Calcium-based scale deposition experimental device and experimental method

Abstract

The application discloses a calcium-based scale deposition experimental device and experimental method. The device comprises a reaction container, a sensor module, a control unit, a solution automatic supply device and a carbon dioxide gas supply unit. The sensor module monitors the pH value and calcium hydroxide concentration of the reaction solution in real time; the control unit receives data and compares with the preset threshold value, and accordingly controls the automatic addition of calcium hydroxide solution by the supply device to maintain the stability of the chemical parameters; the carbon dioxide supply unit supplies the gas at a controllable flow rate. The experimental method comprises the following steps: setting parameters and initializing; starting constant temperature and gas supply; automatically running the system, maintaining the stability of the conditions through real-time monitoring, threshold value comparison and automatic supply; sampling and analyzing the deposits after the experiment, and exporting the process data for analysis. The application solves the problems of parameter drift and frequent manual intervention in the traditional method, and significantly improves the repeatability, automation level and scientificity of the data of the experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material corrosion and deposition experimental technology, specifically to a calcium-based scale deposition experimental apparatus and method. Background Technology

[0002] In power plant boiler systems, the main heating surfaces such as water-cooled walls, superheaters, and economizers inevitably accumulate varying degrees of deposits (scale) on their inner walls over time due to limitations in water treatment capacity and fluctuations in operating conditions. Among these, calcium carbonate (…) is the most common deposit. Calcium-based scale, primarily composed of calcium ions, is one of the most common forms of scale. The formation of scale significantly increases thermal resistance, leading to higher flue gas temperatures, reduced boiler thermal efficiency, and severe energy waste. More seriously, it can cause localized overheating of the heated metal surfaces, deteriorating mechanical properties and ultimately triggering serious accidents such as tube rupture, threatening the safe and stable operation of the power plant. The deposition of calcium-based scale is a complex physicochemical process, its rate and morphology influenced by multiple factors, including the solution chemical environment (such as pH, calcium ion concentration, and supersaturation), fluid dynamics conditions (flow rate), and thermodynamic parameters (temperature).

[0003] To investigate the formation mechanism of scale, evaluate its deposition tendency under different operating conditions, or test the effectiveness of scale inhibitor formulations, laboratories often employ dynamic or static simulation experiments. One classic and widely used method is to apply scale to calcium hydroxide (… Carbon dioxide is continuously bubbled into a saturated solution. ) gas, through chemical reaction ( This study aimed to simulate the formation process of calcium-based scale in boiler systems by inducing calcium carbonate deposition under controlled conditions. However, existing traditional experimental setups and methods have significant limitations, mainly in the following aspects:

[0004] 1. Key chemical parameters are difficult to maintain stability: when introduced... During the reaction process, Dissolution and generation It will consume the solution This leads to a continuous decrease in pH value; at the same time, Continuously participate in reaction generation As precipitation occurs, the concentration of the precipitate decreases. These key chemical parameters (pH and...) The concentration of water was constantly and dynamically changing throughout the experiment, making it impossible to maintain a set, stable supersaturation level. In actual boiler operation, however, water quality is relatively stable over a certain period. Therefore, traditional methods struggle to accurately simulate "quasi-steady-state" deposition conditions, resulting in weak correlation between experimental results and actual operating conditions, and hindering the precise study of deposition kinetics under constant chemical conditions.

[0005] 2. Artificial offline operation, poor accuracy and real-time performance: Most of the existing technologies rely on experimental personnel to take samples from the reaction system at regular intervals, and then use a pH meter to measure the pH value offline or use titration and other chemical analysis methods to determine the calcium ion concentration offline. This method is not only tedious and labor-intensive, but frequent sampling can also disrupt the closed and continuous nature of the reaction system, introduce interference, and affect the natural progress of the deposition process. The data obtained is discrete and non-real-time, and cannot fully and continuously reflect the transient changes in the chemical environment during the deposition process.

[0006] 3. Empirical replenishment operation, rough control: In order to maintain a certain concentration of reactants, experimental personnel often need to estimate the consumption and add solid powder or its saturated solution. The timing and amount of replenishment are entirely dependent on the experience of the operator and lack precise basis, resulting in large fluctuations in solution concentration and poor consistency of experimental conditions. This rough control method makes the results of different batches of experiments or even parallel experiments in the same batch less reproducible and comparable.

[0007] In summary, the existing calcium-based scale deposition experiment technology has low automation, unstable control of key parameters, discontinuous data acquisition, and insufficient accuracy. This seriously restricts the depth and scientificity of the fine and quantitative study of the scale deposition process. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field to develop an intelligent experimental system that can monitor key chemical parameters (such as pH value, concentration) in the reaction system in real time, online, and automatically, and can automatically, accurately, and timely replenish reactants based on the monitoring data, thereby maintaining highly stable experimental conditions during a long experimental period. Such a system is not only the key to improving the accuracy and reliability of experimental data, but also the necessary technical support for in-depth study and scientific evaluation of the calcium-based scale deposition process. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a calcium-based scale deposition experiment device and method to solve the problems of existing technologies, such as the dependence on artificial monitoring and adjustment, unstable reaction conditions, poor experimental data accuracy, and low reproducibility.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0010] A calcium-based scale deposition experiment device, comprising:

[0011] a reaction container for containing a reaction solution and carrying a sample to be tested;

[0012] a sensor module arranged in or connected with the reaction container for monitoring chemical parameters of the reaction solution in real time, the sensor module comprising a pH sensor and a calcium hydroxide solution concentration detector;

[0013] a control unit communicatively connected with the sensor module for receiving monitoring data of the chemical parameters and comparing the monitoring data with preset threshold values;

[0014] a solution automatic replenishing device connected with the control unit and the reaction container, the control unit controlling the solution automatic replenishing device to add calcium hydroxide solution into the reaction container to maintain stability of the chemical parameters of the reaction solution according to the comparison result;

[0015] a carbon dioxide gas supply unit connected with the reaction container for supplying carbon dioxide gas into the reaction container at a controllable flow rate.

[0016] In the above calcium-based scale deposition experimental device, the calcium-based scale deposition experimental device further comprises a display and recording unit connected with the control unit and / or the sensor module for displaying the monitoring data, control state and recording experimental process data in real time.

[0017] In the above calcium-based scale deposition experimental device, the display and recording unit comprises a display screen and a data storage module, the display screen being used for visualizing curves and real-time values of pH value, calcium hydroxide concentration and temperature change over time, and the data storage module being used for storing and supporting export of experimental data.

[0018] In the above calcium-based scale deposition experimental device, the carbon dioxide gas supply unit comprises a gas source, a connecting pipeline and a mass flow controller, the mass flow controller being used for accurately controlling the flow rate of carbon dioxide gas supplied into the reaction container.

[0019] In the above calcium-based scale deposition experimental device, the calcium-based scale deposition experimental device further comprises a constant temperature control module connected with the reaction container for maintaining constant temperature of the reaction solution.

[0020] In the above calcium-based scale deposition experimental device, the solution automatic replenishing device comprises a solution storage tank and a metering pump, the metering pump being controlled by the control unit.

[0021] An experimental method based on any one of the above calcium-based scale deposition experimental devices is also disclosed, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: parameter setting and initialization: setting target chemical parameter threshold values of the reaction solution and constant temperature, adding initial calcium hydroxide solution into the reaction container, and installing a sample to be tested;

[0023] S2: Start the experiment: Start the constant temperature control, wait for the temperature to stabilize, start data recording, and introduce carbon dioxide gas into the reaction solution at the set flow rate to start the experiment.

[0024] S3: Automatic Operation and Control: Real-time monitoring of the current chemical parameters of the reaction solution; the control unit compares the current chemical parameters with the corresponding target threshold; when the current chemical parameters are detected to be lower than the corresponding target threshold, the control unit controls the automatic solution replenishment device to replenish calcium hydroxide solution to the reaction vessel until the current chemical parameters are restored to above the target threshold;

[0025] S4: Experiment Termination and Sampling: After the preset experimental time is reached, stop the introduction of carbon dioxide gas, take out the sample and perform sediment analysis;

[0026] S5: Data Analysis: Export the data recorded during the experiment and combine it with the sample analysis results to analyze the scale deposition behavior.

[0027] In the above experimental method, in step S1, the target chemical parameter thresholds include the lower limit of pH and the lower limit of calcium hydroxide concentration.

[0028] In the above experimental method, in step S3, the current chemical parameters include the current pH value and the current calcium hydroxide concentration.

[0029] In the above experimental method, the sediment analysis in step S4 includes measuring the thickness and / or mass of the sediment layer.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0031] By organically combining three functional modules—a sensor module, a control unit, and an automatic solution replenishment device—real-time monitoring, intelligent decision-making, and precise execution are achieved. It can automatically detect decreases in pH and calcium hydroxide solution concentration caused by the introduction of carbon dioxide gas and replenish calcium hydroxide solution instantly and quantitatively. This allows the chemical environment of the reaction solution to be actively maintained within a narrow range based on a preset threshold throughout the entire experimental period. For the first time, this simulates and realizes a quasi-steady-state deposition process more common in industrial systems under laboratory conditions, greatly enhancing the realism and scientific rigor of the experiment.

[0032] The scheme uses automatic monitoring and feedback control to completely replace the frequent sampling, offline testing and empirical estimation of the amount of replenishment in the traditional method. This not only greatly improves the experimental efficiency, but more importantly, completely eliminates the system error and random error introduced by the manual operation interval, judgment error and operation disturbance. Since the stability of the key chemical conditions is achieved through an objective and consistent automatic control logic rather than relying on the subjective experience and operation rhythm of different operators, the system can ensure that different batches of experiments are carried out in almost completely consistent chemical environment under the same preset parameters. This solves the problem of large dispersion of experimental results in the traditional method, making the data have excellent repeatability and comparability.

[0033] Further, the calcium-based scale deposition experimental device further comprises a display and recording unit connected with the control unit and / or the sensor module, for real-time display of the monitoring data, control state and recording of experimental process data. Through the display unit, the operator can see the instantaneous value of the key parameters and the trend curve of the change over time in real time and intuitively. Through the recording unit, the system can automatically and continuously record all sensor data, control events and time stamps. This greatly improves the observability of the experiment, the availability of the data and the scientific rigor of the overall research.

[0034] Further, the display and recording unit comprises a display screen for visualizing the curves and real-time values of the change over time of pH value, calcium hydroxide concentration and temperature, and a data storage module for storing and supporting export of experimental data. The operator can see at a glance whether the parameters are stable, slowly drifting or fluctuating sharply, so as to judge whether the experimental state is normal or the control logic is effective. The data storage module is used to store and support export of experimental data, so that the massive process data can be exported from the system in a universal format and imported into professional data analysis software or artificial intelligence models for deep mining and modeling, which greatly expands the value and life cycle of experimental data.

[0035] Further, the carbon dioxide gas supply unit comprises a gas source, a connecting pipeline and a mass flow controller for accurately controlling the flow of carbon dioxide gas into the reaction vessel. The use of a mass flow controller can set and maintain a constant carbon dioxide gas flow with very high precision and repeatability, which makes the gas flow rate a determinable parameter that can be accurately set, measured and maintained, and fundamentally solves the problem of uncomparable deposition rate caused by gas flow fluctuation in the traditional method.

[0036] Further, the calcium-based scale deposition experimental device further comprises a constant temperature control module connected with the reaction container, for maintaining the temperature of the reaction solution constant.

[0037] Further, the solution automatic replenishment device comprises a liquid storage tank and a metering pump controlled by the control unit.

[0038] The application further discloses an experimental method based on any of the calcium-based scale deposition experimental devices, and any operator can complete a structured and logically consistent experiment by following the method steps, regardless of his personal experience, so that the standardization and reproducibility of the experimental process itself are ensured.

[0039] Further, in step S1, the target chemical parameter threshold value comprises a lower limit value of pH and a lower limit value of calcium hydroxide concentration.

[0040] Further, in step S3, the current chemical parameter comprises a current pH value and a current calcium hydroxide concentration.

[0041] Further, the deposit analysis in step S4 includes measuring the thickness and / or mass of the deposit layer. The measurement of thickness and mass is absolute, numerical, and independent of subjective judgment, which completely avoids the ambiguity and controversy brought by qualitative descriptions such as "more / less deposition" in traditional observation. Regardless of who operates, consistent data can be obtained by measuring the mass or average thickness of the deposit, which enables accurate numerical comparison and statistical analysis of the deposition effect under different experimental groups and different conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a calcium-based scale deposition experimental device according to the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a calcium-based scale deposition experimental method according to the present application.

[0044] Reference signs are as follows:

[0045] Carbon dioxide gas supply unit 110, gas source 111, mass flow controller 112;

[0046] Solution automatic replenishment device 120, solution storage tank 121, metering pump 122;

[0047] pH sensor 131, calcium hydroxide solution concentration detector 132, constant temperature control module 133;

[0048] Reaction vessel 140;

[0049] Control unit 150. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] A calcium-based scale deposition experimental device, comprising:

[0051] Reaction vessel 140 for containing a reaction solution and carrying a sample to be tested;

[0052] Sensor module arranged in or connected to the reaction vessel 140 for real-time monitoring of chemical parameters of the reaction solution, the sensor module comprising a pH sensor 131 and a calcium hydroxide solution concentration detector 132;

[0053] Control unit 150 in communication with the sensor module for receiving monitoring data of the chemical parameters and comparing the monitoring data with a preset threshold value;

[0054] Solution automatic replenishment device 120 connected to the control unit 150 and the reaction vessel 140, the control unit 150 controlling the solution automatic replenishment device 120 to add calcium hydroxide solution into the reaction vessel 140 according to the comparison result to maintain the stability of the chemical parameters of the reaction solution;

[0055] The carbon dioxide gas supply unit 110 is connected with the reaction container 140, and is used for feeding carbon dioxide gas into the reaction container 140 at a controllable flow rate.

[0056] Through the organic combination of the three functional modules of the sensor module, the control unit 150 and the solution automatic replenishing device 120, real-time monitoring, intelligent decision-making and precise execution are realized, the decrease of the pH value and the concentration of the calcium hydroxide solution caused by the feeding of carbon dioxide gas can be automatically sensed, and the calcium hydroxide solution can be replenished immediately and quantitatively. This makes the chemical environment of the reaction solution be able to be actively maintained in a narrow range fluctuating around the preset threshold value in the whole experimental period, and for the first time, the quasi-steady deposition process more common in the industrial system is simulated and realized under laboratory conditions, greatly improving the authenticity and scientificity of the experiment.

[0057] The scheme uses automatic monitoring and feedback control to completely replace the frequent sampling, offline testing and empirical estimation of the replenishment amount in the traditional method. This not only greatly improves the experimental efficiency, but more importantly, completely eliminates the systematic errors and random errors introduced by the manual operation interval, judgment error and operation disturbance. Since the stability of the key chemical conditions is realized through an objective and consistent automatic control logic rather than relying on the subjective experience and operation rhythm of different operators, the system can ensure that different batches of experiments are carried out in almost completely consistent chemical environments under the same preset parameters. This solves the problem of large dispersion of experimental results in the traditional method, and makes the data have excellent repeatability and comparability.

[0058] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0059] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0060] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or an ordered ranking of the technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" or "third" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0061] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or in communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 For the embodiment of the calcium-based scale deposition experiment device and experiment method of the present application, a calcium-based scale deposition experiment device, comprising a reaction container 140, a sensor module, a control unit 150, an automatic solution supply device 120 and a carbon dioxide gas supply unit 110. The reaction container 140 is used to contain the reaction solution and carry the test sample. According to the shape of the test sample, the reaction container 140 can be made into a cuboid or a cylinder, and a placing cavity is arranged in the center to hold the test sample and the reaction solution. A hole can be provided on the side wall of the reaction container 140 for inserting a catheter to connect with the carbon dioxide gas supply unit 110, so that carbon dioxide gas can enter the placing cavity, and according to the reaction needs, the position of the hole is as low as possible, so that the carbon dioxide gas entering the placing cavity can directly contact with the calcium hydroxide solution in the placing cavity for chemical reaction.

[0063] The sensor module is arranged in the reaction container 140 and is used to monitor the chemical parameters of the reaction solution in real time. The sensor module includes a pH sensor 131 and a calcium hydroxide solution concentration detector 132, so as to monitor the pH value and the concentration of the calcium hydroxide solution in the reaction solution in real time.

[0064] The control unit 150 can adopt a computer or a single-chip microcomputer, etc. The control unit 150 is in communication connection with the sensor module. The communication mode can adopt wired communication or wireless communication (Bluetooth or WiFi communication). The appropriate communication mode can be selected according to the actual needs. The control unit 150 is used to receive the real-time monitoring data of the reaction solution detected by the sensor module, and compare with the preset threshold value built-in the control unit 150.

[0065] The solution automatic replenishing device 120 is in communication connection with the control unit 150, receives the control signal from the control unit 150, and is also connected with the reaction container 140, so that the reaction solution in the solution automatic replenishing device 120 can be added into the reaction container 140. The control unit 150 sends a signal to the solution automatic replenishing device 120 according to the comparison result of the monitoring data and the preset threshold value, and the solution automatic replenishing device 120 adds calcium hydroxide solution into the reaction container 140 to maintain the stability of the chemical parameters of the reaction solution.

[0066] The carbon dioxide gas supply unit 110 is connected with the reaction container 140. Specifically, the carbon dioxide gas supply unit 110 is in communication with an opening on the reaction container 140 through a pipeline, and supplies carbon dioxide gas into the reaction container 140 at a controllable flow rate during the experiment.

[0067] In the irreversible trend of continuous parameter decline caused by the introduction of carbon dioxide, the traditional experiment relies on the operator to estimate the consumption and manually add the reactant, which is rough, lagging and inaccurate. By setting the solution automatic replenishing device 120 and directly driving it by the control unit 150 according to the real-time monitoring data, the system can instantly, automatically and quantitatively supplement the calcium hydroxide solution when the chemical parameters of the reaction solution deviate from the preset threshold value within a certain range. Since the timing, triggering condition and execution action of the replenishment are completely determined by the unified control logic and hardware device, the randomness that is difficult to avoid in manual operation (such as different replenishment time points, estimation error of replenishment amount, and difference in operation method) is eliminated. Therefore, the solution automatic replenishing device 120 is the key hardware to ensure that different batches of experiments can obtain the same parameter maintenance effect under the same procedure, and is the material basis for the excellent repeatability of experimental results.

[0068] Further, the calcium-based scale deposition experiment device further comprises a display and recording unit. The display and recording unit can be integrated with the control unit 150. The display and recording unit is connected with the control unit 150 and / or the sensor module, and is used for real-time display of monitoring data, control state and recording of experimental process data. Through the display unit, the operator can see the instantaneous value of the key parameters and the trend curve of the change over time in real time and intuitively. This makes the entire deposition experiment become a completely visual and controllable process. The operator can master the system running state at any time without interrupting the experiment or relying on offline measurement, which greatly enhances the controllability and operation convenience of the experiment. Through the recording unit, the system can automatically and continuously record all sensor data, control events and time stamps. The complete electronic record makes the experimental process can be completely reviewed and audited, which meets the strict requirements of scientific research on the repeatability and verifiability of the experiment. At the same time, these structured data are easy to export, archive and conduct big data analysis, which provides the possibility for establishing a deposition model and accumulating an experimental case library under different conditions.

[0069] In further, the display and recording unit comprises a display screen and a data storage module, the display screen is used for visualizing curves and real-time values of pH value, calcium hydroxide concentration and temperature change over time. By limiting the display screen to visualize the curves of pH value, concentration and temperature change over time, the operator can see at a glance whether the parameters are stable, slowly drift or fluctuate sharply, so as to judge whether the experimental state is normal or the control logic is effective. An abnormal inflection point on the curve may indicate a deposition phase change or equipment anomaly, which is depth information that cannot be provided by pure digital display.

[0070] The data storage module, such as a hard disk arranged in a computer, is used for storing and supporting export of experimental data. By storing and supporting export of experimental data through the data storage module, massive process data can be exported from the system in a universal format and imported into professional data analysis software or artificial intelligence models for deep mining and modeling, which greatly expands the value and life cycle of experimental data.

[0071] On the basis of the above embodiment, the carbon dioxide gas supply unit 110 comprises a gas source 111, a connecting pipeline and a mass flow controller 112, and the mass flow controller 112 is used for accurately controlling the flow of carbon dioxide gas into the reaction container 140. In the calcium-based scale deposition experiment, the introduction of carbon dioxide gas is the core disturbance source and rate control step for driving the entire chemical reaction (calcium carbonate generation). The mass flow controller 112 is used to replace a simple needle valve or a rotary flowmeter, and has the advantages of being able to set and maintain a constant carbon dioxide gas flow with high precision and repeatability. This changes the key experimental variable of gas flow rate from an estimated value that is difficult to accurately reproduce to a determined parameter that can be accurately set, measured and maintained, and fundamentally solves the problem of uncomparable deposition rate caused by gas flow fluctuations in the traditional method. Since the mass flow controller 112 can ensure that the introduction rate of carbon dioxide gas is completely consistent between different batches of experiments and at different time periods of the same experiment, the repeatability of the experiment is greatly enhanced. Researchers can be confident that the difference in deposition rate between different experimental groups is mainly due to other variables (such as temperature and pH set value) under study, rather than accidental fluctuations in gas supply, which provides a reliable basis for conducting rigorous controlled experiments and multi-factor analysis.

[0072] In addition, the calcium-based scale deposition experiment device further comprises a constant temperature control module 133 connected with the reaction container 140, which is used for maintaining the temperature of the reaction solution constant. The deposition process of calcium-based scale (such as calcium carbonate) is highly sensitive to temperature. Temperature directly affects the chemical reaction rate (the crystallization growth rate of calcium carbonate changes with temperature), solubility and supersaturation (the solubility of calcium carbonate changes with temperature). ​and solubility changes with temperature) and sediment morphology and structure (different temperature can generate different crystal forms or different morphologies ), the reaction liquid temperature is stabilized at the set value by the constant temperature control module 133, ensuring that each experiment is carried out under exactly the same thermodynamic background. This makes the temperature, a strong interference variable, fixed, so that the influence of other chemical parameters (such as pH, concentration) on the deposition process can be studied independently and accurately, or the influence of temperature itself as a single variable can be accurately studied.

[0073] On the basis of the above embodiment, the solution automatic replenishment device 120 includes a liquid storage tank 121 and a metering pump 122, the metering pump 122 is arranged on the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 121 or the pipeline connecting the liquid storage tank 121 and the reaction container 140, and the metering pump 122 is controlled by the control unit 150. By limiting the use of the metering pump 122 as an execution component, it is ensured that the calcium hydroxide solution added to the reaction container 140 is accurately metered. The metering pump 122 can deliver liquid volumes in the microliter to milliliter range with high repeatability, which fundamentally eliminates the disadvantages of empirical and inaccurate replenishment amount compared with traditional manual pouring or using ordinary peristaltic pumps. The volume of each replenishment is known and controllable, which makes it possible to calculate the material balance of the system and analyze the replenishment behavior, thereby improving the quantitative level of the experiment. The liquid storage tank 121 as an independent liquid storage unit can accommodate a sufficient amount of replenishment liquid to support long-term automatic experiments without manual addition in the middle, ensuring the continuity of the experiment and the unattended operation capability.

[0074] As shown in Figure 2 , the application also discloses an experimental method of the calcium-based scale deposition experimental device according to any one of the above schemes, which comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1: parameter setting and initialization: set the target chemical parameter threshold of the reaction solution and the constant temperature; add the initial calcium hydroxide solution to the reaction container 140, and install the sample to be tested;

[0076] S2: start the experiment: start the constant temperature control, and after the temperature is stabilized, start the data recording, and pass the carbon dioxide gas into the reaction solution at the set flow rate to start the experiment;

[0077] S3: automatic operation and control: real-time monitoring of the current chemical parameters of the reaction solution; the control unit 150 compares the current chemical parameters with the corresponding target threshold; when it is monitored that the current chemical parameters are lower than the corresponding target threshold, the control unit 150 controls the solution automatic replenishment device 120 to supplement the calcium hydroxide solution into the reaction container 140 until the current chemical parameters recover to above the target threshold;

[0078] S4: Experiment termination and sampling: After reaching the preset experiment time, stop the carbon dioxide gas, take out the sample and conduct sediment analysis;

[0079] S5: Data analysis: Export the data recorded during the experiment, combine the sample analysis results, and analyze the scale deposition behavior.

[0080] This method abstracts and solidifies the originally possibly person-dependent experimental operation into five explicit steps, which creates a standard operating procedure. As long as any operator follows the steps of this method, regardless of their personal experience, they can complete a structured and logically consistent experiment, ensuring the standardization and reproducibility of the experimental process itself. It provides a unified procedural framework for obtaining comparable experimental results at different times, different places, and different operators.

[0081] In the above step S1, the target chemical parameter threshold includes a lower pH limit and a lower calcium hydroxide concentration; in step S3, the current chemical parameter includes the current pH value and the current calcium hydroxide concentration. Step S1 specifies that the target of control is "pH lower limit and concentration lower limit", which sets a clear adjustment benchmark for the system; in step S3, the object of monitoring is "current pH value and current concentration value", which ensures that the system real-time perception is the key variable that needs to be controlled. The combination of the two makes the entire intelligent control logic have the completeness of "clear target, direct feedback, and accurate judgment", and fundamentally solves the environmental fluctuation problem caused by ambiguous control target or misplaced monitoring object, providing the most fundamental logical guarantee for obtaining stable, repeatable, and scientifically interpretable experimental data.

[0082] In addition, the sediment analysis in step S4 includes measuring the thickness and / or mass of the deposited layer. The measurement results of thickness and mass are absolute, numerical, and independent of subjective judgment, which completely avoids the ambiguity and controversy brought by qualitative descriptions such as "more / less deposition" in traditional observation. Regardless of who operates, measuring the mass or average thickness of the sediment can obtain consistent data, which enables accurate numerical comparison and statistical analysis of the deposition effect under different experimental groups and different conditions.

[0083] Through the closed-loop control system composed of the sensor module, the control unit 150, the solution automatic supply device 120, the mass flow controller 112, and the constant temperature module, the chemical environment (pH, concentration) and physical conditions (temperature, The multi-dimensional, dynamic steady-state control of the flow rate) solves the core problem of the traditional method that the data is unreliable and the repeatability is poor due to the continuous drift of the parameters, and through the automatic data recording and visualization throughout the process, provides a high-precision, quantifiable and reproducible integrated experimental platform for in-depth study of deposition kinetics and establishment of accurate structure-activity relationship, and significantly improves the scientificity, efficiency and engineering guidance value of the research.

[0084] The above merely describes specific embodiments of the present application, but the technical features of the present application are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application are encompassed in the patent scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for calcium-based scale deposition, characterized in that, include: A reaction vessel is used to contain the reaction solution and hold the test sample. A sensor module, disposed inside or connected to the reaction vessel, is used to monitor the chemical parameters of the reaction solution in real time. The sensor module includes a pH sensor and a calcium hydroxide solution concentration detector. The control unit is communicatively connected to the sensor module and is used to receive monitoring data of the chemical parameters and compare the monitoring data with a preset threshold. An automatic solution replenishment device is connected to the control unit and the reaction vessel. The control unit controls the automatic solution replenishment device to add calcium hydroxide solution to the reaction vessel according to the comparison result, so as to maintain the stability of the chemical parameters of the reaction solution. A carbon dioxide gas supply unit, connected to the reaction vessel, is used to introduce carbon dioxide gas into the reaction vessel at a controllable flow rate.

2. The experimental apparatus for calcium-based scale deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcium-based scale deposition experimental device also includes a display and recording unit, which is connected to the control unit and / or the sensor module, and is used to display the monitoring data, control status and record experimental process data in real time.

3. The experimental apparatus for calcium-based scale deposition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The display and recording unit includes a display screen and a data storage module. The display screen is used to visually display the curves and real-time values ​​of pH value, calcium hydroxide concentration, and temperature changes over time. The data storage module is used to store and support the export of experimental data.

4. The experimental apparatus for calcium-based scale deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide gas supply unit includes a gas source, connecting pipelines, and a mass flow controller, which is used to precisely control the flow rate of carbon dioxide gas entering the reaction vessel.

5. The experimental apparatus for calcium-based scale deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcium-based scale deposition experimental apparatus also includes a constant temperature control module connected to the reaction vessel to maintain a constant temperature of the reaction solution.

6. The experimental apparatus for calcium-based scale deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic solution replenishment device includes a storage tank and a metering pump, the metering pump being controlled by the control unit.

7. An experimental method based on the calcium-based scale deposition experimental apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Parameter setting and initialization: Set the target chemical parameter threshold and isothermal temperature of the reaction solution; add the initial calcium hydroxide solution to the reaction vessel and install the test sample; S2: Start the experiment: Start the constant temperature control, wait for the temperature to stabilize, start data recording, and introduce carbon dioxide gas into the reaction solution at the set flow rate to start the experiment. S3: Automatic Operation and Control: Real-time monitoring of the current chemical parameters of the reaction solution; the control unit compares the current chemical parameters with the corresponding target threshold; when the current chemical parameters are detected to be lower than the corresponding target threshold, the control unit controls the automatic solution replenishment device to replenish calcium hydroxide solution to the reaction vessel until the current chemical parameters are restored to above the target threshold; S4: Experiment Termination and Sampling: After the preset experimental time is reached, stop the introduction of carbon dioxide gas, take out the sample and perform sediment analysis; S5: Data Analysis: Export the data recorded during the experiment and combine it with the sample analysis results to analyze the scale deposition behavior.

8. The experimental method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S1, the target chemical parameter thresholds include a lower limit for pH and a lower limit for calcium hydroxide concentration.

9. The experimental method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, the current chemical parameters include the current pH value and the current calcium hydroxide concentration.

10. The experimental method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sediment analysis described in step S4 includes measuring the thickness and / or quality of the sediment layer.

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