction plate is fixedly connected to the traction rope. The outer end of the traction rope passes through the upper protective shell and slides in cooperation with the upper protective shell.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the lower end of the traction plate is fixedly connected to a middle protective cylinder, the upper end of the column body is located in the inner cavity of the middle protective cylinder and is spaced apart from the column body, and the collar plate is located outside the middle protective cylinder.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the main support foot includes an inner support rod, a U-shaped joint, an outer support rod, and a slider. The inner support rod is fixedly installed on the mounting base. The end of the inner support rod away from the mounting base is fixedly connected to the U-shaped joint. The end of the U-shaped joint away from the inner support rod is fixedly connected to the outer support rod. The end of the outer support rod away from the U-shaped joint is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, when the slots are inclined and extended, the distance between the slider of the lower main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder is greater than the distance between the slider of the upper main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder, with the axis of the protective cylinder as the boundary.

[0016] As a further optimization of the present invention, the repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring also includes a compaction mechanism, which is used to compact the fine sand used for landfilling.

[0017] The fastening mechanism includes an elastic partition, a conductive block, and a spring sheet. An elastic partition is provided between adjacent spring coils of the buffer spring, and the elastic partition protrudes towards the column side. The conductive block is embedded in the mounting base. The lowest spring coil of the buffer spring has a closed-loop structure, and the closed-loop spring coil is fixedly connected to the conductive block. Spring sheets are embedded in the inner support rod, the U-shaped joint, and the outer support rod, and the outer end of the spring sheet is fixedly connected to the conductive block.

[0018] As a further optimization of the present invention, the buffer spring is a helical spring plate.

[0019] As a further optimization of the present invention, the upper protective shell is provided with a secondary support foot, the fixed end of the secondary support foot is installed on the side of the upper protective shell, and the outer end of the secondary support foot is used to abut against the inner wall of the slot.

[0020] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring, comprising a piezometer body, a protective mechanism, a support mechanism, and a buffer. The protective mechanism includes a protective cylinder, and the support mechanism includes support feet. By placing the column of the piezometer body into the protective cylinder, the protective cylinder protects the piezometer body. The auxiliary support of multiple main support feet distributed circumferentially along the axis of the protective cylinder ensures the stability of the piezometer as it is lowered along the orifice, prevents direct collision between the piezometer body and the inner wall of the orifice, avoids damage from collision, and ensures the detection of seepage pressure. The buffer applies a buffering force to the protective cylinder, and with the help of the buffering force, the protective cylinder drives the piezometer body to break through the local frictional resistance with the inertial force of instantaneous downward movement, so as to ensure the smooth lowering.

[0021] Moreover, when the grooves are distributed at an angle, the distance between the slider of the lower main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder is greater than that between the slider of the upper main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder, with the axis of the protective cylinder as the boundary. The piezometer is lowered in an angled manner, giving the lower main support foot enough room to move due to the deformation caused by being pressed down, thus fully avoiding the piezometer being bumped by the inner wall of the grooves during the lowering process.

[0022] In addition, the buffer components include a buffer spring, a collar plate, a traction plate, and a traction rope. An elastic partition is set between adjacent spring coils of the buffer spring. The buffer spring applies elastic force to the transmission block, which is further transmitted to the spring plate, causing it to vibrate. This causes the inner support rod, the U-shaped joint, and the outer support rod to vibrate, transmitting vibration energy to the surrounding fine sand, stimulating the flowability of the fine sand, and making the fine sand compacted. Moreover, the buffer spring drives the elastic partition to vibrate, causing the bending deformation of the elastic partition to change dynamically, causing the fine sand near the buffer spring to be axially compressed and transmitting vibration energy to the fine sand. Combined with the action of the spring plate, this achieves the filling effect of the fine sand around the piezometer. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezometer body of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezometer of the present invention when it is located in the inclined orifice.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the piezometer of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the piezometer of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the piezometer structure when a support mechanism is also provided on the upper protective shell of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Piezometer body; 11. Column; 12. Permeable part; 13. Cable; 131. Connector; 14. Mounting plate;

[0032] 2. Protective mechanism; 21. Upper protective shell; 22. Upper protective cylinder; 23. Support column; 24. Mounting base; 25. Lower protective cylinder; 26. Limiting pad;

[0033] 3. Fastening mechanism; 31. Buffer spring; 32. Elastic partition; 33. Middle protective sleeve; 34. Collar plate; 35. Traction plate; 36. Guide post; 37. Traction rope;

[0034] 4. Support mechanism; 41. Inner support rod; 42. U-shaped joint; 43. Outer support rod; 44. Sliding ball; 45. Spring; 46. Conducting block. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The words “comprising” or “including” and similar terms used in this invention mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed after the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The words “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Above”, “below”, etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring, comprising a piezometer body 1, the piezometer body 1 including a column 11, a permeable part 12 and a cable 13, the cable 13 being provided at the top of the column 11 and the permeable part 12 being provided at the bottom of the column 11, the piezometer further comprising:

[0038] The protective mechanism 2 includes a protective cylinder, and a mounting plate 14 is provided on the bottom side of the column 11. The mounting plate 14 is installed at the bottom of the protective cylinder, and the column 11 is located inside the protective cylinder.

[0039] Support mechanism 4 includes multiple main support legs circumferentially distributed around the axis of the protective cylinder, such as... Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the configuration of four main support legs. In practical applications, the specific number of main support legs can be selected according to the size and weight of the piezometer, which is not limited here. The fixed end of the main support leg is installed at the lower end of the protective cylinder, and the outer end of the main support leg is used to abut against the inner wall of the groove.

[0040] A buffer element, the output end of which is connected to the protective cylinder, is used to apply a buffering force to the protective cylinder.

[0041] It should be noted that in the field of reservoir dam safety monitoring, the most common type of piezometer body 1 is the vibrating wire piezometer, which has a stainless steel thick-walled cylindrical shell and a permeable part 12 with a permeable stone / ceramic core design. This allows for direct contact with fine sand, and pressure transmission is not affected by sand particles, making it the preferred type for borehole burial installation. In other embodiments, other types of piezometer body 1 can be selected as needed, such as piezoresistive piezometers, fiber optic grating piezometers, etc.

[0042] When the piezometer body 1 is used, such as Figure 3As shown, the dashed line indicates the inner wall of the orifice. The aforementioned piezometer is placed inside the protective cylinder, which protects the piezometer body 1. Furthermore, the main support leg of the support mechanism 4 abuts against the inner wall of the orifice, effectively preventing direct collision between the piezometer body 1 and the orifice wall, thus avoiding damage and ensuring the monitoring of osmotic pressure, even in orifices with an inclined distribution. Figure 4 As shown, this also ensures the spacing between the piezometer body 1 and the inner wall of the orifice. Moreover, during the piezometer's lowering process, even if there is local jamming, the buffer component applies a buffering force to the protective cylinder. With the help of the buffering force, the protective cylinder drives the piezometer body 1 to break through the local frictional resistance with the inertial force of instantaneous downward movement, thus ensuring the smooth lowering process.

[0043] For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 The protective cylinder includes an upper protective shell 21, an upper protective cylinder 22, and a lower protective cylinder 25. The upper protective shell 21 is installed on the upper end of the upper protective cylinder 22. A support column 23 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper protective cylinder 22. A mounting base 24 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support column 23. The lower protective cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 24. The mounting plate 14 is installed on the lower end of the mounting base 24. The column body 11 is located in the inner cavity of the lower protective cylinder 25. Multiple support columns 23 are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the column body 11. The output end of the buffer is drivenly connected to the mounting base 24.

[0044] During installation, simply insert the column 11 into the inner cavity of the lower protective cylinder 25 through the mounting plate 14, and fix it with the bolt connection between the mounting plate 14 and the mounting base 24 to ensure that the axis of the column 11 is relatively fixed with the axis of the protective cylinder.

[0045] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the lower protective cylinder 25 is provided with a limiting pad 26. The side wall of the column 11 located in the protective position rubs against the limiting pad 26 to further clamp and fix the column 11. For example, the limiting pad 26 is made of rubber.

[0046] For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The buffer component includes a buffer spring 31, a collar plate 34, a traction plate 35, and a traction rope 37. The lower end of the buffer spring 31 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 24, and the upper end of the buffer spring 31 is fixedly connected to the collar plate 34. The collar plate 34 is slidably connected to the upper protective cylinder 22, and the sliding direction of the collar plate 34 and the upper protective cylinder 22 is consistent with the axis of the column body 11. The traction plate 35 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the collar plate 34, and the traction rope 37 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the traction plate 35. The outer end of the traction rope 37 passes through the upper protective shell 21 and slides in cooperation with the upper protective shell 21.

[0047] During the descent of the piezometer, by lifting the traction rope 37, the traction plate 35 pulls the buffer spring 31 through the collar plate 34. When the traction rope 37 is released, the buffer spring 31 applies a buffering force to the mounting base 24 under the reset action. The buffering force is the elastic reset force of the buffer spring 31 along the sliding direction of the collar plate 34, which causes the mounting base 24 to drive the piezometer body 1 to break through the local frictional resistance with the inertial force of instantaneous downward movement, so as to ensure the smooth descent.

[0048] It should be noted that the traction rope 37 can be pulled by hand or operated with the help of mechanical equipment. The choice can be made according to the burial depth of the piezometer, and there is no limitation here.

[0049] It should be noted that, as Figure 5 As shown, the upper protective shell 21 has a snap-fit ​​connector 131 inside. The cable 13 is divided into a lifting part and a connecting part. The input end of the lifting part of the cable 13 is electrically connected to the snap-fit ​​connector 131, while the upper end of the column body 11 has a connecting part of the cable 13. The connecting part of the cable 13 passes through the guide post 36 and is electrically connected to the snap-fit ​​connector 131, thus facilitating overall assembly. During maintenance, it is only necessary to remove the upper protective shell 21, lift the upper protective shell 21, and pull the lifting part and the connecting part of the cable 13 apart at the snap-fit ​​connector 131. Then, the mounting base 24 and mounting plate 14 can be further removed, and the piezometer body 1 can be taken out for maintenance or replacement, which is very convenient. The guide post 36 passes through the traction plate 35 and is slidably connected to the traction plate 35.

[0050] For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The lower end of the traction plate 35 is fixedly connected to the middle protective cylinder 33. The upper end of the column body 11 is located in the inner cavity of the middle protective cylinder 33 and is spaced apart from the column body 11. The collar plate 34 is located outside the middle protective cylinder 33. Together with the lower protective cylinder 25 and the upper protective cylinder 22, it achieves all-round protection for the column body 11.

[0051] For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The main support foot includes an inner support rod 41, a U-shaped joint 42, an outer support rod 43, and a sliding ball 44. The inner support rod 41 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 24. The end of the inner support rod 41 away from the mounting base 24 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped joint 42. The end of the U-shaped joint 42 away from the inner support rod 41 is fixedly connected to the outer support rod 43. The end of the outer support rod 43 away from the U-shaped joint 42 is fixedly connected to the sliding ball 44. When the piezometer is placed into the orifice, the U-shaped joint 42 deforms according to the inner diameter of the orifice, causing multiple sliding balls 44 to slide down against the inner wall of the orifice, promoting the smooth sliding of the protective cylinder and the piezometer body 1, and preventing collision between the piezometer body 1 and the inner wall of the orifice.

[0052] For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 When the slots extend at an angle, meaning there is an angle between the centerline of the slots and the vertical line, with the centerline of the protective cylinder as the boundary, the distance between the sliding ball 44 of the lower main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder is greater than the distance between the sliding ball 44 of the upper main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder. In other words, the centerline of the column 11 is not aligned with the centerline of the slots, resulting in the following... Figure 3 As shown, the piezometer is lowered at an angle, meaning that the weight of the piezometer is applied more heavily to the main support leg below. This arrangement provides the main support leg with sufficient room to move due to the downward deformation, thus preventing the piezometer from being bumped against the inner wall of the orifice during the lowering process.

[0053] For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring also includes a compaction mechanism 3, which is used to compact the fine sand used for filling.

[0054] Continue reading Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The fastening mechanism 3 includes an elastic partition 32, a conductive block 46, and a spring piece 45. An elastic partition 32 is provided between adjacent spring coils of the buffer spring 31. The elastic partition 32 protrudes towards the column body 11. The conductive block 46 is embedded in the mounting base 24. The lowermost spring coil of the buffer spring 31 has a closed-loop structure. The closed-loop spring coil is fixedly connected to the conductive block 46. The inner support rod 41, the U-shaped joint 42, and the outer support rod 43 are embedded with spring pieces 45. The outer end of the spring piece 45 is fixedly connected to the conductive block 46.

[0055] It should be noted that the closed-loop structure of the spring coil at the bottom of the buffer spring 31 means that when the spring coil of the buffer spring 31 spirals around to the bottom, it continues to extend along the upper surface of the mounting base 24, so that the bottom of the buffer spring 31 forms a complete ring, thereby increasing the contact area between the buffer spring 31 and the mounting base 24.

[0056] After the piezometer is lowered to the target depth, during the filling of fine sand, the traction rope 37 is intermittently pulled, causing the buffer spring 31 to undergo elastic deformation. The buffer spring 31 applies elastic force to the transmission block 46, which is further transmitted to the spring plate 45, causing it to vibrate. This causes the inner support rod 41, the U-shaped joint 42, and the outer support rod 43 to vibrate, transmitting vibrational energy to the surrounding fine sand, stimulating the flowability of the fine sand, and making the fine sand compacted. In addition, the buffer spring 31 drives the elastic partition 32 to vibrate, causing the bending deformation of the elastic partition 32 to change dynamically, causing the fine sand near the buffer spring 31 to be axially compressed and transmitting vibrational energy to the fine sand. Combined with the action of the spring plate 45, this achieves the filling effect of the fine sand around the piezometer.

[0057] For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 The buffer spring 31 is a helical spring plate, which increases the contact surface of the buffer spring 31 when it reciprocates along the axial direction to compress the fine sand.

[0058] It should be noted that, as Figure 8 As shown, the upper protective shell 21 is provided with a secondary support foot. The fixed end of the secondary support foot is installed on the side of the upper protective shell 21. The outer end of the secondary support foot is used to abut against the inner wall of the groove. The components of the secondary support foot are the same as those of the main support foot, so as to increase the contact points with the inner wall of the groove and fully ensure the stability of the piezometer during lowering.

[0059] It should be noted that when the piezometer needs to be removed for maintenance, when removing the fine sand from the filling section, first use a mini high-pressure water gun and a flexible sand suction pipe to disperse and suck out the fine sand. During this process, the traction rope 37 can still be operated to cause the buffer spring 31 to deform the elastic partition 32. Under the repeated bending of the elastic partition 32 protruding inward, the liquid mixed with fine sand is wrapped and discharged to promote thorough cleaning of the elastic partition 32 in the area between adjacent spring coils. Finally, the piezometer is removed from the orifice by using the lifting equipment to pull the cable 13.

[0060] It should be noted that the repairable piezometer used for safety monitoring of the reservoir dam is used in the following way: for the drilled orifice, the piezometer is slowly lowered down along the orifice using a lifting device. The lowering depth of the piezometer is determined according to the length of the cable 13. During the lowering process, the upper protective shell 21, the middle protective cylinder 33, the upper protective cylinder 22 and the lower protective cylinder 25 are used to protect the main body 1 of the piezometer, preventing the main body 1 of the piezometer from directly colliding with the inner wall of the orifice. The sliding ball 44 in the support mechanism 4 slides against the inner wall of the orifice to ensure that the piezometer moves down along the orifice and prevents it from shaking.

[0061] Furthermore, during the lowering process, the traction rope 37 can be operated. The upward traction rope 37 pulls the buffer spring 31 through the traction plate 35 and the collar plate 34, causing the buffer spring 31 to stretch and deform. After the traction rope 37 is released, the buffer spring 31 applies force to the mounting base 24 under the reset action, causing the mounting base 24 to drive the piezometer body 1 to break through the local frictional resistance with the inertial force of instantaneous downward movement, so as to ensure the smooth lowering. At the same time, the buffer spring 31 applies force to the transmission block 46 and further transmits it to the spring 45, causing the inner support rod 41, the U-shaped joint 42 and the outer support rod 43 to vibrate, so as to transmit vibration energy to the surrounding fine sand, stimulate the fluidity of the fine sand, and make the fine sand compacted and dense.

[0062] Furthermore, an elastic partition 32 is provided between adjacent spring coils of the buffer spring 31. The buffer spring 31 drives the elastic partition 32 to vibrate, causing the bending deformation of the elastic partition 32 to change dynamically. This causes the fine sand near the buffer spring 31 to be axially compressed and transmits vibration energy to the fine sand. Combined with the function of the spring piece 45, this achieves the filling effect of the fine sand around the piezometer.

[0063] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A repairable piezometer for monitoring the safety of a reservoir dam, comprising a piezometer body (1), the piezometer body (1) comprising a column (11), a permeable part (12), and a cable (13), wherein the cable (13) is provided at the top of the column (11), and the permeable part (12) is provided at the bottom of the column (11), characterized in that, The osmotic gauge also includes: The protective mechanism (2) includes a protective cylinder, and an installation plate (14) is provided on the bottom side of the column (11). The installation plate (14) is installed at the bottom of the protective cylinder, and the column (11) is located inside the protective cylinder. The support mechanism (4) includes multiple main support legs distributed circumferentially around the axis of the protective cylinder. The fixed ends of the main support legs are installed at the lower end of the protective cylinder, and the outer ends of the main support legs are used to abut against the inner wall of the slot. A buffer element, the output end of which is connected to the protective cylinder, is used to apply a buffering force to the protective cylinder; The protective cylinder includes an upper protective shell (21), an upper protective cylinder (22), and a lower protective cylinder (25). The upper protective shell (21) is installed on the upper end of the upper protective cylinder (22). A support column (23) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper protective cylinder (22). A mounting base (24) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support column (23). The lower protective cylinder (25) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (24). The mounting plate (14) is installed on the lower end of the mounting base (24). The column body (11) is located in the inner cavity of the lower protective cylinder (25). Multiple support columns (23) are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the column body (11). The output end of the buffer is drivenly connected to the mounting base (24). The buffer component includes a buffer spring (31), a collar plate (34), a traction plate (35), and a traction rope (37). The lower end of the buffer spring (31) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (24), and the upper end of the buffer spring (31) is fixedly connected to the collar plate (34). The collar plate (34) is slidably connected to the upper protective cylinder (22). The sliding direction of the collar plate (34) and the upper protective cylinder (22) is consistent with the axis of the column (11). The upper end of the collar plate (34) is fixedly connected to the traction plate (35), and the upper end of the traction plate (35) is fixedly connected to the traction rope (37). The outer end of the traction rope (37) passes through the upper protective shell (21) and slides with the upper protective shell (21). The main support foot includes an inner support rod (41), a U-shaped joint (42), an outer support rod (43), and a slider (44). The inner support rod (41) is fixedly installed on the mounting base (24). The end of the inner support rod (41) away from the mounting base (24) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped joint (42). The end of the U-shaped joint (42) away from the inner support rod (41) is fixedly connected to the outer support rod (43). The end of the outer support rod (43) away from the U-shaped joint (42) is fixedly connected to the slider (44). The repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring also includes a compaction mechanism (3), which is used to compact the fine sand used for filling. The fastening mechanism (3) includes an elastic partition (32), a transmission block (46), and a spring piece (45). An elastic partition (32) is provided between adjacent spring coils of the buffer spring (31). The elastic partition (32) protrudes towards the side of the column (11). The transmission block (46) is embedded in the mounting base (24). The spring coil at the bottom of the buffer spring (31) is a closed-loop structure. The closed-loop spring coil is fixedly connected to the transmission block (46). The inner support rod (41), the U-shaped joint (42), and the outer support rod (43) are embedded with spring pieces (45). The outer end of the spring piece (45) is fixedly connected to the transmission block (46).

2. The repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the lower protective cylinder (25) is provided with a limiting pad (26), and the side wall of the column (11) located in the protective position rubs against the limiting pad (26).

3. The maintainable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the traction plate (35) is fixedly connected to the middle protective cylinder (33), the upper end of the column (11) is located in the inner cavity of the middle protective cylinder (33) and is spaced apart from the column (11), and the collar plate (34) is located outside the middle protective cylinder (33).

4. A repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the slots extend and are distributed at an incline, the distance between the slider (44) of the lower main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder is greater than the distance between the slider (44) of the upper main support foot and the side wall of the protective cylinder, with the axis of the protective cylinder as the boundary.

5. A repairable piezometer for reservoir dam safety monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer spring (31) is a helical spring plate.

6. A repairable piezometer for monitoring the safety of a reservoir dam according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper protective shell (21) is provided with a secondary support foot. The fixed end of the secondary support foot is installed on the side of the upper protective shell (21), and the outer end of the secondary support foot is used to abut against the inner wall of the slot.

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